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    Grade 7 Natural Sciences Task 14 1

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    MONIKA RUTH PADILLA
    The document discusses key concepts about heat transfer including conduction, convection, and radiation. It provides examples and demonstrations of these concepts. Specifically, it explains that conduction involves heat transfer through direct contact between solid objects, convection involves the movement of liquids and gases to transfer heat, and radiation can transfer heat without direct contact. It describes experiments that show which materials are good or poor conductors of heat and how convection currents transfer heat in liquids.

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    Grade 7 Natural Sciences Task 14 1

    Uploaded by

    MONIKA RUTH PADILLA
    26 views22 pages
    The document discusses key concepts about heat transfer including conduction, convection, and radiation. It provides examples and demonstrations of these concepts. Specifically, it explains that conduction involves heat transfer through direct contact between solid objects, convection involves the movement of liquids and gases to transfer heat, and radiation can transfer heat without direct contact. It describes experiments that show which materials are good or poor conductors of heat and how convection currents transfer heat in liquids.

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    The document discusses key concepts about heat transfer including conduction, convection, and radiation. It provides examples and demonstrations of these concepts. Specifically, it explains that conduction involves heat transfer through direct contact between solid objects, convection involves the movement of liquids and gases to transfer heat, and radiation can transfer heat without direct contact. It describes experiments that show which materials are good or poor conductors of heat and how convection currents transfer heat in liquids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    26 views22 pages

    Grade 7 Natural Sciences Task 14 1

    Uploaded by

    MONIKA RUTH PADILLA
    The document discusses key concepts about heat transfer including conduction, convection, and radiation. It provides examples and demonstrations of these concepts. Specifically, it explains that conduction involves heat transfer through direct contact between solid objects, convection involves the movement of liquids and gases to transfer heat, and radiation can transfer heat without direct contact. It describes experiments that show which materials are good or poor conductors of heat and how convection currents transfer heat in liquids.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Natural Sciences

    Task 14

    Grade: 7

    Presented By:
    Mrs Young
    Pitlochry Primary School Educator
    Conduction
    absorption

    Heat Energy Radiation

    Convection refection
    Key concepts
    Conduction – heat transferred within or between solid object
    that are in direct contact with each other.
    Convection – liquids and gases are heated by convection
    Radiation – radiation can transfer heat energy even if there
    is no solid object, liquid or gas to carry the energy.
    Heat – is the transfer of thermal energy from a system to its
    surroundings or from one object to another as a result
    of a difference in temperature. Heat is measured in
    joules(J). This is because heat is a transfer of energy.
    Temperature – is the measure of how hot or cold a substance feels and
    it is measured in degrees Celsius. Temperature is a
    measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in
    an object or system. We use a thermometer to measure the
    temperature of an object or substance.
    Heat energy (thermal energy)

    Heating an object is an example of energy transfer. Heat energy is transferred


    from the hotter part of something to the cooler part. The hotter part then
    gets cooler and the cooler parts get warmer.
    To measure the effect of heat transfer on a substance, we find its
    temperature.
    The higher the temperature the more heat energy it contains. Temperature is
    measured in degrees centigrade ( °C)
    When heat energy is transferred from one object to another, this transfer will
    continue until both bodies are the same temperature.
    Heat energy is transferred in three ways: conduction, convection and
    radiation.
    Conduction

    Conduction is the transfer of energy from the hot part


    of a solid to a cooler part.
    The heat energy moves through the solid object. It
    can also move from one solid object to another solid
    object as long as they are physically in contact.

    Heat from a hot cup of coffee is transferred to your


    hands because the cup is in contact with the hot
    coffee and the cup is in direct contact with your hands.
    The heat energy is being conducted through the solid
    material of the cup to your hands.
    Demonstration 1 Conduction
    Aim: To show how heat is conducted in a simple system.
    Hypothesis:
    Equipment: teaspoon
    mug
    boiling water
    stopwatch
    Method: Pour the boiling water I to the mug.
    Place the teaspoon into the boiling water
    Start the stop watch
    Stop the stopwatch when the tip of the spoon is heated up.
    Record your result:
    Conclusion:
    Demonstration 2: Conduction
    Watch this demonstration carefully and then answer the questions in your activity booklet

    This is an illustration of what happens to the


    molecules when a solid is heated.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNZi12OV9Xc

    Write a summary of what you saw in the video.


    Some substances conduct heat more quickly than others. We call these
    good conductors of heat.

    Metals are often good conductors of heat. Some metals, such as copper,
    conduct heat better than others. We use materials that are good
    conductors to make cooking pots as they will allow heat to transfer
    quickly to the food.

    Other materials such as wood and plastic conduct heat very slowly or
    not at all. This makes them useful when we wat to stop heat from
    spreading. We call these materials insulators.
    Demonstration 3 Good conductors

    Demonstration 3 Good conductors


    Aim: Investigate which materials are the best conductors of heat.
    In this experiment we will be placing an ice cube on a wooden block, a
    polystyrene cup, a plastic cup, paper cup and a tin can and observing
    which ice cube melts first.
    Convection
    Convection is the way that heat transfer happens in a liquid or a gas. The
    substance of the liquid or gas moves to carry the heat. This happens because of
    the movement of particles in a fluid.

    Liquids and gases transfer hat mainly by convection. Liquids and gases become
    lighter when they are heated. This causes the heated part to rise. Cooler liquids
    or gases come in from the side to take its place. The heated substance cools as it
    rises away from the heat source. When is cools it sinks back down again. This
    leads to a circulation of the substance that is called the convection current.

    During convection, the substance moves, whereas when heat is transferred by


    conduction the substance does not move.
    Examples of convection
    An eagle that uses updrafts of warm air. It glides
    higher and higher using very little movement of its
    wings. It is using convection currents.

    Heaters are best placed on the floor because warm


    air moves upwards. Air conditioners are best placed
    near the ceiling because cold moves downward.
    Demonstration 4 Convection currents
    Convection currents in water
    Summary
    • Potential energy is energy which is stored.
    • Kinetic energy is energy which an object has because it is moving.
    • Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transferred from
    one part of a system to another.
    • Energy is transferred within systems. The input energy is transferred
    through the system and energy is conserved.
    • There are various energy systems, such as:
    Ø Mechanical systems
    Ø Thermal systems
    Ø Electrical systems
    Ø Biological systems
    • Energy is also transferred between different systems.
    • Heat is energy that is transferred from a hotter to a cooler part.
    • Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold a substance is.
    • Heat (energy transfer) occurs in 3 ways; conduction, convection and
    radiation.
    • During conduction, the objects must be touching each other for
    energy transfer to take place.
    • Some materials such as metals conduct heat well.
    • Some materials, such as plastics and wood, slow down or prevent
    conduction. They are called insulators.
    • Convection is the transfer of energy within liquids or gases.
    • Convection current refers to the movement of a liquid or gas during
    energy transfer. The liquid or gas moves upwards from the heat
    source (as it expands) and then downward as the liquid or gas cools.
    References
    • Top Class Natural Sciences Grade 7, P. Ayerst, D. Smith, M. Hill, Shuter
    and Shooter, 2013
    • Exam Fever Natural Sciences Grade 7, G. Ramlall, M. Maipath, T. Pillay,
    Exam Fever, 2020
    • Explore a world without boundaries Grade 7. Siyavula, Department of
    basic Education
    https://www.pitlochryps.co.za/

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