Tokai Corporate Video

MS IEC 62305:2007 Standards Addressing Effective Earthing and Lightning

Protection Design and Concept Workshop

 Welcome Speech by Ir KT Lim, IEM

 Introduction Speech by Dato’Jimmy Lim, Tokai
 Introducing of Co Speakers and Tokai’s Team Present
 Tokai’s Company Profile Video
 Introduction of Course Topic of MS IEC 62305 and Comparison between the MS IEC 62305 and
the BS 6651:1999 by Martin Teh
 PART 1 of MS IEC 62305 : General Principles by Thomas Yeo
 PART 2 of MS IEC 62305 : Risk Assessment by Martin Teh
 Special Program : Lucky Draw
 PART 3 of MS IEC 62305 : Physical Damage to Structure and Life Hazard by Martin Teh
 PART 4 of MS IEC 62305 : Electrical and Electronic System Within a Structure by Thomas Yeo
 Projects Case Studies by Dato Jimmy Lim
 Question & Answers
 Souvenir Presentation and Closing of Workshop by Ir Roger Wong
 Introduction to MS IEC 62305: Part 1-4

MS IEC 62305: Part 1 MS IEC 62305: Part 2

1. Summary of Part 1 – 4S, 3D and 4L

General Principles: 2. Probable Average Annual Loss
3. Lightning flash density
1. Damages due to lightning 4. Risk and risk components.
2. Need for lightning protection 5. Composition of risk components.
3. Protection measures 6. Factors affecting risk components.
4. Basic criteria for protection 7. Evaluation procedures
8. Partitioning of structures
9. RA by Jupiter software

MS IEC 62305: Part 3 MS IEC 62305: Part 4

FIVE TOPICS OF PART 3: 1. Terms and definitions

2. Lightning electromagnetic impulse
• Class of LPS
3. Basic protection measures in an
• Internal LPS
LPMS
• External LPS
4. Management of an LPMS
• Natural components
5. Case studies
• Maintenance & inspection
The Difference Between BS 6651:1999 and
the current MS IEC 62305:2007 Standards
Key changes: BS 6651 and MS IEC 62305
BS 6651 MS IEC 62305: Part 1-4
Comprehensive Risk Management calculation
Simple Risk Assessment provided with
based on characteristics of structure such as
basic guidelines given but owners to
type of construction, contents, type of
decide based on self evident situations
service and presence of people.
(structural damage only)
(resulting in FOUR classes of LPS)
Annual testing and maintenance Maintenance and testing cycle to be
recommended established in the design of new LPS and
as a matter of practice through a lightning audit for existing
but not integrated facilities. LPS forms part of the client’s
into owners maintenance cycle. planned maintenance programme.
Transient Overvoltage (Surge) Transient Overvoltage (Surge) protection
protection in Appendix E incorporated in main standard – detailed in
(informative) MS IEC 62305 Part 4
Components made from materials of
Components made and tested in
dimensions in accordance with
accordance with BS EN 50164 standard
Tables 2-4 in Section 7
IEC 62305 / BS EN 62305
Part 1:
General Principles

• Damages due to lightning

• Need for lightning protection
• Protection measures
• Basic criteria for protection
MS IEC 62305-1: Section 5.1
4S 3D 4L
Sources and types of damage on a structure

1. Lightning current is the SOURCE of damage to a

STRUCTURE and a SERVICE... S1, S2, S3 and S4.

2. Types of damage caused by lightning... D1, D2, and D3

3. Types of losses caused by lightning... L1, L2, L3 and L4.

MS IEC 62305-1: Section 5.1
4S
Sources of damage to a structure

S1 – flashes to a structure
S2 – flashes near a structure
S3 – flashes to the services connected to the structure
S4 – flashes near the services connected to the structure
MS IEC 62305-1 : Section 5.1.2 Sources of damage…
S1
S1 :
Lightning Flashes
to the
supplied structure

D1 – injury of living beings due

to touch and step voltages
D2 – physical damage (fire, explosion, mechanical destruction,
chemical release) due to lightning current effects including sparking
D3 – failure of internal systems due to LEMP
MS IEC 62305-1 : SOURCE OF DAMAGES…
S2
S2 :
Lightning Flashes
near the
supplied structure

D3 - effects of resistive and inductive coupling could cause

surges to electronic components to fail or get damaged.
MS IEC 62305-1 : SOURCE OF DAMAGES…
S3
S3 :
Lightning Flashes
to a service
connected to structure

D1 – injury to people by touch potential inside structure caused by

lightning currents transmitted through the connected service
D2 – fire or explosion triggered by sparks caused by overvoltages
transmitted through the connected service
D3 – failure of electronic systems due to the secondary effects of
lightning appearing on connected lines and transmitted to the structure.
MS IEC 62305-1 : SOURCE OF DAMAGES…
S4
S4 :
Lightning Flashes
near a service
connected to structure

D3 - Failure or malfunction of electronic systems due to

overvoltages induced on connected lines and transmitted
to the structure.
MS IEC 62305-1: Section 5.1
3D
Types of damage to a structure

D1 – injury to living beings due to touch & step voltages

D2 – physical damage (fire, explosion, mechanical
destruction, chemical release) due to lightning current
effects including sparking
D3 – failure of internal systems due to LEMP
MS IEC 62305-1 : Damages due to lightning

Damage to a structure
• Lightning can cause damage to the structure, or to its
occupants, including failure of internal systems
• Damages and failures can also extend to its
surroundings
• Scale of damage depends on characteristics of
structure and characteristics of the lightning flash
MS IEC 62305-1 : Damages due to lightning

Effects of lightning on a structure

MS IEC 62305-1 : Damages due to lightning

Effects of lightning on a structure..contd

MS IEC 62305-1 : Damages due to lightning

Damage to a service
• Lightning can cause damage to the physical means
used to provide service (e.g. lines or pipes)
• It can also cause damage to connected electrical and
electronic equipment
• Scale of damage depends on characteristics of
service, on the type of electrical & electronic systems,
and characteristics of the lightning flash
MS IEC 62305-1 : Damages due to lightning

Effects of lightning on a service

MS IEC 62305-1: Section 5.1
4L
Types of losses due to lightning

L1 – loss of human life

L2 – loss of service to the public
L3 – loss of cultural heritage
L4 – loss of economical value (structure & its content,
service & loss of activity
MS IEC 62305-1 : Section 5.3 Type of LOSS:
L1
L1 – loss of human life - 1 in 100,000
Tolerable risk to be less than
1 in 100,000 as in table 7
of MS IEC 62305 Part 2:
section 5.4
MS IEC 62305-1 : Types of damage (D1) - Loss of life
L1
Step and touch potential…

D1 – Injuries to living beings due to step and touch voltages

MS IEC 62305-1 : Effects of lightning strikes…
L1
Injuries caused by lightning
flowing into human bodies
MS IEC 62305-1 : General principles Types of LOSS:
L2
L2 – loss of service to the public - 1 in 1,000

Tolerable risk to be
less than 1 in 1,000
as in table 7 of MS
IEC 62305 Part 2.
MS IEC 62305-1 : Physical damages…
L2
Types of damage - Physical

D2 – Physical damage (fire, explosion, mechanical destruction

etc.) due to lightning current effects in a thunderstorm.
MS IEC 62305-1: Types of LOSS:
L3 L4
Tolerable risk to be less than 1 in 1,000 as in table 7
of MS IEC 62305 Part 2.

L3 – loss of cultural heritage L4 – Loss of economic value

MS IEC 62305-1 : Electrical damages…
L3
Types of damage - Electronics

D3 – Failure of sensitive electronics due to inductive and resistive

couplings of induced lightning impulses.
MS IEC 62305-1

Need for protection

In order to determine the need for protection, risk

assessment in accordance to MS IEC 62305-2 must be
conducted to take into account:
R1 – risk of loss of human life
R2 – risk of loss of services to the public
R3 – risk of loss of cultural heritage
MS IEC 62305-1

Protection measures

Protection measures to reduce injury to living beings due to

touch & step voltages
Protection measures to reduce physical damage
Protection measures to reduce failure of electrical &
electronic systems
MS IEC 62305-1 : Section 7.1 Lightning protection measures.

Protection measures to reduce injury of living beings due to

touch and step voltages…

-Adequate insulation of exposed conductive parts

-Equipotentialization by means of a meshed earthing system

-Physical restrictions and warning notices.

MS IEC 62305-1 : Section 7.1 Lightning protection measures.

Protection measures to reduce physical damage…

For structures.. - Lightning protection systems (LPS)

For services… - shielding wires

Protection measures to reduce failure of electronic and

electrical systems…
For structures.. – earthing and bonding measures including
coordinated SPD protection.
For services… - SPDs at different locations along the line
terminations.
MS IEC 62305-1

Basic criteria for protection

Lightning protection level (LPL)

Lightning protection zones (LPZ)
MS IEC 62305-1 : Lightning current parameters
MS IEC 62305-1 : Section 8.2 Lightning Protection Zones…

LPZ (Lightning Protection Zone)

LPZ Oa – The zone where the threat is due to the direct lightning
flash and the full lightning electromagnetic field.

LPZ Ob – The zone protected against direct lightning flashes but the
threat is the full lightning electromagnetic field.

LPZ 1 – The zone where the surge current is limited by SPDs installed
especially inside structures or buildings.
LPZ 2 – The zone where the surge current may be further limited by
additional SPDs installed within the boundary, e.g. Distribution
boards and cabinets.
MS IEC 62305-1 Lightning Protection Zones

Direct hit of lightning is possible thus objects

must be capable of carrying the full lightning
current. The electromagnetic field is strong
and dangerous

A direct hit is not possible in this zone due to

zone of protection provided by rolling sphere
principle though the full electromagnetic field
is present. This zone is provided by the
external LPS.

LPZ1 - Direct hit is not possible and lightning

currents in all conducting components are
lower than LPZOa and LPZOb. This zone is
normally inside the shelter.

LPZ2 – Lightning current are even more

reduced and the additional protection
components installed here forms the fine
protection system in distribution boards.
MS IEC 62305-1 Lightning Protection Zones
MS IEC 62305-1 Lightning Protection Zones
MS IEC 62305-1 : Recap

General principles

Sources & damages to a structure or service (4S, 3D, 4L)

Need for protection

Basic criteria for protection

LPL & LPZ

BSEN 62305
Part 2:
Risk Management

1. Summary of Part 1 – 4S, 3D and 4L

2. Probable Average Annual Loss
3. Lightning flash density
4. Risk and risk components.
5. Composition of risk components.
6. Factors affecting risk components.
7. Evaluation procedures
8. Partitioning of structures
9. RA by Jupiter software
MS IEC 62305-2 1. Summary of 4S, 3D and 4L: ..

Sources of damage,
type of damage and
types of losses
according to point
of strike…
MS IEC 62305-2 – Risks and risk components (I)

Table 2: Risk in a structure for each type of damage and of loss..

Types of losses Types of risks

L1 – Loss of human life R1 – Risk of loss of human life

L2 – Loss of service R2 – Risk of loss of service

L3 – Loss of cultural heritage R3 – Risk of loss of cultural heritage

L4 – Loss of economic value R4 – Risk of loss of economic value

To evaluate the risks R, the relevant risk components shall be defined and calculated.
Risk components are PARTIAL risks depending on the source and type of damage.
Risk R is the value of a PROBABLE, AVERAGE ANNUAL LOSS.
MS IEC 62305-2 Probable average annual loss

In catastrophic modelling, Average annual loss or AAL

refers to the expected loss per year averaged over
many years.

R1 – risk of loss of human life or permanent injuries

R2 – risk of loss of services to the public
R3 – risk of loss of cultural heritage
R4 – risk of loss of economic value Y1
Y2
Y3
Y4

AY(1 – 4)
MS IEC 62305-2

LIGHTNING FLASH DENSITY AND THUNDESTORM DAYS

• differing lightning activity from country to country

Flash Density Ng ≈ 0.1 x Td

In Malaysia, the ave no of days with lightning is 240 which is 24 strikes per
sq. km per year OR 2 strikes per month.
Lightning Threats from 2010 to 2013

Pulau Langkawi (154)

Alor Setar (203) Kota Bharu (187)
Kuala Krai (181)
Butterworth (219) Kuala Trengganu (214)
Bayan Lepas (248)

Ipoh (134)
Cameron Highlands (72)

Sitiawan (239)
Kuantan (192)
Kuala Lumpur (280) Temerloh (178)
Subang (267) Bandar Muadzam Shah(199)
Petaling Jaya (71)
Mersing (220)
Melaka (229)
Kluang (167)
Senai (125)

* Source : Meteorological Department, Malaysia.

MS IEC 62305-2 - SABAH

(102)
(142)

(141)

(154)

(97)

* Source : Meteorological Department

In Brunei/East Malaysia, the average number of days with lightning from 2010 to 2013
is 140 which is equivalent to Ng = 14.0 strikes per sq. km per year.

Lightning Threats (2000-2011)

(114)

(211)

(100)

(250)
(209)

* Source : Meteorological Department

MS IEC 62305-2 – Risks and risk components (I)

To evaluate the risks R, the relevant risk components shall be defined and calculated.
Risk components are PARTIAL risks depending on the source and type of damage.
Risk R is the value of a PROBABLE, AVERAGE ANNUAL LOSS.

What are the factors to look at in evaluating the risks components?

1. Risk components according to the sources of lightning.

2. Risk components according to the types of damage
3. Compositions of item 1.
4. Factors influencing risk components – 15
5. Partitioning of structures
6. Procedures of risk evaluation
7. RA by Jupiter software
MS IEC 62305-2 – Risk components for a structure...

RISK COMPONENTS FOR A STRUCTURE DUE TO FLASHES TO THE STRUCTURE.

Ra – component related to injury to living beings caused by step and touch

voltages in the zones up to 3m outside the structure. Type of loss - L1
Rb – component related to physical damage caused by dangerous sparking inside
the structure triggering fire or explosion. Type of loss - L1, L2, L3 and L4
Rc – component related to failure of internal systems caused by LEMP.
Type of loss - L1 and L4

RISK COMPONENTS FOR A STRUCTURE DUE TO FLASHES NEAR THE STRUCTURE.

Rm – component related to failure of internal systems caused by LEMP.

Type of loss – L2 and L4
MS IEC 62305-2 – Risk components for a service...

RISK COMPONENTS FOR A STRUCTURE DUE TO FLASHES TO A SERVICE CONNECTED

TO THE STRUCTURE.

Ru – component related to injury to living beings caused by touch voltage inside

the structure due to lightning current injected in a line entering the structure.
Rv – component related to physical damage caused by dangerous sparking between
external installation and metallic parts generally at the entrance point of the line
into the structure due to lightning current transmitted through or along incoming
services. Type of loss - L1, L2, L3 and L4
Rw – component related to failure of internal systems caused by overvoltages
induced on incoming lines and transmitted into the structure.
Type of loss – L2 and L4
RISK COMPONENTS FOR A STRUCTURE DUE TO FLASHES NEAR A SERVICE
CONNECTED TOTHE STRUCTURE.

RZ – component related to failure of internal systems caused by overvoltages

induced on incoming lines and transmitted into the structure.
Type of loss – L2 and L4
MS IEC 62305-2 – Composition of risk components...

R1 (Risk of loss of human life) = (Ra + Rb + Rc + Rm) + (Ru + Rv + Rw + Rz)

R2 (Risk of loss of service) = (Rb + Rc + Rm) + (Rv + Rw + Rz) - No Ra

R3 (Risk of loss of cultural heritage) = (Rb + Rv)

MS IEC 62305-2 – Factors influencing risk components
MS IEC 62305-2 – Partitioning of structures into zones...

To assess each risk component, a structure could be

divided into zones each having homogeneous
characteristics.

Zones are mainly defined by…

-Type of soil or of floor

- Fire proof compartments
-Spatial shields
-Layout of internal systems
-Existing protection measures

There are single zones and multi-zone structures.

Zones can also be classified as inside and outside
the building depending on presence of people.
MS IEC 62305-2 – Procedure to evaluate need for protection
MS IEC 62305-2 – Procedure for protection measures...
62305-2 Risk management process:

1.Identification of risk components…Rx

2.Calculation of identified risks, Rx
3.Calculation of total risk, R
4.Identification of tolerable risk… Rt
5.Comparison of risk R with tolerable value Rt

If R < Rt, lightning protection not necessary

If R > Rt, protection measures to be taken

Click the link to connect to Jupiter software:

MS IEC 62305-3
Part 3:

Physical damage
to structures and
life hazard

FIVE TOPICS OF PART 3:

•Class of LPS
•Internal LPS
•External LPS
•Natural components
•Maintenance & inspection
MS IEC 62305-3 Class of LPS:

Each class of LPS is characterized by the following:

- Lightning parameters
- Rolling sphere radius
- Typical distance between down conductors
- Separation distances against dangerous sparking
- Minimum length of earth electrodes
MS IEC 62305-3 External LPS:

External lightning protection

systems consists of the:

-Air termination networks

-Down conductors
-Earth termination networks
and
-Equipotential bonding.
MS IEC 62305-3 External LPS:
MS IEC 62305-3 – Positioning... External LPS:

Based on class III, the protection radius for:

5m pole = 70 degree
10m pole = 62 degree
20m pole = 47 degree
30m pole = 36 degree
MS IEC 62305-3 – Type A & Type B earthing

Type A earthing:
1. Comprises horizontal or vertical earth electrodes arrangements
2. Total no of earth electrodes should not be less than 2.
3. Suitable for low structures.
4. Earth resistance of the earth termination system to be < 10 ohms.

Type B earthing:
1.Comprises a ring conductor external to the structure to be protected
which is in contact with the soil for at least 80% of its total length.
2.This ring should be buried 1m around the external walls and 0.5m depth.
3.Recommended for solid rock, structures with extensive electronic systems
or with high risk of fire.
MS IEC 62305-3 Type B: Earth mesh of a plant:

The buildings (1) and the

tower (2) and the stand-
alone equipment (3) and
the cable trenches (4) are
all interconnected to give
a low impedance earthing
System.
MS IEC 62305-3 External LPS Components
62305-3

Tokai’s Earthing and Lightning Protection System and

TokaiWeld Materials
62305-3

Lightning Protection Components

MS IEC /BS EN 62305

used in LPS
components BS
EN/IEC 50164 series
of standards
62305-3: BS EN 50164

Lightning Protection Components

The published standards being:
BS EN 50164-1:2000 Lightning protection components
(LPC) Part 1: Requirement for connection components

BS EN 50164-2:2002 Lightning protection components

(LPC) Part 2: Requirements for conductors and earth
electrodes
62305-3: BSEN 50164

Lightning Protection Components

BS EN 50164-1 is a performance specification attempt

to simulate actual installation conditions

Preconditioning or environmental exposure followed

by three 100kA 10/350s electrical impulses
(simulating lightning discharge)
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EARTHING & LIGHTNING PROTECTION MATERIAL

Square Tape Clamp Test Result Summary

Type of Material : Copper
Brand : Tokai
Model : TK220
Compliance Standard : BS EN 50164-1
(Refer to Elemko 31178)

Photograph
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EARTHING & LIGHTNING PROTECTION MATERIAL

Exothermic Weld Test Result Summary

Type of Material : Copper
Brand : Tokai
Model : TW/TC
Compliance Standard : BS EN 50164-1
(Refer to Elemko 31075)

Photograph
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EARTHING & LIGHTNING PROTECTION MATERIAL

Earth Rod & Tape Clamp Test Result Summary

Type of Material : Copper

Brand : Tokai
Model : TK100
Compliance Standard : BS EN 50164-1
(Refer to Sirim – 2010CB6663)

Photograph
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EARTHING & LIGHTNING PROTECTION MATERIAL

Tape Clip Test Result Summary

Type of Material : Copper
Brand : Tokai
Model : TK240
Compliance Standard : BS EN 50164-4
(Refer to Elemko 31181)

Photograph
MS IEC 62305-3 Internal LPS:

Internal lightning protection systems

are meant to prevent the occurrence
of dangerous sparking within the
structure to be protected due to
lightning current flowing in the
external LPS of the structure.
MS IEC 62305-3 Internal LPS:

Dangerous sparking may occur between

External LPS and other components such as:

1. Metal installations
2. Internal systems
3. External conductive parts and lines
connected to the structure.

Dangerous sparking can be avoided by means of

1. Equipotential bonding
2. Electrical insulation between parts
3. External conductive parts and lines
connected to the structure.
MS IEC 62305-3 Natural components:

Natural components are:

1.Metal installations with overall electrical

resistance not greater than 0.2 ohms.

2.Metal of the electrically continuous

reinforced concrete framework of
structure
MS IEC 62305-3 Natural components:

Natural components are:

1. The interconnected steel framework of

the structure

2.The façade elements

3. Profile rails.
 62305-3 Maintenance & Inspection of LPS:
Various types of test points and their typical state of corrosion/damage:

Round test point with missing bolts/nuts Imbedded test point with square clamp? Badly corroded test point - water seepage

Signs of corrosion due to water seepage Corroded round test clamp on site Lightning conductor loosed from clamp
MS IEC 62305-3 Maintenance & Inspection

Various types air finials/earth pits and their typical state of corrosion/damage:

Lightning conductor placed incorrectly. Corroded air finial base – poor contact Water seepage down the imbedded conductor

Earth rod without earth pit installation Damaged earth pit . Loose earth pit on turf area.
62305-3 Maintenance & Inspection of LPS:
62305-3 Maintenance & Inspection of LPS:
62305-3 Maintenance & Inspection of LPS:
BSEN 62305

Part 4:
Electrical & Electronic
Systems within structures

1. Terms and definitions

2. Lightning electromagnetic impulse
3. Basic protection measures in an
LPMS
4. Management of an LPMS
5. Case studies
 MS IEC 62305-4

LEMP protection measures system (LPMS)

• Electronic systems susceptible to

damage from exposures to LEMP
• Protection based on LPZ concept
• LPZ zones determine LEMP
severity which withstand levels of
internal systems must take into
account
MS IEC 62305-4

What is LEMP?
Resistive coupling

What is LEMP?

Building A Building B

20 KV to
0V
500 KV
MS IEC 62305-4

What is LEMP?
Resistive coupling

Building A Building B
MS IEC 62305-4

What is LEMP?
Inductive coupling
 MS IEC 62305-4

Building & people

are protected by
Faraday’s cage
 MS IEC 62305-4

Equipment is
protected by
Faraday’s cage
Laptop

DC Supply
MS IEC 62305-4

FARADAY’S “Holes”
OVERHEAD
TELECOM LINES

JUNCTION
BOX

DATA
LINES
Substation

Modem

Laptop
AC
OUTLET

UNDERGROUND POWER
CABLES
MS IEC 62305-4 How Surges Can Travel
MS IEC 62305-4
MS IEC 62305-4

Lightning protection zones (LPZ)

Outer zones
LPZ 0 – zone where internal systems subject to full
or partial lightning surge current
•LPZ 0A – threat due to direct lightning flash where
internal systems subject to full lightning surge
current
•LPZ 0B – threat due to direct lightning flash where
internal systems subject to partial lightning surge
current
MS IEC 62305-4

Lightning protection zones (LPZ)

Inner zones (protected against direct lightning
flashes)

• LPZ 1 – zone where surge current is limited by

current sharing and SPDs at the boundary
• LPZ 2 – zone where surge current may be further
limited by current sharing and by additional SPDs at
the boundary
MS IEC 62305-4

Basic protection measures in an LPMS

• Earthing & bonding

• Magnetic shielding & line routing
• Coordinated SPD protection
MS IEC 62305-4

Earthing & bonding

Suitable earthing & bonding based on complete
earthing system combining:
• Earth termination system
• Bonding network
MS IEC 62305-4

Earthing & bonding

MS IEC 62305-4

Earth termination system

Structure earth termination system shall comply
with MS IEC 62305-3
• Electrical systems – Type A earthing arrangement
may be used but Type B earthing system is
preferable
• Electronic systems – Type B earthing arrangement
is recommended
MS IEC 62305-4

Earth termination system

MS IEC 62305-4

Earth termination system

MS IEC 62305-4

Bonding network
Low impedance bonding network to avoid
dangerous potential differences between all
equipment inside the inner LPZ
• Meshed bonding network integrating conductive
parts of the structure or parts of the internal
systems
• Bonding metal parts or conductive services at the
boundary of each LPZ directly, or by using suitable
SPDs
MS IEC 62305-4

Bonding network
Utilization of reinforcing rods of a structure for
equipotential bonding
MS IEC 62305-4

Bonding network
Equipotential bonding in a structure with steel
reinforcement
MS IEC 62305-4

Magnetic shielding & line routing

Magnetic shielding can reduce the electromagnetic
field as well as the magnitude of induced internal
surges. Suitable routing of internal lines can also
minimize the magnitude of induced internal surges.
• Spartial shielding
• Shielding of internal lines
• Routing of internal lines
• Shielding of external lines
MS IEC 62305-4

Magnetic shielding & line routing

Spartial shielding
• Define protected zones which may cover part or
whole structure, single room or equipment
enclosure only
• Recommended where it is more practical or useful
to protect a defined zone of a structure instead of
several individual pieces of equipments
• Useful if implemented in the early planning stage
of a new structure
• Retrofitting of existing installations may result in
higher costs and greater technical difficulties
MS IEC 62305-4

Magnetic shielding & line routing

Shielding of internal lines
• May be restricted to cabling and equipment of the
system to be protected
• Magnetic shield of cables, closed metallic cable
ducts & metallic enclosure of equipment are used
for this purpose
MS IEC 62305-4

Magnetic shielding & line routing

Routing of internal lines
•Suitable routing of internal lines minimizes
inductive loops and reduces the creation of surge
voltages internal to the structure
•Loop area can be minimize by routing cables close
to natural components of the structure which have
been earthed
MS IEC 62305-4

Magnetic shielding & line routing

Shielding of external lines
•Includes cable shields, closed metallic cable ducts
& concrete cable ducts with interconnected
reinforcement steel
•Sometimes not feasible as works may be outside
the responsibility of the LPMS planner
MS IEC 62305-4

Coordinated SPD protection

Requires systematic approach consisting of coordinated
SPDs for both power & signal lines.
• LPMS system with more than one LPZ (LPZ 1, LPZ 2 &
higher), SPDs should be located at the entrance of each
LPZ
• Additional SPDs may be required if the distance between
the location of the SPD and the equipment being protected
is long (Annex D)
• SPDs test requirement shall comply with:
- IEC61643-1 for power systems
- IEC61643-21 for telecommunications & signal systems
 MS IEC 62305-4

Management of an LPMS
• Design of protection systems for the internal systems should be
carried out during the building design stage and before construction
• Cost of retrofitting to existing structures is generally higher then that
of the cost of new structures
• Proper protection can be achieved if
- provisions are defined by a lightning protection expert
- good coordination exists between the different experts
involved (e.g. civil& electrical engineers)
• Initial risk assessment (MS IEC62350-2) is required to determine the
required protection measures needed to reduce the risk to a tolerable
level
MS IEC 62305-4 Management of an LPMS
MS IEC 62305-4

Common Installation Concepts

 MS IEC 62305-4 Installation Concepts

All cables that enter or leave the building:

Mains power

Data communication and

local area network cables

Telephone lines

CCTV, Satellite,
TV and
antenna cables

Power
supply
local to
important
equipment

Electronic equipment
outside the main buildings Where to apply protection
MS IEC 62305-4

KL Tower
How The KL Tower
Guard House CCTV
Was Damaged by
Lightning

Guard House

CCTV
MS IEC 62305-4 OVERVIEW OF CCTV SYSTEM
Frequently damaged equipments:
•Multiplexer or controllers
•Decoders
•Cameras CCTV
Air Terminal
•Monitors Camera
Decoder

Power
DB

MULTIPLEXER 45o

MONITOR MONITOR MONITOR

AC Outlet
MAIN CONTROL ROOM

Ground
level
 MS IEC 62305-4

GUARD HOUSE

MAIN ALARM PANEL (MAP) TNB Sub-Station

GAS SYSTEM
GAS SYSTEM

ac supply CO2 Panel

POWER
ESP
DB
FIRE
DETECTOR

ESP
DETECTOR

ESP
MIMIC
CO2 INDICATOR FROM MAP
ESP
ESP
ESP
ESP

ESP

ESP
ESP

UNDERGROUND
CABLE

GENSET ROOM
GAS SYSTEM

DETECTOR ac supply CO2 Panel

 MS IEC 62305-4

EFFECTIVE PROTECTION
FOR FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
GUARD HOUSE
Utility –
M MAIN ALARM PANEL (MAP) HV/LV
TNB Sub-Station
substation room GAS SYSTEM
GAS SYSTEM

ac supply CO2 Panel

POWER
ESP
DB
FIRE
DETECTOR

ESP
DETECTOR

ESP
MIMIC
CO2 INDICATOR FROM MAP
ESP
ESP
ESP
ESP

ESP

ESP
ESP

UNDERGROUND
CABLE

GENSET ROOM
MS IEC 62305-4

Tokai’s Electronic Surge Protection System

 TSP 415 M1
- Three Phase

TSP 240 M1
- Single Phase

Effective protection for power distribution systems

 ADVANCED 60 kA HIGH CURRENT
VOLT FREE 120 kA CAPACITY
CONTACT

TSP 415 M1 & TSP 240 M1 ISO 9001

STATUS INDICATION

L1 L2 L3
FULL MODE
PROTECTION
VISUAL STATUS
MONITORING TESTED TO
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS

INTELLIGENT
WARNING WARNING
If lit/flashing disconnect unit Let-through voltage LOW LET-
LIGHT
& check Neutral to Earth
supply voltage
600V THROUGH
 LET-THROUGH VOLTAGE FOR POWER SURGE
PROTECTOR

6,000 V 600 V
 MODE OF PROTECTION

MAINS POWER SUPPLIES

L1 P

L P
P
L2 P
P
P

N P L3 P
P
E N P

A. SINGLE PHASE SUPPLIES B. THREE PHASE SUPPLIES

• BS EN 62305: 2008
• IEEE C62.41-1992
• AS 1768-1991
• UL 1449
• IEC 61000 - 4-:1995
• NFC 61-740
 TSP
415 M1 = 160 kA
415 M2 = 320 kA

Provides effective protection with higher peak discharge

current ratings
Main Switch Board

Distribution Board
 Summary MS IEC 62305: Part 1-4

MS IEC 62305: Part 1 MS IEC 62305: Part 2

1. Summary of Part 1 – 4S, 3D and 4L

General Principles: 2. Probable Average Annual Loss
3. Lightning flash density
1. Damages due to lightning 4. Risk and risk components.
2. Need for lightning protection 5. Composition of risk components.
3. Protection measures 6. Factors affecting risk components.
4. Basic criteria for protection 7. Evaluation procedures
8. Partitioning of structures
9. RA by Jupiter software

MS IEC 62305: Part 3 MS IEC 62305: Part 4

FIVE TOPICS OF PART 3:

1. Terms and definitions
• Class of LPS 2. Lightning electromagnetic impulse
• Internal LPS 3. Basic protection measures in an
• External LPS LPMS
• Natural components 4. Management of an LPMS
• Maintenance & inspection 5. Case studies
MS IEC 62305-4

Tokai’s Case Studies

Questions and Answers Session
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