Class 11 Computer Science Chapter 4

Emerging Trends Chapter 4 Q/A
Q1. List some of the cloud-based services that you are using at present.
Ans. Some of the cloud-based services are :
1. To Store our photographs on Google Drive/One Drive
2. To store our files and documents on Internet as Backup.
3. To host our Website on Internet.
4. Platform as a Service (PaaS) – Online Coding Platforms to practice Python and MySQL.
5. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
6. Software as a Service (SaaS) – Microsoft Office 365
Q2. What do you understand by the Internet of Things? List some of its potential applications.
Ans. The ‘Internet of Things’ is a network of devices that have an embedded hardware and
software to communicate (connect and exchange data) with other devices on the same network.
Some of its potential applications are :
1. To control home devices like CCTV, Microwave, light and fans with the help of Smart Phone.
2. Internet of Things offers farmers to access detailed knowledge and valuable information of
their soil condition.
3. The Internet of things can play an important role in the management of road traffic in large
cities.
Q3. Write short notes on the following:

a) Cloud Computing
b) Big data and its Characteristics
Ans. a) Cloud Computing : It is an emerging trend , where computer-based services ( software,
hardware (servers), databases, storage) are delivered over the Internet or the cloud, and it is
accessible to the user from anywhere using any device. These resources are provided by
companies called cloud service providers and usually charge on a pay per use basis, like the way
we pay for electricity usage.
Big Data : With technology making an inroad into almost every sphere of our lives, data is being
produced at a colossal rate. Today, there are over a billion Internet users, and a majority of the
world’s web traffic is coming from smartphones. This results in the generation of data sets of
enormous volume and complexity called Big Data.
Characteristics of Big Data are :

(A) Volume : The most prominent characteristic of big data is its enormous size.
(B) Velocity : It represents the rate at which the data under consideration are being generated and
stored.
(C) Variety : It asserts that a dataset has varied data, such as structured, semi-structured and
unstructured data.
(D) Veracity : Big data can be sometimes inconsistent, biased, noisy or there can be abnormality
in the data.
(E) Value : Big data is not only just a big pile of data, but also possess to have hidden patterns
and useful knowledge which can be of high business value.
Q4. Explain the following along with their applications.
a) Artificial Intelligence
b) Machine Learning
Ans. a) Artificial Intelligence : Artificial intelligence (AI) endeavours to simulate the natural
intelligence of human beings into machines thus making them intelligent. An intelligent machine
is supposed to imitate some of the cognitive functions of humans like learning, decision making
and problem solving. Google Maps, Alexa, Cortona are examples of AI
b) Machine Learning : Machine Learning is a subsystem of Artificial Intelligence, wherein
computers have the ability to learn from data using statistical techniques, without being explicitly
programmed by a human being.
Q5. What is on-demand service? How it is provided in cloud computing?

Ans. On-demand service is one of the main feature of cloud computing which allows the user to
use the resources of cloud as and when needed. The resources (software, hardware (servers),
databases, storage, etc) of cloud computing are provided by companies called cloud service
providers which usually charge on a pay per use basis, like the way we pay for electricity usage
Q6. If the government plans to make a smart school by applying IoT concepts, how can each of
the following be implemented in order to transform a school into IoT-enabled smart school?
a) e-textbooks
b) Smart boards
c) Online Tests
d) Wifi sensors on classrooms doors
e) Sensors in buses to monitor their location
f) Wearables (watches or smart belts) for attendance monitoring.
Ans. The following things can be implemented in order to transform a school into IoT-enabled
smart school:
a) e-textbooks : These textbook can be checked online. It can be configured in Microsoft Teams
b) Smart boards : These boards can be operated by using Stylus & can be connected to a network
/ Wi fi , So that a teacher can show the video or presentation by mobile.
c) Online Tests : Students can give these tests from home. Tests can be Objective or Subjective
type. Many portals are available to conduct Online Tests.
d) Wifi sensors on classrooms doors : These sensors help to take attendance as students entered
in the class.
e) Sensors in buses to monitor their location : These sensors help the parents and school
management to get to know the real time location of bus.
f) Wearables (watches or smart belts) for attendance monitoring : These wearables help the
school management to mark the attendance as soon as the student enters the school as well as in
a class room.
Q7. How are IoT and WoT related?

Ans. Internet of Things allows us to interact with different devices through Internet with the help
of smartphones or computers, But to interact with ‘n’ number of different devices, we need to
install ‘n’ different apps. Web of Things (WoT) allows use of web services to have one interface
to connect all the devices. IoT along with WoT helps to create smart homes, smart offices, smart
cities and so on.

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Emerging Trends Chapter 4 Q/A

Q3. Write short notes on the following:

Characteristics of Big Data are :

Q5. What is on-demand service? How it is provided in cloud computing?

Q7. How are IoT and WoT related?

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