Macine Element I Worksheet For Final Exam

Machine Element I
ADDIS ABABA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF MECHANICAL AND ELCTRICAL ENGINEERING
ELECTROMECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPATMENT
Macine Element I Worksheet for final
1. What do you mean by factor of safety?

2. What is meant by eccentric loading and eccentricity?
3. Illustrate how the stress concentration in a component can be reduced.
4. Explain design process with neat diagram.
5. Explain following failure theories in details.
a. Maximum strain energy theory.
b. Maximum principal stress theory.
6. Define the following properties of a material
a. Ductility (b) Creep
7. What is meant by endurance limit?
8. What types of stresses are induced in shafts?
9. What is a key? State its function.
10. Sketch the various types of welded joints.
11. Define pitch and lead with respect to threads.
12. Classify springs according to their shapes.
13. What is nipping in a leaf spring?
14. What are the commonly used materialfor sliding contactbearings?
15. Define coefficient of fluctuation of speed.
16. Drive Soderberg’s equation and state its application to differenttypes of loadings.
17. Design a shaft to transmit power from an electric motor to a lathehead stock through a pulley by means of
a belt drive. The pulleyweighs 200W and is locked at 100 mm from the centre of thebearing.
Diameter of the pulley is 200mm. Maximum powertransmitted 1.5 HP.at 120 rpm. angle of lap of belt 180 .
Co•efficient of friction between belt and pulley 0.3. Shock factorin bending 1.5 shock factor in
twisting 2.0. Allowable shearstress in the shaft 35 N/mm2.
18. The rotating solid steel shaft is simply supported by bearings at points B and C and is driven by a gear (not
shown) which meshes with the spur gear at D, which has a 150-mm pitch diameter. The force F from the drive
gear acts at a pressure angle of 20°. The shaft transmits a torque to point A of TA 5 340 N ? m. The shaft is
machined from steel with Sy 5 420 MPa and Sut 5 560 MPa. Using a factor of safety of 2.5, determine the
minimum llowable diameter of the 250-mm section of the shaft based on (a) a static yield analysis using the
distortion energy theory and (b) a fatigue-failure analysis. Assume sharp fillet radii at the bearing shoulders for
estimating stress-concentration factors.
19. The load on a bolt consists of an axial pull of 10 KN togetherwith a transverse shear force of 5 KN.
Find the diameter of the bolt according to,
a. Maximum principal stress theory;
b. Maximum shear stress theory;
c. Maximum distortion energy theory.
20. A hot rolled steel shaft is subjected to a torsional moment that varies from 330 N-m clockwise to 110 N-m
counter clockwise and an applied bending moment at a critical section varies from 440 N-m to – 220 N-m.
FMIE Worksheet By Maereg A Page 1

Machine Element I
The shaft is uniform cross section and no keyway is present at the critical section. Determine the required
shaft diameter. The material has an ultimate strength of
550 MN/m2 and yield strength of 410 MN/m2. Take the endurance limit as half the ultimate strength, factor
of safety of 2,size factor of 0.85 and a surface finish of 0.62.
21. A mild steel shaft transmits 20 KW at 200 rpm. It carries a central load of 900 N and is simply supported
between the bearings 2.5m apart. Determine the size of the shaft, if theallowable shear stress is 42 MPa and
the maximum tensile or compressive stress is not to exceed 56 MPA. What size of the shaft will be required,
if it is subjected to gradually applied loads?
22.
23. Describe the difference between a screw and a bolt.

24. Define the term proof strength.
25. Define the term clamping load
26. Specify suitable machine screws to be installed in a pattern of four, equally spaced around a flange, if the
clamping force between the flange and the mating structure is to be 6000 lb. Then recommend a suitable
tightening torque for each screw.
27. What would be the tensile force in a machine screw having an 8–32 thread if it is made from SAE Grade 5 steel
and is stressed to its proof strength?
28. A single-threaded 25-mm power screw is 25 mm in diameter with a pitch of 5 mm. A vertical load on the screw
reaches a maximum of 5kN. The coefficients of friction are 0.06 for the collar and 0.09 for the threads. The
frictional diameter of the collar is 45 mm. Find the overall efficiency and the torque to “raise” and “lower” the
load.
29. A 30-mm thick AISI 1020 steel plate is sandwiched between two 10-mm thick 2024-T3 aluminum plates and
compressed with a bolt and nut with no washers. The bolt is M10 × 1.5, property class 5.8.
(a) Determine a suitable length for the bolt, rounded up to the nearest 5 mm.
(b) Determine the bolt stiffness.
(c) Determine the stiffness of the members.
30. A bolted lap joint using ISO class 5.8 bolts and members made of cold-drawn SAE 1040 steel is shown in the
figure. Find the tensile shear load F that can be applied to this connection to provide a minimum factor of safety
of 2.5 for the following failure modes: shear of bolts, bearing on bolts, bearing on members, and tension of
members.

Machine Element I
31. Two shafts are connected by means of a coupling to transmit 5 HP. at 1440 rpm. The flanges of the coupling
are fastened by mean of 4 bolts, at a radius of 30mm. permissible shear stress in the bolts = 30 N/mm2. Design
the bolts.
32. Determine the length of welds required to transmit a load 54.5KN between 12.7mm. thick plates, when
the plates are to be joined by
1) Two parallel fillet welds.
2) Two transverse fillet welds.
33. Design a helical spring for an engine valve length of the spring when the valve in open in 45mm. and the
length when closed in 55mm. spring load on the valve when open is 450N and when closed in 300N. Minimum
internal diameter of the spring is 30mm. Take permissible shear stress = 400 N/mm2, and G = 0.8x 105
N/mm2.
34. A steel Belleville spring is compressed flat by exerting a load of 1000N.for the maximum compression, the
induced stress is 1200 N/mm2. Calculate the thickness and outside diameter of the spring if the ratio of height
to thickness is 1.6. The ratio ofoutside diameter to inside diameter is 5.
35. The cantilever bracket is bolted to a column with three M12 × 1.75 ISO 5.8 bolts. The bracket is made from
AISI 1020 hot-rolled steel. Find the factors of safety for the following failure modes: shear of bolts, bearing of
bolts, bearing of bracket, and bending of bracket.
36. A threaded fastener is made from nylon 6/6 with an M10 * 1.5 thread. Compute the maximum tensile force that
can be permitted in the fastener if it is to be stressed to 75% of the tensile strength of the nylon 66 dry.
37. A vertical channel 152 × 76 (see Table A–7) has a cantilever beam bolted to it as shown. The channel is hot-
rolled AISI 1006 steel. The bar is of hot-rolled AISI 1015 steel. The shoulder bolts are M10 × 1.5 ISO 5.8. For
a design factor of 2.0, find the safe force F that can be applied to the cantilever.

Machine Element I
38. design a bolted joint to join the two members shown in the appropriate figure. Specify the number of bolts, the
pattern, the bolt grade, and the bolt size
39. For a bolted assembly with eight bolts, the stiffness of each bolt is kb = 1.0 MN/mm and the stiffness of the
members is km = 2.6 MN/mm per bolt. The bolts are preloaded to 75 percent of proof strength. Assume the
external load is equally distributed to all the bolts. The bolts are M6 × 1 class 5.8 with rolled threads. A
fluctuating external load is applied to the entire joint with Pmax = 60 kN and Pmin = 20 kN.
(a) Determine the yielding factor of safety.
(b) Determine the overload factor of safety.
(c) Determine the factor of safety based on joint separation.
(d) Determine the fatigue factor of safety using the Goodman criterion.
40. A 50 mm diameter solid shaft is welded to a flat plate as shown in Fig. If the size of the weld is 15 mm, find
the maximum normal and shear stress in the weld.
41. A spring has an overall length of 2.75 in when it is not loaded and a length of 1.85 in when carrying a load of
12.0 lb. Compute its spring rate.
42. A spring is loaded initially with a load of 4.65 lb and has a length of 1.25 in. The spring rate is given to be 18.8
lb/in. What is the free length of the spring?
43. A spring has a spring rate of 76.7 lb/in. At a load of 32.2 lb, it has a length of 0.830 in. Its solid length is 0.626
in. Compute the force required to compress the spring to solid height. Also compute the free length of the spring.
44. A spring has an overall length of 63.5 mm when it is not loaded and a length of 37.1 mm when carrying a load
of 99.2 N. Compute its spring rate.
45. A spring is loaded initially with a load of 54.05 N, and it has a length of 39.47 mm. The spring rate is given to
be 1.47 N/mm. What is the free length of the spring?

Macine Element I Worksheet For Final Exam

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Macine Element I Worksheet For Final Exam

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Machine Element I

ADDIS ABABA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF MECHANICAL AND ELCTRICAL ENGINEERING

ELECTROMECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPATMENT

Macine Element I Worksheet for final

1. What do you mean by factor of safety?

FMIE Worksheet By Maereg A Page 1

23. Describe the difference between a screw and a bolt.

FMIE Worksheet By Maereg A Page 2

FMIE Worksheet By Maereg A Page 3

FMIE Worksheet By Maereg A Page 4

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