1.

General
The scope of this calculation report is to perform the outfall structure design and
its calculation related to the PV plant area of SANTA MARCELINO 283MWDC
Solar Power Project. It is the distribution outfall structure design document.

2.Design standard:
The criteria for the design of concrete cover detail that will be considered are

based on ACI 318-19 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete ， PNS-

BAFS-PAES-221_2017-Design-of-Canal-Structures-Road-Crossing-Drop-Siphon-
and-Elevated-Flume-converted as applicable.

3.Initial assuming
a. The concrete shall be grade C30, the specified cube compressive strength is
30N/mm2.
b. Grade 40 reinforcement will be used, with a minimum yield strength of
275N/mm2. Grade 60 reinforcement will be used, with a minimum yield strength of
415N/mm2.
c. Initial design for foundation is as follow, refer to SCSEI.TED.0015-17 B13
Typical Outfall Structure.
d. Considering 1m length wall to check.
 Fig.3-1 Outfall structure foundation section

4. Chute and baffle calculation

4.1 Chute width
As per SCSEI.CIV.CAL.1002 Drainage System Calculation, flow drainage ditch
1 flow rate Q1= 1.24m3/s, then total flow three ditch 1 at B13 outfall structure is
3
Q=1.24 ×3=3.72m / s.
Then the chute width is
Q 3.72
B= = =2.38 m , taken as 2.4m
q 1.562
Where,
q is the canal discharge per unit width(m3/m), when Q is at 3 to 5, take a liner
interpolation, q=1.562 m3/m.
dc is the critical depth(m)
 4.2 Baffle block size
Critical depth is

d c=
√ √
3q2 3 1.5622
g
=
9.8
=0.63 m

Where,
q is the canal discharge per unit width(m3/m)
Then the height of baffle block is
h b=0.9 d c =0.567 m , taken as 0.6m
The width and spacing should be line between 1 to 1.5 times of baffle block
height. Taken the height, width and spacing of baffle block is 0.6m.
4.3 Height of size wall
As per table 6, sidewall height is 1.5m.

5. Strength calculation
5.1 Load calculation
(a). Seismic load
2.5× C a × I ×W 2.5 ×0.44 ×1 ×5.63
V max = = =2.06 kN
R 3
Where
I=Importance Factor, I =1.0
CV=Seismic coefficient, C v =0.768
Ca=Seismic coefficient, C a=0.44
R=Response modification coefficient, R=3
T=The fundamental period of building, T =0.9
W=Self weight of outfall, W =1× 0.15 ×1.5 ×25=5.63 kN
 1
The moment subject to concrete wall bottom is M e = ×2.06 ×1.5=1.55 kN ∙ m
2
(c). Soil pressure
Considering long direction wall to check, out-of-plane load is soil pressure, the
shear force and bending moment is
1 2
E a= γ K a H =8.38 kN /m
2
V s =8.38 ×1.0=8.38 kN
Where,
3
γ isunit weight , γ =17 kN /m

(
K a is active pressure factor, K a =tan2 45 °−
φ
2)=0.438

φ is friction angle, φ=23 ° . From geological report PV-BH 13

H is effective depth, H=1.5m.
1
The moment subject to concrete wall bottom is M s= × 8.38 ×1.5=4.19 kN ∙ m
3
(d). Load combination
As per ASCE7-10, the maximum bending moment is as below,
1.2 D+ 1.0 E=1.2 × 4.19+1.55=6.58 kN ∙ m

5.2 Strength calculation

(a). Flexure strength
Then required reinforcement area for wall is,
Mu 6.58 ×10
6
A s= =
a a
∅ f y (d − ) 0.9× 275 ×(150− )
2 2

As f y 275 A s
a= =
0.85 f c ' b 0.85 ×21.1 ×1000

2
A s=245 mm

Taken as A s=678 mm2 , chosen ∅12@200.

The minimum reinforcement for flexural members is as follows, which refer to

section 9.6.1.2, ACI 318-19.
 0.25 √ f 'c 0.25 × √ 21.1 2
A s ,min = bw d = ×1000 × ( 150−40 ) =459 mm
fy 275

1.4 bw d 1.4 ×1000 ×(150−40) 2

And no less than A s ,min = = =560 mm
fy 275

Thus, the minimum reinforcement area is 560 mm2.

'
fc 21.1 2
A s ,max =ρmax b w d=0.36 × β 1 × =0.36 × 0.85 × ×1000 × ( 150−40 )=2582 mm
fy 275

Thus, the maximum reinforcement area is 2582 mm2.

A s ,min < A s < A s ,max , Ok.

Where, f 'c= specified compressive strength of concrete.

f y = specified yield strength of transverse reinforcement.

b w=web width, wall thickness, or diameter of circular section.
d =distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of longitudinal tension
reinforcement. Concrete cover is 40mm.
(b) Shear strength
As per ACI318-19 section 22.5.1.2 and table 22.5.5.1, for members subject to shear
and flexure only, shear strength shall be,

V u ≤ ϕ (V c + 0.66 √ f c ' bw d )

¿ 0.75 × [ √ 21.1 ×1000 × ( 150−40 ) × ( 0.17+0.66 ) ]=272 kN

V c =0.17 λ √ f c ' bw d

Shear force from dead and live load is,

V u=8.38 kN
V c >V u, OK
Where,
λ = modification factor reflecting the reduced1mechanical properties of lightweight

concrete, all relative to normalweight concrete of the same compressive strength ，

λ=¿1.0 for normalweight concrete.

ϕ =Strength reduction factors, for shear ϕ=0.75

(c)Reinforcement limits
 Refer to ACI318-14 section 14.3 and ACI318-19 section 11.6 for reinforcement
limits, minimum ratio of vertical and horizontal reinforcement is 0.0025, which is less
1856
then ρ= =0.0056 , Ok.
1150 × 210

Chosen ∅12 reinforcement and spacing is 200mm for concrete wall and footing.

6.Cut-off wall calculation

Considering 1m wall to check, out-of-plane load is soil pressure, the shear force
and bending moment is
1 2
E a= γ K a H =14.89 kN /m
2
V s =14.89 ×1.0=14.89 kN
Where,
3
γ isunit weight , γ =17 kN /m

(
K a is active pressure factor, K a =tan2 45 °−
φ
2)=0.438

φ is friction angle, φ=23 ° . From geological report PV-BH 13

H is effective depth, H=2.0m.
1
The moment subject to concrete wall bottom is M s= × 14.89 ×2.0=9.93 kN ∙ m
3
Then required reinforcement area for wall is,
Mu 1.2 ×9.93 ×10
6
A s= =
a a
∅ f y (d − ) 0.9× 275 ×(160− )
2 2

As f y 275 A s
a= =
0.85 f c ' b 0.85 ×21.1 ×1000

2
A s=305 mm

Taken as A s=904 mm2, chosen ∅12@150.

The minimum reinforcement for flexural members is as follows, which refer to

section 9.6.1.2, ACI 318-19.
 0.25 √ f 'c 0.25 × √ 21.1 2
A s ,min = bw d = ×1000 × ( 200−40 )=668 mm
fy 275

1.4 bw d 1.4 ×1000 ×(200−40) 2

And no less than A s ,min = = =814 mm
fy 275

Thus, the minimum reinforcement area is 560 mm2.

'
fc 21.1 2
A s ,max =ρmax b w d=0.36 × β 1 × =0.36 × 0.85 × ×1000 × ( 200−40 )=3756 mm
fy 275

Thus, the maximum reinforcement area is 3756 mm2 .

A s ,min < A s < A s ,max , Ok.
Chosen ∅12 reinforcement and spacing is 150mm for cut-off wall.

7. Cantilever slab calculation

This part is for cantilever slab calculation where is shown as below,
 Cantilever slab location

Taken cantilever slab length is 1.28m.

7.1 Load combination
Slab self load, q s=3 × 0.25 ×25=18.75 kN /m
Wall load, q w =0.15 ×1.5 × 25=5.625 kN /m
Consider water load as live load, q f =0.63 ×2.4 × 10=15.12 kN /m
Bending moment
1 2
Dead load, M D = × ( 18.75+5.625 ) × 1.28 =19.97 kN ∙ m
2
1 2
Live load M L = ×15.12 ×1.28 =12.39 kN ∙ m
2
Then the maximum load combination is
1 .2 D+1.6 L=1.2×19.97 +1.6 ×12.39=43.79 kN ∙ m
7.2 Strength calculation
(a). Flexure strength
Then required reinforcement area for wall is,
Mu 43.79× 10
6
A s= =
a a
∅ f y (d − ) 0.9× 415 ×(250− )
2 2

As f y 415 A s
a= =
0.85 f c ' b 0.85 ×21.1 ×3000

2
A s=566 mm
 Taken as A s=3216 mm2 , chosen grade 60, ∅16@200.

The minimum reinforcement for flexural members is as follows, which refer to

section 9.6.1.2, ACI 318-19.

0.25 √ f 'c 0.25 × √21.1 2

A s ,min = bw d = ×3000 × ( 250−40 )=1743 mm
fy 415

1.4 bw d 1.4 ×3000 ×(250−40) 2

And no less than A s ,min = = =2125 mm
fy 415

Thus, the minimum reinforcement area is 2125 mm2.

'
fc 21.1 2
A s ,max =ρmax b w d=0.36 × β 1 × =0.36 × 0.85 × ×3000 × ( 250−40 )=9801 mm
fy 415

Thus, the maximum reinforcement area is 9801 mm2.

A s ,min < A s < A s ,max , Ok.

Where, f 'c= specified compressive strength of concrete.

f y = specified yield strength of transverse reinforcement.

b w=web width, wall thickness, or diameter of circular section.
d =distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of longitudinal tension
reinforcement. Concrete cover is 40mm.
(b) Shear strength
As per ACI318-19 section 22.5.1.2 and table 22.5.5.1, for members subject to shear
and flexure only, shear strength shall be,

V u ≤ ϕ (V c + 0.66 √ f c ' bw d )

¿ 0.75 × [ √ 21.1 ×3000 × ( 250−40 ) × ( 0.17+0.66 ) ]=1801 kN

V c =0.17 λ √ f c ' bw d

Shear force from dead and live load is,

V u=1.2 × (18.75+ 5.625 ) × 1.28+1.6 ×15.12 ×1.28=68.4 kN

V c >V u, OK
Where,
λ = modification factor reflecting the reduced1mechanical properties of lightweight
concrete, all relative to normalweight concrete of the same compressive strength ，

λ=¿1.0 for normalweight concrete.

ϕ =Strength reduction factors, for shear ϕ=0.75

7.3 Deflection check

4 4
ql (24.275+15.12)×1280 1280
ω= = =0.12 mm< =8.53 mm, OK
8 EI 8 ×2.8 ×10 4 ×3.9 ×10 9 150

Where,

Ec =¿modulus of elasticity of concrete, Ec =2.8× 104 Mpa

3 3
b h 3000× 250 9
I =¿ moment of inertia I = = =3.9 ×10
12 12
L=length of slab
 8.Support structure calculation
Load based on support structure,
1) Vertical load
Dead load, F wall=2 ×(0.15 ×1.5 ×1.5)× 25=16.88 kN
Live load, F water=(0.63 ×1.5 × 2.4)× 10=22.68 kN

2) Horizontal load
For pilecap seismic load
C v × I × W 0.768 ×1 ×(73.13+16.96)
V max = = =25.63 kN
R×T 3 ×0.9
For cantilever plate seismic load
C v × I × W 0.768 ×1 ×(24.0+14.4)
V max = = =9.78 kN
R×T 3 ×0.9

Where，

I=Importance Factor, I=1.0

Ca=Seismic coefficient, Cv=0.768
R=Response modification coefficient, R=3
T=Natural period, T=0.9
W=Self weight,
W pilecap =1.5 ×3 × 0.65× 25=73.13 kN
W cantilever =1.28× 3 ×0.25 ×25=24.0 kN
W 1.5 wall =1.5 ×0.15 ×1.5 × 25× 2=16.96 kN
W 1.28 wall =1.28× 0.15 ×1.5 ×25 × 2=14.40 kN
Then seismic load based on the central of pilecap is
M S =25.63 ×1.5/2+9.78 ×(1.28+1.5)/2=32.78 kN ∙m
3) Cantilever plate moment
Consider 1.28m cantilever load as moment based on the central of pilecap,
Self load M CS =(24 +14.4)×(1.28+1.5)/2=53.38 kN ∙ m
Water load M CW =1.28 ×2.4 × 0.63 ×10 ×(1.28+1.5)/2=26.27 kN ∙ m
 4) Load combination
Load case on the central of pilecap,
Vertical section
Dead load, F wall=16.88 kN
Live load, F water=22.68 kN
Bending moment
Dead load, M CS =53.38 kN ∙ m
Live load, M CW =26.27 kN ∙ m
Seismic load, M S =32.78 kN ∙ m
Pilecap
Load case Load combination Vertical load(kN) Note
moment(kN·m)
No.1 1.4D 23.63 74.73
1.2D+1.6L+0.5(Lr or
No.2 56.54 106.09 Critical load case
S or R)
1.2D + 1.6(Lr or S or
No.3 42.94 90.33
R) + (L or 0.5W)
1.2D + 1.0W + L +
No.4 42.94 90.33
0.5(Lr or S or R)
No.5 1.2D+1.0E+L+0.2S 42.94 90.33
No.6 0.9D + 1.0W 15.19 48.04
No.7 0.9D + 1.0E 15.19 80.82
No.8 1.0D + 1.0L 39.56 79.65 Service load case
Verification of pile group
Input data
Project

Date : 2024/02/21

Settings
USA - Safety factor

Materials and standards

Concrete structures : ACI 318-11

Steel structures : EN 1993-1-1 (EC3)
Partial factor on bearing capacity of steel cross section : γM0 = 1.00
Soil parameters

SAND
Unit weight : γ = 16.50 kN/m3
Angle of internal friction : φef = 26.00 °
Cohesion of soil : cef = 0.00 kPa
Oedometric modulus : Eoed = 36.00 MPa
Saturated unit weight : γsat = 17.80 kN/m3

Construction

Width of pile cap bx = 3.00 m

by = 1.50 m
Pile diameter d = 0.30 m
Number of piles nx = 3
ny = 2
Spacing of piles sx = 1.10 m
sy = 0.90 m
Geometry

Depth from ground surface hz = 0.00 m

Pile head offset h = -0.65 m
Thickness of pile cap t = 0.65 m
Length of piles l = 6.00 m
Efficiency of pile group ηg = 1.00
Material of structure
Unit weight γ = 25.00 kN/m3
Analysis of concrete structures carried out according to the standard ACI 318-11.

Concrete:C30（ACI-318）
Compressive strength fc' = 25.30 MPa
Elasticity modulus Ec = 23806.45 MPa
m
Shear modulus G = 9998.71 MPa
Longitudinal steel: A615/60
Tensile strength f = 413.69 MPa
y

Transverse steel: A615/40

Tensile strength f = 275.79 MPa
y

Horizontal modulus of subsoil reaction

Depth kh
[m] [MN/m3]
0.00 0.00
6.00 118.00

Determination of vertical springs

Typical load (for analysis of vertical springs) : Design
Geological profile and assigned soils

Thickness of layer Depth

No. Assigned soil Pattern
t [m] z [m]

1 8.00 0.00 .. 8.00 SAND

2 - 8.00 ..  SAND

Load

Load N Mx My Hx Hy Mz
No. Name Type
new change [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kN] [kN] [kNm]
1 Yes Service Service 39.56 106.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 Yes Design Design 56.54 79.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Ground water table

The ground water table is at a depth of 0.00 m from the original terrain.
Global settings
Analysis type : spring method
Type of pile : floating piles - compute the stiffness of springs from soil parameters
Connection piles / pile cap : Fix
Modulus of reaction : input by distribution
Analysis results
Maximum internal forces (all load cases)
Maximum compressive force = -32.74 kN
Minimum compressive force = -1.63 kN
Max. bending moment = 14.39 kNm
Max. shear force = 5.98 kN

Maximum displacements (only service load cases)

Max. settlement = 0.89 mm
Maximum horizontal displacement of pile cap = 0.0 mm
Max. rotation of pile cap = 0.0E+00 °
Maximum internal forces on piles

Pile Nmax Nmin Mmax Qmax

[kN] [kN] [kNm] [kN]
Pile 1 - 1 -32.74 -5.15 13.59 5.98
Pile 1 - 2 -21.94 -3.45 14.39 5.09
Pile 1 - 3 -32.74 -5.15 13.59 5.98
Pile 2 - 1 -13.63 -2.43 13.59 5.98
Pile 2 - 2 -9.13 -1.63 14.39 5.09
Pile 2 - 3 -13.63 -2.43 13.59 5.98

Verification No. 1
Dimensioning of piles - input data
Analysis carried out with an automatic selection of the most unfavorable LC.
Reinforcement designed for all piles in the group.
Verification of cross section in bending and compression:
Pile diameter: d=0.30m
Reinforcement - 8 pc bar No. 5; cover 40.0 mm
Type of structure (reinforcement ratio) : column
Reinforcement ratio ρ = 2.240 % > 1.000 % = ρmin
Load : Pu = 1.63 kN (compression) ; Mu = 14.39 kNm
Bearing capacity : ϕPn = 6.21 kN; ϕMn = 54.83 kNm
Designed pile reinforcement is SATISFACTORY
Verification of cross section in shear:
Shear reinf. - 2 bar No. 3; distance 200.0 mm
Av = 712.6 mm2

Ultimate shear force: ϕVn = 80.54 kN > 5.98 kN = Vu

Cross-section is SATISFACTORY.
only minimal shear reinforcement
Distribution of forces on construction

Depth Shear force Bending moment Normal force Normal force

[m] Q [kN] M [kNm] N [kN] (tension) N [kN] (compression)
0.00 1.69 14.39 -8.60 -32.74
0.60 2.84 13.33 -8.55 -32.58
1.20 4.57 11.37 -8.38 -31.92
1.80 5.98 8.07 -8.03 -30.60
2.40 5.41 4.85 -7.52 -28.62
3.00 3.69 2.40 -6.83 -25.99
3.60 2.04 0.76 -5.97 -22.71
4.20 0.79 0.41 -4.93 -18.78
4.80 0.31 0.41 -3.73 -14.20
5.40 0.44 0.16 -2.36 -8.94
6.00 0.00 0.00 -1.63 -6.20

Reinforcement drawing

0.30

prof. No. 3, dist. 200.0 mm

8 prof. No. 5, cover. 40.0mm

Cover = 40.0 mm
Pile verification
Input data

Settings
USA - Safety factor

Materials and standards

Concrete structures : ACI 318-11

Steel structures : EN 1993-1-1 (EC3)
Partial factor on bearing capacity of steel cross section : γM0 = 1.00
Timber structures : EN 1995-1-1 (EC5)
Partial factor for timber property : γM = 1.30
Modif. factor of load duration and moisture content : kmod = 0.50
Coeff. of effective width for shear stress : kcr = 0.67

Pile

Analysis for drained conditions : NAVFAC DM 7.2

Load settlement curve : linear (Poulos)
Horizontal bearing capacity : Elastic subsoil (p-y method)
Verification methodology : Safety factors (ASD)

Safety factors
Permanent design situation
Safety factor for compressive pile : SFcp = 2.00 [–]
Safety factor for tensile pile : SFtp = 3.00 [–]

Basic soil parameters

γ ν
No. Name Pattern
[kN/m3] [–]

1 SAND 16.50 0.30

All soils are considered as cohesionless for at rest pressure analysis.

Eoed Edef γsat γs n
No. Name Pattern
[MPa] [MPa] [kN/m3] [kN/m3] [–]

1 SAND 36.00 - 17.80 - -

 φef δ K cu α
No. Name Pattern
[°] [°] [–] [kPa] [–]

1 SAND 26.00 - - - -

Soil parameters

SAND
Unit weight : γ = 16.50 kN/m3
Poisson's ratio : ν = 0.30
Oedometric modulus : Eoed = 36.00 MPa
Saturated unit weight : γsat = 17.80 kN/m3
Angle of internal friction : φef = 26.00 °

Geometry
Pile profile: circular
Dimensions
Diameter d = 0.30 m
Length l = 6.00 m
Calculated cross-sectional characteristics
Area A = 7.07E-02 m2
Moment of inertia I = 3.98E-04 m4
Location
Off ground height h = -0.65 m
Depth of finished grade hz = 0.00 m
Technology: Bored piles
Material of structure
Unit weight γ = 25.00 kN/m3
Analysis of concrete structures carried out according to the standard ACI 318-11.

Concrete: C30（ACI-318）
Compressive strength fc' = 25.30 MPa
Elasticity modulus Ec = 23806.45 MPa
m
Shear modulus G = 9998.71 MPa
Longitudinal steel: A615/60
Tensile strength f = 413.69 MPa
y

Transverse steel: A615/40

Tensile strength f = 275.79 MPa
y

Geological profile and assigned soils

Thickness of layer Depth

No. Assigned soil Pattern
t [m] z [m]

1 8.00 0.00 .. 8.00 SAND

2 - 8.00 ..  SAND

Load

Load N Mx My Hx Hy
No. Name Type
new change [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kN] [kN]
1 Yes LC 1 Design 32.74 13.59 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 Yes LC 2 Design 21.94 14.39 0.00 0.00 0.00

Ground water table

The ground water table is at a depth of 0.00 m from the original terrain.
Global settings
Analysis of vertical bearing capacity : analytical solution
Analysis type : analysis for drained conditions
Settings of the stage of construction
Design situation : permanent
Verification methodology : without reduction of soil parameters
Vertical bear.cap. No.1 - Floating pile
Verification of pile bearing capacity according to NAVFAC DM 7.2 - partial results
Pile base bearing capacity:
The soil under the base is cohesionless
Coefficient of bearing capacity Nq = 5.00
Area of pile transverse cross-section Ap = 7.07E-02 m2
Plie shaft resistance:
Depth Thickness cud α K δ σor Rsi
[m] [m] [kPa] [–] [–] [°] [kPa] [kN]
0.00 - - - - - - -
2.95 2.95 - - 1.17 19.50 14.04 16.19
2.95 - - - - - - -
6.00 3.05 - - 1.17 19.50 28.08 33.47

Verification of bearing capacity : NAVFAC DM 7.2

Analysis carried out with automatic selection of the most unfavourable load cases.
Efficiency of pile group ηg = 1.00
Factor determining critical depth kdc = 12.00

Verification of compressive pile:

Most unfavorable load case No. 1. (LC 1)
Pile skin bearing capacity Rs = 49.66 k
N
Pile base bearing capacity Rb = 18.33 k
N

Pile bearing capacity Rc = 67.99 k

N
Ultimate vertical force V = 32.74 k
d N

Safety factor = 2.08 > 2.00

Pile bearing capacity is SATISFACTORY

 9. Single Pile Settlement Calculation
This section is to calculate maximum single pile settlement, as a supplement
section for group pile settlement.
For service load case, consider total load from group pile, that is 39.56kN, based
on one pile.

Pile verification
Input data
Project

Date : 2023/12/19

Settings
USA - Safety factor

Materials and standards

Concrete structures : ACI 318-11

Steel structures : EN 1993-1-1 (EC3)
Partial factor on bearing capacity of steel cross section : γM0 = 1.00
Timber structures : EN 1995-1-1 (EC5)
Partial factor for timber property : γM = 1.30
Modif. factor of load duration and moisture content : kmod = 0.50
Coeff. of effective width for shear stress : kcr = 0.67

Pile

Analysis for drained conditions : NAVFAC DM 7.2

Load settlement curve : linear (Poulos)
Horizontal bearing capacity : Elastic subsoil (p-y method)
Verification methodology : Safety factors (ASD)

Safety factors
Permanent design situation
Safety factor for compressive pile : SFcp = 2.00 [–]
Safety factor for tensile pile : SFtp = 3.00 [–]

Basic soil parameters

 γ ν
No. Name Pattern
[kN/m3] [–]

1 SAND 16.50 0.30

All soils are considered as cohesionless for at rest pressure analysis.

Eoed Edef γsat γs n
No. Name Pattern
[MPa] [MPa] [kN/m3] [kN/m3] [–]

1 SAND 36.00 - 17.80 - -

φef δ K cu α
No. Name Pattern
[°] [°] [–] [kPa] [–]

1 SAND 26.00 - - - -

Soil parameters

SAND
Unit weight : γ = 16.50 kN/m3
Poisson's ratio : ν = 0.30
Oedometric modulus : Eoed = 36.00 MPa
Saturated unit weight : γsat = 17.80 kN/m3
Angle of internal friction : φef = 26.00 °

Geometry
Pile profile: circular
Dimensions
Diameter d = 0.30 m
Length l = 6.00 m
Calculated cross-sectional characteristics
Area A = 7.07E-02 m2
Moment of inertia I = 3.98E-04 m4
Location
Off ground height h = -0.65 m
Depth of finished grade hz = 0.00 m
Technology: Bored piles
Material of structure
Unit weight γ = 23.00 kN/m3
Analysis of concrete structures carried out according to the standard ACI 318-11.
Concrete: C30（ACI-318）
Compressive strength fc' = 25.30 MPa
Elasticity modulus Ec = 23806.45 MPa
m
Shear modulus G = 9998.71 MPa
Longitudinal steel: A615/60
Tensile strength f = 413.69 MPa
y

Transverse steel: A615/40

Tensile strength f = 275.79 MPa
y

Geological profile and assigned soils

Thickness of layer Depth

No. Assigned soil Pattern
t [m] z [m]

1 - 0.00 ..  SAND

Load

Load N Mx My Hx Hy
No. Name Type
new change [kN] [kNm] [kNm] [kN] [kN]
1 Yes Critical load case Design 39.56 79.65 0.00 0.00 0.00

Ground water table

The ground water table is at a depth of 0.00 m from the original terrain.
Global settings
Analysis of vertical bearing capacity : analytical solution
Analysis type : analysis for drained conditions
Settings of the stage of construction
Design situation : permanent
Verification methodology : without reduction of soil parameters
Verification No. 1
Analysis of load settlement curve - input data
 Laye
Es
r
[MPa
No.
]
1 15.00
Maximum pile settlement slim = 25.0 mm
Analysis of load settlement curve - partial results

Correction factor for pile compressibility Ck = 0.93

Correction factor for Poisson's ratio of soil Cv = 0.80
Сorrection factor for stiffness of bearing stratum Cb = 1.00
Base-load proportion for incompressible pile β0 = 0.07
Proportion of applied load transferred to pile base β = 0.05

Influence coefficients of settlement :

Basic - dependent on ratio l/d I0 = 0.09
Correction factor for pile compressibility Rk = 1.11
Correction factor for finite depth of layer on a rigid base Rh = 1.00
Correction factor for Poisson's ratio of soil Rv = 0.91
Analysis of load settlement curve - results

Load at the onset of mobilization of skin friction Ry = 46.56 kN

u
Total resistance Rc = 374.76 kN
Maximum settlement sli = 1.9 mm
m
 The result indicate that even consider the worst condition, total settlement of pile
is still less then settlement limit(25mm). OK!
 10.Pile-cap calculation
This part will use SAP 2000 to analyse.
(1) Grid information

\
(2) Material define

(3) Section properties

(4) Load combination
Wall load =0.15 ×1.5 × 25=5.625 kN /m
Water load =0.63 ×10=6.30 kN /m2
As wall load as dead load, water load is live load.
Consider 1.2D+1.6D load combination.
(5) Restraint
Fix connection point as restraint condition.

(6) Result
(a) Most area of bending moment for pilecap is no more then 3.5 kN ∙m , even
consider stress concentration at connection due to ‘area mesh generation ’, the
maximum bending moment is about 21 kN ∙m.

Then required reinforcement area for wall is,

 Mu 21× 10
6
A s= =
a a
∅ f y (d − ) 0.9× 415 ×(610− )
2 2

As f y 415 A s
a= =
0.85 f c ' b 0.85 ×25.3 ×1500

2
A s=92 mm

Taken as A s=4422 mm 2, chosen grade 60, ∅16@150.

The minimum reinforcement for flexural members is as follows, which refer to

section 9.6.1.2, ACI 318-19.

0.25 √ f 'c 0.25 × √ 25.3 2

A s ,min = bw d = ×1500 × ( 650−40 )=2772 mm
fy 415

1.4 bw d 1.4 ×1500 ×(650−40) 2

And no less than A s ,min = = =3086 mm
fy 415

Thus, the minimum reinforcement area is 3643 mm2.

'
fc 25.3 2
A s ,max =ρmax b w d=0.36 × β 1 × =0.36 × 0.85 × ×1500 × ( 650−40 )=17069 mm
fy 415

Thus, the maximum reinforcement area is 17069 mm2.

A s ,min < A s < A s ,max , Ok.

Where, f 'c= specified compressive strength of concrete.

f y = specified yield strength of transverse reinforcement.

b w=web width, wall thickness, or diameter of circular section.
d =distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of longitudinal tension
reinforcement. Concrete cover is 40mm.
−4 L
(b) Maximum Deflection for pile cap is 5.5 ×10 mm< =6.25mm
240
（7）Punch shear strength check
The maximum shear force for pile punch area is about 12kN.
However, the nominal shear strength provided by concrete is the least of below

(a)0.33 λ s λ √ f 'c =1.28 Mpa

(
(b) 0.17 +
0.33
β )λs λ √ f 'c =1.94 Mpa

(
(c) 0.17 +
0.083 α s d
b0 )λ s λ √ f c =4.75 Mpa
'

Where,
λ s is the size effect factor, λ s=
√ 2
1+ 0.004 d
=0.77 ≤ 1
β is the ratio of long to short sides of the column, β=1
The value of α s is 20 for columns.
λ=¿1.0 for normalweight concrete.
b 0=¿perimeter of critical section for two-way shear in slabs and footings, mm
For corner pile, b 0 consider as one-third of area of critical section conservatively,
 1
b 0= ×2 π × 450=942 mm
3

d=distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of longitudinal tension

reinforcement, d=650-40-8=602mm, taken as 600mm
' '
f c =¿spacified compressive strength of concrete, f c =25.3 Mpa

V c =1.28 × b0 d=1.28 × 942× 600=723 kN

V c is far more then maximum shear force, OK