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BASIC NETWORK
SIMULATION
PECEC 3 – Communications 3: Data Communications (Lecture)
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Talking Points
• Objectives
• Different Network Simulation Tools
• Cisco Packet Tracer Walkthrough
• Accessing the Cisco IOS
• Network Topology Simulation
• Basic Cisco Commands & Configuration
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Objectives
• Know the basics of the different network simulation tools - Cisco
Packet tracer and GNS3.
• Familiarize with the different syntax and command modes using the
Cisco IOS.
• Establish and implement a simple local area network (LAN) using
different devices and different topologies.
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Network Simulation Tools
(a) Cisco Packet Tracer; (b) GNS3
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Cisco Packet Tracer
• A free and innovative Cisco Packet Tracer is “proprietary”
network simulation and
visualization tool used to
practice network
configuration and
troubleshooting skills via
desktop or mobile devices.
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Cisco Systems
• Founded in 1984 by married couple, Len Bossack and Sandy
Lerner, both are students of Standford University.
• The name ‘Cisco’ was taken from the city name of San Francisco.
• Cisco Systems Inc. is the leading router vendor and its operating
systems and routing protocols have become de facto standards.
• The company's product offerings comprises of the following
categories: Switching, Next-Generation Network (NGN) Routing,
Service Provider Video, Collaboration, Data Center, Wireless,
Security, and Other Products.
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Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS)
• Cisco Internetwork Operating System
• It is a proprietary operating system that runs on all of the Cisco
Systems’ routers and switches.
• The latest Cisco IOS for enterprise devices is Cisco IOS 15.9.
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Accessing the Command Line Interface
• By physically connecting Using Console Cable
into the device using a
console port and/or using a
third-party software for
remote access.
- PuTTy
- Hyperterminal
- SecureCRT
- Telnet/SSH (cmd)
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SecureCRT
• is a commercial SSH and Telnet
client and terminal emulator by
VanDyke Software.
• Originally a Windows product,
VanDyke later added a Mac OS
X version in 2010 with release
v6.6 and a Linux version in 2011
with release v6.7.
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PuTTy
• free and open-source terminal
emulator, serial console and
network file transfer application.
• It supports several network
protocols, including SCP, SSH,
Telnet, rlogin, and raw socket
connection.
• It can also connect to a serial
port. The name "PuTTY" has no
official meaning.
• developed originally by Simon
Tatham for the Windows
platform.
• developed and supported by a
group of volunteers.
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Hyperterminal
• a communications and
terminal emulation program
that came with the Windows
98 and Windows
XP operating systems.
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Telnet
• Telecommunications and Networks
• networking protocol best known for UNIX platform designed
specifically for local area networks.
• It is a network protocol which enables us to connect to a computer
remotely and it allows a two-way collaborative text based
communication channel between the two computers.
• Telnet uses TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
for creating remote sessions between two computers.
• Telnet is commonly used by such computer user who needs to access
certain data or program on a remote computer system.
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SSH
• Secure Shell or Secure Socket Shell.
• a cryptographic system protocol which allows two computers to
communicate and share the data over an insecure computer
network.
• supports secure access to users and automated procedures.
• It enables the users to deal with the network infrastructure and
different critical system elements securely.
• The SSH protocol was developed by SSH Communication
Security Ltd for establishing a safe and secure connection with
remote systems.
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Difference between SSH and Telnet
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Difference between SSH and Telnet
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Cisco IOS (Cisco Internetwork Operating
System) Modes
Hierarchy of CLI Modes
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Cisco IOS Modes
• User Exec Mode (Router>)
- limited privilege to issue show commands.
• Enable/Privileged Mode (Router#)
- Router>enable (en)
- Router#
- All show commands can be issued here.
• Global Configuration Mode
- Router#configure terminal (conf t)
- Router(config)#
- All commands issued in the global configuration mode affects
the router as a whole.
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Cisco IOS Modes
• Interface Configuration Mode
- Router(config)#int x/y
- Router(config-if)#
- All commands issued in this mode affects the specific port or
interface of the device which in turn also affects the process of the
router/switch.
• Line Configuration Mode
- Router(config)#line vty x y
- Router(config-line)#
- Configuration mode for terminal line parameters (console,
vty, tty, async).
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Cisco IOS Modes
• VLAN Configuration Mode
- Switch(config)#vlan id
- Switch(config-vlan)#
- Configuration mode for VLAN parameters.
• Router Configuration Mode
- Router(config)#router protocol
- Router(config-router)#
- Configuration mode for routing engine or routing protocol
parameters (rip, ospf, bgp, eigrp).
• ROM Monitor Mode (rommon 1>)
- ROM Monitor mode is used only in special circumstances,
such as reinstalling the entire software set, resetting the router
password, or specifying configuration file to use at startup.
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Sample Router Configuration using CLI
Housekeeping Commands
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Useful show Commands
• sh version
• sh run
• sh ip route __
• sh int __
• sh int desc | i __
• sh ip int br
• sh vlan
• sh arp | i __
• and others
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Useful show Commands
Output of show interface vlan
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Useful show Commands
Output of show run interface vlan
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Basic Network Simulation
Peer-to-Peer Connection
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Basic Network Simulation
Hub Topology
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Basic Network Simulation
Switch Topology
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Simulation Exercise
• Recreate the given point-to- Router p2p Connection
point connection of routers
below and apply all the
basic router configuration
for both. Ensure that both
routers are reachable to
each other using the “ping”
command.
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Course References
• Forouzan, Behrouz (2007) Data Communications and Networking
(4th ed.) McGraw-Hill Education
• Tomasi, W. (2004) Electronic Communication Systems (5th ed.)
• Sapak, M. (2017) Digital Communications (1st ed.)
• Ciora, J (2008) CCNA Exam Prep (2nd ed.) Pearson Education Inc.
• Odom, W. (2019) CCNA 200-301 Official Cert Guide Library vol. 1
& 2 (1st ed.) Cisco Press
• https://courses.mnet-it.com/learn
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