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Design and Analysis of a UWB Slotted Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave Imaging
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DOI: 10.5573/IEIESPC.2023.12.4.350

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IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing, vol. 12, no. 4, August 2023
https://doi.org/10.5573/IEIESPC.2023.12.4.350 350

IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing

Design and Analysis of a UWB Slotted Vivaldi Antenna for

Microwave Imaging Applications
Liton Chandra Paul1, Akash Majumder1, Tithi Rani2, Md. Najmul Hossain1, Md. Abdur Rahim3,
4 5,*
Jungpil Shin , and Keun Soo Yun

1
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Pabna
University of Science and Technology / Pabna-6600, Bangladesh
litonpaulete@gmail.com, akashmajumder527@gmail.com, najmul_eece@pust.ac.bd
2
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, Faculty of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rajshahi
University of Engineering & Technology / Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh tithirani@ieee.org
3
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Pabna University of Science
and Technology / Pabna-6600, Bangladesh rahim@pust.ac.bd
4
School of Computer Science and Engineering, The University of Aizu / Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima 965-8580, Japan
jpshin@u-aizu.ac.jp
5
School of Computer and Information Technology, Ulsan College / Dong-gu, Ulsan 44610, Korea ksyun@uc.ac.kr

* Corresponding Author: Keun Soo Yun

Received October 18, 2022; Accepted March 28, 2023; Published August 30, 2023

* Regular Paper

Abstract: An ultra-wideband (UWB) slotted compact Vivaldi antenna with a microstrip line feed
was evaluated for microwave imaging (MI) applications. The recommended FR4 substrate-based
Vivaldi antenna is 50×50×1.5 mm3 in size. The proposed compact Vivaldi antenna showed good
radiation characteristics and spanned an ultra-wide bandwidth of 10 GHz, ranging from 3.6 to 13.6
GHz, using a microstrip line feed with a radial stub, tapered slots, and resonant cavities. After
analyzing the simulation findings, the proposed compact slotted UWB Vivaldi antenna was
compared with the basic Vivaldi antenna. The maximum gain and efficiency were 7.35 dB and
82%, respectively. The antenna was simulated in the time domain using the computer simulation
technology (CST) microwave studio. The frequency domain solver was also used for cross-
validation, and the results were equally good. In conclusion, the proposed compact Vivaldi antenna
is a good option for microwave imaging applications.

Keywords: Compact Vivaldi antenna, UWB, Microwave imaging, Resonant cavity, Radial stub.

1. Introduction provide a non-destructive, balanced, and high-resolution

image [4]. The term non-ionizing means that the radiating
The study of microwave imaging in the health sector is antenna does not produce ions or extract electrons from
a major research topic among researchers because of its molecules [5]. Microwaves, ultraviolet, infrared, and laser
non-ionizing and non-invasive properties [1]. The cost- light are called electromagnetic radiation [6]. For
effective directional antenna is used in microwave imaging microwave imaging, the antenna needs to be an ultra-
[2]. This antenna also provides low complexity, low wideband (UWB) with a compact size. Generally, the
spectral power density, and high data rates over the current bandwidth is greater than 0.25 GHz [7].
medical imaging techniques, such as X-ray mammography, The Vivaldi antenna has the advantages of high gain,
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), echography, and PET ultra-wideband, compact size, and ease to manufacture.
scans. Other significant characteristics of the Vivaldi This makes the UWB Vivaldi antenna one of the top
antennas are large bandwidth, low cross-polarization, and choices for microwave imaging applications. In 1979,
highly focused radiation in a particular direction [3]. In a Gibson introduced the first Vivaldi aerial [8]. Theoretically,
microwave imaging system, the antenna requires a the Vivaldi antenna has an infinite bandwidth because of
microwave transceiver and a signal processing unit to the family of end-fire traveling wave antennas. Generally,
IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing, vol. 12, no. 4, August 2023 351

a large-sized Vivaldi antenna is required to perform well in and covered a bandwidth of 3–10 GHz. Another slotted
the low-frequency band. According to the theory, the UWB 42.8×57.3×1.6 mm3 antipodal Vivaldi antenna for
width of the Vivaldi antenna is at least one half- MI application was proposed [17], where the slots on the
wavelength for successful radiation to occur [9-11]. flares increased the maximum gain and directivity up to
Vivaldi antennas can be categorized as tapered slot, 73.65% with 7.64 dB and 8.92 dBi, respectively. A square-
antipodal, and balanced antipodal Vivaldi antenna [12, 13]. shaped dielectric lens was used before the antenna to
Some distinct features of the proposed UWB-slotted enhance the gain and bandwidth of a UWB 75×140 mm2
Vivaldi antenna can be presented as follows: antipodal Vivaldi antenna. With a dielectric lens, the
·The designed and analyzed Vivaldi antenna with slots antenna covers a working bandwidth of 10.2 GHz [18]. A
and resonant cavities makes it compact in size side-slotted UWB antenna was proposed for breast cancer
(50×50×1.5 mm3) without compromising the detection based on the difference in dielectric constant
performance for microwave imaging applications. between normal tissue and tumor tissue at microwave
·The proposed slotted Vivaldi antenna has an ultra- frequencies [19]. The antenna dimension (75×88×1.57
wide operating band ranging from 3.6 – 13.6 GHz. mm3) is high and covers a frequency range of 1.8–2.4 GHz.
·The antenna shows an excellent profile of reflection The bandwidth was improved using corrugated slots on the
coefficient, VSWR, gain, and efficiency over the antenna flares.
ultra-wide operating band. The performance of the antenna decays as the antenna
size decreases. Therefore, reducing the size without
·The recommended Vivaldi antenna is a strong candidate
compromising the antenna performance is challenging.
for microwave imaging applications after examining
The main focus is to design such a compact size antenna
all the radiation properties.
with acceptable performance for microwave imaging
applications. After introducing tapered slots and resonant
The remainder of the paper is organized as follows.
cavities on the flares and radial stub at the feeder, the gain,
Some relevant research is briefly discussed in Section 2.
directivity, bandwidth, VSWR, and efficiency were
Section 3 describes the structure of the proposed UWB
enhanced compared to a simple Vivaldi antenna. All the
compact Vivaldi Antenna with design evolution. Section 4
techniques above help achieve the large working band of
reports the performance evaluation and discusses the
10 GHz, ranging from 3.6–13.6 GHz, maintaining a
proposed compact Vivaldi antenna. Finally, some
compact size, which is the main achievement.
concluding remarks are reported in section 5.

2. Related Work 3. Structure of the Proposed UWB Slotted

Vivaldi Antenna
Although many related studies have been performed,
there is scope for improving the performance, including This section describes step by step the design process
size reduction. Previous studies used different techniques of a microstrip line feed tapered slotted and cavity
to obtain ultra-wide bandwidth and gain enhancement. A resonator-based UWB Vivaldi antenna for microwave
Vivaldi antenna with a dimension of 40.6×57×1.6 mm3 imaging applications. The entire design layout has been
was proposed for MI applications [3]. The antenna covered narrated in three steps, namely a simple Vivaldi antenna
a 6 GHz working bandwidth with a low gain. A U-slotted (step-1), a slotted Vivaldi antenna (step-2), and a resonant
55×65×1.6 mm3 Vivaldi antenna and confocal radar-based cavity-based slotted Vivaldi with a radial stub (step-3).
MI algorithm were proposed [4] for breast cancer detection. The substrate material, dielectric constant, tangent loss,
Compared to the conventional antenna, the U-shaped slot and substrate thickness were FR4 (lossy), 4.6, 0.02, and
provided enhancements of 35.28% in return loss, 2.7% in 1.5 mm, respectively. The area (L×W) of the Vivaldi
bandwidth, and 10% in gain. A 95×130×0.813 mm3 antenna was 50×50 mm2. In the first step, a simple Vivaldi
double-slotted Vivaldi antenna was proposed for antenna was designed. In the second step, two exponential
microwave imaging with corrugation and director [14]. tapered slots were introduced uniformly on both flares, and
The double slot, corrugated slot, and semicircle director a resonant cavity was designed. The microstrip line feed
enhanced antenna gain. Finally, a maximum gain of 13.3 was used in step-1 and step-2. In the final step, two
dB was obtained, and a higher frequency resulted in a resonant cavities were used with the tapered slots, and a
higher gain. The authors in [15] proposed a radar-based radial stub was used with the microstrip line feed. After
method to enhance the properties of an Antipodal Vivaldi optimizing the design parameters of the antenna, the
for MI applications. The desired performance was obtained desired outcome was obtained. In this design, resonant
by modifying the structure of the exponentially tapered cavities, tapered slots, and radial stub were used, which
slot and adding some corrugated slots in the flares. The helped obtain good radiation properties with an ultra-
volume of the antenna was 110×98×1.6 mm3, and it wideband and high gain. The position of the microstrip
covered a wide bandwidth of 1.45–9.82 GHz. A UWB line feed plays a vital role in obtaining good radiation
periodic elliptical slot-based antipodal Vivaldi antenna was properties for microwave imaging applications.
proposed for MI applications [16]. A triangular-shaped
dielectric lens has been used to enhance the gain, radiation
pattern, and directivity, where the pick gain was 10.6 dB
352 Paul et al.: Design and Analysis of a UWB Slotted Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave Imaging Applications

(a) Step-1: Simple Vivaldi antenna (b) Step-2: Slotted Vivaldi antenna

(c) Back view of both step-1 and step-2 (d) Step-3: Proposed Vivaldi antenna

(e) Back view of step-3

Fig. 1. Design evolution of the Vivaldi antenna.

X 2 − X1
3.1 Simple Vivaldi Antenna (Step-1)  C1 = (2)
e rT2 − e rT1
First, a model of a simple microstrip line feed Vivaldi X e rT2 − X 1e rT1
antenna was produced using computer simulation C2 = 2 rT2 (3)
e − e rT1
technology (CST), as shown in Fig. 1(a). Copper was used
for all the metallic layers whose thickness was 0.035 mm. The taper rate r (0.13) was obtained from the above
A microstrip line feeding technique was used to connect equation, indicating the beam width of the antenna. The
the two exponential tapered flares. The following formulae bandwidth was enhanced by lengthening the taper. Here,
(1-3) can be used to define the exponential equation for the
the points ( X 1 , T1 ) and ( X 2 , T2 ) are the endpoints of the
proposed Vivaldi antenna [8].
flare. Table 1 lists the parameters of the designed simple
Vivaldi antenna.
X = C1e rT + C2 (1)
IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing, vol. 12, no. 4, August 2023 353

Table 1. Parameters for Simple Vivaldi Antenna (Step-1).

Parameters Values (mm)

Length of the antenna (L) 50
Width of the antenna (W) 50
Height of the substrate (h) 1.5
Thickness of the metallic layer (t) 0.035
Taper length of the antenna (T1L) 30
Slot length of the antenna (S1) 15
Microstrip feed length (ML) 29.9
Microstrip feed width (MW) 2.794
Tapper rate (r) 0.13
Throat width (s) 0.4
Outer mouth opening (M1) 39.6

Table 2. Parameters for Slotted Vivaldi Antenna (Step-2). Fig. 2. 3D view of the proposed UWB Vivaldi antenna.

Parameters Values (mm) Table 3. Additional Parameters for Proposed UWB

Radius of the resonant cavities (R1) 2.5 Vivaldi Antenna (Step-3).
Tapper rate of the 1st tapered slot (f) 0.2
Parameters Values
Tapper rate of the 2nd tapered slot (g) 1.142
Radius of the resonant cavities (R2 and R3) 4 mm
Length of the 1st exponential curve (T1L) 19.9
Radius of the radial stub (R4) 2.5 mm
Length of the 2nd exponential curve (T2L) 9.42
Angle of the radial stub (α) 90°
Distance of tapered slot from the central
8
point (D)
Mouth opening of two tapered slots (M2) 10.6
position of the feed line was optimized. The antenna
covered the UWB and increased the antenna efficiency and
gain. The width of the microstrip feed line was set to 2.794
3.2 Slotted Vivaldi Antenna (Step-2) mm. Fig. 2 shows the 3D view of the proposed UWB
Vivaldi antenna. Table 3 lists all the new design
In the second step, a pair of tapered slots were added
parameters of the final design.
on both sides of metallic wings, and a circular-shaped
resonant cavity was added at the end point of slot S1. The
design parameters in the first step were all the same in this
step. Fig. 1(b) shows the top view of the 2nd step. The 4. Performance Evaluation of the
radius of the circular-shaped resonant cavity was 2.5 mm. Proposed UWB Antenna
The lengths of the 1st exponential curve (T1L) and 2nd
exponential curve (T2L) were 19.9 mm and 9.42 mm, The performance of the suggested UWB Vivaldi
respectively. The outer mouth openings of the slots (M2) antenna was estimated using CST microwave studio. This
and main antenna (M1) were 10.6 mm and 39.6 mm, section analyzes many radiation factors, including
respectively. The back views of 1st and 2nd step designs reflection coefficient, VSWR, gain, directivity, and
were the same as in Fig. 1(c). The tapered slot was situated radiation efficiency.
at a distance D = 8 mm from the center point of the
antenna. Table 2 lists the additional parameters for the 4.1 Reflection Coefficient
slotted Vivaldi antenna.
The motive was to use this antenna for MI applications.
3.3 Proposed Vivaldi Antenna (Step-3) Hence, a UWB operating frequency range is needed.
Several techniques were applied to the proposed Vivaldi
In this last design step, two circular-shaped resonant antenna to achieve acceptable performance for the
cavities were used at the edge of the tapered slots, and a intended MI applications. All the parameters of the
radial stub was added to the microstrip line feeder. Figs. designed antenna for MI applications have been identified
1(d) and (e) shows the top and back views of the proposed within a frequency range of 3 GHz to 14 GHz. Fig. 3
antenna structure with circular-shaped resonant cavities shows the return loss curve of steps 1, 2, and 3. The simple
and a radial stub. The radius of the two circular slots, R2 Vivaldi antenna of step-1 covered the bandwidth of 4.7
and R3, was 4 mm. The radius of the radial stub was R4 = GHz over the range of 7.2–11.9 GHz, with a return loss of
2.5 mm. The angle of the radial stub is α = 90°. A pair of −25 dB. The antenna in step-2, with two tapered slots and
identical tapered slots and three resonant cavities were a resonant cavity, covered the working bandwidth of 2.3
used in the design to enhance the antenna radiation pattern. GHz over the range of 5.2–7.5 GHz, with a return loss of
After adding the radial stub to the microstrip feed line, the −17 dB. A working bandwidth of 10 GHz over the range
354 Paul et al.: Design and Analysis of a UWB Slotted Vivaldi Antenna for Microwave Imaging Applications

Fig. 3. Reflection coefficient for the different design Fig. 5. Gain for the different design states.
states.

Fig. 6. Gain and directivity of the proposed UWB

Vivaldi antenna.
Fig. 4. VSWR for the different design states.

of 3.6–13.6 GHz, with a reflection coefficient of –39 dB,

was obtained using another two resonant cavities and a
radial stub and optimizing the position of the microstrip
line feed. In the final step, the bandwidth was increased by
112.8% compared to the 1st step.

4.2 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)

Fig. 4 shows the VSWR curve at the different design
states. Our proposed UWB compact slotted Vivaldi
antenna shows the VSWR of 1.001, whereas in step 1 and
step 2, the antenna shows a VSWR of 1.1 and 1.25. The
slotted Vivaldi antenna performed well when the VSWR
was close to 1.
Fig. 7. Efficiency for the different design states.
4.3 Gain and Directivity
Fig. 5 shows the gain vs. frequency curve for different
design states, and Fig. 6 shows both the gain and 4.4 Radiation Efficiency
directivity of the proposed UWB Vivaldi antenna with
respect to frequency. The peak gain of the final state was The proposed microstrip line fed UWB slotted Vivaldi
7.35 dB, whereas in steps 1, and step 2, the peak gains antenna with a resonant cavity, and radial stub showed a
were 5.6 dB, and 6.8 dB, respectively. The peak directivity peak radiation efficiency of 82%. In the other two steps,
was above 8 dBi, and in the entire bandwidth, the the peak radiation efficiency was 80% (step-1) and 79%
directivity was above 4.5 dBi. (step-2). Fig. 7 compares the radiation efficiency curves
for all three states. Therefore, the radiation efficiency was
IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing, vol. 12, no. 4, August 2023 355

Table 4. Performances Comparison Among the Different Design Steps.

Parameters Name Step-1 Step-2 Step-3

Operating frequency (GHz) 7.2-11.9 5.2-7.5 3.6-13.6
BW (GHz) 4.7 2.3 10
Reflection coefficient (dB) -25 -17 -39
VSWR 1.1 1.25 1.001
Maximum gain (dB) 5.6 6.8 7.35
Maximum efficiency (%) 80 79 82

Table 5. Comparison Table.

Reference Number
Index
[3] [4] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] This work
Year 2018 2020 2021 2021 2019 2019 2019 2018 2019
Size 98× 57.3×
57×40.6 65×55 130×95 66×60.75 140×75 88×75 30×30 50×50
(L×W×h) 110× 42.8×
×1.6 ×1.6 ×0.813 ×1.57 ×1.6 ×1.57 ×0.8 ×1.5
mm3 1.6 1.6
Substrate Rogers Rogers
FR4 FR4 FR4 FR4 FR4 FR4 FR4 FR4
material RO003c RT
Operating
2.213– 1.45–
Frequency Range 3–9 3.1–10.6 3–10 3.6–10 1.8–12 1.8–2.4 3.1–10.6 3.6–13.6
7.187 9.82
(GHz)
Return loss
≈ −33 −51.73 −36.39 ≈ −27 ≈ −33 −58.29 ≈ −49 ≈ −29 −60.10 −39
(dB)
7.36 13.3 10.6 7.64 13.01 7.35
Gain (dB) >2 6.61 4.5 3.504
Max. Max. Max. Max. Max. Max.
-10 dB BW
6 4.974 7.5 8.37 7 6.4 10.2 0.6 7.5 10
(GHz)
MI, MI,
MI, Breast
Application Brain MI MI MI MI MI Breast MI MI
cancer
cancer cancer
*MI = Microwave Imaging

also improved in the final step. Table 4 lists the The proposed Vivaldi antenna had a peak gain of more
performance parameters in different states of antenna than 7 dB. As a result, the suggested Vivaldi antenna is a
design. Table 5 presents a comparison chart with several strong contender for microwave imaging applications.
recently released works. The proposed UWB slotted
Vivaldi antenna had a compact volume, good gain, good References
efficiency, and high bandwidth for the intended MI
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The width of the fed line was chosen to correspond to the arrays of Vivaldi antenna for breast cancer
50 Ω input impedance. The substrate was made of FR4 applications.” International Journal 7, no. 5 (2018).
(lossy), which has a tangent loss, dielectric constant, and Article (CrossRef Link)
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good return loss of −39 dB and VSWR of 1.001, the detection using U-shaped slot VIVALDI antenna and
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bandwidth of 10 GHz, covering the 3.6–13.6 GHz range. American Academic Scientific Research Journal for
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Article (CrossRef Link) Liton Chandra Paul (Senior Member,
[11] Y. Yue, et al., “An ultra-wideband vivaldi antenna IEEE) is working as a Faculty Member
array in L and S bands.” In 2016 IEEE 5th Asia- (Assistant Professor) in the department
Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation of Electrical, Electronic, and Commu-
(APCAP), pp. 301-302. IEEE, 2016. Article nication Engineering (EECE), Pabna
(CrossRef Link) University of Science and Technology
[12] L. C. Paul, et al., “A novel miniaturized coplanar (PUST). He completed his B.Sc. in
waveguide fed tapered slot ultra wide band Vivaldi Electronics and Telecommunication
antenna for microwave imaging applications.” In Engineering (ETE) and M.Sc. in Electrical and Electronic
2019 10th International Conference on Computing, Engineering (EEE) from Rajshahi University of
Communication and Networking Technologies Engineering & Technology (RUET) in 2012 and 2015,
(ICCCNT), pp. 1-6. IEEE, 2019. Article (CrossRef respectively. He is the 1st class 1st boy of th 3rd batch of the
Link) department and is also a University Gold Medalist for his
[13] F. A. Shaikh, et al., “Ultra-wideband antipodal outstanding academic performance in B.Sc. in Electronics
Vivaldi antenna for radar and microwave imaging & Telecommunication Engineering. He has published
application.” In 2017 IEEE 3rd International several peer-reviewed Journals and International
Conference on Engineering Technologies and Social Conference articles. He is enthusiastic about contributing
Sciences (ICETSS), pp. 1-4. IEEE, 2017. Article to various voluntary social welfare organizations from his
(CrossRef Link) student life. He also served as a reviewer of several IEEE
[14] F. N. Witriani, et al., “Gain Enhancement of Double- international conferences and reputed SCI/scopus indexed
Slot Vivaldi Antenna using Corrugated Edges and journals. He is connected with different national and
Semicircle Director for Microwave Imaging international professional bodies, such as the Institute of
Application.” Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi Engineers Bangladesh (IEB) and the Institute of Electrical
21, no. 2 (2021): 85-90. Article (CrossRef Link) and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), including IEEE-APS,
[15] A. Balaji, et al., “A unique technique to improve the IEEE-MTTS, IEEE-SPS, and IEEE-WIE. His research
performance of antipodal vivaldi antenna for interests are Antenna and Wave Propagation, AI,
microwave imaging application.” In IOP Conference Biomedical Engineering, and Wireless Communication.
Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 1055,
no. 1, p. 012100. IOP Publishing, 2021. Article
(CrossRef Link)
[16] F. A. Shaikh, et al., “Design and Comparative
Validation of Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna using
Periodic Elliptical-Slots with Extended Triangular-
IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing, vol. 12, no. 4, August 2023 357

Akash Majumder was born in Md. Abdur Rahim received his Ph.D.
Jhenaidah, Bangladesh, in 1996. He degree in 2020 in Computer Science
received his bachelor's degree in and Engineering from the University
Electrical, Electronic, and Communi- of Aizu, Japan. He is working as an
cation Engineering in 2022 from the Associate Professor and Chairman in
Pabna University of Science and the Department of Computer Science
Technology, Bangladesh. His research and Engineering, at Pabna University
interests include antenna design for of Science and Technology, Pabna,
Microwave Imaging and satellite communication. Bangladesh. He received his Bachelor
of Science (Honours) and Master of Science (M.Sc.) degrees
in Computer Science and Engineering from the University of
Rajshahi, Bangladesh in 2008 and 2009, respectively. His
research interests include human-computer interactions,
Tithi Rani is from Rajshahi, pattern recognition, computer vision and image processing,
Bangladesh. She completed her B.Sc. human recognition, and machine intelligence. He was a
and M.Sc. in Electronics & reviewer of several SCI/SCIE major journals and the
Telecommunication Engineering Technical Program Committee member of many conferences.
(ETE) from Rajshahi University of
Engineering & Technology (RUET) in
2018 and 2022, respectively. She has
published in several journals and Jungpil Shin (Senior Member, IEEE)
international conference papers. She is an IEEE student received a B.Sc. in Computer Science
member. Her research area includes Electromagnetics, and Statistics and an M.Sc. in
control system, and microgrid. Computer Science from Pusan
National University, Korea, in 1990
and 1994, respectively. He received
his Ph.D. in computer science and
Md. Najmul Hossain was born in communication engineering from
Rajshahi in the People’s Republic of Kyushu University, Japan, in 1999,
Bangladesh in 1984. He is an under a scholarship from the Japanese Government
Associate Professor in the Department (MEXT). He was an Associate Professor, a Senior
of Electrical, Electronic, and Associate Professor, and a Full Professor at the School of
Computer Science and Engineering, The University of
Communication Engineering, at Pabna
Aizu, Japan, in 1999, 2004, and 2019, respectively. He has
University of Science and Technology, co-authored more than 300 published papers for widely
Pabna, Bangladesh. He received his cited journals and conferences. His research interests
B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Applied Physics and Electronic include pattern recognition, image processing, computer
Engineering (now called Electrical and Electronic vision, machine learning, human-computer interaction,
Engineering) from the University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, non-touch interfaces, human gesture recognition,
Bangladesh, in 2007 and 2008, respectively. In 2010, he automatic control, Parkinson’s disease diagnosis, ADHD
was also awarded a Gold Medal for his excellent academic diagnosis, user authentication, machine intelligence, as
performance. In 2020, he received his Ph.D. in Advanced well as handwriting analysis, recognition, and synthesis.
Wireless Communication Systems from the Graduate He is a member of ACM, IEICE, IPSJ, KISS, and KIPS.
School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, He served as program chair and as a program committee
Saitama, Japan. He served as an Editor of the Journal of member for numerous international conferences. He is an
Engineering Advancements (JEA). He has served as a Editor of IEEE journals and for MDPI Sensors. He is also
reviewer of several SCIE/Scopus journals and international a reviewer for several major IEEE and SCI journals.
conferences. He is a member of Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers (IEEE). His research interests
include antenna design, advanced wireless communication
systems, and corresponding signal processing, especially Keunsoo Yun received his B.S., M.S.,
for OFDM, OTFS, MIMO, and future-generation wireless and Ph.D. in the Department of
communication networks. Computer Science, Pusan National
University, Korea, in 1989, 1991, and
2005, respectively. He became a
Tenured Professor in the School of
Computer and Information, Ulsan
College, Korea, in 2013. He was a
visiting scholar at Houston State
University, USA, in 2008. His research interests include
information systems, big data processing, software input
system, machine learning, pattern recognition, HCI,
Copyrights © 2023 The Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers language processing, and dialogue system.

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