Comparative Study On Earthquake Analysis For Conve

Volume 11, Issue 9, September 2022
Impact Factor: 8.118

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET)
| e-ISSN: 2319-8753, p-ISSN: 2347-6710| www.ijirset.com | Impact Factor: 8.118|
||Volume 11, Issue 9, September 2022||
| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1109099|
Comparative Study on Earthquake Analysis

for Conventional and Flat Slab of RC High-
Rise Structure Using Inverted V- Bracing at
Different Zones
V S Tejananda1, Chetan Gonni S2
PG Student, Structural Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering Technology, Davangere, Karnataka, India 1
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering Technology, Davangere,
Karnataka, India2
ABSTRACT:The main objective of this project is to analyses & study the comparative seismic performance of
conventional and flat slab structures with and without inverted v shaped bracing using ETABS. In earthquake zone the
displacement and drift of the structures will be more so to have more stiffness to the structure inverted v-bracing is to
be provided therefore this project is compared between conventional slab & flat slab (with drops) building with and
without inverted v shaped bracing. All the structures were subjected to various kinds of loads such as dead load, live
load, earthquake load. This study is mainly based on Response spectrum analysis which is linear analysis to know the
seismic performance of the structures. Analysis was done as per IS:1893-2016. The results provide best information on
storey drifts, displacements, and storey shears and show its performance on different conditions of the structure. For the
obtained results we will check the best performic structure among all zones.
KEYWORDS:Inverted v-bracing, conventional slab, flat slab, ETABS, Response spectrum analysis, drift ratio,
displacement, shear,seismic zone.
I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
The earth crust from the movement of Tectonic plates due to sudden release of energy is known as earthquake.
Thus, on large tectonic plates or lithospheric plates this entire earth rests, these lithospheric plates are slowly moves but
when two edges of the plates are rubbed, the high energy is stored and there after slowly releases. Under this process,
energy grows through the Earth intersection of formation of the seismic waves. Due to depending on earthquake
magnitude, strength and frequency, the waves cause discontinuity of earth’s surface and thus; total earth’s crust have an
effect.
1.2 Flat Slab

India is a second largest populous country in the world
and as well as developing country. Due to scarcity of land,
we have adopted high-rise buildings. In this high-rise the
conventional structures, slab is supported by beam and
column combination thus the work of construction is much
more complication for formwork process and delay in time
management. To overcome this conventional structures, the
flat slab structures is used in this the concrete slab is
directly supported by concrete columns without using of
beams that reduces the total dead weight of structure.
Simple Flat Slab: In order to avoid using beams in
warehouses, offices, and public spaces, this slab is also
known as beam slab construction. Instead, slabs are
supported directly by columns. In these constructions no
IJIRSET © 2022 | An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | 12286

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1109099|
beams or column heads or drop panels are founded. The slabs are directly connected to column members.
Flat Slab with Drop Panels: The slab is thickened near the column by adding drops because the moments in the slab
are higher there. Fig -1: Flat slab with Drop panel
Flat Slab with Column Heads: It increases shear strength, negative moment capacity and stiffening of slab. Column
heads are occasionally expanded to lessen the perforation shear in the slab. Architecturally, the column heads can be
placed at any angle, but for design purposes, only the concrete piece at 45° on either side of vertical is regarded as
effective.
Flat Slab with Column Head and Drop Panels: this method is usually preferred when the deflection of slab loads
cannot satisfy by the only column heads or drop panels. It increases the slab's capacity for negative moments, its shear
strength, and its stiffness to reduce deflection.
1.3 Bracings
All structures could sustain the loads acting on those during the service life by possessing moderate strength and also
limit the deformation by possessing enough stiffness but this high-rise structure is affected by lateral forces due to
earthquake. This bracing used in high rise concrete structure to reduce lateral deflections. Bracing systems will reduce
the buckling capacity of the compression forces significantly and hence it is lower than the yielding tension capacity of
the tensile stresses in high rise structures. Which means as the bracings reach their resistance capacity, the load should
be resisted in the bending of the horizontal member.
1.3.1 Types of bracing used in construction

The principal bracings are divided into the following six types based on the diverse requirements in construction
systems.
1. Bracings in the front
2. Bracings for the back
3. V-shaped bracing
4. Inverted V-Type bracings
5. Bracings of the X-type
6. Bracings of the K-type
Fig -2: Different types of bracings
II. OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
1. To study the behavior of Conventional slab with flat slab building with drop panels.
2. To use linear dynamic analysis is also known as (response spectra method) to examine the performance level of
both conventional slab structure and flat slab structure with inverted V-shaped steel bracing.
3. From the above studies the best performance structure is considered for different seismic zone conditions.
4. Investigate the effects of lateral displacement, storey shear, storey drift, and slab stresses in a flat slab and
conventional slab construction.
5. To determine which of the models taken into account for various seismic zones has the highest performance.
III. METHODOLOGY
In this part, the comparison between conventional building structure and flat slab structure using with &
without inverted v-bracings are modelled using the analysis software called ETABS 2018(.1.1). The structures are
developed and analysis is done by Response spectrum method of investigation with different load combinations as per
the IS (Indian Standard) codal provisions. From above structures the best performance for lateral deflections structure
is then analysed for different zones i.e., 2,3,4&5 then results are compared.

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1109099|
Table -1: Description of particulars

SL.NO. PARTICULARS SIZE/VALUE/DIMENTIONS
1. No. of floor/levels Base+G+12+TERRACE
2. Type of structure Commercial purpose
3. Seismic zone III
4. Total height of building 46.6m
5. Floor to floor height 3.3m
6. Base to ground height 3.0m
7. Ground to 1st floor height 4.0m
8. Plan dimensions 30x42m
9. Grade of concrete M30
10. Grade of steel Fe500
11. Size of column 600x600mm & 450x600mm
12. Shear wall thickness 300mm
13. Conventional beam size 250x600mm
14. Parapet beams of flat slab structure 350x600mm
15. Slab thickness 150mm
16. Flat slab thickness 200mm
17. Drop thickness 350mm
18. Drop panel sizes 2.0x2.34m & 1.5x1.75m(EDGES)
19. Concrete Density 25KN/m3
20. Solid Brick Density 20KN/m3
21. Mortar Density 20.4KN/m3
22. Earthquake Load As per IS:1893-2016
23. Soil type II, Medium (as per IS:1893-2016)
24. Damping ratio 5%
25. Response reduction factor 5
26. Zone factor 0.16
27. Importance factor 1.5
28. Live load on slab 5.0KN/m2
29. Dead load on slab 1.5KN/m2
30. Dead on flat slab for partition walls 1.5KN/m2
31. Load on beams 12.42KN/m2(Outer wall-0.23m)
6.75KN/m2(Inner wall-0.125m)
32. Outer Wall load on terrace (230mm thickness) 4.6KN/ m2
Table -2: Description of Configurations

BUILDING TYPE CONFIGURATION
Conventional RC Framed Structure CASE-1
Flat Slab Structure CASE-2
Flat Slab Structure with inverted V-Bracing CASE-3
Flat Slab structure with inverted V -Bracing for ZONE-2 CASE-3A
Flat Slab structure with inverted V-Bracing for ZONE-3 CASE-3B
Flat Slab structure with inverted V-Bracing for ZONE-4 CASE-3C
Flat Slab structure with inverted V-Bracing for ZONE-5 CASE-3D

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1109099|
Fig -3: Plan & 3D-View of Conventional Building (Case-1)
Fig -4: Plan & 3D-View of Flat Slab Building (Case-2)
-
Fig -5: Plan & 3D-View of Flat Slab with V’-Bracing (Case-3)
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 GENERAL
In this Chapter, the discussion is mainly on seismic analysis results like storey shear, storey drift and storey
displacement by dynamic method of investigations for conventional frame and flat slab RC structure with and without
inverted V bracings. Among this above 3 structures the best performed structure is viewed for all the different zones.
4.2 COMPARISON RESULTS OF CONVENTIONAL AND FLAT SLAB WITH AND WITHOUT BRACING
STRUCTURES
4.2.1 Storey Displacement
The maximum values of storey displacement in both X & Y -directions for 3 different cases are shown below.
It is found that the CASE-3 has the minimum displacement values while compared with other 2 cases the values are
14.16 & 13.25mm in X & Y – Directions.

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1109099|
Table -3: Maximum Storey Displacement Values in RSA
MAXIMIUM DISPLACEMENT VALUES (mm)

Case/Direction X-Direction Y-Direction
CASE-1 16.933 16.103
CASE-2 14.872 13.857
CASE-3 14.164 13.25
MAX. DISPLACEMENT VALUES

20
SROREY DISP. VALUES (mm)
X-Direction Y-Direction
15 16.933 16.103
14.872 14.164
13.857 13.25
10
0
CASE-1 CASE-2 CASE-3
Fig -6: Graphical Representation of Storey Displacement by RSA for X & Y – Direction
4.2.2 Storey Drift

The maximum values of storey drift in both X & Y -directions for 3 different cases are shown below. It is
found that the CASE-3 has the minimum drift values while compared with other 2 cases the values are 0.000376 &
0.000353 in X & Y – Directions.
Table -4: Maximum Storey Drift Values in RSA
MAXIMIUM DRIFT RATIO VALUES

CASE-1 0.000424 0.00042
CASE-2 0.00036 0.00034
CASE-3 0.00034 0.00032
MAX. DRIFT RATIO VALUES

0.000500
0.000450 X-Direction Y-Direction
DRIFT RATIO VALUES
0.000400 0.000460
0.000440 0.0004
0.000350
0.000376
0.000300 0.00037
0.000250 0.000353
0.000200
0.000150
0.000100
0.000050
0.000000
Fig -7: Graphical Representation of Storey Drift by RSA for X & Y – Direction
4.2.3 Storey Shear

The maximum values of storey shear in both X & Y -directions for 3 different cases are shown below. It is
found that the CASE-3 has the maximum shear values while compared with other 2 cases the values are 4755.24 &
5107.15KN in X & Y – Directions.

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1109099|
Table -5: Maximum Storey Shear Values in RSA
MAXIMIUM STOREY SHEAR VALUES (KN)

CASE-1 5172.61 5357.55
CASE-2 4601.62 4880.16
5107.15
CASE-3 4755.24
MAX. STOREY SHEAR VALUES

5600
STOREY SHEAR VALUES (KN)
5400 X-Direction Y-Direction
5200 5357.55
5000 5172.61
5107.15
4800
4880.16
4600 4755.24
4601.62
4400
4200
Fig -8: Graphical Representation of Storey Shear by RSA for X & Y – Direction
4.2.4 Overview of Results Obtained

From the above the 3 cases, it is found that displacement, drift ratio and shear values are minimum for CASE-
3 (i.e., flat slab with inverted V bracings). So, the for this best performed structure we are analysing it for different
zones by RSA method as the same results are tabulated below.
4.3 COMPARISION RESULTS OF FLAT SLAB WITH BRACING STRUCTURES FOR DIFFERENT
ZONES
4.3.1 Storey Displacement
The maximum values of storey displacement in both X & Y -directions for 4 different cases are shown below.
It is found that the CASE-3A & CASE-3D has the minimum and maximum displacement values respectively
whilecompared with other cases the values are 8.9, 8.3mm & 31.7, 29.8mm in X & Y – Directions respectively.
Table 6: Maximum Storey Displacement Values in X & Y - direction by RSA
MAXIMIUM DISPLACEMENT VALUES

CASE-3A 8.9 8.3
CASE-3B 14.2 13.3
CASE-3C 21.2 19.9
CASE-3D 31.7 29.8

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1109099|
MAX. DISPLACEMENT VALUES

30.0
STOREY DISP. VALUES (mm)
31.7
29.8
25.0
20.0
21.2
19.9
15.0
14.2 13.3
10.0
8.9 8.3
5.0
0.0
CASE-3A CASE-3B CASE-3C CASE-3D
Fig -9: Graphical Representation of Storey Displacement Values in X & Y - direction by RSA
4.3.2 Storey Drift

found that the CASE-3A & CASE-3D has the minimum and maximum displacement values respectively while
compared with other cases the values are 0.00024, 0.00022 & 0.00084, 0.00079 in CASE-3A & CASE-3D respectively.
Table 7: Maximum Storey Drift Values in X & Y - direction by RSA
MAXIMIUM DRIFT RATIO VALUES

CASE-3A 0.000240 0.000220
CASE-3B 0.000376 0.000353
CASE-3C 0.000560 0.000530
CASE-3D 0.000840 0.000790
MAX. DRIFT RATIO VALUES

0.00080
0.00084
0.00079
DRIFT RATIO VALUES
0.00070
0.00060
0.00056
0.00050
0.00053
0.00040
0.00030 0.00038
0.00035
0.00020 0.00024
0.00022
0.00010
0.00000
Fig -10: Graphical Representation of Storey Drift Values in X & Y - direction by RSA
4.3.3 Storey Shear

found that the CASE-3A & CASE-3D has the maximum & minimum storey shear values respectively while compared
with other cases the values are 2972, 3192KN & 7141, 7663KN CASE-3A & CASE-3D respectively.

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1109099|
Table -8: Maximum Storey Shear Values in X & Y - direction by RSA
MAXIMIUM STOREY SHEAR VALUES(KN)

CASE-3A 2972 3192
CASE-3B 4755 5107
CASE-3C 7141 7663
CASE-3D 10762 11504
MAX. STOREY SHEAR VALUES
14000
STOREY SHEAR VALUES (KN)
X-Direction Y-Direction
12000
10000 11504
10762
8000
7663
6000 7141
4000 4755 5107
2000 2972 3192
0
Fig -11: Graphical Representation of Storey Shear by RSA for X & Y – Direction
V. CONCLUSION
In this current study, the impact of conventional structure, flat slab structure and flat slab with bracing structure for
G+12 commercial building is analysed under RSA method and the results obtained are considered for zone-3. The best
performed structures is considered for different zones the detained results of storey displacement, drift and shear is
discussed further.
1. The results of the maximum storey displacement are found to be 19.6% and 21.50% lesser values in X & Y-
Directions in flat slab with inverted V-bracings structure when compared with conventional structure respectively.
2. The results of the maximum storey displacement are found to be 4.50% and 5.00% lesser values in X & Y-
Directions in flat slab with inverted V-bracings structure when compared with normal flat slab structure
respectively.
3. The results of the maximum drift ratio are found to be 24.75% and 31.25% lesser values in X & Y- Directions in
flat slab with inverted V-bracings structure when compared with conventional structure respectively.
4. The results of the maximum drift ratio are found to be 5.85% and 6.25% lesser values in X & Y- Directions in flat
slab with inverted V-bracings structure when compared with normal flat slab structure respectively.
5. The results of the maximum shear values are found to be 8.75% and 5.00% lesser values in X & Y- Directions in
flat slab with inverted V-bracings structure when compared with conventional structure respectively.
6. The results of the maximum shear values are found to be 3.25% and 4.45% higher values in X & Y- Directions in
flat slab with inverted V-bracings structure when compared with normal flat slab structure respectively.
7. By observing the above results the flat slab with inverted V-bracings structure has found to be minimum results
when compared with other two structures. So that this flat slab with inverted v-bracings structure is used to
checked in different seismic zones conditions and obtained results are detailed below.
8. For the obtained flat slab with inverted V-bracings structure for different zones has been conducted and found
lesser values in zone-2 and higher values in zone-5 in all comparisons.
9. The values of storey displacement are found 2.56 times lower in X-direction and 2.60 times lower in Y-direction in
zone-2 while compared to zone-5.
10. The values of storey drifts are found 2.50 times lower in X-direction and 2.60 times lower in Y-direction in zone-2
while compared to zone-5.

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1109099|
11. The values of storey shear are found 2.62 times lower in X-direction and 2.60 times lower in Y-direction in zone-2
while compared to zone-5.
VI. FUTURE WORK CONDUCTED
From the past study’s and results we can recommend the future work can conducted on different parameters
that are explained in detailed below.
1. The replacement of inverted V-bracing by other type of bracing for flat slab structure may be conducted at
different positions.
2. The replacement of bracings by fluid viscos dampers can be placed at top stories of flat slab structure and
deflection may controlled.
3. This study of comparison has been conducted at seismic zone-3 by changing it to higher effected zones-4 and 5
and the effect of the structures can be exposed in detailed.
4. The effect of bracings with different change in position of shear wall may control the lateral forces in flat slab
structure.
REFERENCES
1. Chaithra N and Dakshayani S, “Seismic Performance of RC Flat Slab Structure with Different Types of Steel
Bracing”, International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, Volume-05, Issue-08, 2016.
2. D.S. Vijayan and S. Arvindan, “Seismic Performance of Flat Slab in Tall Buildings with and without Shear wall”,
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), Volume-9, Issue-1, 2019.
3. Deepak Kumar Vishwakarma and Dr. J.N. Vyas, “Comparative Analysis of Flat Slab, Grid Slab and Conventional
Slab with C-Type & L-Type Shear Wall”, International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 2, no 11,
pp 478-488, November 2021.
4. H S Pooja, N V Shashikumar, Dr. G Narayan and Dr. B K Narendra, “Seismic Behavior of Flat Slab for Optimum
Location of Bracings”, ISTCE publications, 982 -012083, 2022.
5. Kalyani GulabraoAhirrao and Prof. Hemant Dahake, “Study of Seismic Behaviour of High-Rise Flat Slab
Structure with Peripheral Beam vs Drop Panel Structure”, JES publications, Vol 11, Issue 7, July/2020.
6. Mandala Venugopal, Rathod Chiranjeevi, SabbineniRamyakala and Nandanar Anusha, “Seismic Performance of
Flat Slab with Drop and Conventional Structure”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
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7. Minal J. Mokal and Pallavi V. Dongare “Comparative study of flat slab and conventional slab using Etabs software
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Slab and Flat Plate System for RC Building” International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications,
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Materials Engineering, Volume 5, Issue 1, Page 13-18, 2019.
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14. Reference of IS: 456- 2000 code book.
15. Reference of IS: 1893-2016 code book.
16. Reference of “Advance Design of Concrete Structures”, textbook.

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Volume 11, Issue 9, September 2022

Impact Factor: 8.118

| e-ISSN: 2319-8753, p-ISSN: 2347-6710| www.ijirset.com | Impact Factor: 8.118|

||Volume 11, Issue 9, September 2022||