15E/16E(A)

Mathematics
(English)

Time Allowed: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 80

Instructions :

1 Answer all the questions under Part-A on a separate answer book.

2 Write the answers to the questions under Part-B on the Question Paper
itself and attach them to Part-A’s answer book.

Part-A

Time : 2 hours 30 minutes [Marks : 60]

SECTION - I

Score 6×2=12

Note:

1. Answer ALL the following questions.

2. Each question carries 2 marks.

1. Find the centroid of the triangle whose vertices are (2, 3), (− 4, 7) and (2, − 4).

Explanation.

The coordinates of centring of triangle having vertices

𝐴(2, 3), 𝐵(4, 7) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶(2, − 4)

is given by 𝐺(𝑥, 𝑦)
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𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑥 =
(2+(−4)+2
3
)=0 𝑦= ( 3+7−4
3 ) = 2 𝐺(0, 2)
2. Find the probability of getting a 'vowel' if a letter is chosen randomly from the word
"INNOVATION".

Explanation.

4
Probability of getting a Vowel from the Word INNOVATION = 11

3. Express ' 𝑡𝑎𝑛⁡θ ' in terms of ' 𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡θ '.

Explanation:

𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡θ 𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡θ
𝑡𝑎𝑛⁡θ = 𝑐𝑜𝑠⁡θ
= 2
Ans.
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛 ⁡θ

4. An observer standing at a distance of 10 𝑚 from the foot of a tower, observes its top
◦
with an angle of elevation of 60 . Draw a suitable diagram for this situation.

Explanation:

5. The sides of a triangle measure 2 2, 4 and 2 6 units. Is it a right-angled triangle?

Justify.
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Explanation:

To check if the triangle is a right-angled triangle, we need to apply the Pythagorean

theorem. According to the Pythagoras theorem, in a right angled triangle, the square of
the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.

Let us assume that the side of length 4 is the hypotenuse of the triangle. Then, the
sum of the squares of the other two sides must be equal to the square of the length of
the hypotenuse.
2 2 2
So, (2 2) + (4) = (2 6)

8 + 16 = 24
Hence, the given triangle be a right-angled triangle.
2 ◦ ◦
6. 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 ⁡θ − 3𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡θ + 1 = 0, where 0 < θ ≤ 90

Explanation:
Let 𝑡 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡θ hence we have that

2 2
2𝑡 − 3𝑡 + 1 = 0⇒ 2𝑡 − 2𝑡 − 𝑡 + 1 = 0
1
⇒2𝑡(𝑡 − 1) − (𝑡 − 1) = 0 ⇒(𝑡 − 1)(2𝑡 − 1) = 0⇒ 𝑡 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡 = 2
1
Hence we have that 𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡θ = 1 and 𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡θ = 2
. Solving these we get
Remember that θ belongs to [0, 2π] hence
we have that sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ = 1⇒𝑆𝑖𝑛 θ = 𝑆𝑖𝑛 90 ⇒ θ = 90 not possible as per question
1
and sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ = 2
⇒ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 θ = sin 𝑠𝑖𝑛 30 ⇒ θ = 30

SECTION - II

6x4 = 24

Note :

1. Answer ALL the following questions.

2. Each question carries 4 marks.

 15E/16E(A)
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(English)

7. Write the formula for Median of a grouped data and explain each term of it.

Explanation:
For grouped data-
𝑁
2
−𝑐
𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 = 𝑙 + 𝑓
×ℎ

Whereas
𝑙 = Lower limit of median class
𝑁 = Total frequency
𝑐 = cumulative frequency of class preceding the median class
𝑓1 = Frequency of median class
ℎ = Width of median class
2 2
8. If 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10𝑥𝑦, then prove that 2𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡(𝑥 + 𝑦) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑦 + 2𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡2 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡3.

Explanation:
Adding 2𝑥𝑦 on both sides,
2 2 2 2 2 2
[
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑦 = 10𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑥𝑦 (𝑥 + 𝑦) = 12𝑥𝑦 ∵(𝑎 + 𝑏) = 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 2𝑎𝑏 ]
Applying logarithm on both sides,
2
𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡(𝑥 + 𝑦) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡12𝑥𝑦 2𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡(𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝑛
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡12𝑥𝑦 ⎡⎢∵𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎⁡𝑥 = 𝑛𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎⁡𝑥⎤⎥
⎣ ⎦
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡12 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑦 [∵𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑎𝑏𝑐 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑎 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑏 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑐]
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡(4×3) + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑦
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡4 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡3 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑦
2
= [∵𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡2 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡3 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑦
= 2𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡2 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡3 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡𝑦 ∴2𝑙𝑜𝑔⁡(𝑥 + 𝑦)
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Question 9:

A strip of width 4 𝑐𝑚 is attached to one side of a square to form a rectangle, The area
2
of the rectangle formed is 77 𝑐𝑚 , then find the length of the side of the square.

Explanation:

Given that, to create a rectangle, a 4 cm wide strip is fastened to one side of a

square. The new rectangle is 77 cm² in size. ​
Let, the width of new rectangle is x and length is x+4
Area of rectangle = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ×𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑡ℎ
So, 77 = (𝑥 + 4)×(𝑥)
⟹77 = 𝑥² + 4𝑥
⟹𝑥² + 4𝑥 − 77 = 0
⟹𝑥² + 11𝑥 − 7𝑥 − 77 = 0
⟹𝑥(𝑥 + 11) − 7(𝑥 + 11) = 0
⟹(𝑥 + 11)(𝑥 − 7) = 0
So, x=-11 and 7
So the length cannot be negative so x=7 which is side of square
Length = x+4 = 7+4 = 11
Therefore, The width of the new rectangle is 7 cm, length is 11 cm and the length of
the side of the square is 7 cm.

10. From the given Venn diagram show that

n(AB)=n(A)+n(B)-n(AB)
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Mathematics
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Explanation:

From the given figure,

A = {b, d, m, a, e, u} i.e. n(A) = 6
B = {p, q, r, t, a, e, u} i.e. n(B) = 7
𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 = {b, d, m, a, e, u, p, q, r, t} i.e. 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 10
𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = {a, e, u} i.e. 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 3
Now,
L.H.S. = 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 10 …(i)
R.H.S. = 𝑛(𝐴) + 𝑛(𝐵) − 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
=6+7–3
= 13 – 3
= 10 …(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
L.H.S. = R.H.S. Hence Proved.
11. A box contains four slips numbered 1, 2, 3, 4 and another box contains five slips
numbered 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. If one slip is taken randomly from each box,
(i) How many number pairs are possible?
(ii) What is the probability of both being odd?
(iii) What is the probability of getting the sum of the numbers 10?

Explanation:
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(i)

Possible pair

1 – 5, 2- 5, 3- 5, 4- 5, 1- 6, 2- 6, 3- 6, 4- 6, 1- 7, 2- 7,

3- 7, 4- 7, 1- 8, 2- 8, 3- 8, 4- 8, 1- 9, 2- 9, 3- 9, 4- 9

Possible pair = 20

(ii) Probability of both being odd = 6/20 = 3/10

(iii) Probability of getting the sum of the numbers 10 = 4/20 = ⅕

12. Which term of the A.P. 21, 18, 15, ..m is - 81 ? Also find the term which becomes
zero.

Explanation:

Here, 𝑎 = 21, 𝑑 = 18 − 21 =− 3
and 𝑎𝑛 =− 81, and we have to find 𝑛.
As 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
we have − 81 = 21 + (𝑛 − 1)(− 3)

− 81 = 24 − 3𝑛 − 105 =− 3𝑛 𝑛 = 35
Therefore, the 35 th term of the given 𝐴𝑃 is -81 .
Next, we want to know if there is any 𝑛 for which a_ 𝑛 = 0. If such an 𝑛 is there, then

21 + (𝑛 − 1)(− 3) = 0, 𝑖. 𝑒., 3(𝑛 − 1) = 21 𝑖. 𝑒., 𝑛 = 8

So, the eighth term is 0 .

SECTION - III

4 × 6 = 24

Note: 1. Answer any 4 questions from the given six questions,

2. Each question carries 6 marks.

 15E/16E(A)
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2
13. Draw the graph of the quadratic polynomial 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 3 and find the
zeroes of the polynomial from the graph.

Explanation:

We need to recall the following definition.

● The zeros of a polynomial are

● the value of a variable that makes the polynomial true.
Given:
2
𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 3
Simplify the polynomial.
2 2
𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 3 = 0 𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 𝑥 + 3 = 0
𝑥(𝑥 − 3) − 1(𝑥 − 3) = 0

(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 1) = 0
𝑥 − 3 = 0 𝑂𝑅 𝑥 − 1 = 0 𝑥 = 3 𝑂𝑅 𝑥 = 1
Hence, the zeros of the polynomial are 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = 3.
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Question 14:
1 1
In an acute angled triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, if 𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡(𝐴 + 𝐵 − 𝐶) = 2
and 𝑐𝑜𝑠⁡(𝐵 + 𝐶 − 𝐴) = 2
then find ∠𝐴, ∠𝐵 and ∠𝐶.

Explanation:

𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡(𝐴 + 𝐵 − 𝐶) =
1
2
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛⁡ ( )
π
6
◦
⇒ 𝐴 + 𝐵 − 𝐶 = 30 …….(1)
1 ◦
𝑐𝑜𝑠⁡(𝐵 + 𝐶 − 𝐴) = 2
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠⁡60
◦
⇒ 𝐵 + 𝐶 − 𝐴 = 60 ……..(2)

𝐵𝑦(1)&(2)
◦
2𝐵 = 90
90 ◦ ◦
⇒𝐵 = ( ) = 45
2
◦
∵𝐴 + 𝐵 + 𝐶 = 180 𝑠𝑜 𝑏𝑦
◦ ◦ ◦
2𝐴 + 2𝐵 = 180 + 30 = 210
◦
𝐴 + 𝐵 = 105
◦ ◦
𝐴 = 105 − 45
◦
𝐴 = 60
◦ ◦ ◦
Now 𝐶 = 180 − 60 + 45 ( )
◦
𝐶 = 75
◦ ◦ ◦
Hence, ∠𝐴 = 60 , ∠𝐵= 45 and ∠𝐶= 75
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15. Find the mode for the following data.

Class Interval Frequency

1000-1500 24

1500-2000 40

2000-2500 33

2500-3000 28

3000-3500 30

3500-4000 22

4000-4500 16

4500-5000 7

Explanation:

Firstly, we know that formula of the mode:

𝑓1−𝑓0
𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 𝑙 + 2𝑓1−𝑓0−𝑓2
×ℎ

Where as;

● Modal class = Interval with highest frequency = 1500 − 2000

● Lower limit of modal class, (l)=1500
● Height in class Interval, (h) = 500
● Frequency of the modal class, (𝑓1) = 40
● Frequency of class before modal class, (𝑓𝑂) = 24
● Frequency of class after modal class, (𝑓2) = 33
40−24
∴ Substitute the given values : 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 1500 + 2(40)−24−33 ×500
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16
𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 1500 + 80−57
×500
16
⟶ 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 1500 + 23
×500
8000
⟶ 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 1500 + 23

⟶ 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒 = 1500 + 347. 82

⟶ Mode = 1847. 82
Thus;
The mode will be 1847.82

16. If 𝐴(− 2, 2), 𝐵(𝑎, 6), 𝐶(4, 𝑏) and 𝐷(2, − 2) are the vertices of a parallelogram
ABCD, then find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏. Also find the lengths of its sides.

Explanation:

Given that, 𝐴(− 2, 2), 𝐵(𝑎, 6), 𝐶(4, 𝑏) and 𝐷(2, − 2) are the vertices of a parallelogram
ABCD.
We know that diagonals of Parallelogram bisect each other.
Mid-point let say O of diagonal AC is given by

𝑥= ( ) 𝑥1+𝑥2
2
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = ( ) 𝑦1+𝑦2
2

𝑂= ( −2+4
2
,
2+𝑏
2 ) = (1, 2+𝑏
2
) …(1)

Mid-point let say P of diagonal BD is given by

𝑃= ( 𝑎+2
2
,
6+(−2)
2 )= ( 𝑎+2
2
, 2) …(2)

Points O and P are same

Equating the corresponding co-ordinates of both midpoints, we get
𝑎+2 2+𝑏
1= 2
and 2
=2
𝑏
2 = 𝑎 + 2 and 2
=1
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𝑎 = 0 and 𝑏 = 2
Thus vertices of the parallelogram ABCD are 𝐴(− 2, 2), 𝐵(0, 6), 𝐶(4, 2) and 𝐷(2, − 2).
Using distance formula,
2 2
AB = (− 2 − 0) + (2 − 6) = 4 + 16 = 20 = 2 5 units
2 2
BC = (0 − 4) + (6 − 2) = 16 + 16 = 32 = 4 2 units
2 2
CD = (4 − 2) + (2 − (− 2)) = 4 + 16 = 20 = 2 5 units
2 2
DA = (2 − (− 2)) + (− 2 − 2) = 16 + 16 = 32 = 4 2 units

Hence, lengths of parallelogram AB = 2 5 units, BC = 4 2 units, CD = 2 5 units and

DA = 4 2 units.

◦ ◦
17. Construct triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 with 𝐵𝐶 = 7 𝑐𝑚, ∠𝐵 = 45 and ∠𝐶 = 60 . Then construct
3
another triangle similar to △𝐴𝐵𝐶, whose sides are 5 times of the corresponding sides
of △𝐴𝐵𝐶.

Explanation:
 15E/16E(A)
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Steps of Construction:
Step l: 𝐵𝐶 = 7 𝑐𝑚 is drawn.
◦
Step II: At 𝐵, a ray is drawn making an angle of 45 with 𝐵𝐶.
◦
Step III: At C, a ray making an angle of 60 with 𝐵𝐶 is drawn intersecting the previous
ray at 𝐴.
Step IV: 𝐴 ray 𝐵𝑋 is drawn making an acute angle with 𝐵𝐶 opposite to vertex 𝐴. Step
𝑉 : Five points 𝐵1, 𝐵2, 𝐵3, 𝐵4 and 𝐵5 at equal distance is marked on 𝐵𝑋.
'
Step VI: 𝐵5𝐶 is joined and 𝐵3𝐶 is made parallel to 𝐵5𝐶.
' '
Step VII: 𝐶 𝐴 is made parallel CA.
' '
Thus, 𝐴 𝐵𝐶 is the required triangle.

18. Prove that 2 3 + 5 is an irrational number.

Explanation:
 15E/16E(A)
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Let us assume that 2 3 + 5 is a rational number.

Let 𝑃 = 2 3 + 5 is rational
On squaring both sides we get
2 2 2 2
𝑃 = (2 3 + 5) = (2 3) + ( 5) + 2×2 3 × 5
2
𝑃 = 12 + 5 + 4 15
2
𝑃 = 17 + 4 15
2
𝑃 −17
4
= 15……….. (1)
2
2 𝑃 −17
Since 𝑃 is rational number therefore 𝑃 is also rational & 4
is also rational.
But 15 is irrational from equation(1)
2
𝑃 −17
4
= 15

Rational ≠ irrational
Hence our assumption is incorrect & 2 3 + 5 is an irrational number.

Hence, it’s proved.