PRESIDENT’S OFFICE

REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

SAME AND MWANGA SECONDARY SCHOOLS EXAMINATION
SYNDICATE (SAMWASSES)

FORM SIX PRE-MOCK EXAMINATIONS-2020

PHYSICS 2
MARKING SCHEME

1. a) i) -To determine the nature of the flow the fluids … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
- To measure various quantities e. g ρ, v etc … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
1
ii) P + ρgh + 2 ρv 2 = constant … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝑃 1
= 𝑔ℎ + v 2 = constant … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝜌 2

𝑃 v2
=ℎ+ = constant … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝜌𝑔 2g

b) i)

MsomiBora.com

From Bernoulli equation

1 1
𝑃1 + 𝜌𝑔ℎ1 + 2 𝜌𝑣 21 = 𝑃2 + 𝜌𝑔ℎ2 + 2 𝜌𝑣 2 2 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

ℎ1 = ℎ , ℎ2 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑣1 = 0 , 𝑃1 = 𝑃2 = 𝑃𝑎( 𝑎𝑡𝑚𝑜𝑠𝑜ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒)

1
𝑃𝑎 + 𝜌𝑔ℎ = 𝑃𝑎 + 2 𝜌𝑣 2 2 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
 √𝑣 2 2 = √2𝑔ℎ

𝑣 2 = √2𝑔ℎ

𝑣 2 = √2 × 9.8 × 5 = 9.9 𝑚⁄𝑠 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

ii) From
𝜌𝑔ℎ = 1⁄2 𝜌𝑣 2 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝐵𝑢𝑡 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = (𝐻 + ℎ)

v2
g(H + h) = … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2

𝑣 = √2𝑔(𝐻 + ℎ) … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

= √2 × 9.8 × (5 + 5)

𝑣 = 14.1𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

c) i) The streamline cannot cross each because the tangent at any point on a streamline gives
direction of flow of liquid at that point… . . (02 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

ii) solution
𝑣2
𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑 =
2𝑔

B𝑢𝑡 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝐻𝑔 = 0.5 × 13.6𝑚 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

v2
0.5 × 13.6m = … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2g

𝑣 = √0.5 × 13.5 × 2 × 9.8 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝑣 = 11.54m/sec … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

d) Flow meter is an instrument used to study the flow… . . (02 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

2. a) i) Amplitude is the maximum displacement of wave from equilibrium position. (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
ii) Frequency is the number of cycle per second … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
iii) Phase angle is the angular displacement of the wave at any instant … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
iv) Phase difference is the difference between two phase angles. … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
b) From the figure

0
i) 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑙 = ⇒ 0 = 2𝑙 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2

𝑣
𝑓0 = … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
0

𝑣
𝑓0 =
2𝑙

𝑣 = 2𝑙𝑓0

𝑣 = 2 × 0.6 × 40

𝑣 = 48𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝑇
ii) 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑣 = √𝜇 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝑇
𝑣2 =
𝜇
𝑚
𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝜇 = 𝑙

𝑇
𝑣2 = 𝑚
𝑙
𝑇𝑙
𝑣2 = … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑚

mv 2 3 × 10−2 × (48)2
T= =
l 0.6

T = 115.2N … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

 𝑝
c) i) 𝑣 = √𝜌

𝑚
𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝜌 =
𝑉

𝑝
𝑣 = √𝑚
𝑉

𝑝𝑉
𝑣=√
𝑚

𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑃𝑣𝑜 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇 (𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑛 − 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠)

𝑛𝑅
𝑣=√ . √𝑇 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑚

𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑛, 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡

𝑣 = 𝑘√𝑇

𝑣 ∝ √𝑇 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

Therefore, velocity of sound waves in air is directly proportional to the square

root of the absolute temperature.

p
ii) From v = √ρ for a constant pressure

√𝑝
𝑣= … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
√𝜌

𝑘
𝑣=
√𝜌

1
𝑣∝ … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
√ρ

Therefore, velocity of sound waves in air is inversely proportional to the

square root of the density.
 d) For dark rings
r2
2t = = m … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
R

r2
= m
R

r2
R=
m

(2.24 × 10−2 )2
R= … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
10 × 5 × 10−3

R = 0.01m … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

Therefore radius of curvature is 0.01m

For bright rings

r2 1
2t = = (m + ) λ
R 2
1
r 2 = (m + ) λR … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2
1
1 2
r = ((20 + ) × 5 × 10−3 × 0.01) … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2

r = 0.32 m

Therefore, the diameter is 0.64 m… . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

3. a) i) Hook’s law states that provided that the elastic limit is not exceed, the extension of a
material is directly proportion to the tension applied. … . . (02 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

ii) Solution
𝑒
𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑐ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝐹 = 𝐸𝐴
𝑙
1
𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 𝐹𝑒 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2

1 𝑒2
= 𝐸𝐴
2 𝑙
1
= 2 × 2 × 1011 × 3 × 10−6 × (1 × 10−3 )2 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 = 0.075𝐽 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

b) 𝐾𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 = 𝐸𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑢𝑏𝑏𝑒 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑒
Force stretching rubber, 𝐹 = 𝐸𝐴
𝑙

6 × 108 × 2 × 10−6 × 0.04

=
0.2

= 240𝑁 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

1
Energy stored in the rubber = F ∙ e
2
1
= × 240 × 0.04
2

= 4.8𝐽 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

1
∴ 𝑚𝑣 2 = 4.8𝑁
2
2 × 4.8
𝑣2 =
0.01

2 × 4.8𝑁
𝑣=√
0.01

𝑣 = 31𝑚/𝑠𝑒𝑐 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

c) i) Proves of surface tension of water

- Pond skaters walk on water ponds… . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
- A dry needle is made to float in water for some time although it is denser than
water. . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
- Drop lets of water are found to be formed in tapes when closed. … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

ii) Solution
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒 = 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 × 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎. . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

= 𝛾 × 2(4𝜋𝑟 2 ) (2 𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑐𝑡 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑖𝑟)

… . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

= 2.5 × 10−2 × 2 × 4𝜋(5 × 10−3 )2 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

= 1.57 × 10−5 𝐽 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

 d) Solution
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑠 = … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝

4 3
𝜋𝑅
125 = 3
4 3
3 𝜋𝑟

𝑅3
125 = … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑟3
𝑅 1
= (125) ⁄3
𝑟
1⁄
(125) 3
𝑟= … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑅
5
=
5

r = 1 mm … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

The radius of small drops is 1 mm.

1
4. a) i)Time constant of a capacitor is the time taken for a capacitor to discharge to 𝑒 of its
initial charge. … . . (02 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑠)

ii) from
𝑞2
𝐹= … . . (02 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑠)
2ԑ0 𝐴

(3 × 10−9 )2
= … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2 × 8.854 × 10−12 × 2.5 × 10−4

F = 2 × 10−3 N … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

b) i) Dielectric material is a non-conducting material inserted between the plates of a

capacitor to increase the capacitance. … . . (02 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑠)
 ii) Consider the circuit below

Before connection
𝑄 = 𝐶𝑉
ԑ0 𝐴
𝑄 = 300 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑑

After connection
𝑄 = 𝑄1 + 𝑄2 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

ԑ0 𝐴
300 = (𝐶1 + 𝐶2 )75
𝑑
ԑ0 𝐴 ԑ0 𝐴 ԑ0 ԑr 𝐴
300 =( + ) 75 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑

1 + ԑr = 4

ԑr = 3 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

The dielectric constant is 3

c) i) from 𝑄 = 𝐼𝑡 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝑄 𝑄
𝐼= 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝜎 = ⁄𝐴 ⇒ 𝑄 = 𝜎𝐴
𝑡
𝜎𝐴
𝐼= 𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝐴 = 𝑙 × 𝑏
𝑡
𝜎𝑙𝑏 𝑙
𝐼= 𝑏𝑢𝑡 =𝑣
𝑡 𝑡

𝐼 = 𝜎𝑣𝑏 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝐼 = 3 × 10−5 × 12 × 0.1 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

= 3.6 × 10−5 A … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

 1
ii) 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅 … . . (00 2 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
1
= 3.6 × 10−5 × 4 × 1010 … . . (00 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2
= 1.4 × 106 V … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

1
iii) 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑃 = 𝐼𝑉 … . . (00 2 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
1
= 3.6 × 10−5 × 1.4 × 106 … . . (00 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2
= 50.4 W … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

5. a) i) Ampere’s law states that for a conductor carrying current, I the integral taken around the
closed path and element dl is directly proportional to the current in the path.
𝑖. 𝑒 ∮ 𝐵 cos 𝜃 𝑑𝑙 = 𝜇0 𝐼 … . . (02 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑠)

ii) Consider the figure below

𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 ∮ 𝐵𝑑𝑙 = 𝜇0 𝐼

𝐵 ∮ 𝑑𝑙 = 𝜇0 𝐼

𝑋𝑊
𝐵𝑙 | = 𝜇0 𝐼 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
0

𝐵(𝑥𝑤) = 𝜇0 𝑁𝐼

𝜇0 𝑁𝐼
𝐵= … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑥𝑤

𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑥𝑤 = 𝑙

𝜇0 𝑁𝐼
𝐵= … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑙
𝑁
𝑏𝑢𝑡 =𝑛
𝑙

𝐵 = 𝜇0 𝑛 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
b) i) Consider the figure below

𝐵𝑃 = 𝐵𝑅 + 𝐵𝑆

𝜇0 𝐼𝑅 𝜇0 𝐼𝑆
= + … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2𝜋𝑎 2𝜋𝑎
𝜇0
= (𝐼 + 𝐼𝑆 )
2𝜋𝑎 𝑅

4𝜋 × 10−7
= (10 + 30) … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2𝜋(0.05)

= 1.6 × 10−4 𝑇 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

ii) Consider the figure below

𝐵𝑃 = 𝐵𝑅 − 𝐵𝑆 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝜇0 𝐼𝑅 𝐼𝑆
= ( − )
2𝜋 0.05 0.15

4 × 10−7 10 30
= ( − ) … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2𝜋 0.05 0.15

𝐵𝑃 = 0 𝑇 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
c) i) Self-inductance is defined as the flux change per unit current. … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝑑𝐼
ii) 𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑐𝑘 = −𝐿
𝑑𝑡

𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃 = 𝐼𝐸𝑏𝑎𝑐𝑘

𝑑𝐼
𝑃 = 𝐼𝐿 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑊 𝑑𝐼
= 𝐼𝐿 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑊 = 𝐼𝐿𝑑𝐼

∫ 𝑑𝑊 = 𝐿 ∫ 𝐼𝑑𝐼

1
𝑊 = 𝐿𝐼 2 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2

d) from
𝛷
𝐿=
𝐼
𝐵𝐴𝑁
𝐿=
𝐼
𝐿 𝐵𝐴
= … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑁 𝐼
0.25 𝐵𝐴
=
500 𝐼
𝐵𝐴
5 × 10−4 =
𝐼

𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝛷 = 𝐵𝐴

𝛷
5 × 10−4 =
𝐼𝑃

𝛷 = 5 × 10−4 𝐼𝑃 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

60% 𝑜𝑓 5 × 10−4 𝐼𝑃 = 3 × 10−4 𝐼𝑃

𝑑𝛷𝑁𝑆 1
∴𝑀= … . . (00 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑑𝐼𝑝 2
 3 × 10−4 𝑑𝐼𝑝 × 1000 1
= … . . (00 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑑𝐼𝑝 2

𝑀 = 3𝐻 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

6. a) i) In Rutherford’s Model electron revolve around the nucleus in any orbit while in Bohr’s
1
model the electron revolve around the nucleus in orbit of defined radii . . (01 2 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

In Rutherford’s mode electron lose energy continuously while in Bohr’s model on atom
emit radiation only when electron makes change of one energy level to another state
1
. . (01 2 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

b) From
𝑅𝐻 ℎ𝑐
𝐸𝑛 =
𝑛2

𝐸𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝐸∝ − 𝐸1

= 𝑅𝐻 ℎ𝑐

= 13.6𝑒𝑉

−13.6𝑒𝑉 1
𝐸𝑛 = … . . (00 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑛2 2

ℎ𝑐 6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 108 1

𝐸= = … . . (00 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
 975 × 10 −10 2

𝐸 = 2.04 × 10−18 𝐽

1
= 12.75𝑒𝑉 … . . (00 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
2

Suppose electrons jumps from 𝑛 = 1 𝑡𝑜 𝑛 = 𝑛

𝑅𝐻 ℎ𝑐 𝑅𝐻 ℎ𝑐 1
𝐸𝑛 = − 2
− (− 2 ) … . . (00 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
𝑛 1 2

1
= 𝑅𝐻 ℎ𝑐 [1 − ]
𝑛2

1
12.75𝑒𝑉 = 𝑅𝐻 ℎ𝑐 [1 − ]
𝑛2

𝑛 = 4 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
 The resulting transitions

1
It is clearly that there are six visible lines … . . (00 2 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

The longest wavelength is from 𝑛 = 4 𝑡𝑜 𝑛 = 3

13.6𝑒𝑉 13.6𝑒𝑉
∆𝐸 = − … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
32 42

∆𝐸 = 0.667𝑒𝑉

∆𝐸 = 0.667 × 1.6 × 10−18 𝐽

ℎ𝑐
𝐵𝑢𝑡 ∆𝐸 =


ℎ𝑐 6.637 × 10−34 × 3 × 108

= = … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
∆𝐸 0.661 × 1.6 × 10−19

 = 18807𝐴̇ … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

c) Solution
2
Number of atom in kg = × 6.02 × 1026
235

= 5.12 × 1024 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

𝐹𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 = 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠 𝑓𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑛 1 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑

5.12 × 1024
= … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
30 × 24 × 60 × 60

= 1.975 × 1018 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑

𝐸𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠185 𝑀𝑒𝑣 𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑦 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

Therefore
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = 185 × 𝑓𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

= 185 × 1.975 × 1018 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)

= 58.46 × 106 𝐽⁄𝑠

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = 58.46𝑀𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡 … . . (01 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘)
d) i) Because neutron has no charge, it hit the nucleus directly with no any repelling or
attracting by the nucleus or electrons… . . (02 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑠)

ii) Nuclear reactor is a device in which controlled fission chain reaction takes place.
… . . (02 𝑚𝑎𝑟𝑘𝑠)