REPORT ON

BLOOD BANK
VISIT TO
MORYA BLOOD BANK
ARRANGED FOR :-
T.Y.B.Sc MICROBIOLOGY
S.M.DR.D.Y.PATIL COLLEGE OF BBA-CA, ARTS,
COMMERCE AND SCIENCE, SHAHUNAGAR,
CHINCHWAD, PUNE :- 411019, MAHARASHTRA,
INDIA .
Affiliated With
SavitriBai Phule Pune University.
 Visit Report of Morya Blood Bank
2023-24
-: Submitted by :-
Siddhi Ram Yadav
Degree of T.Y.B.Sc Under the Guidance
Of :-
Prof . Chanchal Chaudhari
And
Prof . Hrutuja Gopnarayan
Through Dr. D.Y. Patil College of
Computer and Business Studies 162,
GP, Shahunagar, MIDC, Chinchwad.
 General Information About
Morya Blood Bank

• Name :- Morya Blood Centre

• Contact No :- (020) 27462000
• Email-id :- morayabloodbank7@gmail.com
• Address :- N.B Engineers, Plot no. SE/1/t-1,
D-2 Block, MIDC, Near Mohan Nagar,
Chinchwad, Pune:- 411019.
• Date of Visit :- 12 March,2024.
• Day :- Monday

Objective
The objective was to create awareness for blood banking
procedures. During our visit, we were informed about Donor
selection, Apharesis procedure, transfusion, transmissible
infectious diseases, testing techniques, workflow of
serological lab, component separation techniques, cross-
matching techniques and storage of blood.
Blood bank : A place where blood is collected from donors, typed,
separated into components, stored, and prepared for transfusion to
recipients. A blood bank may be a separate freestanding facility or a
part of a larger laboratory in a hospital.
Separation of blood : Typically each donated unit of blood (whole
blood) is separated into multiple components, such as a red blood
cells, plasma and platelets. Each component is generally transfused
to a different individual , each with different needs.
And increasingly common blood bank procedure is apheresis, or the
process of removing a specific component of a blood, such as
platelets, and returning the remaining components, such as red
blood cells and plasma to the donor. This process alows more of one
particular part of blood to be collected and could be separated from
a unit of whole blood. Apheresis is also performed to collect plasma
and granulocytes .
Who receives the blood : Accident victims, people undergoing
surgery and patients receiving treatment for leukemia, cancer or
other diseases, such as Sickle Cell diseases and thalassemia, all utilise
blood. Over 20 million units of blood components are transfused
every year in the US.
Giving blood to yourself : Patients scheduled for surgery maybe
eligible to donate blood for themselves, as a process known as an
autologous blood donation. In the weeks before non-emergency
surgery and autologus donor maybe able to donate blood that will be
stored until the surgical procedure.
Typing and testing blood: After blood is drawn, it is tested for the
ABO blood group type and the RH type (positive or negative), as well
as for any unexpected red blood cell antibodies that may cause
problem in the recipient. Screening test are also performed for
evidence of donor infections with hepatitis viruses B and C, human
immuno deficiency viruses (HIV) 1 and 2, human T- lymphotropic
viruses (HTLV) 1 and 2 and syphilis.
 Storage of Blood
Storage of Blood :- Blood storage is an important process
in the blood banking industry as it helps maintain the quality of
blood and its medical effectiveness. Blood can be stored in a
few different ways, but the most common method is
refrigeration.
Blood banks depend on donors to provide blood and blood
components. When blood is collected from a donor, it must be
processed to remove red blood cells and plasma (the liquid
part of blood), which are used for transfusions. The remaining
white blood cells and platelets are stored in a cryopreservation
solution and frozen at temperatures below -80°C. The process
keeps the cells alive until they are needed for
transfusion. Blood storage and preservation is vital as soon as
the blood is collected from a donor, blood must be stored at
the right temperature in order to preserve its vital cells,
proteins, and molecules. Blood bank storage ensures purity of
blood.
Storage of blood products in a blood bank is important for blood
banks because it allows them to create a stable supply of safe
blood that can be stored for years without losing its
effectiveness. The storage process also allows hospitals to
ensure they have enough blood on hand to meet the needs of
their patients when they need it most.
 Long Term Storage : Long-term storage for all blood products is
relatively uncommon, compared to routine/ short term storage.
Cryopreservation of red blood cells is done to store rare units for up
to 10 years. The cells are incubated in a glycerol solution which acts as
an cryoprotectant (antifreeze*) within the cells. The units are there
pleased in the special sterile container in a freezer at a very low
temperatures. The exact temperature depends on the glycerol
concentration.
Step One
The Donation
• Donor arrive for blood donation appointment.
• Health history and mini physical are completed.
• For a whole blood donation, about 1 pint of blood is collected;
several small test tubes of blood are also collected for testing.
• Blood donation, test tubes and donor record are labeled with an
identical bar code label.
• Donor donation is kept on ice before being taken to a Red Cross center
for processing; the test tubes go to the lab.

Donor Selection
• Donor should be free from skin disease at the site of phlebotomy,
cleaning.
• No person shall donate blood more than once in a 3 months.
• Donor should be in a age group of 18 to 65 years, not less than
45 kg for whole blood and 50 kg for components.
• Temperature and Pulse should be normal.
• Haemoglobin of Donor should not be less than 12.5 g/dl.
• The systolic and diastolic blood pressure are within normal limits
without medication.
• Donor should be free from acute respiratory diseases.
• Deferment condition :
Abortions – 6 months
History of blood transfusion – 6 months Surgery – 12 months
Typhoid – 12 months
Rabies vaccination – 1 year after vaccination.

Collection of Blood from Donor

• Collection should be done by aseptic methods using sterile
closed system.
• Blood bags must contain sufficient quantity of anticoagulant
according to the quantity of blood collected.
• Blood collected should not be more than 10.5 ml/kg for
donation.
• Needles must be disposed safely.
• In case of :
Fainting : Apply cold compress to forehead,loosen tight
clothing.
Nausea and Vomiting : Breathe slowly, make donor
comfortable.
Cardiac difficulties : Call for immediate aid .
 STEP TWO
Processing
• At our processing center, information about your donation is scanned
into a computer database.
• Most whole blood donations are spun in centrifuges to separate it
into transfusable components: red cells, platelets, and plasma.
• Plasma may be processed into components such as cryoprecipitate,
which helps control the risk of bleeding by helping blood to clot.
• Red cells and platelets are leuko-reduced, which means your white
cells are removed in order to reduce the possibility of the recipient
having a reaction to the transfusion.
• Each component is packaged as a “unit,” a standardized amount that
doctors will use when transfusing a patient.

STEP THREE

Testing
• In parallel with Step 2, your test tubes arrive at a testing laboratory.
• A dozen tests are performed, to establish the blood type and test for
infectious diseases.
• Test results are transferred electronically to the processing center
within 24 hours.
• If a test result is positive, your donation will be discarded and you will
be notified (our test results are confidential and are only shared with
the donor, except as may be required by law).
 STEP FOUR

Storage
• When test results are received, units suitable for transfusion are
labeled and stored.
• Red cells are stored in refrigerators at 6ºC for up to 42 days.
• Platelets are stored at room temperature in agitators for up to five
days.
• Plasma and cryo are frozen and stored in freezers for up to one year.

STEP FIVE
Distribution
• Blood is available to be shipped to hospitals 24 hours a day, 7 days a
week.
• Hospitals typically keep some blood units on their shelves, but may
call for more at any time, such as in case of large scale emergencies
 STEP SIX

Transfusion
• An ill or injured patient arrives at a hospital or treatment center.
• Physicians determine whether the patient requires a transfusion and,
if so, which type.
• Blood transfusions are given to patients in a wide range of
circumstances, including serious injuries (such as in a car crash)
surgeries, child birth, anemia, blood disorders, cancer treatments,
and many others.
• A patient suffering from an iron deficiency or anemia may receive
red blood cells to increase their hemoglobin and iron levels,
improving the amount of oxygen in the body.
• Patients who are unable to make enough platelets, due to illness or
chemotherapy, may receive platelet transfusions to stay healthy.
• Plasma transfusions are used for patients with liver failure, severe
infections, and serious burns.
 Types of Blood Donation
Platelet Donation
Platelets are tiny cells in blood that form clots and stop bleeding.
Platelets are most often used by cancer patients and others facing
life-threatening illnesses and injuries.

In a platelet donation, an apheresis machine collects your platelets

along with some plasma, returning your red cells and most of the
plasma back to you. A single donation of platelets can yield several
transfusable units, whereas it takes about five whole blood
donations to make up a single transfusable unit of platelets.

Platelets are collected at Red Cross donation centers only, and are
not collected at blood drives.

Who it helps: Platelets are a vital element of cancer treatments and

organ transplant procedures, as well as other surgical procedures.

Time it takes: About 2.5-3 hours.

Ideal blood types: A positive, A negative, B positive, O positive, AB

positive and AB negative.

Donation frequency: Every 7 days, up to 24 times/year.

Blood Antigens Antibodies Can give Can receive

Group blood (RBC) blood (RBC)
to from
AB A and B None AB AB, A, B, O

A A B A and AB A and O
B B A B and AB B and O
O None A and B AB, A, B, O O
 Plasma Donation
During an AB Elite donation, donor give plasma, a part of donor
blood used to treat patients in emergency situations. AB plasma can
be given to anyone regardless of their blood type. Plasma is collected
through an automated process that separates plasma from other
blood components, then safely and comfortably returns your red
blood cells and platelets to you. AB Elite maximizes your donation
and takes just a few minutes longer than donating blood.

Plasma is collected at select Red Cross donation centers.

Who it helps: AB Plasma is used in emergency and trauma situations

to help stop bleeding.

Time it takes: About 1 hour and 15 minutes

Ideal blood types: AB positive, AB negative

Donation frequency: Every 28 days, up to 13 times/year