Version 7.2.

PVsyst - Simulation report

Grid-Connected System

Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC

Variant: New simulation variant
Tables on a building
System power: 278 kWp
Thôn Bùi - Vietnam

Author
 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

Project summary
Geographical Site Situation Project settings
Thôn Bùi Latitude 20.53 °N Albedo 0.20
Vietnam Longitude 105.97 °E
Altitude 8m
Time zone UTC+7

Meteo data
Thôn Bùi
Meteonorm 7.2 (1993-2000), Sat=100% - Synthetic

System summary
Grid-Connected System Tables on a building
Simulation for year no 1

PV Field Orientation Near Shadings User's needs

Fixed planes 2 orientations Linear shadings Unlimited load (grid)
Tilts/azimuths 8 / 111 °
8 / -69 °

System information
PV Array Inverters
Nb. of modules 400 units Nb. of units 2 units
Pnom total 278 kWp Pnom total 230 kWac
Pnom ratio 1.209

Results summary
Produced Energy 317.2 MWh/year Specific production 1141 kWh/kWp/year Perf. Ratio PR 81.13 %

Table of contents
Project and results summary 2
General parameters, PV Array Characteristics, System losses 3
Near shading definition - Iso-shadings diagram 5
Main results 6
Loss diagram 7
Special graphs 8
Aging Tool 9
P50 - P90 evaluation 11
Cost of the system 12
CO₂ Emission Balance 13

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 2/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

General parameters
Grid-Connected System Tables on a building

PV Field Orientation
Orientation Sheds configuration Models used
Fixed planes 2 orientations Nb. of sheds 400 units Transposition Perez
Tilts/azimuths 8 / 111 ° Sizes Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm
8 / -69 ° Sheds spacing 1.31 m Circumsolar separate
Collector width 1.30 m
Ground Cov. Ratio (GCR) 99.5 %
Shading limit angle
Limit profile angle 83.8 °

Horizon Near Shadings User's needs

Free Horizon Linear shadings Unlimited load (grid)

PV Array Characteristics
PV module Inverter
Manufacturer Risen Energy Co., Ltd Manufacturer Huawei Technologies
Model RSM132-8-695BHDG Model SUN2000-115KTL-M2-400V
(Original PVsyst database) (Custom parameters definition)
Unit Nom. Power 695 Wp Unit Nom. Power 115 kWac
Number of PV modules 400 units Number of inverters 2 units
Nominal (STC) 278 kWp Total power 230 kWac

Array #1 - PV Array
Orientation #1
Tilt/Azimuth 8/111 °
Number of PV modules 200 units Number of inverters 1 units
Nominal (STC) 139 kWp Total power 115 kWac
Modules 10 Strings x 20 In series
At operating cond. (50°C) Operating voltage 200-1000 V
Pmpp 131 kWp Max. power (=>30°C) 125 kWac
U mpp 770 V Pnom ratio (DC:AC) 1.21
I mpp 170 A

Array #2 - Sub-array #2
Orientation #2
Tilt/Azimuth 8/-69 °
Number of PV modules 200 units Number of inverters 1 units
Nominal (STC) 139 kWp Total power 115 kWac
Modules 10 Strings x 20 In series
At operating cond. (50°C) Operating voltage 200-1000 V
Pmpp 131 kWp Max. power (=>30°C) 125 kWac
U mpp 770 V Pnom ratio (DC:AC) 1.21
I mpp 170 A

Total PV power Total inverter power

Nominal (STC) 278 kWp Total power 230 kWac
Total 400 modules Nb. of inverters 2 units
Module area 1243 m² Pnom ratio 1.21
Cell area 1164 m²

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 3/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

Array losses
Array Soiling Losses Thermal Loss factor DC wiring losses
Loss Fraction 3.5 % Module temperature according to irradiance Global array res. 121 mΩ
Uc (const) 20.0 W/m²K Global wiring resistance 61 mΩ
Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K/m/s Loss Fraction 2.5 % at STC

LID - Light Induced Degradation Module Quality Loss Module mismatch losses
Loss Fraction 2.0 % Loss Fraction -0.8 % Loss Fraction 2.0 % at MPP

Strings Mismatch loss Module average degradation

Loss Fraction 0.1 % Year no 1
Loss factor 0.3 %/year
Mismatch due to degradation
Imp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Vmp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year

IAM loss factor

Incidence effect (IAM): User defined profile

0° 20° 40° 60° 70° 75° 80° 85° 90°

1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 0.998 0.977 0.946 0.852 0.000

System losses
Unavailability of the system
Time fraction 4.0 %
14.6 days,
3 periods

AC wiring losses
Inv. output line up to injection point
Inverter voltage 400 Vac tri
Loss Fraction 1.50 % at STC
Inverter: SUN2000-115KTL-M2-400V
Wire section (2 Inv.) Copper 2 x 3 x 95 mm²
Average wires length 89 m

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 4/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

Near shadings parameter

Perspective of the PV-field and surrounding shading scene

Iso-shadings diagram

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 5/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

Main results
System Production
Produced Energy (P50) 317.2 MWh/year Specific production (P50) 1141 kWh/kWp/year Performance Ratio PR 81.13 %
Produced Energy (P90) 298 MWh/year Specific production (P90) 1071 kWh/kWp/year
Produced Energy (P95) 292 MWh/year Specific production (P95) 1051 kWh/kWp/year

Normalized productions (per installed kWp) Performance Ratio PR

Balances and main results

GlobHor DiffHor T_Amb GlobInc GlobEff EArray E_Grid PR

kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh ratio
January 72.3 49.65 15.75 71.8 69.0 17.97 17.49 0.877
February 72.8 48.99 17.37 72.2 69.5 17.91 12.70 0.632
March 89.3 65.38 20.64 88.5 85.1 21.78 19.22 0.781
April 111.1 74.86 24.48 110.5 106.2 26.81 26.07 0.849
May 150.7 95.09 27.99 149.8 144.1 35.91 34.91 0.838
June 162.3 84.93 29.79 161.5 155.4 38.32 37.23 0.829
July 162.6 81.98 29.98 161.7 155.7 38.32 30.40 0.676
August 153.9 88.92 28.66 153.1 147.3 36.56 35.53 0.835
September 131.6 72.41 26.81 131.0 126.0 31.37 30.48 0.837
October 130.3 79.13 25.25 129.7 124.7 31.47 30.62 0.849
November 93.7 59.76 21.02 93.2 89.6 22.93 22.32 0.862
December 84.0 53.84 17.56 83.5 80.2 20.79 20.25 0.872
Year 1414.7 854.98 23.81 1406.4 1352.8 340.12 317.21 0.811

Legends
GlobHor Global horizontal irradiation EArray Effective energy at the output of the array
DiffHor Horizontal diffuse irradiation E_Grid Energy injected into grid
T_Amb Ambient Temperature PR Performance Ratio
GlobInc Global incident in coll. plane
GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 6/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

Loss diagram
1415 kWh/m² Global horizontal irradiation

-0.58% Global incident in coll. plane

0.00% Near Shadings: irradiance loss
-0.33% IAM factor on global

-3.50% Soiling loss factor

1353 kWh/m² * 1243 m² coll. Effective irradiation on collectors

efficiency at STC = 22.44% PV conversion

377.1 MWh Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)

-0.17% Module Degradation Loss ( for year #1)
-0.26% PV loss due to irradiance level

-5.06% PV loss due to temperature

+0.75% Module quality loss

-2.00% LID - Light induced degradation

-2.05% Mismatch loss, modules and strings

-1.36% Ohmic wiring loss

340.1 MWh Array virtual energy at MPP
-2.09% Inverter Loss during operation (efficiency)
0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. power
0.00% Inverter Loss due to max. input current
0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. voltage
0.00% Inverter Loss due to power threshold
0.00% Inverter Loss due to voltage threshold
-0.01% Night consumption
333.0 MWh Available Energy at Inverter Output

-0.65% AC ohmic loss

-4.12% System unavailability

317.2 MWh Energy injected into grid

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 7/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

Special graphs
Daily Input/Output diagram

System Output Power Distribution

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 8/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

Aging Tool
Aging Parameters
Time span of simulation 25 years
Module average degradation Mismatch due to degradation
Loss factor 0.3 %/year Imp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Vmp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Meteo used in the simulation
#1 Thôn Bùi MN72 SYN
Years 1990 (reference year)
Years simulated 1,6,11,16,21,25

Energy injected into grid

Performance Ratio

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 9/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

Aging Tool
Aging Parameters
Time span of simulation 25 years
Module average degradation Mismatch due to degradation
Loss factor 0.3 %/year Imp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Vmp RMS dispersion 0.4 %/year
Meteo used in the simulation
#1 Thôn Bùi MN72 SYN
Years 1990 (reference year)
Years simulated 1,6,11,16,21,25

Thôn Bùi MN72 SYN

Year E Grid PR PR loss

MWh %
1 317.2 0.811 0%
2 316.0 0.808 -0.4%
3 314.8 0.805 -0.8%
4 313.6 0.802 -1.1%
5 312.4 0.799 -1.5%
6 311.2 0.796 -1.9%
7 309.3 0.791 -2.5%
8 307.3 0.786 -3.1%
9 305.4 0.781 -3.7%
10 303.5 0.776 -4.3%
11 301.5 0.771 -4.9%
12 300.4 0.768 -5.3%
13 299.3 0.766 -5.6%
14 298.2 0.763 -6%
15 297.1 0.76 -6.3%
16 296.0 0.757 -6.7%
17 294.7 0.754 -7.1%
18 293.4 0.75 -7.5%
19 292.1 0.747 -7.9%
20 290.8 0.744 -8.3%
21 289.4 0.74 -8.8%
22 286.9 0.734 -9.6%
23 284.4 0.727 -10.4%
24 281.8 0.721 -11.2%
25 279.3 0.714 -12%

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 10/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

P50 - P90 evaluation

Meteo data Simulation and parameters uncertainties
Meteo data Meteonorm
source 7.2 (1993-2000), Sat=100% PV module modelling/parameters 1.0 %
Kind Monthly averages Inverter efficiency uncertainty 0.5 %
Synthetic - Multi-year average Soiling and mismatch uncertainties 1.0 %
Year-to-year variability(Variance) 4.5 % Degradation uncertainty 1.0 %
Specified Deviation
Climate change 0.0 %

Global variability (meteo + system) Annual production probability

Variability (Quadratic sum) 4.8 % Variability 15.3 MWh
P50 317.2 MWh
P90 297.6 MWh
P95 292.1 MWh

Probability distribution

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 11/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

Cost of the system

Installation costs

Item Quantity Cost Total

units EUR EUR
Total 0.00
Depreciable asset 0.00

Operating costs

Item Total
EUR/year
Total (OPEX) 0.00

System summary
Total installation cost 0.00 EUR
Operating costs 0.00 EUR/year
Produced Energy 317 MWh/year
Cost of produced energy (LCOE) 0.000 EUR/kWh

20/03/24 PVsyst Licensed to Page 12/13

 Project: TU HAI HA NAM JSC
Variant: New simulation variant

PVsyst V7.2.4
VC0, Simulation date:
20/03/24 16:17
with v7.2.4

CO₂ Emission Balance

Total: 4868.4 tCO₂
Generated emissions Saved CO₂ Emission vs. Time
Total: 526.49 tCO₂
Source: Detailed calculation from table below:
Replaced Emissions
Total: 5725.6 tCO₂
System production: 317.21 MWh/yr
Grid Lifecycle Emissions: 722 gCO₂/kWh
Source: Custom value supplied by user
Lifetime: 25 years
Annual degradation: 0.5 %

System Lifecycle Emissions Details

Item LCE Quantity Subtotal

[kgCO₂]
Modules 1713 kgCO2/kWp 300 kWp 514227
Supports 2.71 kgCO2/kg 4320 kg 11727
Inverters 269 kgCO2/units 2.00 units 538

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