MODULE 3 D.

The Lord’s day therefore is truly a little Easter

The Liturgical Year Feast, the kernel of the whole liturgical year (SC
106).
What do we mean by Liturgical Year? e. The Christmas cycle (weeks 1-7) and the Easter
Cycle (weeks 14-27). Christmas cycle is composed
 “In the course of the year, holy mother of Advent and Christmas seasons.
Church unfolds the mystery of Christ from f. The remaining weeks of the church year is the so
the incarnation and nativity to the ascension, called ordinary time or time throughout the year.
to Pentecost and the expectation of the
blessed hope of the coming of the Lord”. (SC SCHEMA OF THE LITURGICAL CALENDAR
102). CHRISTMAS CYCLE
 In short, it includes the basic concept of the Advent : beginning of liturgical year
presence of Christ in the celebration of the First Sunday of Advent until December 24
Mass, Sacraments, the Word of God and the inclusive.
Divine Office. (SC 7). Feast Proper: Dec 25
Octave: Dec 26-Jan 1 inclusive
The Nicene Creed Rest of the Christmas season: Jan 2 until Baptism
Council of Nicea of the Lord.
325 Ordinary Time
Part 1: Monday after the Baptism of the Lord
Introduction until Tuesday before Ash Wednesday inclusive
The whole year liturgical celebrations have
evolved from a weekly celebration of the Lord’s Easter Cycle
Passion and Resurrection on Sundays. Lent: Ash Wednesday until Holy Thursday Chrism
Hence, the liturgical year developed in a living Mass inclusive
process over the centuries Paschal Triduum: Holy Thursday (Last Supper
Mass) until Easter Sunday inclusive
Two types of cycle
 THE TEMPORAL CYCLE (watch the word; Easter Season
Tempo, Time, Season). Thus we hear or Octave: Easter Sunday to Second Sunday of
word: PROPER OF SEASON from the Breviary. Easter
The rest of the Easter Season: Monday after
 THE SANCTORAL CYCLE (word:Sanctus- Second Sunday of Easter until Pentecost inclusive
Saint). Throughout the liturgical year, we
honor the memory of Holy men and women Ordinary Time
of faith. Thus, we hear or read: PROPER OF Part 2: Monday after Pentecost until Saturday
SAINTS before First Sunday of Advent.

ACOLPEO
A-dvent
C-hristmas
O-rdinary time, Part 1
L-ent
P-aschal Triduum
E-aster
O-rdinary Time, Part 2

The different seasons have evolved through

history in various forms. Hence, it is not that easy
to place them in order. The indicated time in the
scheme should be accepted with great caution

A. 52 weeks are situated around and centered in Liturgical Year is an annual celebration in our
the Paschal mystery of Christ church. It plays a special in our adoration, rituals
B.Cross (death) and Easter Candle (resurrection) and worship. This is to show reverence and
symbolize the Paschal mystery. commemoration to the Ark of the New Covenant,
C.The Alpha and Omega, the first and last in the which is Jesus. “ (Prof. Alipao, 2020).
Greek alphabet signify Christ as the beginning and
end of everything.
MODULE 3 Nota Bene: It is the task of the Bishop’s Conference
Various Values of Liturgical Days or Liturgists of respective jurisdiction to adjust the
calendar to respond to the local needs.
What do we mean by values?
Throughout the centuries, the church developed
various systems to classify the individual feasts to
express their importance and priority.
Sunday is the original feast day and weekly
commemoration of the Resurrection of the Lord
going back to the apostolic times.
Thus, it is a day of special importance and can be
replaced only by solemnities or feasts of the Lord.

Solemnity is a feast of greatest importance and can

have as its content a mystery of the Lord or a saint.
It begins not only midnight but on the evening of the
preceding day to allow a good spiritual preparation
and to set the mood of festivity.
Several solemnities have their own special Vigil Mass
that may be celebrated on the eve before.
There are 10 fixed solemnities and 4 movable
solemnities according to the Roman Calendar whose
dates do not change
January 1- Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God
2- Epiphany
March 19- St. Joseph
25-Annunciation
June 24-St. John the Baptist
29-Sts. Peter and Paul Weekdays of Ferial Days- have different values.
August 25-Assumption of Mary Ash Wednesday and Monday to Wednesday of the
November 1-All Saints Holy Week are on the greatest importance and take
December 8-Immaculate Conception precedence over all celebrations.
25-Christmas The weekdays of Advent from December 17 to 24
Movable Feasts- Holy Trinity inclusive, the days within the Octave of Christmas.
Corpus Christi
Sacred Heart of Jesus We believe that God is a God of love who reached
Christ the King out to us and became one of us, except SIN. Hence,
Note: Solemnities with special vigil masses are every time we are reminded by this love of God for
Christmas, Pentecost, John the Baptist, Peter & Paul, us, it brings us to Christian celebrations and feasts.
and Assumption
A Christian feast has three aspects:
Feasts are commemorative celebrations of an event An acknowledgment of the loving deed of God
of the Life of Christ or of a saint that is of special The response to it from the part of man
importance. The community dimension of the feast
Movable feasts are also distinguished whose dates
are not fixed but differ from year to year and 23 fixed The celebration of the feast in the full sense is not
feasts, among them the 12 apostles. individualistic but communitarian

Memorial is a simple remembrance of a saint, and The religious community aspects:

whenever possible it is celebrated on his/her birthday Praise and thanksgiving
to eternal life or on the day of his/her death. Handling on the love of God to others

There are two kinds of memorials: Conclusion:

Obligatory Memorial- commemorative celebration of Christian feasts do not take their origin from a human
a saint of universal importance and should therefore effort or even from the desire to get a favor from
be celebrated in the church throughout the world (63 God, but it is the recognition that God loved us first.
memorials). Ultimately, God is the one inviting us to celebrate. In
Optional of Facultative Memorial- is a this way, a feast is considered as kind of prophetic
commemoration of a saint whose observance is left warning not to forget the great deeds of God amidst
to the discretion of the individual (95 memorials). the worries of daily life.
Some Guidelines on the Right Veneration of Saints specified places to commemorate the life and
in our celebrations of their feasts activities of Jesus.
The Church-Building
Saints are signs of the power of the grace of God  It is also known as house-church (domus
and proclaim the wonderful works of Christ. When Ecclesia) or house of the Church (domus
the church celebrates feasts of the saints, she never Ecclesiae).
prays to the saints but address always to God who  History & tradition church buildings were
manifests Himself in them (Theocentric and houses of Christians who donated them for the
Christocentric Dimension). liturgical use of the Christian community for
their worship towards the Christian God.
Note: Saints did not intend to attract people to  The church-building as the house church was
themselves, but to bring people to God. primarily for the celebration of the Eucharist.

Saints are great example and continuous challenge  Church building is a symbol or image of the
for us. Their examples and life-witnessing of the Church community, the Ekklesia whom God
Saints in their heroic ways of successfully reaching at “assembled out of darkness into his marvelous
least some aspects of Christian perfection in spite of light” (Dwelling Place of God, LG 6).
their sins and weaknesses invite us to imitate them d. Conclusions:
and not to copy them.  Church building needs to evoke the original
understanding of the building as house-church
c. Mary has a special place of love and veneration or house of the Church. The church should not
among all Saints. Mary is the greatest among all appear as an office, business, or factory building
Saints because of her unique and outstanding calling or recreational center.
to be the Mother of God. Mary is worthy of special  Need to design the interior of the church
veneration not only because of her particular position primarily for the celebration of the Eucharist.
in the history of salvation, but also because she
cooperated in the most perfect way with the plan of The Baptistery
God . A place for baptism; it represents the two basic
sacraments of the Church: Eucharist and baptism
(blood and water of Christ).
MODULE 3  Originally the baptistery was a separate building
Topic 2: Liturgical Places and Things that contained a pool of flowing water. The
building was often octagonal in shape, to evoke
What do we mean by places? Or things? the eighth day whereby Sunday was also called
The Incarnation of Jesus and Space to signify resurrection, immortality and
This describes when God became man he made his eternity.
home among us; his life and activities were  Baptistery was incorporated into the Church
circumscribed in spaces: building. The pool became a font for baptism by
infusion.
 Early Life of Jesus- He was born in the town of  The church building—nave and sanctuary—is
Bethlehem; he was laid in a manger (Mt. 2:1). for the Eucharist.
 The Missionary Activity of Jesus- He preached,
forgave sinners, defended the oppressed, . Christian Cemeteries
healed the sick and raised the dead into life,  The final resting place of Christians always
etc. received much attention from the Church.
 Final Days of Jesus- He celebrated the last  It reminds us of the holy sepulcher where Christ
supper in the cenacle and prayed in the garden lay for three days.
of Gethsemane; He was crucified on the hill of Christians regard death as a form of sleep or eternal
Calvary (cf. Mt. 27:46; Jn. 19:31). rest; hence, the final resting place has been called
koimeterion, a Greek word means cleeping chamber.
Conclusions: In Rome it was the normal practice to bury the dead
A. God occupies every space; he is present in the catacombs or underground cemeteries.
everywhere. Tombs would face the East, this is to signified faith in
B. Jesus lived and walked among us in this world. the resurrection. Christ will come back from the East
C. Architects for Liturgy (Mystery of Incarnation). in the last day to raise the dead to life.

Liturgy and Use of Space In designing cemetery chapels and memorial chapels
the following theological points are helpful:
Liturgical Celebrations extend in time and place what Christian death is restful sleep; it creates the
Jesus did in Palestine twenty centuries ago. Just as he impression of peace and quiet.
preached, healed, suffered, died and rose again at Christians believe and hope in the resurrection of
given places, so the Christian community gathers in the dead on the last day; hence, cemetery chapels
should contain symbols reminding us of our faith.
Conclusion:
The mystery of incarnation is the basis for the The Arrangement of a Church for the Liturgy
theology of liturgical space. GIRM 257: “The General plan of the sacred edifice
The incarnate Word entered into the human space should be such that in some way it conveys the image
and made it the locus, the place of his saving work. of the gathered assembly.”
Liturgical space recalls and makes present what Christ  The gathered assembly is composed of the
did for us when he came into our world congregation led by priest and ministers.
 GIRM 257 explains that “even though these
MODULE 5 elements must express a hierarchical
Topic 1:Norms on Liturgical Space arrangement and the diversity of offices, they
should at the same time form and complete
Churches are Places of Worship and organic unity, clearly expressive of the
SC 124: “When churches are to be built, let great care unity of the entire holy people.”
be taken that are well suited to celebrating liturgical . Sanctuary
services.” GIRM 258: “the sanctuary should be clearly marked
off from the body of the church by being elevated or
 Churches are primarily for celebrations; the by its distinctive design and appointments.”
Holy Mass in the first place, the sacraments
(baptism, marriage, ordinations) and blessings Sanctuary is the place for the presider and the
(funeral, religious professions). ministers where they carry out their role.
 Suitability means that the space can Altar, lectern, the chair of the presider and the
accommodate the ministers, the assembly and ministers.
the various requirements of liturgical
celebrations, namely: visibility, acoustics, GIRM 259-61: The altar, which is also the table of the
movements, furnishings. Lord’s Supper, may be fixed or movable.

. Churches are for Active Participation Lectern or ambo is the place for proclamation of the
SC 124: “When churches are to be built, let great care word.
be taken that are well suited…to bringing about the
active participation of the faithful.” . Chair for the priest presider “ought to stand as a
 The fundamental principle of the liturgical symbol of his office of presiding over the assembly
reform of the Vatican II is active participation and directing the prayer.
which consists in listening to the readings and
homily, in the prayers, in singing and 6. Nave or the places for the faithful should be
responding, in making bodily gestures arranged with care so that the people are able to
(kneeling, standing, sitting, processing), in take their rightful part in the celebration visually and
observing moments of silence. mentally.” (GIRM 273).
 The appropriate places are: the nave for the
assembly, the sanctuary for the ministers, and a 7. The Choir and Musical Instruments or place for
place for the choir to lead the assembly in song. the schola cantorum should be located in such way
 Churches should be functional for liturgical that the members are shown to be part of the
celebrations. assembly of the faithful.

The Dignity and Beauty of Churches The Place of the Eucharistic Table
SC 124: “In encouraging and favoring art that is truly The place of the Eucharistic food in the church; it
sacred, Ordinaries (bishops) should strive after noble should be only one and has a solid and absolutely
beauty rather than mere sumptuous display.” secure.
 Beauty implies harmony and proportion of
parts, whether they are architectonic or Chasuble, Alb and Stole
decorative. Nobility is often marked by The chasuble is seen to represent the charity of Christ
simplicity. which “covers all things”.
 Noble beauty is meant to focus the attention of It is a symbol of authority of Christ and the Church in
the assembly on the liturgical action, rather general.
than on the individual components of the
building. b. Amice
 SC 123 recognizes the contribution of Hygienic and practical value when priests share the
contemporary arts coming from every race and same albs.
region to the beauty and suitability of places of
worship. c. Cincture
 It is also important to take into consideration It is a narrow girdle to fasten the alb
the social and economic conditions obtaining
the community. d. Dalmatic
Wore by deacons of the Church where stoles are
placed on the left side of their shoulder.
Pallium m. Monstrance/Ostensorium
Worn only at Eucharistic celebrations of great Designed like a sun with rays where the big host is
solmenity. being placed

f. Cope n. Communion Plate

Semi-circular mantle reaching the feet. Where the Eucharist is minsitered by intinctionto
avoid the precious blood fall.
g. Humeral Veil
Worn over shoulders when carrying the Eucharist in o. Pall
procession and when giving Benediction. Made of starched linen or fabric stretched over a
card or wood
h. Miter
Traditional hat and a mark of liturgical presidency p. Purificator/Purifier
Cloth functions as liturgical napkins; used to wip the
i. Skull Cap (Zuchetto) lid of the chalice
Pope uses white while bishops use the crimson red
q. Corporal
j. Surplice (cotta) Related to the term “body” an additional altar cloth
Used by choir at Mass
r. Towel
Washing of the hands at Mass should be practical
9. Sacred Vessels and Altar Linens
Chalice/Paten s. Altar Cloth
Suitable cup a convenient node and a very stable It is a mantle placed on the altar
base.
t. Antependium
b. Cruets A decorative and protective veil hanging in front of
Water and wine the altar covering.

c. Ewer u. Vessels for the Holy Oils

Pitcher or jug or basin for water It is a place where reserve oils in the Church are kept
for official purposes
d. Holy Watere. Bell
It enhances and accentuates the solemn moments of
the sacred action
.
f. Thurible/Incense boat and censer
Hanging four chains, the lid raised by the central
chain and secured by a ring.

g. Pastoral Staff/Crossier/Crozier
A symbol of pastoral office of a bishop/s.

h. Tabernacle (with veil & lamp)

It is the living heart of each of our churches (Pope
Paul VI).

Ciborium
To reserve the Eucharistic bread for the sick and the
dying (just like the pyx).

j. Pyx
Holds the Eucharistic bread for reservation
(sick/dying).

. Custodia
It is metal case where benediction host is place in it.

l. Lunette
It is something like a watchcase