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ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003

Water-tube boilers and auxiliary

installations - Part 15: Acceptance
tests

Chaudières à tubes d'eau et installations

auxiliaires - Partie 15: Essais de réception

Wasserrohrkessel und
Anlagenkomponenten - Teil 15:
Abnahmeversuche

09/2003
 ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003

National Foreword

This European Standard EN 12952-15:2003 was adopted as Luxembourgish Standard

ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003.

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Nothing from this publication may be reproduced or utilized in
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or any other data carries without prior permission!
 ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 12952-15
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM September 2003

ICS 27.040

English version

Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations - Part 15:

Acceptance tests

Chaudières à tubes d'eau et à tubes de fumée - Partie 15: Wasserrohrkessel und Anlagenkomponenten - Teil 15:
Essais de réception Abnahmeversuche
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This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 June 2003.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12952-15:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
 EN 12952-15:2003 (E) ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003

Contents Page

Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................3
1 Scope and field of application ......................................................................................................................4
1.1 Field of application ........................................................................................................................................4
1.2 Scope ..............................................................................................................................................................4
1.3 General information .......................................................................................................................................5
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................................................5
3 Terms and definitions....................................................................................................................................6
4 Symbols and abbreviations and coefficients..............................................................................................6
4.1 Symbols and abbreviations ..........................................................................................................................6
4.2 Coefficients...................................................................................................................................................10
5 Guaranteed parameters...............................................................................................................................11
5.1 Basis for determining guaranteed parameters .........................................................................................11
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5.2 Parameters subject to guarantee ...............................................................................................................12

5.3 Additional measurements ...........................................................................................................................12
5.4 Supply of steam generator components by several manufacturers ......................................................12
6 Basic test conditions...................................................................................................................................13
6.1 Methods of determining efficiency.............................................................................................................13
6.2 General conditions ......................................................................................................................................13
6.3 Preliminary test runs ...................................................................................................................................13
6.4 Condition of steam generator.....................................................................................................................13
6.5 Steady-state conditions ..............................................................................................................................13
6.6 Performance of test .....................................................................................................................................14
6.7 Other information.........................................................................................................................................17
7 Instrumentation and methods of measurement .......................................................................................17
7.1 General..........................................................................................................................................................17
7.2 Pressure measurements .............................................................................................................................18
7.3 Temperature measurements.......................................................................................................................18
7.4 Mass and mass flow ....................................................................................................................................18
7.5 Calorific values.............................................................................................................................................19
7.6 Chemical composition.................................................................................................................................20
7.7 Electric power...............................................................................................................................................21
8 Heat balance and thermal efficiency..........................................................................................................21
8.1 Heat balance and envelope boundary .......................................................................................................21
8.2 Reference temperature................................................................................................................................27
8.3 Heat input, heat output and losses ............................................................................................................27
8.4 Thermal efficiency........................................................................................................................................53
9 Corrections to guarantee conditions .........................................................................................................59
9.1 General..........................................................................................................................................................59
9.2 Correction for deviations of water/steam side inlet parameters.............................................................61
9.3 Correction of efficiency by input-output method to guarantee conditions ...........................................61
9.4 Correction of efficiency by heat loss method to guarantee conditions via heat balance....................62
9.5 Correction of efficiency by heat loss method to guarantee conditions with change in flue gas
temperature ..................................................................................................................................................65
9.6 Efficiency under guarantee conditions .....................................................................................................69
10 Averaging and uncertainty of measurement.............................................................................................70
10.1 General..........................................................................................................................................................70
10.2 Averaging and corrections .........................................................................................................................70
10.3 Fundamentals of calculating uncertainty..................................................................................................71
10.4 Guide values for measurement uncertainties...........................................................................................73
10.5 Calculation of uncertainty...........................................................................................................................82
Annex A (normative) Statistical Combustion Calculation.....................................................................................85
Bibliography ..............................................................................................................................................................87

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 ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003 EN 12952-15:2003 (E)

Foreword
This document EN 12952-15:2003 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 269 “Shell and water-tube
boilers”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by March 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by
March 2004.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association. This European Standard is considered as a supporting standard to other application and
product standards which in themselves support an essential safety requirement of a New Approach Directive and
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should appear as a normative reference in them.

The European Standard series EN 12952 concerning water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations consists of the
following parts:

 Part 1: General.
 Part 2: Materials for pressure parts of boilers and accessories.
 Part 3: Design and calculation for pressure parts.
 Part 4: In-service boiler life expectancy calculations.
 Part 5: Workmanship and construction of pressure parts of the boiler.
 Part 6: Inspection during construction, documentation and marking of pressure parts of the boiler.
 Part 7: Requirements for equipment for the boiler.
 Part 8: Requirements for firing systems for liquid and gaseous fuels for the boiler.
 Part 9: Requirements for firing systems for pulverized solid fuels for the boiler.
 Part 10: Requirements for safeguards against excessive pressure.
 Part 11: Requirements for limiting devices of the boiler and accessories.
 Part 12: Requirements for boiler feedwater and boiler water quality.
 Part 13: Requirements for flue gas cleaning systems.
 Part 14: Requirements for flue gas DENOX-systems.
 Part 15: Acceptance tests.
 Part 16: Requirements for grate and fluidized-bed firing systems for solid fuels for the boiler.
CR 12952 Part 17: Guideline for the involvement of an inspection body independent of the manufacturer.
Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognized that the Parts are interdependent. As such,
the design and manufacture of water-tube boilers requires the application of more than one Part in order for the
requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled.

NOTE Part 4 and 15 are not applicable during the design, construction and installation stages.

Annex A is normative.

This document includes a Bibliography.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following coun-
tries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

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 EN 12952-15:2003 (E) ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003

1 Scope and field of application

1.1 Field of application

This European Standard covers direct-fired steam boilers and hot water generators, including the auxiliaries. For the
purposes of this standard, steam boilers and hot water generators are vessels and pipework systems in which:

 steam at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure is generated for use external to the system;

 water is heated to a temperature higher than the saturation temperature at atmospheric pressure for use ex-
ternal to the system.

A steam generator normally consists of the flue gas-heated evaporator, the superheater, the reheater, the feedwater
heater, the air heater, the fuel heater, if any, and the fuel burning equipment.
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The term 'direct-fired' relates to equipment by means of which the chemical heat in the fuel of known composition is
converted to sensible heat. Such equipment can involve stoker firing, fluidized-bed combustion or burner systems.

The auxiliaries include the fuel feeders, the pulverizer, the FD (forced draught) fan, the ID (induced draught) fan, the
facilities for removal of the refuse (combustion residues), the steam air heater, the main air heater, the fuel heater, if
any, and the dust collector.

This standard does not cover:

 units fired with special fuels (e.g. refuse);

 pressurized steam generators (e.g. pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC) boilers);

 steam generators in combined cycle systems.

This standard can be applied by analogy to the acceptance testing of:

 indirect-fired units (e.g. waste heat boilers);

 units operated using other heat carriers (e.g. gases, thermal oils, sodium).

Where this standard is to serve as the basis for the acceptance testing of heat-transfer systems, an agreement should
have been reached by the time the contract has been concluded with regard to any special features which may have
an effect on the measurements and interpretation of test results.

1.2 Scope

This standard is intended as the basis for the thermal performance (acceptance) testing of direct-fired steam boilers
and hot water generators. Such tests are designed to demonstrate that the guarantees with respect to efficiency and
output or other parameters have been met.

This standard includes (among other things):

 recommendations for the performance of acceptance tests (see clause 6);

 a definition of the envelope boundary of the steam generating unit and of the efficiency (see clause 8);

 details on the uncertainty of measurement (see clause 10).

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 ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003 EN 12952-15:2003 (E)

1.3 General information

The standard provides information on agreements relating to the type and scope of acceptance tests. Such agree-
ments should be made prior to testing or at the time when the steam or hot water generator is ordered.

The agreements can refer to the following:

 scope of supply, envelope boundary, reference temperature;

 method of determining thermal efficiency, direct (input-output) method or indirect (heat loss) method;

 additional measurements;

 test conditions, such as degree of cleanliness, time to reach steady-state condition and test duration;

 any deviating test conditions;

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 blowdown and sootblowing;

 functional use of instrumentation other than specified in clause 6;

 steam table and tables for other thermodynamic properties to be used;

 any special correction methods;

 location and position of measuring points.

2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).

EN 837-1, Pressure gauges — Part 1: Bourdon tube pressure gauges — Dimensions, metrology, requirements and
testing.

EN 12952-1:2001, Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations — Part 1: General.

EN 26801, Rubber or plastics hoses — Determination of volumetric expansion (ISO 6801:1983).

EN 60584-1, Thermocouples — Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1:1995).

EN 60584-2, Thermocouples — Part 2: Tolerances (IEC 60584-2:1982 + A1:1989).

EN 60751, Industrial platinum resistance thermometer sensors (IEC 60751:1983 + A1:1986).

EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling (ISO 3170:1988, including Amendment 1:1998).

EN ISO 3993, Liquefied petroleum gas and light hydrocarbons — Determination of density or relative density —
Pressure hydrometer method (ISO 3993:1984).

EN ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices — Part 1: Orifice plates,
nozzles and Venturi tubes inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full (ISO 5167-1:1991).

ISO 157, Coal — Determination of forms of sulfur.

ISO 334, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of total sulfur — Eschka method.

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 EN 12952-15:2003 (E) ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003

ISO 589, Hard coal — Determination of total moisture.

ISO 609, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of carbon and hydrogen — High temperature combustion method.

ISO 625, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of carbon and hydrogen — Liebig method.

ISO 1217, Displacement compressors — Acceptance tests.

ISO 1928, Solid mineral fuels — Determination of gross calorific value by the bomb calorimetric method, and calcula-
tion of net calorific value.

ISO 1988, Hard coal — Sampling.

ISO 5389, Turbocompressors — Performance test code.

3 Terms and definitions

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For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 12952-1 and the following apply.

3.1
direct method
input-output method
efficiency is determined as the ratio of heat absorbed by the working fluids (water and steam) to the heat input
(chemical heat plus heat credits added to the steam generator)

3.2
indirect method
heat loss method
determination of all accountable heat losses, heat credits and the heat in the fuel. The efficiency is then equal to
100 minus the ratio of the sum of all heat losses to the sum of heat in the fuel plus heat credits

3.3
standard condition
embraces the condition at pn = 1,01325 bar and tn = 0 °C

3.4
refuse
combustion residues that are obtained in the form of flue dust or in the molten and/or agglomerated solid state
(slag), including the fuel contained in them

4 Symbols and abbreviations and coefficients

4.1 Symbols and abbreviations

For the purpose of this part, the symbols given in EN 12952-1:2001, Table 4-1 and those given in Table 4.1-1 and
Table 4-1-2 shall apply.

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 ILNAS-EN 12952-15:2003 EN 12952-15:2003 (E)

Table 4.1-1 — Latin Letters

Symbol Description Unit

A Ash content of fuel related to daf-based fuel —
AU Influence factor —
c Specific heat capacitya kJ/(kgK)
c Integral specific heat capacitya kJ/(kgK)
f factor (transient fraction of heat output) —
f Limit of (permissible) error —
H Calorific value (CV) kJ/kg
h Specific enthalpy kJ/kg
i Number of samples —
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J Enthalpy of flue gas or combustion air related to fuel mass flow kJ/kg
L Latent heat (heat of vaporization) kJ/kg
l Single loss —
l Inflow length m
lu Ratio of unburned combustibles to supplied fuel mass flow —
M Molar mass —
m
Mass flow (rate) kg/s
n Air factor at boiler outlet —
n Lime ratio —
P Power kW
2
p Pressure N/mm

Q
Heat flow kW

T Thermodynamic temperature K
t Temperature Celsius °C
u Unburned combustibles content (by mass) kg/kg
uM Uncertainty of measurement —
3
V Combustion air and flue gas volume (per unit mass of fuel) m /kg
3
V
Volume flow (rate) m /h
3
v Specific volume m /kg
w Velocity m/s
W Moisture content of fuel related to dry, ash free based fuel —
x Flue gas/combustion air components content by mass kg/kg
xAd Combustion air content by mass kg/kg
3 3
y Content by volume m /m
3 3
yAd Combustion air content by volume m /m
2 2
NOTE 1 1 N/mm = 1 MN/m = 1 MPa
NOTE 2 The units shown are those normally used. Conversion can be necessary for use in the dimensionless equations.
a "specific heat", for short.