DATA VISUALIZATION

 INTRODUCTION TO DATA VISUALIZATION

Data visualization is the graphical representation of information and data.
By using visual elements like charts, graphs, and maps, data visualization tools provide an
accessible way to see and understand trends, outliers, and patterns in data.
Types:-Charts,Graphs,Dashboards,Reports.

 CATEGORIES OF DATA VISUALIZATION

Data visualization is very critical to market research where both numerical
and categorical data can be visualized that helps in an increase in impacts of insights and also
helps in reducing risk of analysis paralysis. So, data visualization is categorized into following
categories :

1. Numerical Data :
Numerical data is also known as Quantitative data. Numerical data is any data where data
generally represents amount such as height, weight, age of a person, etc. Numerical data
visualization is easiest way to visualize data. It is generally used for helping others to
digest large data sets and raw numbers in a way that makes it easier to interpret into action.
Numerical data is categorized into two categories :
 Continuous Data –
It can be narrowed or categorized (Example: Height measurements).
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

 Discrete Data –
This type of data is not “continuous” (Example: Number of cars or children’s a
household has).
The type of visualization techniques that are used to represent numerical data visualization
is Charts and Numerical Values. Examples are Pie Charts, Bar Charts, Averages,
Scorecards, etc.
2. Categorical Data :
Categorical data is also known as Qualitative data. Categorical data is any data where data
generally represents groups. It simply consists of categorical variables that are used to
represent characteristics such as a person’s ranking, a person’s gender, etc. Categorical data
visualization is all about depicting key themes, establishing connections, and lending
context. Categorical data is classified into three categories :
 Binary Data –
In this, classification is based on positioning (Example: Agrees or Disagrees).
 Nominal Data –
In this, classification is based on attributes (Example: Male or Female).
 Ordinal Data –
In this, classification is based on ordering of information (Example: Timeline or
processes).

 WHY DATA VISUALIZATION IS IMPORTANT

Here are some benefits of data visualization:

 Communication
Data visualization is a fast and useful communication tool that can bring employees, decision-makers, and
other parties together on information and data.
 Comprehension
Data visualization lets you comprehend vast amounts of data at a glance and in a better way.
 Problem-solving
Data visualization allows for more innovation, creativity, and better problem-solving and teamwork.
 Decision-making
Data visualization can help identify areas that need attention or improvement. It can also aid in decision
making.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

 Here are some other benefits of data visualization:

 Simplifies complex data

 Reveals patterns and trends
 Improves retention and engagement
 Increases accessibility
 Real-time monitoring
 Predictive analysis

1. **Discovers trends in data:**

- **Explanation:** Data visualization allows us to identify patterns, correlations, and trends in
large datasets more effectively than poring over raw numbers.
- **Example:** Imagine a sales dataset over a year. By creating a line chart, you might
observe a consistent increase in sales during specific months, helping you identify seasonal
trends.

2. **Provides a perspective on data:**

- **Explanation:** Visual representation of data helps in gaining insights by presenting
information in a way that is easily understandable.
- **Example:** A pie chart showcasing the distribution of expenses in a budget provides a
quick and clear perspective on where the majority of the funds are allocated.

3. **Puts the data into the correct context:**

- **Explanation:** Visualization helps in understanding the significance and context of data
points by presenting them in a meaningful way.
- **Example:** When comparing the revenue of two different products, a bar chart can show
not just the total revenue but also highlight the relative performance of each product.

4. **Data visualization saves time:**

- **Explanation:** Visualizations allow for a quicker understanding of complex datasets,
reducing the time needed to comprehend and analyze information.
- **Example:** Instead of going through a table of monthly sales figures, a trend line chart
instantly conveys the overall sales trajectory, saving time in decision-making.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

5. **Tells a data story:**

- **Explanation:** Visualization helps in crafting a narrative around the data, making it easier
for others to understand and engage with the information.
- **Example:** A map showing the geographical distribution of customer locations can tell a
compelling story about market penetration and potential areas for business expansion.

In summary, data visualization is a powerful tool that goes beyond just presenting data visually.
It aids in uncovering insights, offering perspectives, providing context, saving time, and telling a
cohesive story that facilitates better decision-making and communication.

ADVANTAGES OF DATA VISUALIZATION:

Here are some advantages of data visualization:

 Simplifies complex data
Data visualization can make it easier to understand large amounts of data.
 Helps identify patterns and trends
Data visualization can help users recognize new patterns and errors in the data.
 Improves communication
Data visualization can be a faster and more effective communication tool than reports and spreadsheets.
 Saves time
Data visualization tools can simplify the data analysis process and present results attractively.
 Improves insights
Data visualization can help users make informed decisions.
 Increases accessibility
Data visualization can benefit everyone from stakeholders to executives and decision-makers.

DISADVANTAGES OF DATA VISUALIZATION:

Improper visualization

The core of a lot of issues and disadvantages stems from this main one. If you’re not careful in
how you build your visualizations, you may end up with visualizations that don’t properly
convey your data. This can lead to confusion and issues down the line if you use that improper
viz to do analysis and draw conclusions.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

You can solve for this by ensuring that the people in your organization (and you) have the proper
training to create good vizzes with your chosen BI software.

Incorrect conclusions

As talked about above, a risk of using data visualization is that your audience may draw incorrect
conclusions. And that’s not just because of improper visualizations. Sometimes a visual medium
can lead to confusion in the viewer, so different people in your audience may walk away with
drastically different conclusions after viewing the same viz.

Inexact

If you’re creating a visual representation of numerical data, there comes an inherent risk of
creating an inexact perception of the data in the mind of the viewer. Especially if there are no
keys or ways to hover over the effects to see the exact numbers involved. It’ll give your viewer
an idea of the data, and probably enough to draw their own conclusions, but it runs the risk of
them having inexact conclusions from inexact data.

You can avoid this by ensuring your visualization is properly labeled, or interactive enough to
hover over and show further details.

TYPES OF DATA VISUALIZATION

1. **Temporal Data Visualization:**
- **Definition:** Temporal data visualization focuses on representing information that
changes over time.
- **Examples:** Time series charts, line graphs, Gantt charts, and calendar heatmaps.
- **Use Cases:** Analyzing trends, patterns, and seasonality in data over specific time
intervals.
2. **Hierarchical Data Visualization:**
- **Definition:** Hierarchical data visualization is used to represent data in a hierarchical
structure, where elements are organized in levels or tiers.
- **Examples:** Tree diagrams, sunburst charts, and dendrogram visualizations.
- **Use Cases:** Displaying relationships and structures within nested categories or
organizational hierarchies.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

3. **Network Data Visualization:**

- **Definition:** Network data visualization focuses on representing relationships and
connections between different entities.
- **Examples:** Network graphs, force-directed graphs, and social network visualizations.
- **Use Cases:** Analyzing relationships in social networks, organizational structures, or any
interconnected systems.
4. **Multidimensional Data Visualization:**
- **Definition:** Multidimensional data visualization deals with datasets that have more than
three dimensions.
- **Examples:** Parallel coordinate plots, radar charts, and 3D scatter plots.
- **Use Cases:** Visualizing and understanding relationships in complex datasets with
multiple variables.
5. **Geospatial Data Visualization:**
- **Definition:** Geospatial data visualization is used to represent information on maps or
geographical spaces.
- **Examples:** Choropleth maps, heatmaps, and point maps.
- **Use Cases:** Analyzing regional patterns, spatial distribution, and relationships between
data and geographical locations.
Each type of data visualization has its strengths and is chosen based on the nature of the data and
the insights you want to derive. Combining these visualization types or using interactive
elements can enhance the ability to communicate complex information effectively.

Five best practices for data visualizations

It’s important to center upon strong practices of design and data representation when
working in Power BI. The app’s functionalities are vast, and it’s easy to get carried
away with the robust visual design and data collection abilit ies and lose track of
what’s most important: showing the facts in a clear way. So here are five best
practices of data visualization to help guide your work in Power BI:

Clear goals

The first step to creating anything —a visualization, a budget report, etc—is to know
who is going to use or see your visual and what function your visual will serve. In
rhetorical terms, this is the audience and purpose of your visual, and without having
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

these two considerations firmly established, any project w ill struggle to be as

effective as it could be. Further, whether you are designing just one visual or several
to showcase together in a report or on a dashboard, your visuals should tell the story
of the data it represents. Of upmost importance is to have a clear sense of who is
going to see your visual, and what you want to show them, and for what reason you
want to show it—all with the ultimate goal of visualizations: to contain and
produce actionable insight.

Optimal organization

Setting visuals side-by-side create contrast and reveal connections. In a series of

visuals, each rely on their neighbors to reveal some insight. But ineffective
organization of visual sets, like dashboards, can cause disruption and muddle
comprehension. When organizing a dashboard or a series of visuals, remember that
order and size of each visual matters. Key visuals should be on larger tiles and
centralized, as should visuals requiring large amounts of data (which would otherwise
be condensed and hard to read). Make sure your dashboard or report visualizations
follow some sort of logical order in how they will be viewed that is based on the
story you want to show in the visuals, such as more foundational, broad information
comes first and visuals of more nuanced or detailed data follow (or the reverse,
depending on what story your visuals are telling). Use grids to section visualizations
and create a clear, clean, and appealing delineation between each. Evenly space rows
and columns on tables and bars on graphs.

Simple designs

Power BI has a full range of design functionalit ies, and as fantastic as it is to have
these capabilities, it’s important to know when and how to use them. Complexit y for
complexity’s sake can lead to confusion. When thinking about design, put yourself in
the shoes of the viewer. Something may be beautiful, but is it clear? Usually, a simple
color scheme is best, with colors that complement each other. Colors can function
purposefully: bars on a graph can be monochromatic blue to showcase different years,
or a single bar can have a light blue up to the allocated budget amount, then a darker
blue to show overflow costs. If something needs to stand out, it can be a different
shade or a color that varies from the main design. Clear, brief labels are best. Even
though a graph may look chic without labels, or you may want to add additional
information to labels to make sure there is no misunderstanding, each of these is an
extreme. Striking a balance between brief and clear will allow for a cleaner look to the
design while still serving the purpose of a label.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Fitting and appropriate format

Power BI boasts a lot of options for visuals, and even more can be purchased in the
Appstore. With options comes the abilit y, and struggle, to find the perfect fit. You
want to choose the best design for the data that will be presented in the visual. Not
all data can be represented in a scatter plot, or a donut chart, pie chart, gauge, or
graph. Each visual design is best suited to fit different data. And remember back to
best practice three: even choosing the appropriate colors can be crucial to your
chosen visual’s effectiveness. Further, if your data and data’s story will not be
insightful without showing contrast or variance, which is often the case, make sure to
show variance through another line on the graph, another column in the table, another
bar on the graph. If you initiate new manufacturing and distribution processes, you
cannot know if they were successful without seeing the data before and after the
changes are implemented.

Clean and uncluttered

A keystone standard of design—whether it be book design, web design, interior

design, or any other variety of design—is space. Human eyes need space between
elements to process what they’ve seen, to understand where their eye s should travel to
and from, to avoid confusion and a feeling of overwhelm. So, there shouldn’t be
more on a report, dashboard, or visual than is necessary to tell the data’s story.
Avoid clutter, whether it be data clutter, design clutter, word clutter, o r too many
visuals. As you design, reassess the overall report, dashboard, or visual. Ask yourself
is this necessary? What, if anything, can I cut?

Below is a comparison of two visuals created in Power BI. The first visual does not
utilize many of the best practices described above, while the second visual does.

Visualization 1: A poorly designed example of data visualization: unclear

representation of data via a ribbon chart, no values for Y -axis, slicer menu clutters top
right corner and blocks some of the graph, color scheme slightly distracting.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Visualization 2: A well-designed example of data visualization: clear representation

of data via bar chart, values on X- and Y-axe0s, monochromatic color scheme for
simplicity and distinction of data categories, and uncluttered.

DATA VISUALIZATION AND BIGDATA

Big data visualization is the process of converting large amounts of analyzed
data into a visual format. The goal is to make it easier for people to understand the
information and draw conclusions from it.
Data visualization can help people identify patterns, trends, and outliers in large data
sets. It can also help tell stories by highlighting useful information and removing noise
from the data.
Some types of big data visualization include:
Line charts, Histograms, Bar charts, Pie charts, Heat maps, Scatter plots, Tree maps,
Word clouds.
Bar charts are used to compare the quantities of different categories or groups. They
can be configured with vertical or horizontal bars.
Interactive data visualization is a more advanced form of data visualization that allows
users to interact with the data in various ways. This can be done by creating an
interactive graph or chart or by providing data visualization tools that allow users to
query and manipulate the data.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

INTRODUCTION TO POWER BI:

Microsoft Power BI is a business platform that provides tools for analyzing, visualizing,
and sharing data. It's a versatile interface that integrates with other Microsoft products and
requires minimal training.
Power BI offers interactive and dynamic features for creating dashboards, which are collections
of visuals. These dashboards can be built with a high level of interactivity and are accessible in
various formats to consumers.
BI stands for business intelligence(Collects,stores,analyzes data from companies
activities). Microsoft Power BI is a platform that provides tools for business users to analyze,
visualize, and share data. Business intelligence tools analyze historical and current data to
present findings in visual formats. Power BI is a unified platform that allows users to connect to
and visualize data, and then seamlessly incorporate the visuals into the apps they use. Power BI
provides cloud-based BI services, known as "Power BI Services", and a desktop-based interface,
called "Power BI Desktop". It provides data warehouse capabilities including data preparation,
data mining, and interactive dashboards.
BENEFITS OF POWER BI:

 Data connectivity: Power BI can connect to a large number of data sources, including
Excel.
 Visualization: Power BI can display insights in a clear, graphical, and actionable way.
 Scalability: Power BI is affordable and suitable for businesses of all sizes.
 Ease of use: Power BI is easy to use, agile, and seamlessly integrates with Microsoft
products.
 Customization: Power BI dashboards are more visually appealing, interactive, and
customizable than Excel dashboards.
 Real-time data: Power BI provides real-time access to information.
 Collaboration: Power BI enables collaboration.

TYPES OF BI TOOLS:

Business Intelligence (BI) tools encompass a variety of functionalities designed to help

organizations make informed decisions based on their data. Here are explanations of different
types of BI tools:

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

1. **Mobile BI:**
- **Definition:** Mobile BI tools allow users to access and interact with business
intelligence data on mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
- **Use Cases:** Enables on-the-go decision-making, real-time updates, and
responsiveness.EG:-Zoho analytics

2. **Real-time BI:**
- **Definition:** Real-time BI tools provide insights and analytics on data as it is
generated, allowing for immediate decision-making.
- **Use Cases:** Critical for industries where timely decisions are crucial, such as finance,
stock trading, and emergency response.

3. **Operational BI:**
- **Definition:** Operational BI focuses on providing real-time data to support day-to-day
operational activities and processes.
- **Use Cases:** Helps monitor and optimize ongoing business processes, improving
efficiency and responsiveness.

4. **Collaborative BI:**
- **Definition:** Collaborative BI tools promote sharing and collaboration on business
intelligence insights among team members.
- **Use Cases:** Facilitates teamwork, knowledge sharing, and collective decision-making
within organizations.

5. **Location Intelligence:**
- **Definition:** Location Intelligence, or spatial intelligence, involves analyzing and
visualizing data in the context of geographic locations.
- **Use Cases:** Useful for understanding spatial patterns, optimizing logistics, and
making location-based decisions.

6. **SaaS BI (Software as a Service BI):**

- **Definition:** SaaS BI tools are cloud-based business intelligence solutions that users
access over the internet without needing to install software locally.
- **Use Cases:** Offers flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness for organizations with
varying data needs.

7. **OLAP (Online Analytical Processing):**

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

- **Definition:** Analyzing data from different views.OLAP tools allow users to analyze
multidimensional data interactively.
- **Use Cases:** Ideal for complex data analysis, data mining, and generating business
insights from multi-dimensional datasets.

8. **Ad hoc Analytics:**

- **Definition:**Identifies patterns in the data. Ad hoc analytics tools enable users to
create reports and perform analyses on-the-fly without relying on predefined reports.
- **Use Cases:** Provides flexibility for users to explore and analyze data according to
their specific needs without requiring IT support.

Each type of BI tool serves a unique purpose, catering to different business requirements and
preferences. Organizations often deploy a combination of these tools to create a
comprehensive BI environment that meets their specific needs for data analysis and decision-
making.

Power BI Desktop is a free application that you can install on your computer to analyze and
visualize data. It allows you to connect to multiple data sources and combine them into a data
model. You can also use it to create dynamic measures and interactive reports.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Power BI mobile apps are software programs that allow mobile users to access and interact with
their business data. They are available on Windows phones and tablets, as well as for iOS and
Android devices.

NEED OF POWER BI
1. Data Visualization and Analysis:
 Need: Organizations generate vast amounts of data, and there is a need to convert this
data into meaningful insights. Power BI allows users to create interactive and visually
appealing dashboards and reports to analyze data effectively.
2. Ease of Use:
 Need: Many business users may not have a technical background, and there is a need for
a user-friendly tool that allows non-technical users to create reports and visualizations
without extensive training. Power BI's intuitive interface makes it accessible to a broad
audience.
3. Data Integration:
 Need: Businesses often have data stored in various sources, such as databases,
spreadsheets, and cloud services. Power BI provides robust data connectivity options,
enabling users to connect to diverse data sources and create a unified view of their data.
4. Real-time Insights:
 Need: In today's fast-paced business environment, real-time insights are crucial for
making informed decisions. Power BI supports real-time data updates, allowing
organizations to monitor and respond to changes as they happen.
5. Collaboration and Sharing:
 Need: Effective collaboration is essential for decision-making. Power BI facilitates
collaboration by allowing users to share reports and dashboards with colleagues. The
cloud-based Power BI Service enables real-time collaboration and sharing of insights
across the organization.

HISTORY OF POWERBI
Ron George designed and created it in 2010 and released it under the name “Project
Crescent.” Later that September, Microsoft changed the name to Power BI and made it available
to the public. Power BI for Office 365 release included Microsoft Excel add-ins, Power Pivot,
Power View, and Power Query.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

5 Building blocks of powerBI:-

1)Tile:- In Power BI, a tile is a snapshot of data that is pinned to a dashboard. Tiles
can be created from a variety of sources, including reports, dashboards, the Q&A box,
Excel, and SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) reports.
2)Report:- A Power BI report is a multi-perspective view of a data model. It can
contain a single visualization or multiple pages of visualizations. Reports are used for
in-depth analysis and exploration of data to answer complex business questions.
3)Dashboard:- A Power BI report is a multi-perspective view of a data model. It can
contain a single visualization or multiple pages of visualizations. Reports are used for
in-depth analysis and exploration of data to answer complex business questions.
4)Visual:- A visual in Power BI is a visual representation of data. Visuals are a key
part of any Power BI report, as they help users identify and understand patterns in the
data. Visualizations part in powerBI
5)Datasets:- A dataset in Power BI is a collection of data that can be imported,
connected to, and used for reporting and visualizations. Datasets include data, tables,
relationships, calculations, and a connection to the data source. You can find in Get
data option->Excel,Web,Text/CSV(comma-separated values).You will get plenty of
datasets in kaggle.com where you can download the datasets.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

POWERBI COMPONENTS

1)Power Query Editor:- The Power Query Editor is a graphical user interface (GUI)
that allows users to prepare data. It connects to a variety of data sources and allows
users to apply data transformations by previewing data and selecting transformations
from the UI.
Go TO->Transform data->Displays editor called power query.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

2)Power BI Desktop:- Power BI Desktop is a free application that can be installed

on a local computer. It allows users to connect to data, transform it, and visualize
it. Power BI Desktop is the core development application used to develop Power BI
components.

3)PowerBI Service:- Power BI is a cloud-based service that allows users to visualize

and analyze data. It is a collection of software services, apps, and connectors that can
turn unrelated data sources into interactive insights.
Power BI can convert data from different sources to create interactive dashboards and
Business Intelligence reports. It can also support report editing and collaboration for
teams and organizations.
Go to->Publish->If you have license then you can upload it into the cloud and
shae with the team members to build realtime projects.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

4)Power View:- Power View is a data visualization tool that allows users to create
interactive charts, graphs, maps, and other visuals. It is available in Excel, SharePoint,
SQL Server, and Power BI. (Visual part only)
5)Power Pivot:- Power Pivot is an Excel add-in that allows users to perform data
analysis and create data models. It can import, manipulate, and analyze large amounts
of data without losing speed or functionality and also calculation part i.e new
measure option
Go to->model view(left most corner 3rd option)
Mostly used while building realtime projects inorder to check which module is
interlinked with what.
Data modeling in Power BI is the process of analyzing and defining the data types a
business collects and produces, as well as the relationships between them. It's a logical
representation of how data is structured and related within the tool.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Creating relationships between tables in data modeling:-

New measure(Calculation part)-

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Go to New Measure option->A dialogue box with measure gets displays->Erase and
write the formula for what you need to make calculations.

6)Power Q&A(Question & Answer):-

The Q&A feature in Power BI lets you explore your data in your own words. Q&A is available on
dashboards and on reports. The AI and ML in powerBI automatically answers the questions considering
the datasets
On the dataset/charts page->double tab->Dialogue box opens->Ask question

7)Power Map and PowerBI Mobile App:-

Power Map is a 3D data visualization tool in Microsoft's Power BI and Excel. It
allows users to map and plot data from Excel tables or Data Models in Excel on Bing
maps in 3D format.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

PowerBI Mobile App:-

Power BI mobile apps are software programs that allow mobile users to access and
interact with their business data. They combine both onsite and on cloud data to help
the user view shared dashboards in Power BI and reports through the Power BI
operating system.
Power BI mobile apps are available on iOS (iPad, iPhone, iPod Touch, or Apple
Watch), Android phone or tablet, or Windows.
Power BI is a collection of software services, apps, and connectors that work together
to turn unrelated sources of data into coherent, visually immersive, and interactive
insights.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

8)Data Catalog:- A data catalog is a detailed inventory of all data assets in an

organization. It helps data professionals find the most appropriate data for any
analytical or business purpose.
Data catalogs provide quality data information and detailed descriptions, track
data history, comply with metadata rules, promote teamwork, limit access, and
assist with data preparation.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

POWERBI ARCHITECTURE:-

PowerBI has 3 phases,The first 2 phases uses ETL(Extract,transform, and load) process to handle
the data.
1. Data Integration
An organization needs to deal with the data that comes from different sources.
First, extract the data from different servers, etc. which can be your separate database,
Then the data is integrated into a standard format and stored at a common that's called staging
area.
2. Data Processing
Still, the integrated data is not ready for visualization because the data needs processing before it
can be presented. This data is pre-processed.
For example, the missing values or redundant values will be removed from the data sets.
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

After that, the business rules will be applied to the data, and it transforms into presentable data.
Then this data will be loaded into the data warehouse.
3. Data presentation
Once the data is loaded and processed, then it can be visualized much better with the use of
various visualization that Power BI offers
By using of dashboard and reports, we represent the data more intuitively.
These visual reports help business end-users to take business decision based on the insights.

POWER BI TOOLS

1.PowerBI Desktop:
Power BI Desktop is a free application from Microsoft that allows users to connect to,
transform, and visualize data. It is a key component of Microsoft Business
Intelligence and allows users to import, analyze, and create reports.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Power BI Desktop is always free, and allows users to connect to different types of
data sources and transform it into a data model. The Power BI Service is the cloud-
based service where users can view and interact with the reports.
Power BI can help connect disparate data sets, transform and clean the data into a data
model, and create charts or graphs to provide visuals of the data. All of this can be
shared with other Power BI users within the organization.

2.PowerBI Service:
The Power BI service is a cloud-based service, or software as a service (SaaS). It supports report editing
and collaboration for teams and organizations. You can connect to data sources in the Power BI service,
too, but modeling is limited.

3.PowerBI Data Gateway:

Power BI Gateway is a software that is required to access data situated in an
on-premises network. Gateway act as a gatekeeper for the on-premises data
source. If anyone needs to access on-premises data from a cloud or web-
based app, the request goes through the gateway.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

4.PowerBI Report Server:

Power BI Report Server is a server that allows users to create and manage reports and
KPIs on-premises. It also provides tools for hosting and distributing Power BI
reports.
Here are some steps for creating a Power BI report for Power BI Report Server:
1. Install Power BI Desktop for Power BI Report Server
2. Select a data source
3. Design the report
4. Save the report to the report server

Power BI Report Server is included with Power BI Premium, which gives users the
option to move to the cloud. It can host both .rdl (SSRS)- SQL Server Reporting Service
and .pbix (Power BI) reports.

To access Power BI Report Server, users can:

1. Go to the File menu

2. Select Power BI Report Server from Open
3. Enter the web portal URL from the step of configuring the report server

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

5.PowerBI Mobile Apps:

Power BI mobile apps are available for iOS, Android, and Windows 10
mobile devices. They allow users to:
 View and interact with Power BI dashboards
 Share dashboards with colleagues
 Discover insights
 Connect to data
 Make insights
 Collaborate on the go
 Get notified when data changes

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

POWERBI ADVANTAGES:

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

1. Secure Report Publishing: You can automate setup data refresh and publish.
reports that allowing all the users to avail the latest information.

2. No Memory and Speed Constraints: To Shift an existing BI system into a

powerful cloud environment with Power BI embedded eliminates memory. Speed
constraints ensure that data is quickly retrievable and analyzed.

3. No Specialized Technical Support required: The Power BI provides quick

inquiry and analysis without the need for specialized technical support. It also
supports a powerful natural language interface and the use of intuitive graphical
designer tools.

4. Simple to Use: Power BI is simple to use. Users can easily find it only on behalf
of a short learning curve.

5. Constant innovation: The Power BI product is updated in every month with new
functions and features.

6. Rich, personalized dashboard: The crowning feature of Power BI is the

information dashboards that can be customized to meet the exact need of any
enterprise. You can easily embed the dashboards, and BI reports in the
applications to provide a unified user experience.

Here are some disadvantages of Power BI, as shown below:

1. Dashboards and reports are only shared with the users who are having the same email
domains.

2. Power BI will not merge imported data that is accessed from real-time connections.

3. Power BI only accepts the file size maximum 250 Mb and the zip file which is
compressed by the data of the x-velocity in-memory database.

4. Dashboard never accepts or pass user, account, or any other entity parameters.

5. Very few data sources permit real-time connections to Power BI reports and dashboards

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

PowerBI scalable options:

Power BI is a cloud-based solution that offers scalability and a large data

capacity. It is available in different editions, including Power BI Pro and Power
BI Premium, to suit the needs of organizations of all sizes.
Power BI can automatically scale back during low-demand times to decrease the
number of replicas. This helps enterprise customers handle demand peaks in a cost-
efficient way.

Power BI Pro includes the following features:

 Data collaboration
 Data governance
 Dashboard building
 Report publishing
 Sharing
 10 GB of storage per user
 Data compression
 Data modeling
Power BI Pro costs $9.99 per user per month, and users can try it for free for 60
days.

Power BI Premium also includes:

 100GB model size limit

 100TB of storage
 Access to one API surface
 XMLA endpoint read/write connectivity
 Data flows
 Analyze data stored in Azure Data Lake Storage
 Application lifecycle management

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Power BI is available in three formats:

 Power BI Desktop
 Power BI service (SaaS)
 Power BI mobile app (supports both Android and iOS)

POWERBI Dataaccess:

Power BI Desktop can connect to many different data sources. To connect to

data, you can:
1. Select Get data from the Home ribbon
2. Choose from the available data sources
3. Select Enter data from the Home ribbon to enter data directly into Power BI Desktop

You can also connect to an Access database from Power BI Desktop. To do this, you
can:
1. Select Get data > More > Database > Access database
2. Create reports
3. Save the Power BI Desktop (PBIX) file

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

You can also share Power BI reports and dashboards with coworkers. To do this, you
can:
1. Select Share from a list of dashboards or an open dashboard
2. Enter the name or email address of the user or group
3. Optionally type a message
4. Select Grant access
Direct access in Power BI grants a user direct permission to access a report or
dashboard. This provides immediate access to the report without any additional
steps. Direct access is generally a more secure way to grant access to reports and
dashboards.
You can also use row-level security (RLS) with Power BI to restrict data access for
given users. Filters restrict data access at the row level, and you can define filters
within roles.
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

POWERBI DATASOURCES:

Power BI Desktop supports the following data sources:

Flat files, Databases, Microsoft Fabric, Power Platform, Azure, Online services.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Power BI also supports connecting to a variety of data source connectors to load data
directly into the dashboard from the data source. Users can then use Power BI charts,
graphs, KPIs, and reports to analyze data and gain interactive insights.
Some examples of data sources include:

 Databases
 Flat files
 Live measurements from physical devices
 Scraped web data
 Static and streaming data services
Here are some other data sources for Power BI:

 Microsoft Azure: A cloud-based database solution that is part of the Microsoft product
ecosystem.
 MS Access: A data source to Power BI.
 Excel: A data source to Power BI.
 Azure Synapse Analytics: Combines with Power BI to provide a unique, modern approach to
data analytics.
 Azure Databricks: Provides Power BI integration that allows users to discover and share insights
quickly and easily.
 Azure Analysis Services: An analytical data engine used in decision support and business
analytics. It provides analytical data for business reports and client applications such as Power
BI.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

POWERBI VISUALS LISTS:(Datavisualizations in powerBI)

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Area charts: Basic (Layered) and Stacked

The basic area chart is based on the line chart with the area between the axis and line
filled in. Area charts emphasize the magnitude of change over time, and can be used to
draw attention to the total value across a trend. For example, data that represents
profit over time can be plotted in an area chart to emphasize the total profit.

Bar and column charts

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Bar charts are the standard for looking at a specific value across different categories.

Cards

Multi row

Multi row cards display one or more data points, one per row.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Single number

Single number cards display a single fact, a single data point. Sometimes a single
number is the most important thing you want to track in your Power BI dashboard or
report, such as total sales, market share year over year, or total opportunities.

Combo charts

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

A combo chart combines a column chart and a line chart. Combining the two charts
into one lets you make a quicker comparison of the data. Combo charts can have one or
two Y axes, so be sure to look closely.

Combo charts are a great choice:

 When you have a line chart and a column chart with the same X axis.
 To compare multiple measures with different value ranges.
 To illustrate the correlation between two measures in one visual.
 To check whether one measure meets the target which is defined by another measure.
 To conserve canvas space.

Decomposition tree

The decomposition tree visual lets you visualize data across multiple dimensions. It
automatically aggregates data and enables drilling down into your dimensions in any
order. It is also an artificial intelligence (AI) visualization, so you can ask it to find the
next dimension to drill down into based on certain criteria. This makes it a valuable tool
for ad hoc exploration and conducting root cause analysis.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Doughnut charts

Doughnut charts are similar to pie charts. They show the relationship of parts to a
whole. The only difference is that the center is blank and allows space for a label or icon.

Funnel charts

Funnels help visualize a process that has stages, and items flow sequentially from one
stage to the next. One example is a sales process that starts with leads and ends
with purchase fulfillment.

For example, a sales funnel that tracks customers through stages: Lead > Qualified Lead
> Prospect > Contract > Close. At a glance, the shape of the funnel conveys the health
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

of the process you're tracking. Each funnel stage represents a percentage of the total.
So, in most cases, a funnel chart is shaped like a funnel -- with the first stage being the
largest, and each subsequent stage smaller than its predecessor. A pear-shaped funnel
is also useful -- it can identify a problem in the process. But typically, the first stage, the
"intake" stage, is the largest.

Gauge charts

A radial gauge chart has a circular arc and displays a single value that measures
progress toward a goal. The goal, or target value, is represented by the line (needle).
Progress toward that goal is represented by the shading. And the value that represents
that progress is shown in bold inside the arc. All possible values are spread evenly along
the arc, from the minimum (left-most value) to the maximum (right-most value).

In the example above, we are a car retailer, tracking our Sales team's average sales per
month. Our goal is 200,000 and represented by the location of the needle. The minimum
possible average sales is 100,000 and we've set the maximum as 250,000. The blue
shading shows that we're currently averaging approximately $180,000 this month.
Luckily, we still have another week to reach our goal.

Radial gauges are a great choice to:

 Show progress toward a goal.

 Represent a percentile measure, like a KPI.
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

 Show the health of a single measure.

 Display information that can be quickly scanned and understood.

Key influencers chart

A key influencer chart displays the major contributors to a selected result or value.

Key influencers are a great choice to help you understand the factors that influence a
key metric. For example, what influences customers to place a second order or why
were sales so high last June.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

KPIs(key performance indicators)

A Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is a visual cue that communicates the amount of
progress made toward a measurable goal.

KPIs are a great choice:

 To measure progress (what am I ahead or behind on?).

 To measure distance to a metric (how far ahead or behind am I?).

Line charts

Line charts emphasize the overall shape of an entire series of values, usually over time.
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

Maps

Basic map

Use a basic map to associate both categorical and quantitative information with spatial
locations.

Pie charts

Pie charts show the relationship of parts to a whole.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Scatter

Scatter, bubble, and dot plot chart

A scatter chart always has two value axes to show one set of numerical data along a
horizontal axis and another set of numerical values along a vertical axis. The chart
displays points at the intersection of an x and y numerical value, combining these values
into single data points. These data points might be distributed evenly or unevenly across
the horizontal axis, depending on the data.

A bubble chart replaces data points with bubbles, with the bubble size representing an
additional dimension of the data.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Both scatter and bubble charts can also have a play axis, which can show changes over
time.

A dot plot chart is similar to a bubble chart and scatter chart except that it can plot
numerical or categorical data along the X axis. This example happens to use squares
instead of circles and plots sales along the X axis.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Scatter-high density

By definition, high-density data is sampled to create visuals reasonably quickly that are
responsive to interactivity. High-density sampling uses an algorithm that eliminates
overlapping points, and ensures that all points in the data set are represented in the
visual. It doesn't just plot a representative sample of the data.

This ensures the best combination of responsiveness, representation, and clear

preservation of important points in the overall data set.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Slicers

A slicer is a standalone chart that can be used to filter the other visuals on the page.
Slicers come in many different formats (category, range, date, etc.) and can be formatted
to allow selection of only one, many, or all of the available values.

Slicers are a great choice to:

 Display commonly used or important filters on the report canvas for easier access.
 Make it easier to see the current filtered state without having to open a drop-down list.
 Filter by columns that are unneeded and hidden in the data tables.
 Create more focused reports by putting slicers next to important visuals.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Smart narrative

The Smart narrative adds text to reports to point out trends, key takeaways, and add
explanations and context. The text helps users to understand the data and identify the
important findings quickly.

Tables

A table is a grid that contains related data in a logical series of rows and columns. It
might also contain headers and a row for totals. Tables work well with quantitative

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

comparisons where you are looking at many values for a single category. For example,
this table displays five different measures for Category.

Tables are a great choice:

 To see and compare detailed data and exact values (instead of visual representations).
 To display data in a tabular format.
 To display numerical data by categories.

Treemaps

Treemaps are charts of colored rectangles, with size representing value. They can be
hierarchical, with rectangles nested within the main rectangles. The space inside each
rectangle is allocated based on the value being measured. And the rectangles are
arranged in size from top left (largest) to bottom right (smallest).

Treemaps are a great choice:

 To display large amounts of hierarchical data.

 When a bar chart can't effectively handle the large number of values.
 To show the proportions between each part and the whole.
 To show the pattern of the distribution of the measure across each level of categories in
the hierarchy.
 To show attributes using size and color coding.
 To spot patterns, outliers, most-important contributors, and exceptions.
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

Waterfall charts

A waterfall chart shows a running total as values are added or subtracted. It's useful for
understanding how an initial value (for example, net income) is affected by a series of
positive and negative changes.

The columns are color coded so you can quickly tell increases and decreases. The initial
and the final value columns often start on the horizontal axis, while the intermediate
values are floating columns. Because of this "look", waterfall charts are also called bridge
charts.

Waterfall charts are a great choice:

 When you have changes for the measure across time or across different categories.
 To audit the major changes contributing to the total value.
 To plot your company's annual profit by showing various sources of revenue and arrive at
the total profit (or loss).
 To illustrate the beginning and the ending headcount for your company in a year.
 To visualize how much money you make and spend each month, and the running balance
for your account.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Visualizations for spatial data,geospatial:

Geospatial data visualization is a way to represent the importance of location data by providing
visual context. It helps to tell the story behind the data by highlighting the physical connection
between specific data points.
Geospatial data, or geodata, is data that includes information related to locations on the Earth's
surface.
Styles of Geospatial visualization includes:-
 Map
 Filled map
 Azure map
 ArcGIS map

Power BI's map visualization tool helps users analyze spatial data by creating maps that represent
their data. The tool integrates with Bing Maps, which provides geographic data and a variety of
map styles.

Here are some steps to create a basic map in Power BI:

1. Create a new report in Power BI Desktop

2. Click on the Map View visual in the Visualizations pane
3. Drag and drop the data fields to visualize onto the visual
4. Use the formatting options to customize the map's appearance
Here are some other things to know about maps in Power BI:

 A map only shows the data points for the selected location.
 A filled map selects the area portion of the selected location on the map.
 To enable shape maps, select File > Options and Settings > Options > Preview Features, then
select the Shape map visual checkbox.
 To enable map settings, open Fileoption > Open Settings > Open Security, then enable the Filled
Map option and enable Use Sign Experience.
 To use the Azure Maps Power BI visual, enable the Azure Maps Power BI visual, then select the
Azure Maps icon from the Visualizations pane.

We can also format the visuals of the map using format visual option.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Filled Map:

A filled map in Power BI allocates a specific area of a location, while a map only
locates the location as a data point. Filled maps are used to analyze data variation or
patterns across displayed locations.
To create a filled map in Power BI, you can:

1. Expand Geo on the Data pane and select the State field.
2. Select Filled map on the Visualizations pane to convert the visual.
You can also enable map and filled map visuals by going to File, then Option and
settings, then Options, then Global(Security), and enabling Map and filled map
visuals.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Azure Maps:

Azure Maps is a visual feature in Power BI that provides customization options for map
visuals. These options include location name fields, filled map layers, and pie chart layers. The
Azure Maps Visual for Power BI also supports various data layers, including heat maps, filled
maps, 3D columns, bubble, and pie.
We need to signin to powerBI inorder to use this kind of map.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

ArcGIS map:

ArcGIS Maps for Power BI provides mapping and analysis tools, demographic
data, and visualizations.

Time Oriented Data:

Time-oriented data, also known as time series data, is a collection of data points collected over
time and ordered chronologically.

 Line charts: Connect data points with a line to show data over a period of time.
 Area charts: Visualize the time-series relationship of data, such as the popularity of a product
over time.
 Scatter plots: Show the relationship between two variables by plotting data points on a Cartesian
plane.
 Bubble charts: Visualize three variables at once, which is useful for complex data patterns or
trends.
 Bargraphs: Show the distribution of a data set over time.
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

 Donut charts: Present data as a circular graph divided into slices.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

MULTIVARIATE DATA IN POWERBI:

Multivariate Reporting (also known as Small Multiples) uses a series of visuals with the same
measure and same scales but showcases various partitions of the data. The benefit is that you can
allow your report consumers to easily compare the same measure across dimensions and all in a
single view!

Here I have a visual that is NOT with multivariate mode OFF:

You will notice that as you select various views of the data (e.g. Year 2014 & Division Core, Year
2013 & Division Core, Year 2014 & Division Growth, Year 2013 & Division Growth, etc.), it
becomes quite difficult to compare any more than two views of the dataset at a time.

Now let’s compare this experience with Multivariate Mode ON.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

First select “Show Year” to see visual comparing various years:

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Now we can easily compare for multiple years or range of years. What’s a quick insight here? Look
at Texas you can easily able to see from 2013-2014 had revenue of ~$10M, and 2014 ~$5M, and
2013 was not that great (Green = $20M, Yellow = $10M, Red = $0M)
Let’s select “Show Division” to add another dimension to compare.

TREES:

The decomposition tree visual in Power BI lets you visualize data across multiple dimensions. It
automatically aggregates data and enables drilling down into your dimensions in any order. It's
also an artificial intelligence (AI) visualization, so you can ask it to find the next dimension to drill
down into based on certain criteria. This tool is valuable for ad hoc exploration and conducting
root cause analysis.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Get started

Select the decomposition tree icon from the Visualizations pane.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

The visualization requires two types of input:

 Analyze – the metric you would like to analyze. It must be a measure or an

aggregate.
 Explain By – one or more dimensions you would like to drill down into.

Once you drag your measure into the field well, the visual updates to showcase the
aggregated measure. In the example below, we're visualizing the average % of products
on backorder (5.07%).

The next step is to bring in one or more dimensions you would like to drill down into. Add these
fields to the Explain by bucket. Notice that a plus sign appears next to your root node. Selecting
the + lets you choose which field you would like to drill into (you can drill into fields in any order
that you want).

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Selecting Forecast bias results in the tree expanding and breaking down the measure by the
values in the column. This process can be repeated by choosing another node to drill into.

You can also right click on the tree and select show table options where data gets displayed into
the table.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

GRAPHS AND NETWORK CHARTS:

What is a network chart?

All data is just meaningless numbers if you don’t provide proper context to it.
That’s why there are many types of charts out there, each of them suited for
the kind of data you want to display.

In the case of a network chart, you would be visualizing categorical data. Each
category is represented as a node or vertice, and they are mutually
connected with links or edges to denote hierarchy. Most network charts will
have one or multiple center nodes which will branch out into smaller
subnodes.

Network charts for business intelligence are ideal for depicting corporate
structures or any other network of relationships. They allow you to crunch
down large numbers into smaller subsets and see their respective
allocations.

Some report creators try to adapt other data visualization types like pie or
donut charts to show hierarchical data, and that’s how UX monstrosities like
sunburst charts are born; confusing and hard-to-read. Network charts, on the
other hand, will display this data in an easy-to-read and visually
pleasing way.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Network chart

Drill Down Network PRO’s most notable quality is its simplicity. When using it
to create your network diagram, it will automatically detect the relationships
between nodes and create a simple network chart. However, this also means
that you have less control over defining the relationships between nodes.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

As shown in the table below, we have input our Source nodes A and B, and
their respective Targets, B and A. Drill Down Network PRO recognizes these
as separate values and displays them as such.

This makes Drill Down Network PRO great for displaying non-complex
networks using category-based unique values. One way to use a network
chart is by breaking down a large number into smaller subsets, showing the
way you arrived at that total. For example, you can display the total amount of
sales or revenue, and then break it down further into departments,
countries, or sales agents. It’s a way to simplify complex data, making it a
valuable tool for business intelligence.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Graph chart

For a social networking diagram, an org chart or an AML graph, our Drill Down
Graph PRO visual would be a better fit.

In short, graph charts are excellent for showing the relationships between
various nodes. You can manually set a source node, a target node, and a
value for each data point, giving you complete control over the node
relations.

For example, using Drill Down Graph PRO, you can define the link between
two nodes to be bi-directional. That means that you have the option to
configure node A and node B to display a relationship that holds weight in
both directions, A to B and B to A, rather than just A to B.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

How to create a network chart in Power BI Desktop

Microsoft Power BI is the undisputed leader in business intelligence software,

and its large adoption rate means that even if there’s something missing from
the core feature set, there’s more than likely a custom visualization created by
Microsoft partners and third-party developers that will provide the functionality
you need. You can browse AppSource to find a custom visual for your
intended purpose.

ZoomCharts Drill Down Network PRO is a custom visualization for Power BI

that you can use to create an interactive and easy-to-navigate network chart.
To get started, simply download the visual from AppSource and add it to your
Power BI report.

Afterward, drag in the categories that you want to display as Nodes, and then
add the numerical value you want to display by dragging it into

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

the Measure field. With just these two fields, Drill Down Network PRO will be
able to create a beautiful and force-directed network chart.

Power BI network chart customization

Okay, I have made a network chart from my data. What now?

Time to explore the wide range of customization options! Drill Down Network
PRO offers you many ways to increase the visual saliency of your data, or just
make your report aesthetically pleasing. Make your chart truly yours by
adjusting any visual aspect of the nodes, links, and labels, including their
color, width, shape, and other options.

Furthermore, you can include custom hex codes for each category, and the
visual will apply that color to their corresponding nodes. It’s an easy way to
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

create a visual distinction between different categories. Of course, you can do

the same with links as well.

If you want to make your Power BI report more accessible for your users,
you can also choose the shapes for your nodes to distinguish them from one
another. For example, maybe some of your users have a form of color
blindness that limits them from accurately distinguishing colors. Perhaps
you’re making your report in greyscale, so to make it more visually interesting,
you can assign different node shapes for the categories. Drill Down Network
PRO has 3 shape options – circle, rectangle, and droplet.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

As a cherry on top, you can add custom images for each category by
including them in the Image field. One of our favorite ways to use this feature
is adding country flags for each market when building a sales report or adding
a logo for each subsidiary if it’s a financial report.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

This is just a brief overview of the vast customization options offered by Drill
Down Network PRO which is a Microsoft product for powerBI
customization purpose.

Use cases for Power BI network charts

First things first – network charts are not suited for every purpose. However, if
your category-based data needs a simple visual representation of hierarchy,
this visualization type is unmatched. Here are just a few examples of how you
can use Drill Down Network PRO as a powerful data storytelling tool.

Logistics chart

Drill Down Network PRO can also be a key element in ensuring you never run
into supply chain disruptions.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Microsoft recognized this visual’s potential and, along with Drill Down Map
PRO, used it to build a platform meant exclusively for efficient supply chain
management - Dynamics 365 Supply Chain Insights. Working together, our
network and map visuals reflect manufacturer production plans, with the
network showcasing how the network of their production hubs while the map
visual adds geographical context to the data.

Project management chart

It’s one thing to simply have the project name and its budget in a financial
report but having a detailed visual that shows how you arrived at that number
is so much better. In a network chart you can have one or multiple central
nodes representing the total costs of a project, and then branch out into each
task group node which can expand further into individual expenses.

For example, if your company is planning a multi-channel marketing

campaign, you can list each promotional activity (e.g., paid social media post,
print ad on a magazine or a TV spot) and then categorize it by the channel
(Facebook, LinkedIn, publication, or TV channel name).

If you have a column that sorts them into general categories (e.g., Social
Media, Print, Retail, etc.), each of them will be represented as larger nodes
from which all of the other categories will branch out. And, of course, in the
middle you can place the central node that will show the total budget of the
project.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

No matter what kind of project you are undertaking, a clear and concise way
to visualize it will go a long way in making things more organized and
transparent.

Human Resources chart

How do you track salary data across multiple departments in your company?
That’s right – you create a network chart. Using Drill Down Network PRO, you
can create comprehensive network diagrams that show financial information,
such as expenses or income, for different branches within your company. This
is a great way to easily see how your budget is being spent.

With the central node showing the total budget, and each subnode
corresponding to the divisions of your company, you can easily see at a
RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI
 DATA VISUALIZATION

glance how much of your budget goes to each department. You can even
branch out further to include each employee as a node and include their
individual salaries.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

TEXT AND DOCUMENTATION VISUALIZATION

You can add text boxes, shapes, and smart narrative visuals to reports in Power BI
Desktop or the Power BI service. The smart narrative visual uses artificial intelligence to
provide a text summary of your visuals and reports. In either Power BI Desktop or the
Power BI service, you must have editing permissions for the report. If a report has been
shared with you in the Power BI service, you won't have editing permissions.

Add a text box to a report

This procedure uses the Retail Analysis sample available in the Power BI service.

 Power BI Desktop
 Power BI service

1. In Power BI Desktop, go to the Home tab, select Insert, and then select Text box.

2. Power BI places an empty text box on the canvas. To position the text box, select
the grey area at the top and drag to your desired location. To resize the text box, select
and drag any of the sizing handles.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

3. Type your text into the text box. You can then set the format font style, including
color, size, and subscript or superscript, and text alignment, including indents and
bulleted lists.
4. With the text box still selected, add other formatting in the Format text
box pane. In this example, the text has a theme color, and added bullets and
superscript. You can also specify an exact size and position for a text box.

Add a shape to a report

You can add shapes to Power BI reports with a variety of formatting options and styling.
You can also upgrade old shapes in your reports.

Now you're ready to create your own shapes:

1. Place your cursor anywhere on the report canvas and select Shapes.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

2. From the dropdown, select a shape to add it to your report canvas. Then, in
the Format pane, you can customize the shape to suit your needs. For this
example, the arrow has been rotated 45 degrees and formatted to include text and
a shadow.

3. To position the shape, select the grey area at the top and drag to the desired
location. To resize the shape, select and drag any of the sizing handles. As with the
text box, you can also create an exact size and position and shape.

Add a smart narrative

You can also add a smart narrative to your report. The smart narrative visualization uses
artificial intelligence to provide a text summary of your visuals and reports. It provides
relevant insights that you can customize.

1. In the Visualizations pane, select the Smart narrative icon. If you don't see it, you
may need to turn on the preview.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

2. Power BI creates a text box with auto-generated text describing interesting

features of the data in your report.

3. You can format it as you would any other text box. The smart narrative underlines
values found in the data.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

POWER QUERY AND M LANGUAGE:

Power Query is a tool for pulling data into Power BI. The Power Query M
formula language, also known as M, is the data transformation language used by
Power Query

What is M?
M is informal name of Power Query Formula Language. The formal name is so long that
no one uses that, everyone call it M! M stands for Data Mashup, some say stands for
Data Modeling. M is a functional language, and it is important to know functions of it.
However, each language has a structure and syntax which is the beginner level of
learning that language. In this post, I will explain the syntax of M. Before learning M, I
would like you to read this sentence loud;

Syntax of M
Syntax of this language is simple. it always has two blocks of programming: LET expression
block, and IN expression block. Here is the most simple M syntax;

let

x=1

in

let and in are reserved words. before going even one step further, the first and foremost
thing you need to know;
M (Power Query Formula Language) is Case Sensitive. There is a difference between
x and X.
what are these two programming blocks:

let: definition of all variables

in: output! Yes, in actually means out! just named as in. everything you put in this block will
be the output of your query.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

In that select,advance editor option

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

In that start writing the query using M language.

Make sure when you write the script that you put reserved words such as let and in all
lowercase. also your variable name should be the same case in both let and in section.

As you can see, there is no need to define data types for variable. it will be automatically
assigned when the first assignment occurs.

If you specify a text value, then variable would be a text data type automatically.

End of the Line

Lines of codes in M continues if you don’t put the end of the line character.

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI

 DATA VISUALIZATION

Function Call
M is a functional language, and for doing almost everything you need to call a function for
it. functions can be easily called with name of the function and specifying parameters for
it.

screenshot above uses Date.Year function which fetch year part of a date. Functions
names starts always with capital letters: Date.Year()

Comments
like any programming language, you can put some comments in your code. it can be in
two forms;

Single line commentary with double slash (//)

Multi line commentary between slash and starts (/* comments */)

RAKSHITA GOUD,BCA DEPT,KLE COLLEGE NAGARBHAVI