Ionic Equilbrium

SAITS
strong electrolyte
Ionic Equilibrium SA T SB Salt
Equilibrium established between dissociated HCL NaOH NaCL
All 4
types
part and undissociated part is known as

ION C EQUILBRIUM.
SA t WB OF salt are

HCL NHOH NHyCL strong

Ht
CHECOOH CHyC00 --
WA t SB Electrolyte
undissociated dissociated
CHE COOH NaOH CH 200Na
WA + WB
Classification substances
of
CH COONH4
CH 2OOH NH48H
ions.
1) Electrolyte:Whichdissociate into
component
HCL HT + 11- 2) Weak
Electrolytes
2) Non Electrolyte: whichdoes not dissociate into Negligibly ionised dissociated
componentions.
degree ofdissociation() x1

H20
Weak Acid
x HF, CH,COOH, HCOOH, YY-COOH
NH, CONH, 2S3 NHy CONHy (aq.) Formic ~ Benzoic acid
Acetic find
Acid
ORGANIC ACIDS
Classifications Electrolytes
of
Weak Base NHOH, R-NHe, NH3
strong Electrolytes (100%ioniseddissociated)
-

)
No Eg" is established 4 = 1 Theories Related To Acid-Base

Strong Acid
x HCL, HBr, HI, HySOy, HNO, HCIOy Archenius Acid:
Atyou water.
Strong Base
x
NaOH KOH
Calottle Any substance which
give in
HCl H+ + Cl- Monobasic Acid

HysOn 2 H+
sOp-
+
Dibasic Acid

POy3 Tribasic Acid

HyPOy 3HT +
-
Awht..t..&s Qo.c. : ltwts cLI - Sue, lhtoo/
R i,- '""-''4"" wh;c.h ,-r�� OH- &,,. t',, w1.tt:r. I.tu,� A,rcts : whida 0tcy&- po.t-r of i­
�ae11 NA.. � otr �o"ol,as�r. S.,t, lt.,is Buu : wh:ch Jonatc, ,_,., of i-
-t
l'o{8H)i_ � c. ➔ Rot·(J.
◄ �

r
Dt�dre, Base.
H--NO
t
> D 1-F )
1 f
H-N ➔8-F
Lrnttta.iLOMS of Anht11?u.s 11,u�: I I I '
9 Lfmrttd to G.\IALOIU SoW,fon H F H F
'-) Ca,u,o� t*l,Qrn e.ctd.s aid base.� u,Ctheut H 1 lc.w•s jaJc. lc.lAICs 4,t.,
G1td OH- fons
:r,-�u of lt1,11•-' &Je,
&ro�t&d - l•..»"t 11,t.o'l'lj--' •) Nt.u.tYal Moltttd.u c,,"1, o.tltast- lllt ton, ,.,,,,.
Ac.fd.s : 1-rt donO'r$ H£ o: I Ntt, , R-tJHJ. I l-�-H
Sosu : tt ,. •cc.t�b-r.s

UMJIL�tt Atrd - &se, Poaf1'

,,.r-., h•"'"t dtffclVIC.6 of 011(. lt'' &dtl ,
s_A___,) H� T1t,u of ltwis 9ctd
[;] -,. ca- •) MoLuad.u t,, whtd, nu,t...al atD ewa has
UnJ"r"' &re­ tMLIM�k.Q, Cl Ott'f.t.
WuK Saic. ALU3 1,-ca
tr..tt&tr,"� I
c,
t c ...... r t� «m, 11Gt""' ot-1 A•� , 11F3 I t.b:
t) b- bl,,K CA�i.n1
Note: Fe -tJ. ( u.-tr-
_. If 4CC.� � wtaK ti.M th CMJ"-F' /»c1, ➔
1.. c.o l,l;t'f tlltJ f d-ort:toL
t1 �hOMr and "4LCt -�t1'.S4.

► @niteshdevnanichemistry ·�· Nitesh Devnani � @niteshdevnani194

" a.du ill whr t-t"ol. a.toM �
tr J ort,ttal.&.
gr�,.

L r'"t'ttltions
9 'It iA�lJ � Gts;r ftYc� of-adJs 011J ....
Poh Sc.It
� Acc.o.,.J�J' -t:o �:., tht.0"), �-brace. 'ltAtlLln J)� Cl$ Wl��ve, lo?"f-u,_. (a,.,,. lo) of OH­
lhowd bi 11Cc.o•J,ott:id 7 fot"1MGli0n 'f J.�iV& '"" COMU,rtt'TA �en •
Bond.

Watt-r Cs A ve.-, wto.k eJ.u.tnlJR, PKUJ = -wJ10 t,,a

Hz.O � tt-t -t- e H-
I kw= [HtJ [Ott-J
-- -------�-_ klat1't" I
'Jenic. faclwd· of Pr., = - ' Ki,

At 211 K, rH•") = lo�t = ro H·]

'/at,d 11t 248 IC
rH"' J ) OH· J Acrclrc.
rtt-+J =- r;...- J Net.it•
At a.11 K ..,J-::- 10-'I-
tH"' 1 < rotrJ Q,u� H-:.. -lo to-� = -tl-

E' 4," co,.st11,.t de els e11l:r � o"Lt t,r, Tewit,e-r4t1111. 'It t•a�
" Ffftc.t e o PH =-1- Nau.t-Ya.l
,+ � "-, > ·: dwo,iatt,,. •f �o + . l'H<.:J­ fta-J(c:.
PH>r &utc.
-� niteshdevnanichemistry
_.,_,
I ► @niteshdevnanichemistry I �
@ niteshdevnanil94
 • foY' v,,,_, dilute. colutr,n, UJtlk d.tttff,rC, $tut
Lthav,11,-, as d·"'"J d,ttnl,.tr..

• On !fl&J,111 , defl'"-� of- dissoctctlion t

I-IA
Ten�ra.lf,,, "f Weal( Bast.
""
SOH � 8 -t-OK-
K 1, = ra t J r, ..-1 = '"-,.
"· :.
r11-t] {"A .. ] Tenrso.li,n CDN&t,u,t- of r-so1-11 1-,c
rHllJ '-'&.QI(. Acid

fO'Y f,..
::=.,
H-t
I-IA
-lcr• C. -
f;
� C-C.C
� = C�
'-

1 -.c. ·� 211l
f«n' u,ectl( at&ctnl,_t'e. , r1' �4: c:1
I -,C !:f I .'. l<a, := C.C '-
Pel11,u,c A,tds f!',ac:Ate Ba.cu
[H'Jsj
ond
1" � J�- I I .. "' I '" •i ( ,.. - •-a-•)
L__, 111Hth nltaus me-. than llnt H" l'tn
Ostu,o.ld � Jtlu.l-ior, l.o.co
J"" of- tont'sAtion (,<) vt-.rdt ,-m�oneL
an 11et ot__ o 1,-, pn�tnt-ionat
s1,-.a"'- '700 o

-� niteshdevnanichemistry
_.,_,
I ► @niteshdevnanichemistry I @ niteshdevnanil94
�
 Padon 11ffu.l:int 0tfdtc. &tJ'"Jth t>11 of
\J,:,'t t)tl....R, st-�ont Acf!
tt CL ➔ 11-t- -t u;
f!'l'tntth Of H-X bond :-
C. C. C.
�-= i. I-I-Cl i.. h-8.Y '- H-I
P,la-r:•,- "� tt-J lonJ : -
CH� NH., H,.,o HF
.,r• ,- t
d,, She
- ---------- ------+ J,luf:ll,, E"\ufUwfo- :t
"J �.,;;- �
1 Soluelc.
£r=:-=-=- �-•'-
��
fo, t.f AJtl, A)h-, AfI, &.so,, , P,so�
tMn ion �fftd:- n1u Cs) � Af' C°'i,) -t cc.- C,,J
Heak flic.t10l,-te. (D tH_ac.oeH � c�co•- -1- " "'
L<s, = rta-tJ ["CL·J
Stn'l' Elutnt,ti © C�Cl•M• > u,.,cor -t Mai

Co.,.111,n 'Ion �tla.!Lonsht� 6ttwu� Solu.llttt- Dflcl Ksp

ru�te.-J t ---, d11e. u. lt- C�atl�,- p-rin,t�lt., ti" t. 3•s i11 ;,,
Att a) b) , :!- s. A -ttCcat,) -t- ,- g-1' (.,.,)
Batk1&1t.ird atHdun: de.,...a of- dL�lettaJton of- uJUk �a I
1 lut10,t1. clu..usr,.
�t,tt.ssten Cn dts so,t"��on e� w&ot de.c.t.,-o�e; t: fZ\, I - � &S
� o.Jd:t• af a. ih-o11a--_ e,kc.t.,-al� ha"tnt o. K,p =- x" :,.t- s ?&➔ �
ce...an Cen t.s cAJLc.d C.01M1Dn f.t1 eft�
Ass lMf-liLott s
•Co-.MOM Ton ts takul e.tl fw &-b-ora,, tl.u.t,..oltt'c,
:,,
• Dt5$ot.Cwn of wuK tlutYo',t"e.. ,., a.lwa.ost- TP > Kgp
ne-t"a-�k.. � Ienlc. f'ntd 11ct-
ef Ker ➔ Miff, ts solM)t lilt
f>Jt of "'"'I' t)tlMtt, st-Tont
f1 Cl ➔ l-\-t" -t Cl"
Acfl ltu r"cuflto,. �
C. C. t
LAtc. re.cq,tt-atten
l\_0 � tt• ➔ �H-
11·f 1o•'J-
Tftal. C"tt•J =- c. -t 10"
 U•""" Ton Eff cct" on Solu.l»tl� Tff"5 of Lfft" Solution : -
CD l)tl(s) � A3-ts Ccut,) ;- ci- (�)
•) Stwa.)>le- &lfft'>'
() Ht l � ff� T CL
Le=:�=�
eo,..,..o" To,. tJ. S-1.t- o! wu.l octd and 1a>&ak basa.
( � (t\c.elft} C 11",0H)

(Cl-J 1' � n.n (D 11tll t11011. '" 81> a.) Mt1ttd l1Afft1' ( 1, """"°"'"t�)
� Solub,� dacirusc. t} ActA ic. 811.ff'T
,c J)uc. ... tOWNWlln :Ion : Sot..t1,n:,, JcC"r'Ule, • Sol...�ion tent"o.i11C"J' uat.al oJd a.ad th s..at c.1itlt
t1orc, tbc. COMfllOn 'I,n : ltss&-r :S tol1.&bf(�
'I

"5 p = cs) (s +t)

31"TOrlj bclse.
.
s= ksp If. C�COOH -t- C'!sCOONa

He"° -lo i:dt11l-q,-. AJJic. Bu.fr"' :

L

&lfft-t sol11.ti"t1 •) Sol11lio11 to-.tar.. ,..,_., l&Jc.a k �t� onl l¼s .U­
.fl �&an Cllltose rh dou 11ot cha"r on aclJ:ir,n wf U. 8Wlht bu, .
of- s-.tl GMOllltt et ..,rd • bate. OT on dtlutL°oP " L) Sol.J-ten ef t.Jea.K octl a•d Blw>•t base.
k110U11 GS 811Jft'f salra Hon whm. st-Y,nt b,1, t, tt.ttin� -re.a,e.11t'.
�ctdK- &.&ffc�• .---=====

PH = f,c. -t t_,,, [A11:on of alt)

C-Aucl1

Bw.fJt.Y Ac.tfon
ir) BGJ� a1tJft'Y
So�iat1 C&tntC1Lutf11t la1tctK 6aS£ anl tts sott-
�dto" •t bu.ffc..,. 1al....tt'on on tkld, l-ion of- SMa.ll. w1,ll, �rtona, 0tid-
G.1M11t" of- a.ctd O't lxis" "'f
wh:d, tt nswt' tt,� t7, NH 't Otl + Nt1,cL
c.barr,. tn rh W8 � Salt- IAILtl, ,..,,, oc.id

-� niteshdevnanichemistry I ► @niteshdevnanichemistry I � niteshdevnanil94

 1) !olu.uon eo11t.r..,n,-, kltaK ate� BIid tb fall:""
C� coo Na + �o � C.�cooH -t- N-.otl
• �nfonl'c Hrf�oC,.Su
ta1tth Sh-eht ocld.
• Sowt-- b&c:.eMU ,..src.
"' • Ntf'lctf -r "ltl'ftL

9 �lutlen of W&ak aw.A S-IYc,nt �cid

Aase, MJhtTe.
Chon,-. ,Jcl ts Lt,.t-ha.it �uat. H'f',ro�ts ef .sa.lL- � M&AK Atfd 011cl IJuk 8o.sc.
t3. NH 'f OH -t HtL C� UONH 't + tj_O � C�C.OOH -e- �ff.,Oti
• Ca.Ko11Cc. owd 4wton,e. H,-J"''1s•s
Pett = + lo" rc..�,n ;- JAl� J = ku,
J
,l<a, h � l<c.o
Kt,
rs...&l -- !Ca ,t K� IC'. Jt �

• � ). t. � 'ka <. F,cJt

• ko <. Ka. � 'ta > 'I<•
• K,.�k._ � 'ec. = ,k_. C

fJrl'>'ol't' � ucl ol'\d .f-b•n,-. Basa-

8�t
Natl + � O � HCL + 9'1a.OH
Ntt., c� t �o � HCC. + �H.. Ot-1
�

• udto11 {, 1-i;,d ,,,, t,. s Cs ➔ No k;pl'l"ol�t's

• $olc.. U",n �c• MU o.Lfcl w:. ➔ Nc.u.h--o.L soldton
� -=-R41 K , PH-·_,.._
_J ___