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    Project Vinayak .Docs

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    Project Vinayak .Docs

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    of 10

    A

    Micro-Project report on

    “MULTISTAGE AMPLIFIER”
    MAHARSAHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
    EDUCATION, MUMBAI

    In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of diploma in


    ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

    SUBMITTED BY

    VINAYAK FATING
    KUNTHAL RAISONI
    Under the guidance of
    (Mr. S.V. Banabakode)
    Lecturer, EJ-Dept
    G.H.R.I.E.T. NAGPUR
    (Formerly Known as G H Raisoni Polytechnic)

    Academic year 2020-21

    DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGG.


    G H RAISONI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
    (Formerly Known as G H Raisoni Polytechnic)
    B-37-39/1 shraddha park, Hingna- Wadi link road, Nagpur-28

    G H RAISONI INSTITUTE OF
    ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
    (Formerly Known as G H Raisoni Polytechnic)

    Department of Electronics and Telecommunication


    Academic Session 2020-21
    CERTIFICATE

    This is to certify that this Micro project report on “MULTISTAGE AMPLIFIER is


    the bonafide work of VINAYAK FATIN who carried out the project work Iunder my
    supervision for the partial fulfillment of curriculum as prescribed by MSBT.

    Mumbai

    Mrs. P. A. Wankhede Dr. G. N. Akhade Mr. S. VBanabakode


    HOD (Poly), EJ-Dept.
    SUBMISSION
    We are the students of G. H. Raisoni Institute of Engineering and Technology

    (Formerly Known as G H Raisoni Polytechnic), Nagpur, Second year fourth

    Semester of course ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION

    ENGINEERING humbly submit that we completed time to time as a part of

    Project work as prescribed Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education,

    Mumbai for the subject Linear Integrated Circuits and the project is prescribed

    in the report by our own skill and study for the academic session 2020-21, as

    per the guidance of Mr. S. V. Banabakode, Lecturer of Linear Integrated Circuits.

    projectees singnature of the projectees

    VINAYAK FATING
    Contents
    • What is multistage amplifier……………………………………………..….5
    • Features…………………………………………………………………………….…5
    • Block diagram……………………………………………………………………….5
    • Working of multistage amplifier…………………………………………...6
    • Types of multistage amplifier……………………………………………….7
    • Block diagrams……………………………………………………………………..8
    • Frequency Response………………………………………..9
    • Advantage & disadvantage…………………………………………………..10
    • Application…………………………………………………………………………..10
    • What is the multistage amplifier

    In amplifiers, cascading can also be done for getting an accurate input &
    output impedance for exact applications. Based on the kind of amplifier used
    within separate stages, these amplifiers are classified into different types. ‘this
    amplifier using one or more single stage common emitter amplifier is also
    named as a cascaded amplifier

    • Features
    In Multi-stage amplifiers, the output of first stage is coupled to the input of
    next stage using a coupling device. These coupling devices can usually be a
    capacitor or a transformer. This process of joining two amplifier stages using a
    coupling device can be called as Cascading

    • Block diagram

    Multistage-amplifier
    A multistage amplifier design using CE [common-emitter] as the primary
    stage as well as CB [common base] as the second stage is named as a cascade
    amplifier. The connection between cascade & cascade can also possible using
    FET amplifiers.

    • Working of multistage amplifier

    In Multi-stage amplifiers, the output of first stage is coupled to the input


    of next stage using a coupling device. These coupling devices can usually
    be a capacitor or a transformer. This process of joining two amplifier stages
    using a coupling device can be called as Cascading.
    Type of multistage amplifier • Two stage RC coupled amplifier

    The resistance-capacitance coupling is the most frequently used method as well


    as less cost. It has an acceptable frequency response. In this kind of coupling,
    the developed signal across the collector resistor of every stage that is coupled
    throughout o/p coupling capacitor toward the base terminal of the next stage.
    The coupling capacitor separated the DC states from the primary stage to the
    below stages.

    • Direct coupled amplifier

    The indirect coupling technique, the AC o/p signal can be fed straight to the
    further phase; no reactance can be used within the coupling set-up. This
    coupling can be used as amplification of the low-frequency signal is to be
    completed.

    • Transformer coupled amplifier

    The amplifier circuit in which, the previous stage is connected to the next
    stage using a coupling transformer, is called as Transformer coupled
    amplifier.
    The coupling transformer T1 is used to feed the output of 1st stage to the input
    of 2nd stage. The collector load is replaced by the primary winding of the
    transformer. The secondary winding is connected between the potential
    divider and the base of 2nd stage, which provides the input to the 2nd stage.
    Instead of coupling capacitor like in RC coupled amplifier, a transformer is
    used for coupling any two stages, in the transformer coupled amplifier circuit.
    The figure below shows the circuit diagram of transformer coupled amplifier.
    • Block diagrams

    Two stage RC coupled amplifier

    Direct coupled amplifier

    Transformer coupled amplifier


    • Multistage Amplifier Frequency Response

    The gain's phase-shift & amplifier's voltage gain mainly depends on the
    range of frequency over the operation of the amplifier. Generally, the total
    range of frequency can be separated into 3-types like high-frequency range,
    mid-frequency, and low-frequency range.

    • Generally, for the analysis of these amplifiers, we require to find out


    dissimilar parameters.

    • The voltage gain of this amplifier is equivalent to the product of voltage


    gain result of separate stages

    • The current gain of this amplifier is equivalent to the product of the


    current gain result of separate stages

    • Input impedance is the first stage’s impedance

    • Output impedance is the last stage’s impedance


    • Advantages and disadvantages of Multistage Amplifier

    • advantages
    The advantages of the multistage amplifier are flexibility within input &
    output impedance and higher gain. The multistage amplifier applications
    are, it can be used to increase extremely weak signals to utilizable levels.
    The distortion can be reduced by changing the signal within stages.

    • Disadvantages :

    It has a tendency to become noisy with age especially in moist climate.


    The voltage gain reduces at low as well as high frequencies. It provides poor
    impedance matching and hence it cannot be used as a final stage of an
    amplifier

    • Application

    The multistage amplifier applications are, it can be used to increase


    extremely weak signals to utilizable levels. The distortion can be reduced
    by changing the signal within stages. At present, any electronic device can
    process digital or radio electrical signals by including a multistage-amplifier.

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