Cambridge Assessment International Education

Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level

CHEMISTRY 9701/22
Paper 2 AS Level Structured Questions May/June 2018
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 60

Published

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the
examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the
details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have
considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2018 series for most
Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level and Cambridge Pre-U components, and
some Cambridge O Level components.

IGCSE™ is a registered trademark.

This document consists of 10 printed pages.

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9701/22 Cambridge International AS/A Level – Mark Scheme May/June 2018
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Generic Marking Principles

These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the
specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these
marking principles.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

• the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question
• the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question
• the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the
scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
• marks are not deducted for errors
• marks are not deducted for omissions
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the
question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level
descriptors.

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GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may
be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or
grade descriptors in mind.

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Question Answer Marks

1(a)(i) Mg + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2 1

1(a)(ii) the product / Mg(OH)2 sparingly soluble / slightly soluble / less soluble (than NaOH) 1

1(b)(i) any two from: 2

• (from Mg to Ba) larger (atomic) radius / more shells / more shielding

• electron(s) are less tightly held (by nucleus) / less attracted (to nucleus)

• ionisation energy / ies decrease(s) / electron(s) lost (more) easily (down the group)

• lower activation energy (for the reactions down the group)

1(b)(ii) white light / white flame 1

white smoke / white solid 1

2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s) 1

1(b)(iii) Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2 1

1(b)(iv) any two from: 2

• increasing (cation) size / (cat)ionic radius increases / increasing size of atoms

• overall charge on (cation) is constant / (+)2 / decreasing charge density of (+2 charged cation)
• number of delocalised / outer / valence electrons (per atom) remains the same / 2
• increased shielding

1
decreasing (strength of) attraction between (cat)ion / nucleus / nuclear charge AND delocalised electron(s)

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Question Answer Marks

2(a) option 1: 2
the mass of (all the atoms/ions in) a formula (unit) / molecule OR the (weighted) average / (weighted) mean mass of (all the
atoms / ions in) the formula (unit) / molecule [1]

relative / compared to 1 / 12 (the mass of an atom) of carbon–12 OR on a scale in which a carbon–12 (atom / isotope) has a
(mass) of (exactly) 12 (units) [1]

option 2:
mass of one mol of a compound / formula (unit) / molecule [1]

relative / compared to 1 / 12 (the mass) of 1 mol of C-12 OR in which one mol C-12 (atom / isotope) is (a mass of exactly)
12 g [1]

2(b)(i)

4 shared pairs only (any symbols) (in NH4) 1

3 × dot-and-cross bonds AND 1 × 2 crosses (in NH4) 1

2(b)(ii) tetrahedral 1

109–109.5° (inclusive) 1

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Question Answer Marks

2c(i) in any order explain meaning of: 2

weak
partially ionises / incompletely dissociates (into ions)

Bronsted-Lowry acid
is a proton donor / H+ (ion) donor / hydrogen ion donor

2c(ii) NH4+(aq) + H2O(l) ҡ NH3(aq or g) + H3O+(aq)

all correct species and balancing 1

correct state symbols 1

2(d)(i) MnO4− + 5Fe2+ + 8H+ → Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4H2O 1

2(d)(ii) (Fe2+ is a) reducing agent / reductant 2

provides/donates electron(s) / loses electron(s) / increases its oxidation number / (Fe2+) becomes Fe3+

2(d)(iii) 4 × 10−4 / 0.0004 1

2(d)(iv) 2 × 10-3 / 0.002 1

2(d)(v) 392 1

2(d)(vi) 6 1

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Question Answer Marks

3(a)(i) combustion 1

3(a)(ii) C8H18 + 12½O2 → 8CO2 + 9H2O

correct species 1

correct balancing 1

3(b)(i) cracking 1

3(b)(ii) -CH(CH3)CH(CH3)-
OR

even number of C’s in correct backbone with ‘end bonds’ AND no C=C 1

CH3 and H on each of two C drawn for 1 repeat unit only AND all the carbons must be tetravalent 1

3(b)(iii) addition 1

3c(i) catalytic converter / catalyst 1

3c(ii) 2CO + NO2 → 2CO2 + ½N2 1

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Question Answer Marks

3c(iii) (photochemical) smog / fog / haze 1

OR

global dimming

3(d)(i) any 2 from: 2

lowers pH / increases acidity of rivers / lakes / oceans / seas / soil

kills/harms fish OR harms / kills coral / plants / crops / trees

leaches (toxic) aluminium (ions / salts) from soil (into rivers / lakes)

leaches away soil nutrients

damages / weathers / erodes buildings / statues

3(d)(ii) NO2 + SO2 → NO + SO3 1

SO3 + H2O → H2SO4 1

3(d)(iii) (it is) regenerated / not used up / undergoes temporary chemical change / recovered unchanged 1

NO + ½O2 → NO2 1

Question Answer Marks

4(a)(i) iodoform / tri-iodomethane 1

4(a)(ii) butanone 1

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Question Answer Marks

4(b) CH3CH2CH2CHO 1

(CH3)2CHCHO 1

4(c)(i) reduction 1

4(c)(ii) NaBH4 / sodium borohydride 1

OR

LiAlH4 / lithium aluminium hydride

4(d)(i) +
H
-
O δ− O
δ+ C CH3 C CH3
H3C CH2 H3C CH2
NC
-
NC

lone pair on C of CN– and curly arrow to C of C=O 1

correct dipole on C=O and curly arrow from = to O 1

correct intermediate anion 1

curly arrow from lone pair on O to H+ 1

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Question Answer Marks

4(d)(ii) optical 1

4(d)(iii) (X has a) chiral centre / asymmetric carbon atom 1

OR
(X has a) C atom attached to four different groups / atoms / chains

non-super(im)posable mirror images 1

4(e)(i) M1 is for the process of taking the % of each element and dividing by its relative atomic mass. 2

C H N O
51.3 9.40 12.0 27.3
12 1 14 16

OR

4.28 9.40 0.857 1.71

M2 is for dividing the smallest %/Ar into each of the remaining values to produce the correct ratio.

4.28 9.40 0.857 1.71

0.857 0.857 0.857 0.857

OR

4.9942 : 10.9685 : 1 : 1.9953

4(e)(ii) C5H11NO2 AND because the EFM = RFM 1

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