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    Electrokeychang

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    shee34461
    This document provides examples of balancing redox reactions and solving electrochemistry problems. It gives the key steps to balance redox equations, determine oxidation and reduction, identify the strongest oxidizing and reducing agents, calculate standard cell potentials, and solve for amounts of substance deposited through electrolysis.

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    Electrokeychang

    Uploaded by

    shee34461
    14 views3 pages
    This document provides examples of balancing redox reactions and solving electrochemistry problems. It gives the key steps to balance redox equations, determine oxidation and reduction, identify the strongest oxidizing and reducing agents, calculate standard cell potentials, and solve for amounts of substance deposited through electrolysis.

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    electrokeychang

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    This document provides examples of balancing redox reactions and solving electrochemistry problems. It gives the key steps to balance redox equations, determine oxidation and reduction, identify the strongest oxidizing and reducing agents, calculate standard cell potentials, and solve for amounts of substance deposited through electrolysis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views3 pages

    Electrokeychang

    Uploaded by

    shee34461
    This document provides examples of balancing redox reactions and solving electrochemistry problems. It gives the key steps to balance redox equations, determine oxidation and reduction, identify the strongest oxidizing and reducing agents, calculate standard cell potentials, and solve for amounts of substance deposited through electrolysis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    BALANCING REDOX REACTIONS KEY

    Balance the following redox reactions:


    A. MnO −4 (aq) + Cl-(aq) → Mn2+(aq) + Cl2(g) (acid solution)

    2(5e- + MnO −4 + 8H+ → Mn2+ + 4H2O)

    5(2Cl- → Cl2 + 2e-)


    2MnO −4 + 16H+ + 10Cl- → 5Cl2 + 2Mn2+ + 8H2O

    B. Fe(OH)2(s) + CrO 24− (aq) → Fe2O3(s) + Cr(OH) −4 (aq ) (basic solution)

    3(2Fe(OH)2 → Fe2O3 + H2O + 2H+ + 2e-)


    2(3e- + CrO 24− + 4H+→ Cr(OH) −4 )

    6Fe(OH)2 + 2CrO 24− + 2H+ → 3Fe2O3 + 3H2O + 2Cr(OH) −4

    add 2OH-: 6Fe(OH)2 + 2CrO 24− + 2H2O → 3Fe2O3 + 3H2O + 2Cr(OH) −4 + 2OH-

    simplify: 6Fe(OH)2 + 2CrO 24− → 3Fe2O3 + H2O + 2Cr(OH) −4 + 2OH-

    C. Cr2O 72− (aq) + Br-(aq) → Cr3+(aq) + BrO 3− (aq) (acidic solution)

    6e- + Cr2O 72− + 14H+ → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O

    3H2O + Br- → BrO 3− + 6H+ + 6e-

    Cr2O 72− + 14H+ + 3H2O + Br- → 2Cr3+ + 7H2O + BrO 3− + 6H+

    simplify: Cr2O 72− + 8H+ + Br- → 2Cr3+ + 4H2O + BrO 3−

    D. H2O2(aq) + Cl2O7(aq) → ClO −2 (aq) + O2(g) (basic solution)

    8e- + 6H+ + Cl2O7 → 2ClO −2 + 3H2O

    4(H2O2 → O2 + 2H+ + 2e-)

    Cl2O7 + 4H2O2 → 2ClO −2 + 3H2O + 4O2 + 2H+

    add 2OH-: Cl2O7 + 4H2O2 + 2OH- → 2ClO −2 + 3H2O + 4O2 + 2H2O

    simplify: Cl2O7 + 4H2O2 + 2OH- → 2ClO −2 + 5H2O + 4O2

    Electrochem Problems key 1


    ELECTROCHEMISTRY PROBLEMS KEY
    1) a. Use Table 19.1 to determine which is the best oxidizing agent: Br2, I2, or H+? Br2
    reactant with most + reduction potential
    b. Use Table 19.1 to determine which is the best reducing agent: Zn, Ag, or Al? Al
    product with most – reduction potential (most + oxidation potential)
    Use the following information for questions 2 and 3
    Half-reaction E °red
    -
    Co2+(aq) + 2e → Co(s) -0.28 V
    -
    Mn2+(aq) + 2e → Mn(s) -1.18 V
    Cd2+(aq) + 2e- → Cd(s) -0.40 V
    2) Which of the following will react spontaneously?
    A. Cd with Mn2+ B. Co with Cd2+ C. Mn with Co D. Mn with Cd2+ E. Co with Mn2+
    *A, B, C have –Ecell; C has 2 solids and both are being oxidized; D has +Ecell
    3) Which substance is the weakest reducing agent?
    A. Co2+ B. Mn2+ C. Cd D. Mn E. Co
    4) A voltaic cell is constructed that uses the following reaction:
    Ni(s) + 2Ag+(aq) → Ni2+(aq) + 2Ag(s)
    a) Write the half reactions & indicate which is the anode and cathode.
    Ni(s) → Ni2+(aq) + 2e- Ox - Anode
    2Ag+(aq) + 2e- → 2Ag(s) Red - Cathode
    b) Use the reduction potentials provided in Table 19.1 to calculate E °cell :

    Ni2+(aq) + 2e- → Ni(s) E °red = -0.25 V ⇒ E °ox = +0.25 V


    Ag+(aq) + e- → Ag(s) E °red = +0.80 V

    E °cell = E °red + E °ox = 0.80 V + 0.25 V = 1.05 V

    c) Is this reaction spontaneous? Yes (+ emf, spontaneous rxn)


    5) A galvanic cell is constructed based on the following reactions:
    Zn2+ + 2e- → Zn E °red = -0.76 V
    Al3+ + 3e- → Al E °red = -1.66 V
    a) Write the overall balanced equation for the cell and calculate the cell emf under
    standard conditions.
    3(Zn2+ + 2e- → Zn) E °red = -0.76 V
    2(Al → Al3+ + 3e-) E °ox = +1.66 V

    3Zn2+ + 2Al → 3Zn + 2Al3+ E °cell = -0.76 V + 1.66 V = 0.90 V

    Electrochem Problems key 2


    b) Calculate ∆G° at 298 K.
     96500 J 
    ∆G = -nFE° = -(6 mol e-)   0.90 V = -5.2 x105 J or -520 kJ
     V ⋅ mol e − 
    c) What is the value of the equilibrium constant, K, for this reaction at 298 K?

    E° =
    0.0592
    log K; n = 6; log K =
    (0.90 )(6) = 91.2 K = 1.6 x 1091
    n 0.0592
    6) A cell utilizes the following reaction and operates at 298 K:
    2H+(aq) + Zn(s) → Zn2+(aq) + H2(g)
    a) What is the emf of this cell under standard conditions? (Look up E° values).
    Zn(s) → Zn2+(aq) + 2e- E °ox = -(-0.76 V)
    2e- + 2H+(aq) → H2(g) E °red = 0.00 V
    E °cell = 0.76 V

    b) What is the emf of this cell when [Zn2+] = 0.050 M, PH2 = 0.25 atm, and the pH = 4.00.

    0.0592 [ Zn 2 + ] PH 2
    E = E° - log Q n = 2; Q = ; [H+] = 1x10-4
    n [H + ]2
    0.0592 [ 0.050 ]( 0.25 )
    E = 0.76 V - log
    2 [ 1.0 x10 − 4 ] 2
    E = 0.76 - 0.0296(log1.25x106)
    E = 0.76 - 0.0296(+6.10) = 0.76 - 0.18 = 0.58 V
    7) How many grams of copper can be deposited from CuSO4 solution by the passage of 3.00
    A for 2.5 hrs?
    1 amp = C/s Cu+2 + 2e- → Cu
    C 3600 s 1 mol e − 1 mol Cu 63.6 g Cu
    3.00 x 2.5 hrs x × × × = 8.9 g Cu
    s 1 hr 96500 C 2 mol e − 1 mol Cu

    8) A current of 2.00 amps is passed through a solution of Pb(NO3)2 until 6.35 grams of Pb
    metal has been deposited. a) Calculate the number of coulombs that pass through this
    solution. b) How many seconds did the current flow?
    Pb+2 + 2e- → Pb
    molPb 2 mol e − 96500 C
    a) 6.35 g Pb × × × = 5920 C
    207.2 g 1 mol Pb 1 mol e −

    s
    b) 5920 C x = 2960 secs
    2.00 C

    (or use coulombs = ampxsecs; secs = coul/amp)

    Electrochem Problems key 3

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