Exa Adyn20 31jan21 v1

‫ליטית‬‫מיקה א‬‫די‬ ‫ולוגי לישראל‬‫ י ו ן – מכון טכ‬ ‫ה ט כ‬
‫סמסטר חורף תשפ"א‬ ‫ות‬‫דסת מכו‬‫הפקולטה לה‬
Analytical Dynamics – Exam A

The duration is 3 hours. The exam is 'open book'. Good Luck.
I (30%)
Consider a relief-valve mechanism in Figure 1 which is used to protect a pneumatic system from
overpressure. The mechanism consists of a helical Ball Valve (with mass m) that is pressed by a uniform
helical spring against an O-Ring Seat (or Valve Seat) which has nonlinear elastic stiffness properties (KS).
The helical Spring can be described as a longitudinal rod of length L, mass M (M=ρAL) and stiffness
constant K (K=EA/L). The rod displacement is u(x,t). The nonlinear hyperelastic force of the O-Ring is
restoring and includes both linear and cubic terms [αu(L,t)+βu3(L,t)]. In addition to the forces exerted by the
Spring and Seat, the Ball is subjected to a pressure where it comes to contact with the fluid. The pressure
force has a static component (S), and a harmonically varying dynamic component [Fcos(Ωt)].
1. Formulate the kinetic and potential energy densities (0<x<L) for the longitudinal rod (e.g. Valve Spring)
and derive the total Lagrangian including both the energy densities of the rod and the energies of the
localized (x=L) Ball Valve (x=L).
2. Formulate the virtual work done by the nonconservative pressure force acting on the Ball Valve, and
formulate the virtual work done by a linear viscous damping force distributed along the length of the
longitudinal rod (with damping constant D).
Figure 1. The relief-valve mechanism (left) and definition sketch (right).
II (30%)
Consider a coupled parametrically excited damped nonlinear two-degree-of-freedom dynamical system
described by the following non-dimensional equations of motion:
xττ + α x 2 xτ + γ cos(Ωτ ) x + κ x 3 + 2η xy = 0
yττ + β yτ + η x 2 = 0
Where the parameters α , β , γ ,η , κ , Ω are constants.
1. Formulate the Hamiltonian of the conservative sub-system ( α = β = 0 ), and derive the corresponding
Hamilton’s equations for the dynamical system.
1
‫ליטית‬‫מיקה א‬‫די‬ ‫ולוגי לישראל‬‫ י ו ן – מכון טכ‬ ‫ה ט כ‬
‫סמסטר חורף תשפ"א‬ ‫ות‬‫דסת מכו‬‫הפקולטה לה‬
2. Can the generalized forces in the non-conservative Hamiltonian system be determined form a gradient
function (or Rayleigh dissipation function)? If so, formulate the gradient function. If not – justify your answer.
3. Determine stability of the zero-equilibrium fixed point of the decoupled system (η = 0 ). Consider both the
unforced ( γ = 0 ) case, and the parametrically excited case ( γ > 0 ). Comment on the properties
of the equilibrium stability (e.g. local vs. global, asymptotic vs. uniform) and what are the
possible solutions beyond the stability threshold (e.g. divergence, periodic).
III (40%)
Consider the following weakly nonlinear harmonically excited Rayleigh oscillator:
qττ + ωn2 q = ε γ cos(Ωτ ) − (α + β qτ2 )qτ 
Where ε is a small parameter, and the parameters ωn , α , β , γ , Ω are constants.
1. Using the method of multiple scales derive the slowly-varying complex evolution equation for the
harmonically excited Rayleigh oscillator. Note your assumptions clearly.
2. Formulate the slowly-varying amplitude and phase equations and determine the approximate solution form
and note its order of accuracy.
3. Determine the frequency-response (or amplitude detuning relation) for the case of α > 0, β > 0 . Comment
on possible coexistence of slowly-varying amplitudes, their periodicity, and orbital stability.
Sketch the form of the frequency-response curve.
4. Determine the frequency-response (or amplitude detuning relation) for the case of α < 0, β > 0 . Comment
of possible coexisting solutions, their periodicity, and orbital stability.
Sketch the form of the frequency-response curve.

Exa Adyn20 31jan21 v1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Exa Adyn20 31jan21 v1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Exa Adyn20 31jan21 v1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

‫ליטית‬‫מיקה א‬‫די‬ ‫ולוגי לישראל‬‫ י ו ן – מכון טכ‬ ‫ה ט כ‬

‫סמסטר חורף תשפ"א‬ ‫ות‬‫דסת מכו‬‫הפקולטה לה‬

Analytical Dynamics – Exam A

Figure 1. The relief-valve mechanism (left) and definition sketch (right).

qττ + ωn2 q = ε γ cos(Ωτ ) − (α + β qτ2 )qτ 

Where ε is a small parameter, and the parameters ωn , α , β , γ , Ω are constants.

You might also like