Science 5

Science – Grade 5
Quarter 4 – Self Learning Module 2: Compare Mechanical from Chemical
Weathering!

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Pejay B. Sasotona
Editor: Mrs. Helen C. Jagmis
Reviewers: Liza A. Alvarez
Illustrator: Edison Clet
Layout Artist: Margie A. Rosario
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez(Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao(AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD(MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD(Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. TagulaoEdD(Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 5
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 2
Compare Mechanical from Chemical
Weathering
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 5 Self-Learning Module 2 on Compare Mechanical

from Chemical Weathering!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 6 Self-Learning Module 2 on Compare Mechanical

from Chemical Weathering!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest–This measure how much you have learned from the

entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

After going through this self-learning module, it is expected that you will be
able to:
1. compare mechanical from chemical weathering;
2. construct a graphic organizer showing the comparison between
mechanical and chemical weathering; and
3. suggest ways on how to make use of the benefits of weathering.

PRETEST

Directions: Identify what is being described in each sentence. Write whether

mechanical weathering or chemical weathering on the blank.

_______________1. The weathering process may occur in mountains of tundra

or hot deserts.

_______________2. Acidic rain reacts with the rock forming clay and soluble

salts.

_______________3. The rocks break due to change in temperature from high

to low and vice versa.

_______________4. Weathering happens especially in places where there is

little soil and few plants grow.

_______________5. The examples of this weathering are solution, hydrolysis

and oxidation.
 RECAP

Directions: List down the examples of weathering for each type. Write your
answer on the blank.

WEATHERING
Physical Chemical Biological
1. 1. 1.
2. 2. 2.

3. 3.

LESSON

Yesterday we have defined what is weathering and identify its types. In

this module, we are going to deepen our understanding about physical and
chemical weathering and the processes they undergo before reaching the final
stage which is of becoming a soil. Let us study the chart below.

• Freeze-thaw (ice
Physical wedging)
(Mechanical)
• Exfloiation
(abrasion)

• Solution
WEATHERNG Chemical • Hydrolysis
• Oxidation

• Plants
Biological • Animals
• Human Bengs

Figure 1: Diagram of Weathering and its types.

 Let us study Figure 2 (Physical/ Mechanical Weathering Process) and
Figure 3 (Chemical Weathering Process) below. Try to compare the details of
the weathering process by looking at the factors that causes the breaking
down of rocks to happen.

Physical/ Mechanical Weathering

Cause Process Result
Water penetrates in
the cracks of the
rocks. Repeated
Freeze-thaw (ice Change in temperature Breaking of
freezing and melting
wedging) and weather condition. rocks
of water in the cracks
make the rock to
expand and break.
One rock bump Breaking of
Exfoliation (abrasion) Gravity
against another rock. rocks
Figure 2:The Physical/ Mechanical Weathering Process

Chemical Weathering
Cause Process Result
Limestone is
weathered by Stalactites and
rainwater containing stalagmites
Solution Acid Rain dissolved CO2, (this
end result: soil
process is
sometimes called
carbonation).

takes place when

acid rain reacts with
rock-forming Rock formation
minerals such as
Hydrolysis Acid Rain end result: soil
feldspar to produce
clay and salts that
are removed in
solution.

Iron in the rocks Coloring of rocks

Chemical
Oxidation Reaction react with oxygen end result: soil
forming a color
(rust) in the stone.

Figure 3: The Chemical Weathering Process

 Let us try to compare the physical/ mechanical weathering and
chemical weathering in terms of the process and end result using the Venn
Diagram below.

Chemical
Weathering
Physical/Mechanical
Weathring Process:
Process: 1. Limestone is
weathered by
1. Water penetrates rainwater containing
in the cracks of the

Production
dissolved CO2.
rocks. Repeated

of soil
freezing and melting 2. Acid rain reacts
of water in the cracks with rock-forming
make the rock to minerals such as
expand and break. feldspar to produce
clay and salts that are
2. One rock bump removed in solution.
against another rock
due to the force of 3. Iron in the rocks
gravity. react with oxygen
forming a color (rust)
in the stone

Figure 4: The diagram of Physical and Chemical Weathering showing its process and result.

By just merely looking at the chart, whatever process the rocks undergo
given the different kind of factors, it all ends up in the breaking down of rocks
into smaller pieces. As the process continue in the long run, the end result
will always be the production of soil.

The Benefits of Weathering

Although weathering breaks the rock into pieces, it has also an
advantage that could help us and our environment in different way. The
following are just few of the benefits we can get from weathering.
1. Provides sedimentary rocks.
2. Removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
3. Creates nutrient-rich soil that allows plants and trees to grow.
4. Makes life possible on earth by providing surface to live in.
 ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: Let’s Compare!

Direction: Complete the table below by filling out the example of process of
weathering for each type.

TYPES OF WEATHERING

Process Chemical Process

Physical/
Mechanical

1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3

ACTIVITY 2: Make your Graphic Organizer

Directions: Choose one example for both physical and chemical weathering.
Construct a graphic organizer that show its comparisons in terms of process
and results.
ACTIVITY 3: List me Up!
Directions: Aside from the benefits of weathering enumerated from our
lesson, what else do you think are the other benefits of weathering? List down
five (5) below.
1. _____________________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________________

WRAP UP

Directions: Study the graphic organizer below. Fill in the blanks with the
correct information to complete the figure.

Physical/ • __________________
Mechanical • __________________
Result:
Weathering

• _________________
Chemical • _________________
Weathering • _________________

Directions: What are the things that you have learned from our lessons
today. Write your answers on the blanks below.

Today, I have learned that _________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________
 VALUING

Soil plays a vital role in the existence of life today on earth. If there is
no soil, our place would be a vast composition of rocks where plants cannot
grow and support life. According to studies, soils grow one inch yearly. But in
one flash flood, soils can be eroded up to five meters.

Directions: Due to rapid soil erosion, how are you going to conserve our soil
from diminishing? Write your answer in one paragraph.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

POSTTEST

Directions: Identify what is being described in each sentence. Write PW for

physical weathering and CW for chemical weathering on the blank.

_______________1. This chemical process occurs more rapidly at higher

temperature such as in warm regions and damp climates.

_______________2. This is caused by an acid rain water reacting with the

mineral grains in rocks to form new minerals such as clay

and soluble salts.

_______________3. Weathering happens when a rock is exposed to a changing

temperature and weather condition.

_______________4. Weathering happens especially in places where there is

little soil and few plants grow, such as in mountain

regions and hot deserts.

_______________5. This type of weathering is the first stage in the production

of soils especially hydrolysis and oxidation.

PRETEST
1. mechanical weathering
2. chemical weathering
3. mechanical weathering
4. mechanical weathering
5. chemical weathering
RECAP
WEATHERING
Physical Chemical Biological
1. Freeze-thaw 1. solution 1. plants
2. animals/
2. Exfoliation 2. hydrolysis human
3.oxidation 3. algae, bacteria
Activity 1
TYPES OF WEATHERING
Process Chemical Process
Physical/
Mechanical
Water penetrates in the
cracks of the rocks. Limestone is weathered by rainwater containing
Freeze- Repeated freezing and dissolved CO2, (this process is sometimes called
Solution
thaw melting of water in the carbonation).
cracks make the rock to
expand and break.
One rock bump against
Exfoliation
another rock. Hydrolysis takes place when acid rain reacts with rock-forming
minerals such as feldspar to produce clay and salts
that are removed in solution.
Iron in the rocks react with oxygen forming a color
Oxidation (rust) in the stone.
Activity 2 and Activity 3 (Answers may vary)
WRAP UP
PHYSICAL WEATHERING
1. Water penetrates in the cracks of the rocks. Repeated freezing and melting of water in the cracks make the
rock to expand and break.
2. One rock bump against another rock.
CHEMICAL WEATHERING
1. Limestone is weathered by rainwater containing dissolved CO2, (this process is sometimes called
carbonation).
2. takes place when acid rain reacts with rock-forming minerals such as feldspar to produce clay and salts that
are removed in solution.
3. Iron in the rocks react with oxygen forming a color (rust) in the stone.
RESULT: SOIL
VALUING: (ANSWERS MAY VARY)
POST TEST: 1. PW 2. CW 3. PW 4. PW 5. CW
KEY TO CORRECTION
 References
Internet

Centre, Scottish Sensory. “British Sign Language Glossaries of Curriculum

Terms.” Freeze-Thaw Weathering Definition. Accessed August 7, 2020.
http://www.ssc.education.ed.ac.uk/BSL/geography/freezethawd.html.

“File:VU0K1843 (39985550).Jpg.” Wikimedia Commons, n.d. Accessed

August 7, 2020.
“Geological Exfoliation of Rock.” Wikimedia Commons. Accessed August 7,
2020.https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GeologicalExfoliationOfGra
niteRock.jpg.

“Hydrolysis.” The Geological Society. Accessed August 11, 2020.

https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/ks3/gsl/education/resources/rockcycle/page3
566.html.

“Mechanical Weathering.” Wikimedia Commons. Accessed August 7, 2020.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mechanical_weathering.png.

“Solution Caves.” National Parks Service. U.S. Department of the Interior.

Accessed August 7, 2020. https://www.nps.gov/subjects/caves/solution-
caves.htm.

Time, Forest. “Advantages & Disadvantages of Weathering.” Advantages &

Disadvantages of Weathering |, July 14, 2020.
https://www.ehow.co.uk/info_8480995_advantages-disadvantages-
weathering.html.

“Weathering.” The Geological Society. Accessed August 7, 2020.

https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/ks3/gsl/education/resources/rockcycle/page3
461.html.

“Weathering.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, July 29, 2020.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weathering.