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    Gened - Understanding The Self

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    Rachael De Guzman Ramos
    This document provides an overview of perspectives on the self from ancient philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle through modern theorists. It discusses key concepts like the tripartite nature of the self, self-regulated learning, self-esteem versus self-efficacy, the social and material components of self-concept, and Freudian ideas of the id, ego and superego. A wide range of topics are covered concisely but without analysis or synthesis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Gened - Understanding The Self

    Uploaded by

    Rachael De Guzman Ramos
    17 views4 pages
    This document provides an overview of perspectives on the self from ancient philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle through modern theorists. It discusses key concepts like the tripartite nature of the self, self-regulated learning, self-esteem versus self-efficacy, the social and material components of self-concept, and Freudian ideas of the id, ego and superego. A wide range of topics are covered concisely but without analysis or synthesis.

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    GENED.UNDERSTANDING THE SELF

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    This document provides an overview of perspectives on the self from ancient philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle through modern theorists. It discusses key concepts like the tripartite nature of the self, self-regulated learning, self-esteem versus self-efficacy, the social and material components of self-concept, and Freudian ideas of the id, ego and superego. A wide range of topics are covered concisely but without analysis or synthesis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    17 views4 pages

    Gened - Understanding The Self

    Uploaded by

    Rachael De Guzman Ramos
    This document provides an overview of perspectives on the self from ancient philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle through modern theorists. It discusses key concepts like the tripartite nature of the self, self-regulated learning, self-esteem versus self-efficacy, the social and material components of self-concept, and Freudian ideas of the id, ego and superego. A wide range of topics are covered concisely but without analysis or synthesis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    UNDERSTANDING THE SELF

    UNDERSTANDING THE SELF


    ANCIENT PHILOSOPHERS
    1. SOCRATES
    - Father of Western Philosophy
    - SOCRATIC METHOD- art of questioning
    - SELF ACKNOWLEDGE is very important
    - Soul is a thinking and willing subject
    - “how should I live my life”
    - Unexamined life is not worth living”
    TWO PARTS OF SELF
    A. PHYSICAL - mortal
    B. SOUL- immortal

    2. PLATO
    - TRIPARTITE NATURE
    a. Rational self- think, analyze, looks ahead, self is very important
    b. Spirited self/ courageous self- face and overcome challenges, love victory and winning
    c. Appetitive self – desires for various pleasures, comforts, bodily ease
    - Human behavior flows from desire, emotions, and knowledge

    3. ARISTOTLE
    - REASON is supreme in human person
    - SENSE is the lower nature
    - REASONS OVER SENSES, LIVE A HAPPY LIFE
    - “Soul cannot be separated from the body”
    - Man is a rational animal

    SELF REGULATED LEARNING


    - One’s ability to understand and control one’s learning environment
    1. PLANNING- plans for a task
    2. PROBLEM SOLVING- apply and monitor their performance
    3. SELF EVALUATING – reflects on the outcome

    SELF ESTEEM VS. SELF EFFICACY


    SELF-ESTEEM- how you value yourself, how you like yourself
    SELF-EFFICACY- how effective you feel at accomplishing a task
    SELF ESTEEM AND SELF EFFICANCY are the components of SELF-CONFIDENCE

    SELF-CONCEPT – image we have of ourselves


    3 COMPONENTS
    SELF-IMAGE- what you see in the mirror
    IDEAL SELF- what physical features you want to be
    SELF-ESTEEM- how you value yourself

    MAMAWA- PINEL
    Men are Men and Women are Women
    - Reference to what makes a man a man and a woman based on age-old traditions.

    IMPRESSION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY- the process of portraying yourself to others in a manner that creates a
    desired impression.
    1. INGRATIATION- influencing others’ perceptions by complimenting them for one to appear likable.
    2. INTIMIDATION- getting what one wants by using aggression to control another person.
    3. SELF-PROMOTION- exaggerating one’s strength or characteristics to cause someone else to think highly of
    them.
    4. SUPPLICATION- an act wherein a person tries gain sympathy and attention by talking about his pains and
    faults. HUMBLY ASKING SOMEONE TO HELP YOU

    DAVID HUME
    “The human person is influenced more of his or her passion than reason”
    - BUNDLE THEORY- an object consists of its properties and nothing more.

    JOHN LOCKE
    “Human beings are TABULARASA at birth”
    - All men are created EQUAL
    - A person’s memories provide a continuity of experience that allows him to identify himself

    GEORGE HERBERT MEAD


    -SOCIAL SELF THEORY- a person identity is only developed through social interaction
    “The “me” is the external self”
    - He believe that the self cannot appear in consciousness as an “I”, that is always an object or me.
    RENE DESCARTES
    “I think therefore I am”- Cogito, ergo sum
    - Rationality and activity of the mind are at the center of man’s being.

    IMMANUEL KANT
    - Self is transcendental
    - TRANSCENDENTAL- supernatural or beyond the human experience

    GILBERT RYLE
    - CONCEPT OF MIND
    - He rejected the notion that mental states are separable from physical states.

    THE ME SELF- WILLIAM JAMES


    THE MATERIAL SELF- body like clothes, family, home, material possessions
    THE SOCIAL SELF- who a person in a social situation
    THE SPIRITUAL SELF- persons subjective and intimate self like personality, core values, conscience

    FREUD- Father of Psychoanalysis


    PSYCHOANALYTIC- unseen forces controlled by the conscious and rational thought
    FREUDS THREE LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
    1. Conscious
    2. Pre/conscious or Subconscious
    3. Unconscious

    THREE PARTS OF THE PSYCE/ MIND- three essential parts of the human personality
    1. ID- unconscious, PLEASURE PRINCIPLE
    2. EGO- pre-conscious/subconscious, REALITY PRINCIPLE
    3. SUPEREGO- conscious, VALUES AND MORAL PRINCIPLE

    ERIK ERIKSON PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT


    AGE CONFLICT IMPORTANT OUTCOME
    EVENTS
    1. INFANCY Trust vs. Mistrust Feeding, HOPE/WITHDRAWAL
    0-23 months Abandonment
    2. EARLY Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Toilet Training, WILL/COMPULSION
    CHILDHOOD 2-4 yrs. old Clothing self
    3. PRESCHOOL/ Initiative vs. Guilt Exploration, using PURPOSE/
    PLAY AGE 4-5 yrs. old tools or making art INHIBITION
    4. SCHOOL AGE Industry vs. Inferiority School, Sports COMPETENCY/
    5 to 12 yrs. old INERTIA
    5. ADOLESCENCE Identity vs. Role Confusion Social Relationship FIDELITY/
    13 to 19 years old REPUDIATION
    6. YOUNG Intimacy vs. Isolation Romantic LOVE/
    ADULTHOOD 20-39 yrs. old Relationships DISTANTIATION
    7. MIDDLE Generativity vs. Stagnation Parenthood, Work
    ADULTHOOD 40-64 yrs. old Oriented
    8. ADULT AGE/ Ego Integrity vs. Despair Reflection on life WISDOM/DISDAIN
    MATURITY 65- death

    ALBERT BANDURA SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY


    - Importance of observing, modelling, and imitating the behaviors, attitudes and emotional reactions of others

    WU WEI- means to do nothing


    JUS SANGUINIS- citizenship in accordance to blood relation

    RIGHTS- legal, social, ethical principles of freedom or entitlement


    ECONOMIC SELF- how people maintain extensions of themselves through material possession and maintenance of
    particular lifestyles
    ECONOMIC SELF-SUFFICIENCY- earning a total family income at a level that enable a family unit to support itself
    without receipt of a cash assistance grant
    WANT- luxuries, do not warrant necessity
    NEEDS- survival, purchase out of necessity

    BIOLOGICAL SELF- the one’s assignment upon birth and is dependent on physical feature
    GENDER- characteristics of a women, man, girls and boys that are socially constructed
    TRANSGENDER- the term for people has gender identity or gender expression that differs from the sex that they were
    assigned at birth
    FLUID- a person whose gender is flexible regarding the sex with which they identify

    SEXUAL SELF- how you understand your body and how we understand our relationship
    HETEROSEXUAL- straight, attracted to opposite sex, male to female, female to male
    GAY- male to male
    LESBIAN- female to female
    HOMOSEXUAL- gay/lesbian, attracted to same sex
    BISEXUAL/BI- attracted to both female and male
    PANSEXUAL- attracted to other people regardless of their sex or gender identity
    ASEXUAL- ace, don’t feel sexually attracted to anyone and feel no desire to have sex

    LIBIDO- minds energy according to SIGMUND FREUD


    NONAGE- inability to use one’s own understanding without another’s guidance
    ESOTERIC- requiring or exhibiting knowledge that is restricted to a small group, difficult to understand

    APPERCEPTION- a person make sense of an idea by assimilating it to the body of ideas he or she already have
    NARCISSITIC PERSONALITY DISORDER- enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior characterized by self-
    centeredness, lack of empathy and exaggerated sense of self experiences

    REPRESSION- defense mechanism employed by the ego


    DISPLACEMENT- satisfying an impulse by using another object

    STRESS- a normal reaction the body has when changes occur, resulting in physical, emotional and intellectual responses
    STRESSOR- an event or situation that causes stress

    MATERIAL CULTURE- physical output of the society

    CONTRACEPTION- birth control, prevention or conception or impregnation


    CONTRACEPTIVE DIAPHRAGM- circular dome made of thin, soft silicone that’s inserted into the vagina before sex
    CONTRACEPTIVE DATCH- small sticky patch that releases hormones into your body through your skin to prevent
    pregnancy

    FEMALE CONDOM- made from soft, thin synthetic latex or latex. They worn inside the vagina to prevent semen getting
    to the womb.
    VAGINAL RING- a small soft plastic ring that you place in your vagina. It releases continuous dose of the hormone’s
    estrogens and progestogen into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy.

    IUD- small T-shaped plastic and copper device that’s put into your wombs by a doctor or nurse.
    FEMALE STERILIZATION- an operation to permanently prevent pregnancy. The fallopian tubes are blocked or sealed.
    VASECTOMY- surgical procedure to cut or seal the tubes that carry a man’s sperm to permanently prevent pregnancy

    CONSTITUTION- fundamental law of the land


    BILL OF RIGHTS- enumeration of the individual rights
    CIVIL RIGHTS- guarantees of equal social opportunities and protection under the law, regardless of race, religion, or
    other characteristics.

    CONFUCIUS- greatest philosopher of CHINA


    MENCIUS- student of CONFUCIOUS who believed in the GOOD NATURE OF MEN
    PLATO- author of THE REPUBLIC
    ST. AGUSTIN- author of THE CITY OF GOD
    CHARLES COOLEY- Looking Glass Self
    HERBERT SPENCER- author of the FITTEST THEORY
    THOMAS HOBBES- author of THE LEVIATHAN

    ATHEISM- they deny the presence of metaphysical beliefs in God


    MONOTHEISM- belief in ONE GOD
    POLYTHEISM- belief in MANY GODS

    HINDUISM- oldest religion


    KARMA- result of one action
    AHIMSA- principle of non- violence
    NIRVANA- ultimate goal of Buddhism
    SAMSARA- continuous rebirth which is the foundation of caste system

    VEDA- holy book of Hinduism


    BRAHMA- God of Hindu
    LAO TZE- philosopher of Taoism

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