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    Reinforced Concrete Column 1

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    reesespufff
    This document discusses reinforced concrete columns and their design. It covers different types of columns based on their slenderness, loading conditions, and reinforcement. Short columns carry axial loads through compression, while long columns are prone to buckling under axial loads. Reinforcement such as ties and spirals improve ductility. Eccentrically loaded columns experience both axial and bending stresses. Design considerations include load capacity, reinforcement ratios, cover, and tie arrangements. Spiral reinforcement provides greater strength and ductility than tied columns.

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    Reinforced Concrete Column 1

    Uploaded by

    reesespufff
    7 views11 pages
    This document discusses reinforced concrete columns and their design. It covers different types of columns based on their slenderness, loading conditions, and reinforcement. Short columns carry axial loads through compression, while long columns are prone to buckling under axial loads. Reinforcement such as ties and spirals improve ductility. Eccentrically loaded columns experience both axial and bending stresses. Design considerations include load capacity, reinforcement ratios, cover, and tie arrangements. Spiral reinforcement provides greater strength and ductility than tied columns.

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    REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMN 1

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    This document discusses reinforced concrete columns and their design. It covers different types of columns based on their slenderness, loading conditions, and reinforcement. Short columns carry axial loads through compression, while long columns are prone to buckling under axial loads. Reinforcement such as ties and spirals improve ductility. Eccentrically loaded columns experience both axial and bending stresses. Design considerations include load capacity, reinforcement ratios, cover, and tie arrangements. Spiral reinforcement provides greater strength and ductility than tied columns.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    7 views11 pages

    Reinforced Concrete Column 1

    Uploaded by

    reesespufff
    This document discusses reinforced concrete columns and their design. It covers different types of columns based on their slenderness, loading conditions, and reinforcement. Short columns carry axial loads through compression, while long columns are prone to buckling under axial loads. Reinforcement such as ties and spirals improve ductility. Eccentrically loaded columns experience both axial and bending stresses. Design considerations include load capacity, reinforcement ratios, cover, and tie arrangements. Spiral reinforcement provides greater strength and ductility than tied columns.

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    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMN


    ● It is a vertical structural member supporting axial compressive
    loads, with or without moments.
    ● Columns support vertical loads from the floors and roof and
    transmit these loads to the foundations.
    ● Reinforced concrete columns are typically made of concrete
    reinforced with steel bars or mesh. The concrete provides
    compressive strength, while the steel reinforcement adds tensile
    strength and helps to resist bending and cracking

    RC VS STEEL COLUMN
    PROPERTIES RC COLUMN STEEL COLUMN

    Strength and Load Good in compression Steel has excellent


    Capacity but relatively weaker strength properties,
    in tension both in compression
    and tension.

    Flexibility and Generally, less Highly ductile and


    Ductility flexible and ductile can undergo
    significant
    deformation before
    failure.

    Construction and Construction involves Fabricated off-site


    Installation formwork installation, and installed onsite,
    reinforcement which can reduce
    placement, pouring of construction time.
    concrete, and curing.

    Fire Resistance Retain structural Steel loses strength


    integrity at high and stiffness at high
    temperatures. temperatures.

    Cost Initial construction Steel can be more


    costs may be lower. expensive.
    ● The reinforced concrete columns are more favorable in terms of
    price, while according to the overall weight, it is most preferable
    to use a steel column, however with a not usually available steel
    profile.
    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    THREE CATERGORIES OF CONCRETE COLUMNS BASED ON


    SLENDERNESS
    1. Short Compression Blocks or Pedestals
    2. Short Reinforced Concrete Columns
    3. Long or Slender Reinforced Concrete Columns

    SHORT COMPRESSION BLOCKS OR PEDESTRALS


    ● A pedestal is a compression member having a height less than
    three times its least lateral dimension. It may be designed with
    unreinforced or plain concrete with a maximum design
    compressive stress equal to 0.85 φ f’c Ag

    SHORT REINFORCED CONCRETE COLOUMNS


    ● The ratio of effective length to the least lateral dimension is less
    than 12 in the short reinforced column. Lef/b <12
    ● Short columns show a little flexibility and fails due to crushing

    SLENDER OR LONG COLUMNS


    ● The ratio of effective length to the least lateral dimension
    exceeds 12 in long columns. Lef / b >12
    ● Long column fails due to the buckling effect, which reduces
    load-bearing capacity.

    DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SHORT COLUMN AND LONG COLUMN


    SHORT COLUMN LONG COLUMN

    Lef / b < 12 Lef / b > 12

    Fails by Crushing Fails by Buckling

    Slenderness Ratio < 45 Slenderness Ratio > 45

    Subjected to Compressive stress Subjected to Buckling stress

    Radius of Gyration is more Radius of Gyration is less

    More Load Capacity Less Load Capacity


    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    CLASSIFICATION OF COLUMNS BASED ON COLUMN TIES


    1. Tied Column
    2. Spiral Column

    TIED COLUMNS
    ● In the tied column, the longitudinal bars are tied together with
    smaller bars spaced at uniform intervals up the column.
    ● Steel ties in the column confine the main longitudinal bars.

    SPIRAL COLUMNS
    ● Spiral columns contain spirals to hold the main longitudinal
    reinforcement.
    ● Spiral is spring-type reinforcement.
    ● Spiral columns are used when high strength and/or high ductility
    are required

    CONCENTRIC VS ECCENTRIC COLUMNS


    ● Concentric Loaded Column - It is a structural element that
    experiences an axial load aligned with its geometric centerline
    creating purely axial stresses within the column.
    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    ● Eccentric Loaded Column - It is a structural element that


    experiences an axial load that is not aligned with its centroid
    creating a moment, leading to bending stresses in addition to the
    axial stresses.

    ECCENTRICITY (e)
    ● Eccentricity (e) is the distance the axial load, Pu, would have to
    be off center of the column to produce Mu. Thus,
    ○ Pue = Mu
    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    BENDING IN COLUMNS
    ● UNI-AXIAL BENDING
    ○ It is the bending acting about a single axis of direction.
    This typically happens in situations where the column is
    eccentrically loaded or when it is part of a frame subjected
    to asymmetrical loading.

    ● BI-AXIAL BENDING
    ○ It is the bending in two orthogonal directions. Analyzing
    columns subjected to biaxial bending requires
    consideration of the combined effects of bending
    moments in both directions, as well as axial compressive
    loads.

    CODE REQUIREMENTS
    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    DESIGN STRENGTH

    LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS

    The percentage of longitudinal reinforcement may not be less


    than 1% and greater than 8% of the gross cross-sectional area of
    a column
    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    COLUMN DIMENSION

    CONCRETE COVER

    MINIMUM SPACING (LONGITUDINAL BARS)


    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    MINIMUM SPACING (TIES)

    TYPICAL TIE ARRANGEMENTS


    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    MINIMAL SPACING (SPIRALS)

    PERMISSIBLE ECCENTRICITY FOR SHORT COLUMNS

    SAFETY PROVISIONS
    ● The values of φ to be used for columns as specified in the ACI
    and NSCP codes - a value of 0.65 is specified for tied columns
    and 0.75 for spiral columns.
    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    ● A slightly larger φ is specified for spiral columns than tied


    columns because of their greater toughness
    ● Lower φ values are desirable for columns because a column
    generally supports a larger part of a structure than does a beam.
    ● To consider the errors such as minimal eccentricities to the actual
    values, it is required that the theoretical axial load capacities be
    multiplied by a factor which is equal to
    ○ 0.85 for spiral columns (0.85Pn)
    ○ 0.80 for tied columns (0.80Pn)

    DESIGN FORMULAS
    COLUMNS - COMBINED AXIAL LOAD AND BENDING

    ECONOMICAL COLUMN DESIGN


    1. Under normal circumstances, a small percentage of steel should
    be used. This can be accomplished using larger column sizes
    and/or higher-strength concretes.
    2. Although there is no precise point of separation between
    high-strength concrete and normal-strength concrete, the ACI
    defines high-strength concrete as concrete with a compressive
    strength greater than 6,000 psi
    3. Grade 60 reinforcing bars are generally used for best economy in
    the columns of most structures.
    4. In general, tied columns are more economical than spiral
    columns.
    5. Using the same column sizes as much as possible on each floor
    level will provide appreciable savings in labor costs.
    6. The usual practice for the columns of multistory reinforced
    concrete buildings is to use one-story-length vertical bars tied
    together in preassembled cages. (For bars 36mm or smaller)
    7. For columns where staggered splice locations are required (for
    larger-size bars), the number of splices can be reduced using
    pre-assembled twostory reinforcing cages.
    8. Unless the least column dimensions or longitudinal bar diameters
    control tie spacings, the selection of the largest practical tie sizes
    will increase their spacings and reduce their number.
    9. In avoiding interior ties, the concrete can be placed more easily
    and lower slumps used.

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