The document provides a review on DNA structure and replication including key vocabulary terms and practice questions. It covers the components of DNA, its double helix structure, base pairing rules, the role of enzymes in replication, and that replication results in two identical DNA molecules.
The document provides a review on DNA structure and replication including key vocabulary terms and practice questions. It covers the components of DNA, its double helix structure, base pairing rules, the role of enzymes in replication, and that replication results in two identical DNA molecules.
The document provides a review on DNA structure and replication including key vocabulary terms and practice questions. It covers the components of DNA, its double helix structure, base pairing rules, the role of enzymes in replication, and that replication results in two identical DNA molecules.
The document provides a review on DNA structure and replication including key vocabulary terms and practice questions. It covers the components of DNA, its double helix structure, base pairing rules, the role of enzymes in replication, and that replication results in two identical DNA molecules.
Practice Questions- Fill in the blanks, Multiple Choice, & Labeling:
1. The letters “DNA” stand for ______Deozirobosnucleic acid_______________________________.
2. DNA is composed of smaller subunits known as
_________Nucleotides_______________.
3. The three parts of a nucleotide are __________sugar ___________,
____phosphate____________________, and ______________Nitrogeniouse base__________.
4. The four nitrogen bases that are found in DNA are _________ _________, __________________, ____________________ and ____________________.
5. Two of the nitrogen bases are single ring structures known as
_____Purines_______________. These two bases are _____Cytosine__________ and _______Thymine________.
6. The other two bases are double ring structures known as _____Purines_____________. These two bases are ______Guanine_____________ and _______Adenine____________.
7. The two molecules that make up the sides of the ladder or the side portion of a DNA molecule are ____Deoxirobose Sugar____________ and ________Phosphate_________.
8. The molecules that meet across the middle, forming the steps of the “ladder’” are known as Nitrogenous bases____________________.
9. Which nitrogen bases always pair with one another?
1 Biology Unit 2 DNA Structure & Replication Review
10. According to Chargaff’s base pair rules, the percentages of
______Adinine______________ are equal to those of thymine and the percentages of ____________Cytosine_________ are equal to those of guanine in the DNA molecule.
11. The nitrogen bases are held together in the center by _________Hydrogen Bonds______________.
12. True or False (Circle one) According to the principle of base pairing, hydrogen bonds could form only between adenine and cytosine.
13. The type of sugar found in DNA is __________Deoxirobose______________.
14. Label the parts of the DNA Molecule. Include all of these terms: ❏ nucleotide ❏ Phosphate ❏ Deoxyribose sugar ❏ nitrogen base ❏ hydrogen bond ❏ Purine ❏ Pyrimidine ❏ the 5’ end, the 3’ end ❏ Adenine ❏ Thymine ❏ Cytosine ❏ Guanine
15. The process in which DNA builds an exact duplicate of itself is known as ____Replication___________________.
16. What is the primary function of DNA?
2 Biology Unit 2 DNA Structure & Replication Review
17. Why is it so important that the DNA molecule be able to make copies of itself?
So that DNA can be in the new cell, growth and function
18. During replication, enzymes called _______Helicase_____________ untwist the double
helix, separating the two original strands.
19. Enzymes called __________DNA Polymerase__________________ move along the
separated strands assembling the new strands of DNA & proofreading.
20. When replication is complete, two ___Identical and complimentary_____ copies of the DNA molecule have been produced.
21. True or False? Each DNA molecule resulting from replication has one original strand and one new strand.
22. The scientific name for the shape of DNA.
A. protein molecule B. a ladder C. double helix D. spherical 23. What holds the base pairs together? A. sugar B. hydrogen bonds C. base D. nitrogen bonds 24. The process by which a DNA molecule is copied is called A. binary fission B. duplication C. replication D. reproduction 25. If a DNA strand is ATGGACATA, then what is the complementary strand? A. ATGGACATA B. TACCTGTAA C. ATGGACAAT D. TACCTGTAT 26. The process of DNA copying itself takes place in which organelle? A. nucleus B. ribosome C. endoplasmic reticulum D. plasma membrane 27. Genetic variation is based on the order of the ________ that form the linked subunits in DNA.
3 Biology Unit 2 DNA Structure & Replication Review
A. sugar group B. nitrogen bases C. hydrogen bonds D. phosphate groups 28. The sides of the DNA ladder (DNA backbone) are made of A. nitrogen bases B. protein C. phosphates and deoxyribose D. deoxyribose only
