CN Lab 2022bcs035

CN-LAB ASSIGNMENT
ROLL NO.- 2022BCS035

NAME- KANAK DHIMAN
OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST(OSPF) PROTOCOL

Using its own Shortest Path First, Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link-state routing
system that determines the optimal path between the source and destination routers. The
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is responsible for developing OSPF, one of the
Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs), which are designed to move packets within a sizable
autonomous system or routing domain. It is a network layer protocol that use AD value 110
and protocol number 89. For regular communication, OSPF utilizes the multicast address
224.0.0.5; for updates to the designated router (DR) or backup designated router (BDR), it
uses 224.0.0.6.
Key terms:
1. Router Id – It is the router's highest-ranking IP address that is currently in use.
The highest loopback address is considered first. The router's interface's highest
active IP address is considered if no loopback is specified.
2. Router priority – In a broadcast network, it is an 8-bit number that is allocated to
a router running OSPF and used to elect DR and BDR.
3. Designated Router (DR) – The decision was made to reduce the amount of
newly generated adjacencies. The LSAs are distributed to every other router by
DR. In a broadcast network, where every other router shares its DBD, DR is
chosen. In a broadcast network, DR responds to a request for an update from the
router by providing the requested information.
4. Backup Designated Router (BDR) – BDR is a backup to DR in a broadcast
network. When DR goes down, BDR becomes DR and performs its functions.
5. DR and BDR election – DR and BDR election takes place in the broadcast
network or multi-access network. Here are the criteria for the election:
 The router having the highest router priority will be declared as DR.
 If there is a tie in router priority, then the highest router I’d be
considered. First, the highest loopback address is considered. If no
loopback is configured, then the highest active IP address on the
interface of the router is considered.
USES AND APPLICATION OF OSPF: -

1. ROUTING WITHIN AUTONOMOUS SYSTEMS: An autonomous system (AS), which is a
group of IP networks and routers under shared management and using a common
routing strategy, is where OSPF is mainly utilized. Routers inside a network can
exchange routing information and dynamically adapt to changes in the topology of
the network thanks to OSPF.
2. EFFICIENT ROUTING: OSPF uses parameters like cost (which is usually based on link
bandwidth) to determine the shortest path between routers. OSPF guarantees
effective IP packet routing, lowering network congestion and enhancing overall
network performance by determining the shortest path.
3. INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS (ISPS): To control traffic routing between their
numerous points of presence (pops), backbone networks, and consumer networks,
ISPS makes considerable use of OSPF. It enables ISPS to guarantee high reliability and
performance, adjust to changes in network architecture, and route traffic across
their networks efficiently.
4. CAMPUS NETWORKS: Universities, big businesses, and governmental organizations
all use campus networks that use OSPF. It facilitates the connection of numerous
campus buildings, departments, and facilities while offering dependable and quick
traffic routing. Campus networks can accommodate many network devices and scale
efficiently because of the OSPF hierarchical design.
IMPLEMENTATION USING CISCO:
CONFIGURE THE PC0 AND PC1:
 IP ADDRESS :192.168.1.2
 SUBNET MASK:255.255.255.0
 DEFAULT GATEWAY: 192.168.1.1
 IP ADDRESS:192.168.2.2
 SUBNET MASK:255.255.255.0
 DEFAULT GATEWAY: 192.168.2.1
Config the router0 and router2:
 IP ADDRESS :192.168.1.1
 SUBNET MASK:255.255.255.0
 IP ADDRESS :192.168.2.1
 SUBNET MASK:255.255.255.0
Now config the serial port for all routers as shown in figure
Configure the Router0 and create router OSPF 1 and then add network id with
wildcard mask.
Router(config)#router ospf 1
Router(config-router) #network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router(config-router) #network 10.0.0.0 0 0.0.0.255 area 0
wildcard mask.
wildcard mask.
Router(config-router) #network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

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CN-LAB ASSIGNMENT

ROLL NO.- 2022BCS035

OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST(OSPF) PROTOCOL

USES AND APPLICATION OF OSPF: -

IMPLEMENTATION USING CISCO:

CONFIGURE THE PC0 AND PC1:

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