9

Science
Quarter 3 – EARTH & SPACE
Module 3: Geothermal Energy

CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
Science – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Earth and Science
Module 3: Geothermal Energy
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo, Roland Jayson R. Laurencio
Editor: Loreta E. Santos, Anthony D. Angeles
Reviewers: Anacoreta R. Trogo, Marilou G. Duque, Toribio G. Cruz Jr
Illustators: Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo, Roland Jayson R. Laurencio
Layout Artists: Anthony D. Angeles, Jacqueline E. Libut
Management Team: Malcolm S. Garma, PhD
Genia V. Santos, PhD
Dennis M. Mendoza
Micah S. Pacheco
Josefina M. Pablo, PhD
Manolo C. Davantes Jr., PhD
Dalisay E. Esguerra
Hilda C. Valencia

Printed in the Philippines ________________________

Department of Education – National Capital Region
Office Address: Misamis St. Bago Bantay, Quezon City
Telefax: (632)8929-0153
E-mail Address: depedncr@deped.gov.ph
 9

Science
Quarter 3 – EARTH & SPACE
Module 3: Geothermal Energy
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you
will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the sources and type of energy from the volcano. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow
the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module focuses on achieving this learning competency:

Illustrate how energy from volcanoes may be tapped for human use-
(S9ES-IIIc-d-29).

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the formation of energy from volcanoes;
2. explain how a geothermal energy is transformed into electrical energy;
3. create a concept map showing production of geothermal energy from Earth’s
interior;
4. identify types of volcanoes which can be good sources of geothermal energy;
5. identify the volcanoes in the Philippines which are sources of geothermal
energy;
6. enumerate the uses of energy from volcanoes to human; and,
7. identify the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal energy.

1 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 Lesson
Earth and Space:
1 Geothermal Energy
In Modules 1 and 2, you have learned the different types of volcanoes and
volcanic eruption. You can now explain what happens when a volcano erupts. In this
module, you will be dealing with how the energy coming from volcanoes differ from
other energy sources, identify the type of volcanoes which can be a good source of
geothermal energy, create a diagrammatic representation of geothermal energy flow
in a geothermal power plant, explain how geothermal energy is transformed into
electric energy, and identify the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal
energy.

Here are some key questions for you to ponder after finishing this module:

1. What are the volcanoes in the Philippines that is a good source of geothermal
energy?
2. How is geothermal energy transformed into electrical energy?
3. How can energy from volcanoes be tapped for human use?
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal energy?

What’s In

Let us recall your understanding about volcanic eruption by answering the

given questions. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Describe two ways that volcanoes can change the surrounding

environment rapidly.
2. Describe two ways that the surrounding environment of a volcano can
change over many years.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

4 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 What’s New

Source: DepEd BLR Illustrations

Volcanoes sure are scary when

they erupt, but did you know that
we can tap into its attributes to
our advantage?

This module will make you

appreciate more of our natural
resources and be thankful that
we can use natural energy for
our own consumption.

Source: DepEd BLR Illustrations

Have you ever seen a geothermal power plant?

How does it function as an alternative source of energy?

5 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 What is It

Energy from the Volcano

Since our country is a home to more than a hundred volcanoes, energy has
been tapped from the depths of the Earth. Actually, the Philippines ranks second in
the world’s production of geothermal energy. According to the Department of Energy,
14.4% of the country’s total power of generation is produced from the geothermal
energy. The production of electricity from geothermal energy is cheaper than the
electricity production using natural gas, coal, and hydropower.

What is Geothermal Energy?

The Earth is believed to be extremely hot from within. This heat from the
Earth’s interior is a source of energy called geothermal energy. The heat of the Earth
warms up water which is trapped in rock formations beneath its surface.

There are two Geothermal Systems;

a. Conventional Geothermal System utilizes steam from natural resources such

as geysers or by drawing water from the hot, high-pressure depths of Earth;
and
b. Supercritical Geothermal System a naturally occurring hot water or steams
flows heated by magma and circulating through permeable rock. In volcanic
geothermal energy, the heat comes from supercritical. The energy from
supercritical water is much higher than conventional steam.

How is geothermal energy generated?

Geothermal energy is generated in two ways: geothermal power plants and

geothermal heat pumps. They differ in the depth of heat source to produce energy.

In geothermal power plants, the heat from deep inside the Earth is used to
produce steam to generate electricity. In comparison with geothermal heat pumps, it
uses the heat coming from close to the Earth’s surface to heat water or provide heat
for buildings.

In the Philippines, geothermal power plants are used to generate electricity in

Tiwi (Albay), Kidapawan (North Cotabato), Calaca (Laguna), Tongonan (Leyte), Bago
City (Negros Occidental), Valencia (Negros Oriental), and Bacon (Sorsogon).

Power Plant Volcano Location

Tiwi Goeothermal Power Mt. Malinao Tiwi, Albay

Plant

Mindanao Geothermal Mt. Apo Kidapawan, Cotabato

Production Field

6 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
 Makiling-Banahaw (Mak- Mt. Bulalo and Mt. Laguna
Ban) Geothermal Power Plant Olilia

Leyte Geothermal Power Various Mountains Leyte

Plants (Malitbog, Upper
Mahiao, Mahanagdong,
Tongonan)

Negros Occidental Power Various Mountains, Negros Occidental

Plants (Northern Negros, Northern – Mt. Kanlaon
Palinpinon, Nasulo)
Southern – Mt. Talinis

BacMan Geothermal Power Pocdol Mountains Sorsogon

Stations 1 and 2

The Geothermal Power Plant

Power plants are built in an area where it is particularly hot just below the
surface or near a group of geysers, hot springs, or volcanic activity.

The following steps are followed to generate electricity in a geothermal power

plant:
1. Wells are drilled deep into the earth to pump steam or hot water to the surface.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the water to
turn into steam.
3. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that produces
electricity.
4. Cooling tower cools the steam and condenses it back to water.
5. The cooled water is pumped back into the earth to begin the process again.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

7 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3
More stuff about Volcanoes!

A VOLCANO is an opening in the

Earth’s crust in which molten rock and
fragments came out.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

A HOT SPRING is a source of water

which flows out with a temperature
higher than the average temperature of
the neighboring areas.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

Fumarole releases steam

A FUMAROLE is usually found in

volcanic regions. It is a hole in the
grounds where vapors and gases come
out.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

A GEYSER is a spring that

occasionally shoots out hot water and
steam.

Illustrated by Ellissa Christie Kaye L. Murillo

8 CO_Q3_Science 9_ Module 3