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XI MATHS IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

(NOTE: Questions marked * are very important)

SETS
1. Let 𝐴, 𝐵, and 𝐶 be the sets such that 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 = 𝐴 ∪ 𝐶 and 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = 𝐴 ∩ 𝐶. Show that 𝐵 = 𝐶.
2. Show that for any sets A and B,
𝐴 = ( 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ) ∪ ( 𝐴 − 𝐵 ) and 𝐴 ∪ ( 𝐵 − 𝐴 ) = ( 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 )
3. * If set A and set B have m and n elements respectively and the number of subsets of set A exceeds the
number of subsets of set B by 56. Find m and n. (Ans: m=6, n=3)

RELATIONS & FUNCTIONS

1. * Let f = {(1,1), (2,3), (0, −1), (−1, −3)} be a function described by the formula f (x) = ax + b for
some a & b. Determine a & b.
2. Find the domain and range of the following functions:
Function Domain Range
(𝑖)𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 2 R [0, ∞)
(ii) * 𝑓(𝑥) = √9 − 𝑥 2 [−3,3] [0,3]
(iii) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 2 − 9 (−∞, −3] ∪ [3, ∞) [0, ∞)
1 1
(iv) 𝑓(𝑥) = (−3,3) [3 , ∞)
√9−𝑥2
1
(v) 𝑓(𝑥) = (−∞, −3) ∪ (3, ∞) (0, ∞)
√𝑥 2 −9
𝑥+1 2 1
(vi) f(x)= 𝑅−{ } 𝑅−{ }
3𝑥−2 3 3
1 1
(vi) 𝑓(𝑥) = 9−𝑥 2 𝑅 − {−3,3} (−∞, 0) ∪ [9 , ∞)
1 1
(vii) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥2 −9 𝑅 − {−3,3} (−∞, − 9] ∪ (0, ∞)
𝑥2
(viii) * 𝑓(𝑥) = R [0,1)
𝑥 2 +1
𝑥 2 −1
(ix) f(x)= 𝑥−1
𝑅 − {1} 𝑅 − {2}
3
(x) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 R [4 , ∞)
1 3
(xi) f(x)=(2𝑥+3)(𝑥+1) 𝑅 − {− 2 , −1} (−∞, 0) ∪ [8, ∞)

TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
1. Show that: tan 3 x tan 2 x tan x = tan 3x - tan 2 x - tan x
𝜋
2. * Find the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛 8
𝜋 𝜋 3
3. * Prove that 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 [𝑥 + ] + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 [𝑥 − ] =
3 3 2
 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
4. * Find 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 , 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑎𝑛 2 in each of the following cases:
4
(i)𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = − 3, x is in quadrant II
1
(ii) 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = − 3, x is in quadrant III
1
(iii) 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 4, x is in quadrant II

5. Prove that 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 cos 8 = 2 cos .

sin 16 x 1
6. * Prove that (i) cos x cos 2 x cos 4 x cos 8 x = (ii) cos 20o cos 40o cos 60o cos 80o =
16 sin x 16
1 3
(iii) sin 10o sin 30o sin 50o sin 70o = (iv) sin 20o sin 40o sin 60o sin 80o =
16 16
𝑠𝑒𝑐8𝜃−1 𝑡𝑎𝑛8𝜃
7. Prove that: = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃
𝑠𝑒𝑐4𝜃−1

COMPLEX NUMBERS

3+2𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
1. Find real 𝜃 such that 1−2𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 is purely real.

2. * If (x + iy )1 / 3 = a + ib, ( x y
show that 4 a 2 − b 2 =
+ .
a b
)
𝑐+𝑖 𝑏 2𝑐
3. If a+ib = where c is real, prove that 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 = 1 and = 𝑐 2 −1
𝑐−𝑖 𝑎
4. * Find real values of x and y for which the complex number (x-iy)(3+5i) is the conjugate of
-6-24i.
𝛽−𝛼
5. * If 𝛼 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛽 are different complex numbers with |𝛽|=1, find |1−𝛼̅𝛽|.

BINOMIAL THEOREM
1. Using binomial theorem, prove that 6n–5n always leaves remainder 1 when divided by 25.
2. Using Binomial Theorem, indicate which number is larger (1.1)10000 or 1000.
3. Find (a + b)4 – (a – b)4. Hence, evaluate ( √3+ √2)4 – ( √3 – √2)4 .

SEQUENCES AND SERIES

1. Between 1 and 31, m numbers have been inserted in such a way that the resulting sequence is an A.
P. and the ratio of 7th and (m – 1)th numbers is 5 : 9. Find the value of m. (Ans:14)
2. A person has 2 parents, 4 grandparents, 8 great grandparents, and so on. Find the number of his
ancestors during the ten generations preceding his own.
7
3. Find the sum of the sequence 7, 77, 777, 7777, ... to n terms. (Ans:81 (10𝑛+1 − 9𝑛 − 10))
4. Let A and G be A.M. and G.M. of two given distinct positive real numbers a and b, respectively.
Prove that 𝐴 > 𝐺.

5. The 5th, 8th and 11th terms of a G.P. are p, q and s, respectively. Show that q2 = ps.
 3
6. Evaluate ∑11
𝑘=1 2 + 3
𝑘
{Ans:22 + 2 (311 − 1))}
39
7. The sum of first three terms of a G.P. is and their product is 1. Find the common ratio.
10
5 2
(Ans:2 𝑜𝑟 5)
8. Find four numbers forming a geometric progression in which the third term is
greater than the first term by 9, and the second term is greater than the 4th by 18. (Ans: 3,-6,12,-18)
9. * If the first and the nth term of a G.P. are a and b, respectively, and if P is the product of n terms,
prove that
P2 = (ab)n.
10. Show that the ratio of the sum of first n terms of a G.P. to the sum of terms from (n + 1)th to (2n)th
1
term is 𝑟 𝑛.
11. * The sum of two numbers is 6 times their geometric mean, show that numbers are in the ratio
(3+ 2 √2 ) : (3-2 √2 ).
12. * The ratio of the A.M. and G.M. of two positive numbers a and b, is m : n. Show that 𝑎: 𝑏 = 𝑚 +
√𝑚2 − 𝑛2 : 𝑚 − √𝑚2 − 𝑛2 .
13. If f is a function satisfying f (x +y) = f(x) f(y) for all x, y Î N such that f(1) = 3 and
∑𝑛𝑥=1 𝑓(𝑥) = 120, find the value of n. (Ans:4)

14. The sum of three numbers in G.P. is 56. If we subtract 1, 7, 21 from these numbers in that order, we
obtain an arithmetic progression. Find the numbers. (Ans:8,16,32)
15. A G.P. consists of an even number of terms. If the sum of all the terms is 5 times the sum of terms
occupying odd places, then find its common ratio. (Ans:4)
16. The sum of the first four terms of an A.P. is 56. The sum of the last four terms is 112. If its first term
is 11, then find the number of terms. (Ans:11)
17. * Let S be the sum, P the product and R the sum of reciprocals of n terms in a G.P. Prove that
P2Rn = Sn.
18. * If a and b are the roots of x2 – 3x + p = 0 and c, d are roots of x2 – 12x + q = 0, where a, b, c, d form
a G.P. Prove that (q + p) : (q – p) = 17:15.
1 1 1
19. If a, b, c are in A.P.; b, c, d are in G.P. and , , are in A.P. prove that a, c, e are in G.P.
𝑐 𝑑 𝑒
20. A person writes a letter to four of his friends. He asks each one of them to copy the letter and mail to
four different persons with instruction that they move the chain similarly. Assuming that the chain is
not broken and that it costs 50 paise to mail one letter. Find the amount spent on the postage when 8th
set of letter is mailed. (Ans:Rs43690)
21. 150 workers were engaged to finish a job in a certain number of days. 4 workers dropped out on
second day, 4 more workers dropped out on third day and so on. It took 8 more days to finish the
work. Find the number of days in which the work was completed. (Ans:25 days)
1 1 1
22. If a, b, c are in G.P. and 𝑎 = 𝑏 = 𝑐 𝑧 , prove that x, y, z are in A.P.
𝑥 𝑦

23. If a, b, c, d and p are different real numbers such that (a2 + b2 + c2)p2 – 2(ab + bc + cd) p + (b2 + c2 +
d2) ≤ 0, then show that a, b, c and d are in G.P.
24. If p,q,r are in G.P. and the equations, px2 + 2qx + r = 0 and dx2 + 2ex + f = 0 have a common root,
𝑑 𝑒 𝑓
then show that 𝑝 , 𝑞 , 𝑟 are in A.P.
 STRAIGHT LINES

1. Find a point on the x-axis, which is equidistant from the points (7, 6) and (3, 4). (Ans:15/2,0)
2. Find the slope of a line, which passes through the origin, and the mid-point of the line segment
joining the points P (0, – 4) and B (8, 0). (Ans:-1/2)
0
3. Find the slope of the line, which makes an angle of 30 with the positive direction of y-axis
measured anticlockwise. (Ans: −√3)
1
4. The slope of a line is double of the slope of another line. If tangent of the angle between them is 3,
find the slopes of the lines. (Ans:1& 2 or ½ & 1 or -1 & -2 or -1/2 & -1 )
5. The vertices of ∆ 𝑃𝑄𝑅 are P (2, 1), Q (–2, 3) and R (4, 5). Find equation of the median through the
vertex R. (Ans:3x-4y+8=0 )
6. Find the equation of the line passing through (–3, 5) and perpendicular to the line through the points
(2, 5) and (–3, 6). (Ans:5x-y+20=0 )
7. * Find equation of the line passing through the point (2, 2) and cutting off intercepts on the axes
whose sum is 9. (Ans:x+2y-6=0, 2x+y-6=0)
2𝜋
8. Find equation of the line through the point (0, 2) making an angle with the positive x-axis. Also,
3
find the equation of line parallel to it and crossing the y-axis at a distance of 2 units below the origin.
(Ans:√3𝑥 + 𝑦 − 2 = 0, √3𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2 = 0 )
9. The perpendicular from the origin to a line meets it at the point (–2, 9), find the equation of the line.
(Ans:2x-9y+85=0 )
10. By using the concept of equation of a line, prove that the three points (3, 0),(– 2, – 2) and (8, 2) are
collinear.
11. Find the distance of the point (–1, 1) from the line 12(x + 6) = 5(y – 2). (Ans:5 )
𝑥 𝑦
12. Find the points on the x-axis, whose distances from the line 3 + 4 = 1 are 4 units.
(Ans: (-2,0),(8,0) )
13. Find equation of the line parallel to the line 3x + 4y + 2 = 0 and passing through the point (–2, 3).
(Ans:3x-4y+18=0 )
14. Find equation of the line perpendicular to the line x – 7y + 5 = 0 and having x intercept 3.
(Ans: y+7x=21 )
15. Find angles between the lines √3x + y = 1and x + √3y = 1. (Ans:300, 1500 )
16. Two lines passing through the point (2, 3) intersects each other at an angle of 600.If slope of one line
is 2, find equation of the other line.
17. Find the equation of the right bisector of the line segment joining the points (3, 4) and (–1, 2).
(Ans: 2x+y=5)
18. Find the coordinates of the foot of perpendicular from the point (–1, 3) to the line 3x – 4y – 16 = 0.
68 49
(Ans: 25 , − 25)
19. The perpendicular from the origin to the line y = mx + c meets it at the point (–1, 2). Find the values
of m and c. (Ans: m=1/2, c=5/2)
20. * If p and q are the lengths of perpendiculars from the origin to the lines 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 𝑘𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃
and 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 + 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃 = 𝑘, respectively, prove that 𝑝2 + 4𝑞 2 = 𝑘 2 .
21. * In the triangle ABC with vertices A (2, 3), B (4, –1) and C (1, 2), find the equation and length of
altitude from the vertex A. (Ans: y-x=1,√2)
22. * If p is the length of perpendicular from the origin to the line whose intercepts on the axes are a and
1 1 1
b, then show that 𝑝2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2.
23. *A line is such that its segment between the lines 5x – y + 4 = 0 and 3x + 4y – 4 = 0 is bisected at the
point (1, 5). Obtain its equation. (Ans: 107x-3y-92=0)
24. Find the equations of the lines, which cut-off intercepts on the axes whose sum and product are 1
and – 6, respectively. (Ans:2x-3y=6, -3x+2y=6)
25. Find perpendicular distance from the origin to the line joining the points (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃) and
𝜃
(𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∅, 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∅). ((Ans: |𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 |))
26. Find the equation of the line passing through the point of intersection of the lines 4x + 7y – 3 = 0 and
2x – 3y + 1 = 0 that has equal intercepts on the axes. (Ans: 13x+13y=6)
27. Find the distance of the line 4x + 7y + 5 = 0 from the point (1, 2) along the line 2x – y = 0.
23√5
(Ans: )
18
28. Find the direction in which a straight line must be drawn through the point (–1, 2) so that its point
of intersection with the line x + y = 4 may be at a distance of 3 units from this point.
(Ans:Parallel to x axis or parallel to y axis)
29. *Find the image of the point (3, 8) with respect to the line x +3y = 7 assuming the line to be a plane
mirror (Ans: (-1,-4)).
30. Find equation of the line which is equidistant from parallel lines 9x + 6y – 7 = 0 and 3x + 2y + 6 = 0.
(Ans:18x+12y+11=0)
31. A ray of light passing through the point (1, 2) reflects on the x-axis at point A and the reflected ray
13
passes through the point (5, 3). Find the coordinates of A. (Ans: 5 , 0)
32. Prove that the product of the lengths of the perpendiculars drawn from the points (√𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 , 0) and
𝑥 𝑦
(−√𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 , 0) to the line 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑏 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 1 is b.
33. A person standing at the junction (crossing) of two straight paths represented by the equations
2𝑥 – 3𝑦 + 4 = 0 and 3x + 4y – 5 = 0 wants to reach the path whose equation is 6x – 7y + 8 = 0 in
the least time. Find equation of the path that he should follow. (Ans: 119𝑥 + 102𝑦 = 125)

LINEAR INEQUALITIES

1. *A manufacturer has 600 litres of a 12% solution of acid. How many litres of a 30% acid solution
must be added to it so that acid content in the resulting mixture will be more than 15% but less than
18%? (Ans: 120 < x < 300)
2. *A solution of 8% boric acid is to be diluted by adding a 2% boric acid solution to it. The resulting
mixture is to be more than 4% but less than 6% boric acid. If we have 640 litres of the 8% solution,
how many litres of the 2% solution will have to be added? (Ans: More than 320 Ltrs
but less than 1280Ltrs.)
3. *How many litres of water will have to be added to 1125 litres of the 45% solution of acid so that
the resulting mixture will contain more than 25% but less than 30% acid content?
(Ans: More than 562.5 Ltrs but less than 900Ltrs.)