Lattice Pressure Vessel

June 2022

LATTICE Technology Co., Ltd.

Copyright © 2020 LATTICE Technology co., ltd, All Rights Reserved

Contents

✓ Instruction to LATTICE Technology

✓ LH2 LPVs from Loading Terminal to Mobility

✓ Exmar and LATTICE’s solution for Large Scale LCO2 Transport

2
Instruction to LATTICE
Technology

3
Founders
▪ CEO Keunoh Park

Keunoh Park is the CEO of LATTICE Technology Co. Ltd responsible for overall management of the
company including sales, design, finance and administration.
He received his BA for Engines and an MA in Electronics at the Korea Maritime University. Prior to
joining LATTICE Technology Keunoh has had a distinguished career with Hanjin Shipping Company,
Halla Shipyard, Hyundai IT, Korea Ship Managers Co Ltd, Zhejiang Eastern Shipyard and Logship.

▪ Co-founder Pål G Bergan

Pål G. Bergan is co-founder of LATTICE Technology. After his Ph.D. in computational mechanics from
University of California, Berkeley, Pål served as professor of structural mechanics at NTNU for 15
years followed by research director and senior vice president in DNV-GL with responsibilities for
strategic research, innovation and research coordination covering a very wide range technologies
and industrial applications.

▪ Co-founder Daejun Chang

Daejun Chang is co-founder of LATTICE Technology. After his Ph.D. in chemical engineering from KAIST,
Daejun joined Hyundai Heavy Industries as a leader of development projects, a researcher for ocean
system engineering and an engineer participating in commercial projects. Daejun has been working as
a professor in KAIST since 2013.a

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 LATTICE Technology & Lattice Pressure Vessel (LPV)

LATTICE Lattice Pressure Commercial

Technology Vessel (LPV) Availability of LPV

• Established by Pål G. Bergan • Free-shape free-size pressure • LNG, LPG, LNH3, LCO2:
and Daejun Chang in 2012, vessels adaptable to any space Commercially available
(truly unique solution)
Headquarter at Daejeon,
South Korea. • LH2
• Providing Less CAPEX, Less
OPEX, More Safety, More
• Providing the LPV-based a) LPV with conventional
Compact & Better space
solutions of liquefied gases, vacuum insulation:
utilization
especially for the energy and Commercially available
transport sectors • Approved by ASME, All major
Classification Societies, US b) LPV with new vacuum
Coast Guard insulation (> 5,000 m3):
Commercially available by
• Awarded “the ASME emerging 2023
technology award in pressure
vessel in 2019”
CONFIDENTIAL 5
Design Principles of LPV (Lattice Pressure Vessel)

The internal lattice structure fails first and then shell fails.
Double barriers for safety

The thickness of the shell and the internal structure is

invariant with the size.
Limitless size

The geometric shape is flexible.

Perfect space utilization

Internal structures

• Beams
• Plates
• Beams + Plates

CONFIDENTIAL 6
A single LPV can replace many cylinders

Multiple pressure LPV: Single free-shape

vessels pressure vessel

Single barrier safety only Less CAPEX

Shell thickness must increase with size, Less OPEX
set limits to pressure vessel size Better Safety
Fixed geometry, poor space utilization
More Compact
Costly
Better Space Utilization
Less Total Cost of Ownership
CONFIDENTIAL 7
LPV: Any Shape, Any Size & Any Pressure for Any Fluid
LPV: Any shape, Any Size & Any Pressure for Any Fluid

1,000 m3 – 4 barg

1.0 m3 – 10 bar 14 m3 – 10 bar

50 m3 – 10 bar 65 m3 – 10 bar 16,000 m3 – 2 barg

The LPV fits perfectly the space available!

CONFIDENTIAL 8
LH2 LPVs from Loading
Terminal to Mobility

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Conventional Technology for Large-Scale LH2 Tankers?

Requirements for LH2 CCS

• Volume-efficient?
• Pressure-loading
Requirements for LH2 CCS
• Vacuum-insulated • Volume-efficient
• Large-scale? • Pressure-loading
• Vacuum-insulated
• Large-scale

Requirements for LH2 CCS

• Volume-efficient
• Pressure-loading?
• Vacuum-insulated?
• Large-scale

CONFIDENTIAL 10
 Conventional Technology for Large-Scale LH2 Tankers?

Source: https://global.kawasaki.com/en/corp/newsroom/news/detail/?f=20200309_3090, Source: Hydrogen supply chain and challenges in large-scale LH2 storage and transportation,
Kawasaki heavy industries, Assessed 2022.02.03 Ram R. Ratnakar et. al., Int. J Hydrogen Energy, 2021

Vacuum jacket
✓ 20 M$ for the 3,200 m3
vacuum-insulated tank =
40,000 m3 LNG membrane
tank (Nonvacuum) Vacuum space

✓ 125 workdays to achieve

0.045 torr (= 6 Pa) for
3,200 m3 tank filled with
perlite Inner vessel

Source: KAWASAKI TECHNICAL REVIEW - Special Issue on Hydrogen Energy Supply Chain, Source: The power of the Universe: ‘What we can learn from NASA on Hydrogen’,
Kawasaki heavy industries, 2021.02 Adam Swanger, 2021.09

CONFIDENTIAL 11
 V-CCS: New Technology for Large-Scale LH2 Storage

V-CCS = LPV + New Insulation Technology Unique benefits and

• Vacuum • Volume-efficient • Vacuum-insulated functions of V-CCS
• Cargo • Pressure-loading • Limitlessly scalable
• Contentment • Limitlessly • Not the conventional tank-in-tank type • Maximum space efficiency to
• System scalable • Not requiring deep vacuum compensate LH2’s low density
• Easy to implement
• Pressure-loading capability to
prevent BOG loss

• Vacuum insulation to avoid air

Approval from Lloyds condensation
Register
21 August 2020
29.0 m

• Limitless scalability to minimize #

Design Pressure: 2.0 barg of tanks and hull size
Insulation: Vacuum
12,500 m3 LH2 v-CCS Volume : 12,500 m3

CONFIDENTIAL 12
Scalable Vacuum Insulation System for Large LH2 Tanks
Project period 2019-04 ~ 2023-12
Project team KAIST, A-ONE, KGS, KIMM, LATTICE Technology

Design Pressure: 2.0 barg

Vacuum jacket Insulation: Vacuum (New Type)
Volume : 12,500 m3
PUF

LPV

200 m3 Pilot Tank for V-CCS Demonstration by 2023

CONFIDENTIAL 13
Basic Design of Transportable Standardized 75,000 m3 Liquid
Hydrogen Export and Import Terminals
Project period 2021-12 ~ 2024-11
Project team LATTICE Technology, KOGAS Tech, KOMAC, Elecseed, LH2 Energy, KAIST

Cargo Transfer Lines

BOH
Desalination Reliquefaction

LH2 Production

Electrolyzers

Green LH2
Green LH2

LH2 Tanks

Barge LH2 Export Terminal LH2 Carrier Barge LH2 Import Terminal

CONFIDENTIAL 14
Basic Design of 50K LH2 Carrier
Project period 2021-05 ~ 2024-04
Project team KR, DSME, SHI, KOSE, POSCO, KIMM, LATTICE Technology

Approval from Lloyds Register

21 August 2020

50,000 m3 LH2 Carrier

12,500 m3 LH2 v-CCS

Design Pressure: 2.0 barg
Insulation: Vacuum (New Type)
Volume : 12,500 m3
CONFIDENTIAL 15
Pre-FEED of Sea-borne LH2 Supply Chain: Overview

Key Features

• All sea-borne solutions with barge export/import terminals

- Minimum land use
Pyeongtaek
- Less environmental impact
- Fast process from public license to commissioning

• Large-scale solutions
- Large-scale production, transport, and distribution
- Large-scale LH2 storage by v-CCS
- Economies of scale
• No loss or venting of boil-off hydrogen
- Simple operation
Darwin
- Improved safety
- Better economics

A fast and safe track for large-scale low-cost LH2 supply

CONFIDENTIAL 16
Volume-Efficient 18 M3 LH2 Tanks for LH2 Production Plant
Project period 2019-04 ~ 2022-12
Project team KAIST, A-ONE, KGS, KIMM, LATTICE Technology

2 x 18 m3 LH2 LPV
0.5 ton/day LH2 Production Plant in Kimhae Cryogenic Center of KIMM • Material: SUS 316L
• Insulation: MLI, Glass Bubble (3M)
• BOR: 1%/day

CONFIDENTIAL 17
Design and Verification of Liquid Hydrogen Fuel Cell Ships
Project period 2021-11 ~ 2024-10
Project team KOMAC, JNE Systech, IAE, KETI, KR, KSOE, HYUNDAI-GS, KIMM, LATTICE Technology

LH2 Power Train

CONFIDENTIAL 18
 Liquid Hydrogen Solutions for Buses, Trucks, and Fueling Stations
Project period 2021-08 ~ 2022-05
Project team Seoul Bus, JNE, KIMM, KAIST, LATTICE Technology

Concept of Test Facility

1.0 m3 LH2 LPV
to be delivered in 2020-05

Fuel Cell
Cold_GW
Battery
1 m3 LH2 LPV Vaporizer

G.W.
Hot_GW Syste
m

LH2-Fuelled Vehicles Electric

Motor

CONFIDENTIAL 19
Volume-efficient Light-Weighted 250 Liter LH2 Tanks for Land
Vehicles
Project period 2020-11 ~ 2022-03
Project team KAIST, A-One, LATTICE Technology

250 liter LH2 LPV

• Material: Aluminum
• Insulation: MLI
• BOR: 5%/day

CONFIDENTIAL 20
Volume-Efficient LH2 Trailers for Land Transport
Project period TBC
Project team TBC

Cylindrical LH2 ISO AA (2TEU) LPV LH2 ISO AA (2TEU) LPV LH2 ISO EEE (2TEU)
12 bar, 50 m3 12 bar, 63 m3 12 bar, 71 m3
3.0 ton H2 (100%-Reference) 3.8 ton H2 (127%) 4.2 ton H2 (140%)

CONFIDENTIAL 21
 Exmar and LATTICE’s solution
for Large Scale LCO2 Transport

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Requirements for CO2 shipping

• The ideal Ship

• Transporting 10 MTPA of CO2 between NW Europe and
Norway/Scotland cannot be done with the small CO2
carriers which are currently sailing (up to 2,500 ton) or
with the ones currently under development (up to
7,500 ton)

• Exmar and LATTICE are working on the AiP of a LCO2

carrier with the capacity of 40,000m³

• In order to be cost efficient and limit the transport cost

per ton of CO2, the optimal solution would be to have a
combined CO2/LPG/NH3 carrier which can bring LPG
into NW Europe and take the CO2 back.

• Ability to scale the solution is key!

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 Lattice Technology

• Efficient utilization of the available space

• When comparing cylindrical tanks with LPV tanks the space efficiency becomes very
clear. For the same beam the 40k vessel’s length can be reduced up to 30%.

𝐿𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 = 195 𝑚

𝐿𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 = 270 𝑚

𝐻𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 = 20 𝑚

𝐻𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 = 20 𝑚

* The vessel in the background is not the actual ship and just used for visualization purpose
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 Thank you
More Volume and More Value
the LPV carries
to clean energy solutions.

sales@lattice-technology.com

CONFIDENTIAL 25