AI HL Topic 3 Revision [207 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 12] EXM.2.SL.TZ0.4

A king rules a small mountain kingdom which is in the form of a square of length
4 kilometres. The square is described by the co-ordinate system
0 ⩽ x ⩽ 4, 0 ⩽ y ⩽ 4.

The king has four adult children, each of which has a luxury palace located at the
points (1, 1), (3, 1), (1, 3), (3, 3). Each child owns all the land that is
nearer their palace than any other palace.

(a) Sketch a Voronoi diagram to represent this information. [2]

The king has a fifth (youngest) child who is now just growing up. He installs her
in a new palace situated at point (2, 2). The rule about ownership of land is then
reapplied.

(b) Sketch a new Voronoi diagram to represent this new situation. [2]

(c) State what the shape of the land, owned by the youngest child,
is. [1]

(d) Find the area of the youngest child’s land. [4]

(e) Find how much land an older child has lost. [1]

(f ) State, with a reason, if all five children now own an equal

amount of land. [2]
2. [Maximum mark: 6] 23M.1.SL.TZ2.7
Ani owns four cafes represented by points A, B, C and D. Ani wants to divide
the area into delivery regions. This process has been started in the following
incomplete Voronoi diagram, where 1 unit represents 1 kilometre.

The midpoint of CD is (5. 5, 1. 5).

(a) Show that the equation of the perpendicular bisector of [CD]

is y = −3x + 18. [3]

(b) Complete the Voronoi diagram shown above. [1]

Ani opens an office equidistant from three of the cafes, B, C and D. The
equation of the perpendicular bisector of [BC] is 3y = 2x − 1. 5.

(c) Find the coordinates of the office. [2]

3. [Maximum mark: 13] 22N.2.SL.TZ0.3
Six restaurant locations (labelled A, B, C, D, E and F) are shown, together
with their Voronoi diagram. All distances are measured in kilometres.

Elena wants to eat at the closest restaurant to her. Write down the restaurant
she should go to, if she is at

(a.i) (2, 7). [1]

(a.ii) (0, 1), when restaurant A is closed. [1]

Restaurant C is at (7, 8) and restaurant D is at (7, 5).

(b) Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of CD. [2]

Restaurant B is at (3, 6).

(c) Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of BC. [5]

Hence find

(d.i) the coordinates of the point which is of equal distance from B,

C and D. [2]

(d.ii) the distance of this point from D. [2]

4. [Maximum mark: 5] 21N.1.SL.TZ0.8
Joey is making a party hat in the form of a cone. The hat is made from a sector,
AOB, of a circular piece of paper with a radius of 18 cm and AÔB = θ as

shown in the diagram.

To make the hat, sides [OA] and [OB] are joined together. The hat has a base
radius of 6. 5 cm.

(a.i) Write down the perimeter of the base of the hat in terms of π. [1]

(a.ii) Find the value of θ. [2]

(b) Find the surface area of the outside of the hat. [2]
5. [Maximum mark: 5] 21M.1.SL.TZ1.9
A triangular field ABC is such that AB = 56 m and BC = 82 m,
each measured correct to the nearest metre, and the angle at B is
equal to 105°, measured correct to the nearest 5°.

Calculate the maximum possible area of the field. [5]

6. [Maximum mark: 6] 21M.1.SL.TZ1.3

A piece of candy is made in the shape of a solid hemisphere. The radius of the
hemisphere is 6 mm.

(a) Calculate the total surface area of one piece of candy. [4]

(b) The total surface of the candy is coated in chocolate. It is known

that 1 gram of the chocolate covers an area of 240 mm2.

Calculate the weight of chocolate required to coat one piece of

candy. [2]
7. [Maximum mark: 7] 21M.1.SL.TZ2.4
The diagram below shows a helicopter hovering at point H, 380 m vertically
above a lake. Point A is the point on the surface of the lake, directly below the
helicopter.

Minta is swimming at a constant speed in the direction of point A. Minta

observes the helicopter from point C as she looks upward at an angle of 25°.
After 15 minutes, Minta is at point B and she observes the same helicopter at an
angle of 40°.

(a) Write down the size of the angle of depression from H to C. [1]

(b) Find the distance from A to C. [2]

(c) Find the distance from B to C. [3]

(d) Find Minta’s speed, in metres per hour. [1]

8. [Maximum mark: 5] 21M.1.SL.TZ2.2
An inclined railway travels along a straight track on a steep hill, as shown in the
diagram.

The locations of the stations on the railway can be described by coordinates in

reference to x, y, and z-axes, where the x and y axes are in the horizontal
plane and the z-axis is vertical.

The ground level station A has coordinates (140, 15, 0) and station B,

located near the top of the hill, has coordinates (20, 5, 250). All coordinates
are given in metres.

(a) Find the distance between stations A and B. [2]

Station M is to be built halfway between stations A and B.

(b) Find the coordinates of station M. [2]

(c) Write down the height of station M, in metres, above the

ground.
[1]
9. [Maximum mark: 15] 21M.2.SL.TZ2.2
A farmer owns a field in the shape of a triangle ABC such that
AB = 650 m, AC = 1005 m and BC = 1225 m.

(a) Find the size of AĈB. [3]

The local town is planning to build a highway that will intersect the borders of
the field at points D and E, where DC = 210 m and CÊD = 100°, as
shown in the diagram below.

(b) Find DE. [3]

The town wishes to build a carpark here. They ask the farmer to exchange the
part of the field represented by triangle DCE. In return the farmer will get a
 triangle of equal area ADF, where F lies on the same line as D and E, as
shown in the diagram above.
(c) Find the area of triangle DCE. [5]

(d) Estimate DF. You may assume the highway has a width of
zero. [4]

10. [Maximum mark: 6] 20N.1.SL.TZ0.S_2

The following diagram shows a triangle ABC.

AC = 15 cm, BC = 10 cm, and AB̂C = θ.

√3
ˆ
Let sin CAB =
3
.

(a) Given that AB̂C is acute, find sin θ. [3]

(b)
Find cos (2 × CÂB).
[3]
11. [Maximum mark: 14]

The velocity of the aircraft is given as

(b.ii)

0).

(c.i)

(c.ii)

(d)

⎜⎟
⎛

⎝
−150

−50

−20
⎞

state the height of the aircraft at this point.

km h
−1
.

(b.iii) find the time at which it would fly directly over the airport.

When the aircraft is 4 km above the ground it continues to fly on the same
SPM.2.AHL.TZ0.4
An aircraft’s position is given by the coordinates (x, y, z), where x and y are the
aircraft’s displacement east and north of an airport, and z is the height of the
aircraft above the ground. All displacements are given in kilometres.

At 13:00 it is detected at a position 30 km east and 10 km north of the airport, and

at a height of 5 km. Let t be the length of time in hours from 13:00.

(a) Write down a vector equation for the displacement, r of the

aircraft in terms of t.

If the aircraft continued to fly with the velocity given

(b.i) verify that it would pass directly over the airport.

bearing but adjusts the angle of its descent so that it will land at the point (0, 0,

Find the time at which the aircraft is 4 km above the ground.

Find the direct distance of the aircraft from the airport at this
point.

Given that the velocity of the aircraft, after the adjustment of

the angle of descent, is

a.
⎛

⎝
−150

−50

a
⎞

⎠
km h
−1
, find the value of
[2]

[2]

[1]

[1]

[2]

[3]
[3]
12. [Maximum mark: 17] SPM.2.AHL.TZ0.5
The following table shows the costs in US dollars (US$) of direct flights between
six cities. Blank cells indicate no direct flights. The rows represent the departure
cities. The columns represent the destination cities.

(a) Show the direct flights between the cities as a graph. [2]

(b) Write down the adjacency matrix for this graph. [2]

(c) Using your answer to part (b), find the number of different ways
to travel from and return to city A in exactly 6 flights. [2]

(d) State whether or not it is possible to travel from and return to

city A in exactly 6 flights, having visited each of the other 5 cities
exactly once. Justify your answer. [2]

The following table shows the least cost to travel between the cities.
(e) Find the values of a and b. [2]

A travelling salesman has to visit each of the cities, starting and finishing at city
A.

(f ) Use the nearest neighbour algorithm to find an upper bound

for the cost of the trip. [3]

(g) By deleting vertex A, use the deleted vertex algorithm to find a

lower bound for the cost of the trip. [4]
13. [Maximum mark: 17] EXN.2.AHL.TZ0.7
A ball is attached to the end of a string and spun horizontally. Its position relative
to a given point, O, at time t seconds, t ≥ 0, is given by the equation

2
1. 5 cos (0. 1t )
r = ( ) where all displacements are in metres.
2
1. 5 sin (0. 1t )

(a) Show that the ball is moving in a circle with its centre at O and
state the radius of the circle. [4]

(b.i) Find an expression for the velocity of the ball at time t. [2]

(b.ii) Hence show that the velocity of the ball is always perpendicular
to the position vector of the ball. [2]

(c.i) Find an expression for the acceleration of the ball at time t. [3]

The string breaks when the magnitude of the ball’s acceleration exceeds
20 ms
−2
.

(c.ii) Find the value of t at the instant the string breaks. [3]

(c.iii) How many complete revolutions has the ball completed from
t = 0 to the instant at which the string breaks? [3]
14. [Maximum mark: 5] 22N.1.AHL.TZ0.3
An artificial ski slope can be modelled as a triangular prism, as shown in the
diagram. Rectangle ABCD is horizontal, and rectangle CDEF is vertical.

The maximum height of the ski slope, CF, is 17 metres and the steepest angle
of the ski slope, FB̂C, is 21°.

(a) Calculate the length of [BF]. [2]

The width of the base of the ski slope, AB, is 44 metres. Mayumi skis in a
straight line, starting from point E and finishing at the base of the ski slope.

(b) Find the value of the least steep angle that Mayumi can ski. [3]
15. [Maximum mark: 7] 22N.1.AHL.TZ0.4
In a competition, a contestant has to move through a maze to find treasure. A
graph of the maze is shown below, where each edge represents a corridor in the
maze. The contestant starts at S and the treasure is located at T.

(a) Complete the adjacency matrix, M , for the graph.

[2]

The competition rules state that the contestant can walk along a maximum of
four corridors.

(b) Find the number of walks from S to T with a maximum of 4

edges.
 [4]

(c) Explain why the number of ways the contestant can reach the
treasure is less than the answer to part (b). [1]

16. [Maximum mark: 7] 22N.1.AHL.TZ0.8

3p + 4
⎛ ⎞

Line L1 has a vector equation r = 2p − 1 , where p ∈ R.

⎝ ⎠
p + 9

q − 2
⎛ ⎞

Line L2 has a vector equation r = 1 − q , where q ∈ R.

⎝ ⎠
2q + 1

The two lines intersect at point M.

(a) Find the coordinates of M. [3]

(b) Find the acute angle between the two lines. [4]
17. [Maximum mark: 8] 22N.1.AHL.TZ0.9
2 −4
The transformation T is represented by the matrix M = ( ).
3 1

A pentagon with an area of 12 cm2 is transformed by T .

(a) Find the area of the image of the pentagon. [2]

Under the transformation T , the image of point X has coordinates

(2t − 3, 6 − 5t), where t ∈ R.

(b) Find, in terms of t, the coordinates of X. [6]

18. [Maximum mark: 20] 22N.2.AHL.TZ0.7
The position vector of a particle at time t is given by
r = 3 cos(3t)i + 4 sin(3t)j. Displacement is measured in metres and
time is measured in seconds.

(a.i) Find an expression for the velocity of the particle at time t. [2]

(a.ii) Hence find the speed when t = 3. [2]

(b.i) Find an expression for the acceleration of the particle at time t. [1]

(b.ii) Hence show that the acceleration is always directed towards

the origin. [3]

The position vector of a second particle is given by

r = −4 sin(4t)i + 3 cos(4t)j.

(c) For 0 ≤ t ≤ 10, find the time when the two particles are
closest to each other. [5]

At time k, where 0 < k < 1. 5, the second particle is moving parallel to the
first particle.

(d.i) Find the value of k. [5]

(d.ii) At time k, show that the two particles are moving in the
opposite direction. [2]
19. [Maximum mark: 14] 22N.2.AHL.TZ0.4
A company has six offices, A, B, C, D, E and F. One of the company managers,
Nanako, needs to visit the offices. She creates the following graph that shows the
distances, in kilometres, between some of the offices.

(a) Write down a Hamiltonian cycle for this graph. [1]

(b) State, with a reason, whether the graph contains an Eulerian

circuit. [1]

Nanako wishes to find the shortest cycle to visit all the offices. She decides to
complete a weighted adjacency table, showing the least distance between each
pair of offices.
Write down the value of

(c.i) p. [1]

(c.ii) q. [1]

(c.iii) r. [1]

(d) Starting at vertex E, use the nearest neighbour algorithm to

find an upper bound for Nanako’s cycle. [3]

(e) By deleting vertex F, find a lower bound for Nanako’s cycle. [4]

(f ) Explain, with a reason, why the answer to part (e) might not be
the best lower bound. [2]
20. [Maximum mark: 18] 22M.2.AHL.TZ1.7
A transformation, T , of a plane is represented by r′= P r + q, where P is a
2 × 2 matrix, q is a 2 × 1 vector, r is the position vector of a point in the

plane and r′ the position vector of its image under T .

The triangle OAB has coordinates (0, 0), (0, 1) and (1, 0). Under T, these

1 √3 √3 3
points are transformed to (0, 1), (
4
, 1 +
4
) and (
4
,
4
)

respectively.

(a.i) By considering the image of (0, 0), find q. [2]

(a.ii) By considering the image of (1, 0) and (0, 1), show that

√3 1
⎛ ⎞
4 4
P = .
√3
⎝ ⎠
−
1

4 4
[4]

P can be written as P = RS , where S and R are matrices.

S represents an enlargement with scale factor 0. 5, centre (0, 0).

R represents a rotation about (0, 0).

(b) Write down the matrix S. [1]

(c.i) Use P = RS to find the matrix R. [4]

(c.ii) Hence find the angle and direction of the rotation represented
by R. [3]

The transformation T can also be described by an enlargement scale factor 1

, centre (a, b), followed by a rotation about the same centre (a, b).

(d.i) a
Write down an equation satisfied by ( ).
b [1]

(d.ii) Find the value of a and the value of b. [3]

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