CHAPTER-1

REAL NUMBERS
03 MARK TYPE QUESTIONS
Q. NO QUESTION MARK
1. In a theatre actors are named from 1 to 10. The director told them that he had some magic 3
amount of money which can be divided by their slot number completely.
a) What is the amount the director has possessed?
b) Establish the relationship between your slot numbers and the amount of money the
director had.
2. 3

Deepak goes to the shopping mall every 6th day. Suman goes to the same shopping mall
every 7th day. How many times will they meet in the mall in the month of December and
January if we start counting from 1st December?
3. 3

Three bells tolls at the intervals of 11, 14, 28 minutes respectively. If they start tolling
together after what time will they next toll together?

4. 144 cartons of coke can and 90 cartons of Pepsi can are to be stacked in a 3
canteen. If each stack is of the same height and is to contain cartons of the MARKS
same drink. What would be the greater number of cartons each stack would
have?
5. Srikanth has made a project on real numbers, where he finely explained 3
the applicability of exponential laws and divisibility conditions on real MARKS
numbers. He also included some assessment questions at the end of his
project as listed below. Answer them.

(i) For what value of n, 4n ends in 0?

 (a) 10 (b) when n is even
(c) when n is odd (d) no value of n
(ii) If a is a positive rational number and n is a positive integer greater than 1,
then for what value of n, an is a rational number?
(a) when n is any even integer
(b) when n is any odd integer
(c) for all n > 1
(d) only when n = 0
(iii) If x and yare two odd positive integers, then which of the following is
true?
(a) x2 + y2 is even (b) x2 + y2 is not divisible by 4
(c) x2 + y2 is odd (d) both (a) and (b)
6. In a classroom activity on real numbers, the students have to pick a 3
number card from a pile and frame question on it if it is not a rational MARKS
number for the rest of the class. The number cards picked up by first 5
students and their questions on the numbers for the rest of the class are as
shown below. Answer them.
(i) Suraj picked up 8√8 and his question was - Which of the following is
true about 8√8?
(a) It is a natural number
(b) It is an irrational number
(c) It is a rational number
(d) None of these
(ii) Shreya picked up 'BONUS' and her question was - Which of the
following is not irrational?
(a) 3-4√5 (b) √7 -6
(c) 2+2√9 (d) 4√11-6
(iii) Ananya picked up -√15 , -√10 and her question was - √15 , -√10
_________is number.
(a) a natural (b) an irrational
(c) a whole (d) a rational
7. Floor of a room is to be fitted with square marble tiles of the largest possible size. The size of the 3
room is 20 m × 16 m. What should be the size of tiles required that has to be cut and how many
such tiles are required?

8. 3
Prove that √5 is irrational and hence show that 3 + √5 is also irrational .

9. The product of the LcM and HcF of two natural numbers is 24. The difference of two 3
numbers is 2. Find the numbers.
10. Find the value of a, if 6/(3√2 – 2√3) = 3√2 – a√3 . 3
11. Show that 5 + √3 is irrational. 3
12. The Muscle Gym has bought 63 treadmills and 108 elliptical machines. The 3
gym divides them into several identical sets of treadmills and elliptical
 machines for its branches located throughout the city, with no exercise
equipment left over. What is the greatest number of branches the gym can
have in the city?
13. There are 7 friends playing with marbles. When they divide the marbles 3
evenly between three friends, there are two marbles left over. When the same
marbles are divided evenly among five friends, there are two marbles left
over. When the marbles are divided among seven friends there are two
marbles left over. What is the least possible number of marbles in the bag. Is
there any other possible number of marbles in the bag?
14. Dinesh says that if √4x2 is irrational then √4 + √2 is also irrational. Therefore, 3
if √ab, √bc and √ca is an irrational number, then show that √a + √b + √c is
also irrational.
15. Shreya takes 35 seconds to pack a gift and label it. For Ravi the same job 3
takes 42 seconds and for Priya, it takes 28 seconds. If they all start using the
labeling machine at the same time, after how many seconds will they be
using the labeling machine together and by then what is the total number of
gifts they all would have packed and labeled
together?

16. An army contingent of 612 members is to march behind an army band of 48 3

members in a parade. The two are to march in the same number of columns.
What is the maximum number of columns in which they can march?
17. On a morning walk three person steps out together and their steps measure 30 3
cm, 36 cm and 40 cm respectively. What is the minimum distance each should
walk so that each can cover the same distance in complete steps?
18. In a school there are two sections, namely A and B, of class X. there are 30 3
students in section A and 28 students in section B. find the minimum number
of books required for their class library so that they can be distributed equally
among students of section A or section B.
19. The LCM of two numbers is 14 times their HCF. The sum of LCM and HCF is 600. If one 3
number is 280, then find the other number
20. Find HCF and LCM of 404 and 96 and verify that HCF × LCM = Product of the two given 3
numbers.
21. A forester wants to plant 66 apple trees, 88 banana trees and 110 mango trees in equal rows(in 3
terms of number of trees). also he wants to make distinct rows of trees (i.e. only the type of tree
in the row) find the number of minimum rows required.
22. The traffic lights at three different road crossings change after every 48 seconds, 72 3
seconds and 108 seconds respectively. If they change simultaneously at 7 am, at what time
will they change simultaneously again?
23. If the least prime factor of p is 3 and least prime factor of q is 5, then what is the least 3
prime factor of (p+q)?
24. What is the largest number that divides 70 and 125, which leaves the remainders 5 and 8 3
respectively?
25. Find the smallest number which when increased by 17 is exactly divisible by both 520 and 3
 468 .
26. The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 33 and 264 respectively . When the first number is 3
completely divided by 2 the quotient is 33 . Find the other number .
27. The product of three consecutive integers is divisible by 6𝑛 . In this statement true of False 3
? Justify your answer .
28. The number 58732045 is divided by a number between 3256 & 3701.
State True or False for the below statements about the remainder and justify your answer.
I) The remainder is always less than 3701. 3
II) The remainder is always more than 3256.
III) The remainder can be any number less than 58732045.
29. Find all the pairs of positive integers whose sum is 91 & HCF is 13. Show your work. 3
30. Hemant claimed that any positive integer can be expressed either as 3n, (3n-2) or (3n-1).
3
Prove or disprove Hemant’s claim.
31. Two tankers contain 850 liters and 680 liters of petrol. Find the maximum capacity of a 3
container which can measure the petrol of each tanker in the exact number of times.
32. In a school, the duration of a period in junior section is 40 minutes and in senior section is 3
1 hour: If the first bell for each section rings at 9:00 a.m., when will the two bells ring
together again?

33. Using Euclid’s division algorithm, find HCF of 56, 96 and 404. 3

34. Coloured pencils are available in market in packs of 12 each and crayon in pack of 32 3
each. A girl wants full pack of both and the same number of pencils and crayons, how
many of each would she need to buy?
 ANSWERS:

Q. NO ANSWER MARKS
1. a) LCM of 1 to 10 = 2520 3
b) 2520 is the LCM of all the slot numbers of actors
2. They will not meet in the month of December. On 11th January, they will meet each 3
other. Thus they will meet once from 1st December to 31st January
3. After 5 hours 8 minutes, the three bells toll together. 3
4. We find the HCF of 144 and 90
144 = 90 × 1 + 54
90 = 54 × 1 + 36
54 = 36 × 1 + 18
36 = 18 × 2 + 0
HCF = 18
So, greatest number of cartons is 18.
5. (i) (d) :
For a number to end in zero it must be divisible by 5, but 4n = 22n is never divisible by 5.
So, 4n never ends in zero for any value of n.
(ii) (c) :
We know that product of two rational numbers is also a rational number.
So, a2 = a x a = rational number
a3 = a2 x a = rational number
a4 = a3 x a = rational number
................................................
...............................................
an = an-1 x a = rational number.
(iii) (d):
Let x = 2m + 1 and y = 2k + 1
Then x2 + y2 = (2m + 1)2 + (2k + 1)2
= 4m2 + 4m + 1 + 4k2 + 4k + 1 = 4(m2 + k2 + m + k) + 2
So, it is even but not divisible by 4.
6. (i) (b):
Here √8 = 2√2 = product of rational and irrational numbers = irrational number
(ii) (c):
Here, √9 = 3
So, 2 + 2√9= 2 + 6 = 8 , which is not irrational.
(iii) (b):
Here.-√15 and -√10 are both irrational and difference of two irrational numbers is also
irrational.
7. Size of the room is 20m x 16m
Factors of 20= 2x2x5
Factors of 16= 2x2x2x2
HCF of 20 and 16=2x2=4
Size of each square tiles =4mx4m
No of tiles required= area of room/area of each tile
= 20x16/4x4=20 tiles
8. : Let √5 is a rational number then we have
𝑝
√5 = 𝑞 , where p and q are co-primes.

Squaring both sides, we get

p2 = 5q2
p2 is divisible by 5
 p is also divisible by 5
So, assume p = 5m where m is any integer.
Squaring both sides, we get p2 = 25m2
But p2 = 5q2
Therefore, 5q2 = 25m2
q2 = 5m2
q2 is divisible by 5
q is also divisible by 5
From above we conclude that p and q has one common factor i.e. 5 which contradicts that
p and q
are co-primes.
Therefore our assumption is wrong.
Hence √5 is an irrational number.
Now, we know 3 is a rational number and √5 is irrational.
Rational + Irrational = Irrational
So, 3+√5 is irrational.
9. Let the numbers be p and (p + 2).
∴ Product of numbers = HCF × LCM
⇒ p (p + 2) = 24
⇒ p2 + 2p – 24 = 0
⇒ p2 + 6p – 4p – 24 = 0
⇒ p (p + 6) – 4 (p + 6) = 0
⇒ (p – 4) (p + 6) = 0
⇒ p = 4 or p = – 6
Numbers = p = 4 and p + 2 = 4 + 2 = 6.
∴ Numbers are 4 and 6.

10. Given,

6/(3√2 – 2√3) = 3√2 – a√3….(i)

Consider LHS,

6/(3√2 – 2√3)

Rationalizing the denominator, we get;

[6/(3√2 – 2√3)] [(3√2 + 2√3)/ (3√2 + 2√3)]

= [6(3√2 + 2√3)]/ [(3√2)2 – (2√3)2]

= [6(3√2 + 2√3)]/ (18 – 12)

= 6(3√2 + 2√3)/6

= 3√2 + 2√3….(ii)

From (i) and (ii),

 -a = 2

a = -2
11. Let us assume that 5 + √3 is a rational number.

We can find coprime a and b (b ≠ 0) such that 5 + √3 = a/b.

So,

√3 = (a/b) – 5

√3 = (a – 5b)/b

Since a and b are integers, we get (a/b) – 5 is rational, and so √3 is

rational.

But this contradicts the fact that √3 is irrational.

This contradiction has arisen because of our incorrect assumption that 5

+ √3 is rational.

Therefore, we conclude that 5 + √3 is irrational.

12. Let the greatest number of branches in the city be 'n'.
Let the number of treadmills sent to each branch be 't' and the number
of ellipticals sent to each branch be 'e'.
63 treadmills were distributed to 'n' branches with each branch getting 't'
treadmills.
i.e., nt = 63
108 elliptical machines were distributed to 'n' branches with each branch
getting 'e' elliptical machines.
i.e., ne = 108.

HCF of 108 and 63 is 9. So ,The greatest number of branches the gym can
have in the city is 9.

13. x÷3=2 3
x÷5=2
x÷7=2
LCM(3,5,7) = 105
Least possible number of marbles in the bag = 102 + 2 = 104
Another possible number of marbles in the bag = 102 x 2 = 204 + 2 = 206
14. Let (√a + √b + √c) be a rational number 3
√a + √b + √c = p / q
 Squaring both sides
(√a + √b + √c)2 = (p/q)2
a + b + c + 2√ab + 2√bc + 2√ac = p2/q2
2(√ab + √bc + √ac) = p2/q2 - (a + b + c)
√ab + √bc + √ac = p2/2q2- (a + b + c)/2
But is given that √ab, √bc, √ac are irrational, therefore our assumption is
wrong
√a + √b + √c is an irrational number
15. 35 = 7 x 5 3
42 = 7 x 2 x 3
28 = 7 x 2 x 2
LCM(35, 42, 28) = 7 x 5 x 2 x 3 x 2 = 420
Ans - All of them will be using labelling machine together after 420
seconds

In 420 seconds Shreya will pack 420 ÷ 35 = 12 gifts

Similarly, in 420 seconds, Ravi and Priya will pack 420 ÷ 42 = 10 gifts
and 420 ÷ 28 = 15gifts respectively

Therefore, total gifts packed 12 + 10 + 15 = 37

16. Clearly, the maximum number of columns = HCF(612, 48) 3
2 2 4
Now, 612 = (2 × 3 × 17 and 48 = 2 × 3
HCF(612, 48) = 22 × 3 = 12
17. Required distance = LCM( 30 cm, 36 cm, 40 cm) 3
Now, 30 = 2x3x5 and 36 = 2x2x3x3 and 40 = 2x2x2x5
Required distance = LCM(30, 36, 40)
= (23 × 32 × 5) cm
= 360 cm
18. Clearly, the required number of books are to be distributed equally among 3
the students of section A or section B,
So the numbers of these books must be a multiple of 30 as well as that of
28.
The required number is LCM(30, 28) = 420
Hence the required number of books = 420
19. GIVEN: HCF+LCM= 600, ONE NUMBER= 280 3
Let the HCF= X
LCM= 14X
HCF+LCM= 600

X+ 14X=600
15X= 600
X= 600/15
X= 40
HCF= 40
LCM = 14X= 14× 40= 560
HCF×LCM= 1ST NUMBER × 2ND NUMBER
40× 560= 280× 2ND NUMBER
 2ND NUMBER= (40×560) /280
2ND NUMBER= 40×2
2ND NUMBER= 80
20. 3

Prime factorization of 404 = 2 × 2 × 101

Prime factorization of 96 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2× 2 × 3
∴ HCF =
2×2=4
And LCM = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 101
= 9696
∴ HCF = 4, LCM = 9696
Verification
HCF × LCM = Product of two numbers
4 × 9696 = 404 × 96
38784 = 38784
Hence Verified.
21. 66 = 2 × 3 × 11 3
88 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 11
110 = 2 × 5 × 11
So, HCF of 66, 88 and 110 is 2 × 11 = 22
Thus, Number of rows of apple trees = 66/22 = 3
Number of rows of banana trees = 88/22 = 4
Number of rows of mango trees = 110/22 = 5
Hence, required number of rows = 3 + 4 + 5 = 12

22. The traffic lights will change simultaneously again after the least common multiple 3
(LCM) of their changing times.
LCM(48, 72, 108) = 216
Since there are 60 seconds in a minute, 216 seconds = 3 min 36 sec
Adding this to 7:00 am:
7:00 am + 3 min 36 sec = 7:03:36 am
So, the traffic lights will change simultaneously again at 7:03:36 am.
23. Given that the least prime factor of p is 3 and the least prime factor of q is 5, we can 3
see that both p and q are odd numbers. When we add two odd numbers together (p +
q), the result is an even number.
The least prime factor of any even number is 2.
Therefore, the least prime factor of (p + q) is 2.
24. • Firstly, subtract the remainders from their respective numbers as follows: 3
• On subtracting 70 from its remainder, we get 70 – 5 =65
• On subtracting 125 from its remainder, we get 125 – 8 = 117
• HCF (Highest Common Factor) of 65 and 117 as follows:
• 65 = 5 x13
• 117 = 3 x 3x13
 • So, we can see from the above factorisation that the Highest Common Factor of the
numbers 65 and 117 is 13.
• Hence, 13 is the largest number which divides 70 and 125, leaving remainders 5 and 8
respectively.

25. LCM of 520 and 468 = 4680 3

Smallest number = 4680 – 17 = 4663
26. First number = 2 x 33 = 66 3
Other number = 132
27. Yes , three positive consecutive integers can be n , (n+1) , (n+2) 3
One number of these three must be divisible by 2 and another one is 3 for any positive
integral value of n .
28. I) True
II) False 3
III) False
29. Let the pair be ‘x’ and ‘y’. Since HCF (x,y) = 13,x and y will be of the form,
x = 13p
y = 13q
where p & q are co-primes.
And,
x + y = 91
13p + 13q = 91 3
p+q=7
Possible values of p & q are :
(1 & 6), (2 & 5), (3 & 4)
Possible values of x & y are :
(13 & 78), (26 & 65), (39 & 52)
30. Let, positive integer be ‘m’ and using Euclid’s Division Lemma as 3 to formulate the
equation as ,
m = 3k + r , where k = Quotient & r = Remainder
Since the positive integer m is divided by 3, the possible values of the remainder are
0,1,2.
Any positive integer m can be represented as, 3
(3k), (3k + 1), (3k + 2)
Replace 3k with 3t + 3,
(3t + 3), (3t + 3 – 2), (3t + 3 – 1)
Rewrite the above equations using n = ( t + 1), where n = integer as
(3n), (3n – 2) , (3n – 1)
31. To find the maximum capacity of a container which can measure the petrol of each 3
tanker in the exact number of times, we find the HCF of 850 and 680.
850 = 2 × 52 × 17
680 = 23 × 5 × 17
HCF = 2 × 5 × 17 = 170
Maximum capacity of the container = 170 liters.

32. 1 hour = 60 minutes 3

40 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 = 23 × 5
60 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 = 22 × 3 × 5
∴ LCM (40, 60) = 23 × 3 × 5 = 120
120 minutes = 2 hours
 Hence, the two bells will ring together again at 9:00 + 2:00 = 11:00 a.m
33. Applying Euclid’s division algorithm to 56 and 96 3
96 = 56 × 1 + 40
56 = 40 × 1 + 16
40 = 16 × 2 + 8
16 = 8 × 2 + 0
∴ HCF (56, 96) = 8
Next, apply Euclid’s division algorithm to 8 and 404
404 = 8 × 50 + 4
8=4×2+0
Thus, HCF (56, 96, 404) = 4
34. LCM (12,32) = 96 3
∴ No. of packets of coloured pencils
= LCM Qty. in one packed = 9612 = 8
No. of packets of crayon = 9632 = 3.