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Francis Harry Compton Crick was born on June 8, 1916 in Northampton, England.

He studied
physics at University College, London, and received his bachelor's degree in 1937. During
World War II, Crick served as a researcher for the British Admiralty, working on the
development of mine sweepers and other naval technologies.
After the war, Crick decided to pursue a career in science and enrolled in the Ph.D. program
in physics at the University of Cambridge. While there, he became interested in the field of
molecular biology and began working on problems related to the structure of proteins.

In 1951, Crick joined the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge, where he began working with
James Watson on the structure of DNA. Using X-ray crystallography data from Rosalind
Franklin and Maurice Wilkins, Crick and Watson were able to determine the structure of
DNA, which they described as a double helix. Their work was published in the journal Nature
in 1953 and quickly became recognized as a major scientific breakthrough.
Crick and Watson were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962 for their
discovery of the structure of DNA. In addition to this award, Crick received numerous other
accolades throughout his career, including the Copley Medal and the Presidential Medal of
Freedom.

In the 1960s, Crick turned his attention to the study of the brain and began working on the
problem of how the brain processes information. He proposed the concept of the "neural
code," which helped to explain how the brain encodes and decodes information.
Crick remained active in the field of science until his death on July 28, 2004. Despite his
many contributions to the field, he was known for his modesty and his ability to collaborate
with others. He is considered one of the most important scientists of the 20th century and
his work on the structure of DNA has had a profound impact on our understanding of
genetics and the way in which living organisms inherit traits.

Encyclopédie Universalis

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