Boilerplate
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Body -->
</body>
</html>
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Headings
There are six headings available in HTML, <h1> is the largest among all, and
<h6> is the smallest.
<h1> Tag
<h1>Heading 1</h1>
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<h2> Tag
<h2>Heading 2</h2>
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<h3> Tag
<h3>Heading 3</h3>
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<h4> Tag
<h4>Heading 4</h4>
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<h5> Tag
<h5>Heading 5</h5>
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<h6> Tag
<h6>Heading 6</h6>
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Container
Container tags are the tags that contain some data such as text, image, etc. There
are several container tags in HTML.
div tag
The div tag or division tag is used to make blocks or divisions in the document.
<div> This is div block </div>
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span tag
The span is a container for inline content
<span> This is span block </span>
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p tag
The p tag is used to create a paragraph in HTML
<p> This is a paragraph </p>
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pre tag
The pre tag represents pre-formatted text
<pre> Hello World </pre>
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code tag
The code tag is used to represent source codes in HTML
<code>
import python
</code>
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Text Formatting
Text formatting tags are used to format text or data in HTML documents. You
can do certain things like creating italic, bold, and strong text to make your
document look more attractive and understandable.
<b> tag
<b>I'm bold text</b>
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<strong> tag
<strong>I'm important text</strong>
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<i> tag
<i>I'm italic text</i>
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<em> tag
<em>Emphasized text</em>
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<sub> tag
<sub>Subscript</sub>
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<sup> tag
<sup>Superscript</sup>
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Lists
Lists can be either numerical, alphabetic, bullet, or other symbols. You can
specify list type and list items in HTML for a clean document.
<ol> tag
The ordered list starts with <ol> tag and each list item starts with an <li> tag
<ol>
<li>Data 1</li>
<li>Data 2</li>
<li>Data 3</li>
</ol>
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<ul> tag
<ul>
<li>Your Data</li>
<li>Your Data</li>
</ul>
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Media
Media is anything that is present in digital form such as image, video, audio, etc.
<audio> tag
It is used to embed sound content in the document.
<audio controls>
<source src="demo.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
Your browser does not support the audio element.
</audio>
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<img> tag
It is used to embed or import images in a webpage.
<img src="Source_of_image" alt="Alternate text">
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<video> tag
It is used to embed videos on a webpage.
<video width="480" height="320" controls>
<source src="demo_move.mp4" type="video/mp4">
Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>
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Table
A table is a collection of rows and columns. It is used to represent data in tabular
form.
Table Structure
<table>
<caption>Demo Table</caption>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Column1</th>
<th colspan="2">Column2</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Data1</td>
<td>Data2</td>
<td>Data2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Data1</td>
<td>Data2</td>
<td>Data2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td>Data</td>
<td>Data</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
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Links
Links are clickable text that can redirect you to some other page.
<a> tag
<a> or anchor tag defines a hyperlink. When clicked, it takes you to some other
page
<a href="https://www.codewithharry.com/">Visit
CodeWithHarry.com!</a>
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Form
The form is used to collect the user's input, generally, the user's data is sent to the
server for further processing.
<form action="/action.php" method="post">
<textarea cols="20" name="comments"
rows="5">Comment</textarea><br />
<label><input name="terms" type="checkbox" value="tandc"
/>Accept terms</label> <br />
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
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Form Elements
We use various input types and buttons inside a form as form elements
Text Input
<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Enter
Username">
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Password Input
<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Enter
Password">
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Checkbox
<input type="checkbox" name="agree" value="yes"> I agree
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Radio Button
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="male">
Male<br><input type="radio" name="gender" value="female">
Female
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Submit Button
<input type="submit" value="Submit">
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Button
<button type="button">Click Me</button>
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Select (Dropdown) List
<select name="country"><option value="usa">United
States</option><option
value="canada">Canada</option></select>
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Textarea
<textarea name="comments" rows="4" cols="50">Enter comments
here</textarea>
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File Input
<input type="file" name="fileupload">
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Range Input
<input type="range" name="volume" min="0" max="100">
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Number Input
<input type="number" name="quantity" min="1" max="10">
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Email Input
<input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Enter Email">
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Search Input
<input type="search" name="query" placeholder="Search">
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URL Input
<input type="url" name="website" placeholder="Enter URL">
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Date Input
<input type="date" name="birthdate">
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Characters & Symbols
Some symbols are not directly present on the keyboard, but there are some ways
to use them in HTML documents. We can display them either by entity name,
decimal, or hexadecimal value.
Copyright Symbol (©)
©
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Less than (<)
<
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Greater than (>)
>
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Ampersand (&)
&
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Dollar ($)
$
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Random Text
Elon Musk
Elon Reeve Musk FRS is an entrepreneur and business magnate.
He is the founder, CEO, and Chief Engineer at SpaceX; early
stage investor, CEO, and Product Architect of Tesla, Inc.;
founder of The Boring Company; and co-founder of Neuralink
and OpenAI. A centibillionaire, Musk is one of the richest
people in the world.
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Semantic Elements
Semantic elements are those that convey their meaning and purpose clearly
through their name alone.
<section> tag
It defines a section in the document
<section>This is a section</section>
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<article> tag
It represents self-contained content
<article> Enter your data here </article>
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<aside> tag
It is used to place content in the sidebar
<aside> Your data </aside>
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Meta Tags
Meta tags define metadata about the document, such as author, description, and
keywords.
<meta name="description" content="This is a description of
the page">
<meta name="keywords" content="HTML, CSS, JavaScript">
<meta name="author" content="Author Name">
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CSS Integration
CSS integration can be done to style our HTML document using internal or
external CSS.
<style>
body { background-color: lightblue; }
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
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Accessibility
Make your webpage accessible to all users with these best practices.
<img src="image.jpg" alt="Description of Image">
<label for="name">Name:</label> <input type="text" id="name"
name="name">
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Responsive Design
Design your webpage to adapt to different screen sizes using CSS media queries.
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-
scale=1">
<style>
@media (max-width: 600px) {
body { font-size: 18px; }
}
</style>
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JavaScript Integration
Embed JavaScript directly or link to an external file for added functionality.
<script>
alert('Hello, World!');
</script>
<script src="script.js"></script>
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Comments
Comments allow you to leave notes in your code, which are ignored by
browsers.
<!-- This is a comment -->
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Other tips for HTML Beginners
1. Use a Modern Text Editor
Tools like Visual Studio Code (VS Code) provide syntax highlighting,
autocompletion, and other helpful features. VS Code also supports Emmet for
faster HTML and CSS coding.
2. Utilize Emmet
Emmet is a plugin available in many text editors that allows you to write HTML
and CSS more quickly. For example, typing ul>li*5 and then pressing 'Tab'
will create a <ul> element with five <li> children as shown below:
<ul>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
</ul>
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3. Indent Your Code
Properly indenting your code makes it more readable. Most modern text editors
offer automatic indentation.
4. Always Close Tags
Make sure to close all of your HTML tags. This helps to avoid unexpected
rendering issues.
5. Learn CSS and JavaScript
Understanding CSS and JavaScript can help you create more dynamic and
visually appealing websites. Consider studying them alongside HTML.
6. Use Comments Wisely
Comments can be helpful for leaving notes and reminders in your code, or for
temporarily disabling a section of HTML.
7. Practice Regularly
Like any skill, practice makes perfect. Try building different types of web pages
to improve your understanding and proficiency in HTML.
8. Learn about Responsive Design
Responsive design ensures that your website looks good on all devices. Learning
about media queries and flexible grid layouts is essential for modern web
development.
