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Mid Review Project Report

(Project Semester Jan-June 2024)

“FLEECA APP AND ERP”

Submitted in for the partial fulfilment of the degree

By

(Ishika Goyal)

Student Regn. No. 20BCRC059

Under the Guidance of

Faculty Internship Guide Industry Guide

Name: DR. MUQUADAAR ALI Name : Miss Nitisha Jain
Designation:ASS. PROFESSOR Designation: Quality Analyst

Department of Computer Science Engineering

JECRC UNIVERSITY, JAIPUR
June 2024

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The completion of this training work could have been possible with continued &dedicated
efforts & guidance of large number of faculty & staff members of the institute.
I acknowledge our gratitude to all of them. The acknowledgement however will be incomplete
without specific mention as follows I wish to acknowledge my deep gratitude to Miss Nitisha
Jain , Quality Analyst at Fleeca India for his cooperation and guidance. She provided staunch
support throughout this training and helped me to complete the training successfully.
Finally, I would like to say that I am indebted to my parents for everything that they have done
for me. All of this would have been impossible without their constant support. And I also thanks
to God for being kind to me and driving me through this journey.

Name: Ishika Goyal

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Abstract
Quality Assurance (QA) plays a pivotal role in software development by ensuring that products
meet high standards of quality, reliability, and user satisfaction. Traditional QA methodologies
rely heavily on manual testing, which can be time-consuming, error-prone, and resource-
intensive. To address these challenges, organizations increasingly turn to test automation tools
like Selenium. Selenium is an open-source test automation framework widely used for
automating web browser interactions. It provides a suite of tools and libraries that enable QA
professionals to create automated tests for web applications across different browsers,
platforms, and devices. Selenium's flexibility, extensibility, and robust capabilities make it a
preferred choice for automated testing in agile and DevOps environments. This abstract
explores the role of QA in software development and the significance of test automation with
Selenium. It highlights the benefits of Selenium in improving testing efficiency, enhancing test
coverage, and accelerating software delivery. By mastering Selenium, QA professionals can
streamline testing processes, increase productivity, and contribute to the overall success of
software development projects.

Table of Content
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Topic Page No.

Acknowledgment ……………………………………………………....2
Abstract …………………………………………………………………3
1.Introduction…………………………………………………………....5
1.1Objective…………………………………………………………..5
1.2Areas of Application………………………………………………5
1.3Eclipse……………………………………………………………..6
1.4 Selenium…………………………………………………………..7
2. Methodology…………………………………………………………..9
3. Problem definition ……………………………………………………11
3.1feasbility / analysis ……………………………………………….....12
3.2 Maven project………………………………………………………13
3.3 Data system Analysis………………………………………………..15
4. Discuss……………………………………………………………………..16
4.1project Description……………………………………………………….18
4.2Language used…………………………………………………………....19
4.3 Technology used…………………………………………………………20
4.4 Flecca ERP and APP……………………………………………………...21
5. Analysis and observation……………………………………………………..23
6. contributions………………………………………………………….……….25
7. Learning………………………………………………………………………...26
8. Conclusions and future scope………………………………………………,,…28
8.1 Future scope…………………………………………………………………....29
9. Reference………………………………………………………………………..30

1. Introduction

1.1 Objective
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A Quality Analyst (QA) is a professional responsible for ensuring that products and services meet the
established standards of quality. In various industries such as software development, manufacturing,
healthcare, and customer service, QA analysts play a critical role in identifying defects, errors, or
deviations from requirements. Here are some key aspects of the role:
Quality Assurance: QA analysts are involved in the entire product development lifecycle, from initial
requirements gathering to final product release. They develop and implement quality assurance
processes and procedures to ensure that products or services meet specified requirements and
standards.
Testing: A significant part of a QA analyst's role involves testing products or services to identify
defects or issues. This may include manual testing, automated testing, or a combination of both. They
create test plans, execute test cases, and report on test results to developers and stakeholders.
Defect Tracking and Resolution: When defects or issues are identified during testing, QA analysts
document them thoroughly in defect tracking systems. They work closely with developers to
understand the root cause of issues and ensure timely resolution.
Process Improvement: QA analysts continuously strive to improve quality assurance processes and
practices within their organizations. They may conduct audits, analyze data, and propose
improvements to enhance overall quality and efficiency

1.2 Areas of Application

Quality assurance principles and practices are applicable across various industries where the quality
of products or services is paramount. Here are some key areas of application for quality analysts:
Software Development: In software development, QA analysts are responsible for testing software
applications to ensure they meet quality standards and functional requirements. They conduct various
types of testing such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and user acceptance testing
to identify and address defects.
Manufacturing: Quality analysts in manufacturing industries ensure that products meet specified
quality standards and regulatory requirements. They may perform quality inspections, implement
quality control processes on the production line, and conduct root cause analysis to address any
quality issues.
Healthcare: In healthcare, QA analysts focus on ensuring patient safety and regulatory compliance.
They may be involved in quality assurance activities related to medical device manufacturing,
laboratory testing, clinical trials, and healthcare software systems.
Customer Service: Quality analysts in customer service organizations monitor and evaluate
customer interactions to ensure quality service delivery. They may listen to recorded calls, review
chat transcripts, and analyse customer feedback to identify areas for improvement and ensure
adherence to service standards.

1.3 Eclipse

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Eclipse is an open-source Integrated Development Environment (IDE) widely used for software
development across various programming languages, including Java, C/C++, Python, PHP, and
more. Here's an overview of Eclipse and its key features:
Modularity: Eclipse is built on a modular architecture, allowing developers to extend its functionality
through plugins. There is a vast ecosystem of plugins available for various purposes, including
language support, version control integration, build tools, and more.
Cross-Platform Compatibility: Eclipse is designed to run on multiple operating systems, including
Windows, macOS, and Linux, making it accessible to a wide range of developers.
Code Editing: Eclipse provides advanced code editing capabilities, including syntax highlighting,
code completion, refactoring, and quick fixes. It supports multiple programming languages and
provides features tailored to each language's requirements.
Debugging: Eclipse includes powerful debugging tools that enable developers to debug their
applications efficiently. It supports both local and remote debugging, allowing you to step through
code, inspect variables, set breakpoints, and analyze program behavior.
Project Management: Eclipse provides robust project management features, allowing developers to
organize their code into projects and workspaces effectively. It supports various project types,
including Java projects, web projects, and more.
Version Control Integration: Eclipse integrates with popular version control systems like Git, CVS,
and Subversion, enabling seamless collaboration and version management within development
teams. It provides features for committing changes, merging branches, viewing history, and resolving
conflicts.
Build Automation: Eclipse supports build automation through integration with build tools like Apache
Maven and Apache Ant. It allows developers to define build configurations, manage dependencies,
and execute builds directly from the IDE.
User Interface Customization: Eclipse offers extensive customization options, allowing users to
tailor the IDE's layout, themes, and preferences according to their preferences. It supports
customizing perspectives, views, and keyboard shortcuts for enhanced productivity.

1.4 Selenium
Selenium is an open-source automated testing framework primarily used for web applications. It
provides a suite of tools and libraries for automating interactions with web browsers, allowing testers
and developers to create automated tests to verify the functionality of web applications. Here's a brief
explanation of Selenium:

WebDriver: Selenium WebDriver is the core component of Selenium. It provides a programming

interface for automating web browser interactions, such as clicking buttons, filling forms, and
navigating through web pages. WebDriver supports multiple programming languages like Java,
Python, C#, and JavaScript.
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IDE (Integrated Development Environment): Selenium IDE is a browser extension that offers a
record-and-playback functionality for creating automated test scripts. Testers can record their
interactions with the browser and generate test scripts in various programming languages.
Grid: Selenium Grid enables parallel execution of test scripts across multiple browsers and platforms
simultaneously. It allows for distributed testing by connecting multiple remote WebDriver instances to
a central hub, facilitating efficient utilization of test infrastructure.
Supported Browsers and Platforms: Selenium supports testing on popular web browsers such as
Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari, and Opera. It can be used to test web applications on various
operating systems like Windows, macOS, Linux, and mobile platforms like Android and iOS.
Flexibility and Extensibility: Selenium is highly flexible and extensible, allowing testers to customize
and extend its functionality as needed. It supports integration with various testing frameworks, build
tools, and third-party libraries to enhance test automation capabilities.
Community Support: Selenium has a large and active community of developers, testers, and
contributors who provide support, share best practices, and contribute to the ongoing development of
the project. The community-driven nature of Selenium ensures continuous improvement, innovation,
and adoption of industry best practices in web automation testing.
In summary, Selenium is a powerful and versatile framework for automating web browser
interactions, enabling efficient and reliable testing of web applications across different browsers,
platforms, and environments.

Selenium is highly beneficial for Quality Assurance (QA) professionals in several ways:

Automated Testing: Selenium allows QA professionals to automate repetitive testing tasks, such as
regression testing, functional testing, and cross-browser testing. By automating these tasks, QA
teams can save time, reduce manual effort, and increase testing efficiency.
Improved Test Coverage: With Selenium, QA teams can create comprehensive test suites that
cover a wide range of test scenarios across different browsers, platforms, and devices. This leads to
improved test coverage and helps identify defects earlier in the development lifecycle.
Increased Test Consistency: Automated tests created with Selenium execute consistently every
time they are run, eliminating human errors and inconsistencies associated with manual testing. This
ensures reliable and repeatable test results, enhancing the overall quality of the software product.
Faster Feedback Loop: Selenium enables QA teams to run tests quickly and frequently, providing
rapid feedback on the quality of the application after each code change. This accelerated feedback
loop helps developers identify and address issues promptly, leading to faster delivery of high-quality
software.

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Regression Testing: Selenium is particularly useful for regression testing, where QA teams need to
verify that recent code changes have not introduced new defects or broken existing functionality.
Automated regression tests can be executed regularly to ensure the stability of the application over
time.
Cross-Browser Compatibility Testing: Selenium Grid allows QA teams to perform cross-browser
compatibility testing by executing tests across different web browsers and versions simultaneously.
This ensures that the application works consistently across various browser environments, enhancing
the user experience.
Integration with CI/CD Pipelines: Selenium integrates seamlessly with Continuous
Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines, enabling automated testing as part of the
software delivery process. This ensures that new code changes are thoroughly tested before being
deployed to production, reducing the risk of introducing defects.
Scalability and Reusability: Selenium supports the creation of scalable and reusable test
automation frameworks, allowing QA teams to modularize test scripts, share common components,
and maintain test suites efficiently. This promotes code reusability, reduces maintenance effort, and
enhances test script maintainability.
Cost Reduction: By automating testing tasks with Selenium, organizations can reduce the overall
cost of software testing by minimizing the need for manual testing efforts and increasing testing
efficiency.

2 .Methodology

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Choosing the right methodology is crucial for the success of any software project, including one
involving Selenium for QA purposes. Here's a breakdown of the methodology you might adopt for
your Selenium project:

Agile Methodology: Agile is well-suited for Selenium projects due to its iterative and flexible nature.
Emphasizes collaboration, adaptability, and continuous improvement. Enables quick feedback loops,
allowing for faster detection and resolution of issues. Facilitates incremental development and
delivery of features, which aligns well with the iterative nature of test automation.
Scrum Framework (an Agile methodology):Organize your Selenium project into time-boxed
iterations called sprints (typically 1-4 weeks long).Plan and prioritize test automation tasks in a
product backlog. Conduct sprint planning meetings to select tasks for the upcoming sprint and
estimate their effort. Hold daily stand-up meetings to track progress, discuss any obstacles, and
ensure alignment within the team. Review and demo completed test automation features at the end of
each sprint during the sprint review meeting. Conduct sprint retrospective meetings to reflect on the
sprint and identify areas for improvement in the test automation process.
Test-Driven Development (TDD): Consider adopting TDD principles for writing automated tests
alongside development. Write test cases before writing the actual code, ensuring that tests drive the
development process. Use TDD to guide the design and implementation of Selenium test scripts,
promoting better test coverage and code quality.
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD):Incorporate BDD practices using tools like Cucumber or
SpecFlow to define test scenarios in a human-readable format. Collaborate with stakeholders to write
feature files containing acceptance criteria and scenarios in Gherkin syntax. Implement step
definitions that map Gherkin steps to Selenium actions, facilitating automated test execution based on
natural language specifications.
Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD):
Integrate Selenium test automation into your CI/CD pipeline for automated testing of each code
change. Use CI servers like Jenkins, Travis CI, or CircleCI to trigger test execution whenever new
code is committed .Ensure fast feedback by running automated tests in parallel and leveraging
distributed testing environments .Automate the deployment of test environments and test data
provisioning as part of the CI/CD process.
Collaborative Tools: Utilize collaboration tools like JIRA, Trello , or Asana for managing project
tasks, tracking progress, and prioritizing test automation efforts .Use version control systems like Git
to manage test automation code and facilitate collaboration among team members. Employ
communication tools like Slack, Microsoft Teams, or Discord for real-time communication and
collaboration within the team.
Risk-Based Testing: Identify and prioritize test cases based on the risks associated with different
areas of the application. Focus test automation efforts on critical or high-risk areas to maximize test
coverage and minimize business impact.
Exploratory Testing: Supplement automated testing with exploratory testing sessions to uncover
unexpected issues and validate the user experience. Encourage testers to explore the application
dynamically, leveraging their domain knowledge and intuition to discover defects.

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Pair Testing: Conduct test automation activities collaboratively by pairing testers with developers or
other testers. Pairing enhances knowledge sharing, fosters creativity, and improves the quality of test
automation artifacts.
User-Centered Design (UCD): Align test automation efforts with user needs and expectations by
focusing on user-centric test scenarios.
Involve end users or stakeholders in defining acceptance criteria and validating test results to ensure
the application meets their requirements.

3. Problem definition

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The problem definition of manual testing typically revolves around the limitations and challenges
associated with relying solely on manual processes for software testing. Here's a concise problem
statement for manual testing:
Problem Definition:
Manual testing refers to the process of testing software applications by human testers without the use
of automated tools or scripts. While manual testing has been a traditional approach to ensure
software quality, it presents several inherent limitations and challenges:
Time-Consuming: Manual testing requires testers to execute test cases manually, which can be
time-consuming, especially for large and complex software systems. Testers need to repeat the same
test scenarios multiple times, leading to inefficiencies and delays in the testing process.
Prone to Human Errors: Manual testing is susceptible to human errors, such as overlooking defects,
executing incorrect test cases, and inconsistent test coverage. Testers may miss edge cases or fail to
identify subtle issues, impacting the overall quality of the software.
Limited Test Coverage: Manual testing may not cover all possible test scenarios comprehensively
due to time and resource constraints. Testers may prioritize high-risk areas or frequently used
features, leaving other parts of the application under-tested.
Scalability Challenges: As software systems evolve and grow in complexity, manual testing
becomes increasingly challenging to scale. The need for additional human resources to execute tests
and manage test data becomes a bottleneck, hindering the ability to keep up with the pace of
development.
Repetitive Tasks: Testers often find themselves performing repetitive tasks during manual testing,
such as data entry, navigation, and validation. This not only leads to boredom and fatigue but also
increases the likelihood of errors and reduces productivity.
Cost-Intensive: Manual testing incurs significant costs associated with hiring and training skilled
testers, as well as the time and effort spent on test execution and management. Moreover, the need
for manual intervention in every testing cycle adds to the overall cost of software development.
Limited Reusability: Test cases created for manual testing may not be easily reusable across
different testing cycles or projects. Testers need to recreate test scenarios from scratch, leading to
duplication of effort and inefficiencies in test case management.
In summary, the reliance on manual testing poses challenges in terms of efficiency, accuracy,
scalability, and cost-effectiveness. To address these limitations, organizations often complement
manual testing with automated testing approaches to improve test coverage, reduce time-to-market,
and enhance overall software quality.

3.1Feasibility Analysis
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Feasibility Analysis:

Technical Feasibility: Determine if Selenium is technically capable of meeting the testing needs of
the project. Consider factors such as:
Compatibility with the technology stack: Does Selenium support the programming languages,
frameworks, and browsers used in the project?
Integration capabilities: Can Selenium be integrated with other testing tools, CI/CD pipelines, and
development environments?
Scalability: Is Selenium suitable for testing applications of varying sizes and complexities?
Economic Feasibility: Assess the cost implications of using Selenium for testing. Consider factors
such as:
Licensing costs: Is Selenium open-source and free to use, or are there additional costs for
commercial support or premium features?
Training and expertise: What is the investment required to train team members on Selenium best
practices and methodologies?
Maintenance costs: Are there ongoing costs associated with maintaining Selenium test suites and
infrastructure?
Operational Feasibility: Evaluate whether Selenium can be effectively incorporated into existing
workflows and processes. Consider factors such as:
Team readiness: Do team members have the necessary skills and experience to effectively use
Selenium?
Workflow integration: Can Selenium tests be seamlessly integrated into existing CI/CD pipelines and
development workflows?
Support and resources: Is there adequate support and documentation available to assist with
implementing and troubleshooting Selenium tests?

Data Collection:
Test Coverage: Collect data on the extent to which Selenium tests cover various functionalities and
features of the application.
Test Execution Results: Gather data on the outcomes of Selenium test executions, including pass/fail
statuses, error messages, and logs.
Defects and Issues: Record data on defects and issues identified during Selenium testing, including
descriptions, severity levels, and steps to reproduce.
Performance Metrics: Collect data on performance metrics such as test execution times, resource
utilization, and browser compatibility.

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User Feedback: Gather feedback from stakeholders, developers, and end users regarding the
effectiveness and usability of Selenium tests.
Effective data collection practices can provide valuable insights into the performance and
effectiveness of Selenium tests, helping to identify areas for improvement and optimization.

IN selenium all the project make under the tool called MAVEN. Maven is an open-source build
automation and project management tool widely used for Java applications. As a build automation
tool, it automates the source code compilation and dependency management, assembles binary
codes into packages, and executes test scripts.

3.2 maven project

When working with Selenium in a Java project, setting up a Maven project is a common approach.
Maven is a build automation tool used primarily for Java projects. Here's a basic guide to setting up a
Maven project for Selenium testing:

1.Install Maven:
If you haven't already installed Maven, you can download it from the official Apache Maven website:
Maven Apache Website
Follow the installation instructions for your operating system.

2. Create a Maven Project:

You can create a new Maven project using an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) such as
IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse, or NetBeans.
Alternatively, you can create a Maven project from the command line using the mvn archetype
command.

3.Configure pom.xml:
The pom.xml (Project Object Model) file is where you define project dependencies, plugins, and
configurations.
Add dependencies for Selenium WebDriver and any other libraries you need for testing. For example:

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4. Create Test Classes:

Create Java classes for your test cases using your preferred IDE.
Use Selenium WebDriver APIs to write your test scripts. For example:
You can run your tests from the command line using Maven:

5.Run Tests:
You can run your tests from the command line using Maven
Alternatively, most IDEs have built-in support for running Maven tests
.

6. Configure Maven Plugins (Optional):Depending on your requirements, you may want to

configure additional Maven plugins for tasks such as generating reports, managing dependencies, or
integrating with continuous integration (CI) tools like Jenkins.
By following these steps, you can set up a basic Maven project for Selenium testing in Java.
Remember to customize the project structure, dependencies, and configurations according to your
specific requirements.

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3.3 Data system Analysis

Data Analysis:
Identify the data sources relevant to your testing, such as input data, test data, and expected output
data.
Analyze the structure and format of the data to ensure that your Selenium tests can interact with it
effectively.
Determine how data will be managed and manipulated within your tests, including strategies for data
generation, retrieval, and validation.
Consider how your Selenium tests will handle various data scenarios, such as boundary cases,
invalid inputs, and edge conditions.

System Analysis:
Understand the architecture and components of the system under test (SUT), including web pages,
elements, modules, and interactions.
Analyze the behavior of the SUT to identify key functionalities, workflows, and user scenarios that
need to be tested.
Identify dependencies and interactions between different system components that may impact your
Selenium tests.
Consider factors such as browser compatibility, device compatibility, network conditions, and third-
party integrations that may affect test execution.

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4. Discuss
Project Objective Definition: Clearly define the objectives of your project. What are you trying to
achieve with Selenium? Are you automating functional tests, regression tests, or something else?
Environment Setup: Install necessary tools: Ensure you have Java Development Kit (JDK),
Selenium WebDriver, an IDE (like Eclipse or IntelliJ IDEA), and a build tool (like Maven or Gradle)
installed.
Configure your IDE and WebDriver: Set up your project in the IDE, configure WebDriver for the
browser you're testing (Chrome, Firefox, etc.), and set up any necessary dependencies.
Test Case Identification: Identify the test cases you want to automate. These could be based on
functional requirements, user stories, or existing manual test cases.
Test Design: Write test scripts: Using your preferred programming language (Java, Python, etc.),
write Selenium scripts to automate the identified test cases.
Design robust tests: Ensure your tests are reliable, maintainable, and easy to understand. Use
appropriate Selenium commands to interact with web elements, handle synchronization issues, and
manage test data.
Test Execution: Execute your automated tests against the application under test (AUT).
Analyze test results: Monitor test execution, identify any failures or defects, and troubleshoot issues
as needed.
Reporting and Logging: Generate test reports: Use reporting tools (like TestNG or ExtentReports)
to generate detailed test reports with information about test results, execution time, and any failures
encountered.
Implement logging: Include logging statements in your test scripts to capture important information
during test execution, such as test steps, errors, and warnings.
Integration with CI/CD Pipeline (Optional): If applicable, integrate your Selenium tests into a
Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipeline for automated testing as part of the
software delivery process.
Maintenance and Updates: Regularly review and update your test scripts to keep pace with changes
in the application or underlying technologies. Maintain good documentation to aid in understanding
and updating the tests.
Code Review and Collaboration: If you're working in a team, collaborate with other team members
through code reviews, sharing best practices, and knowledge transfer.

Continuous Improvement: Reflect on your testing processes and identify areas for improvement.
This could involve optimizing test execution speed, enhancing test coverage, or refining test design
patterns.
Test Framework Integration: Integrate with test frameworks: If you're using a test framework like
TestNG or JUnit, leverage its features for test management, grouping, and execution.Implement test
suites and test dependencies: Organize your tests into logical groups and define dependencies
between them to ensure proper test execution order.

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Handling Dynamic Elements and Pop-ups: Develop strategies for handling dynamic elements:
Handle dynamic content, such as elements with changing IDs or attributes, using techniques like
XPath, CSS selectors, or dynamic waits.Address pop-ups and alerts: Implement solutions to handle
browser alerts, JavaScript pop-ups, and authentication dialogs during test execution.

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4.1 Project Description

Project Objective Definition: Clearly define the objectives of your project. What are you trying to
achieve with Selenium? Are you automating functional tests, regression tests, or something else?
Environment Setup: Install necessary tools: Ensure you have Java Development Kit (JDK), Selenium
WebDriver, an IDE (like Eclipse or IntelliJ IDEA), and a build tool (like Maven or Gradle) installed.
Configure your IDE and WebDriver: Set up your project in the IDE, configure WebDriver for the
browser you're testing (Chrome, Firefox, etc.), and set up any necessary dependencies.
Test Case Identification: Identify the test cases you want to automate. These could be based on
functional requirements, user stories, or existing manual test cases.
Test Design: Write test scripts: Using your preferred programming language (Java, Python, etc.),
write Selenium scripts to automate the identified test cases.
Design robust tests: Ensure your tests are reliable, maintainable, and easy to understand. Use
appropriate Selenium commands to interact with web elements, handle synchronization issues, and
manage test data.
Test Execution: Execute your automated tests against the application under test (AUT).
Analyze test results: Monitor test execution, identify any failures or defects, and troubleshoot issues
as needed.
Reporting and Logging: Generate test reports: Use reporting tools (like TestNG or ExtentReports) to
generate detailed test reports with information about test results, execution time, and any failures
encountered.
Implement logging: Include logging statements in your test scripts to capture important information
during test execution, such as test steps, errors, and warnings.
Integration with CI/CD Pipeline (Optional): If applicable, integrate your Selenium tests into a
Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipeline for automated testing as part of the
software delivery process.
Maintenance and Updates: Regularly review and update your test scripts to keep pace with changes
in the application or underlying technologies. Maintain good documentation to aid in understanding
and updating the tests.
Code Review and Collaboration: If you're working in a team, collaborate with other team members
through code reviews, sharing best practices, and knowledge transfer.

Continuous Improvement: Reflect on your testing processes and identify areas for improvement. This
could involve optimizing test execution speed, enhancing test coverage, or refining test design
patterns.
Test Framework Integration: Integrate with test frameworks: If you're using a test framework like
TestNG or JUnit, leverage its features for test management, grouping, and execution.Implement test

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suites and test dependencies: Organize your tests into logical groups and define dependencies
between them to ensure proper test execution order.
Handling Dynamic Elements and Pop-ups: Develop strategies for handling dynamic elements: Handle
dynamic content, such as elements with changing IDs or attributes, using techniques like XPath, CSS
selectors, or dynamic waits.Address pop-ups and alerts: Implement solutions to handle browser
alerts, JavaScript pop-ups, and authentication dialogs during test execution.

4.2 Technology used

In software testing, various technologies and tools are used to automate testing processes, improve
efficiency, and ensure the quality of software products. One of the widely used technologies for
automated testing is Selenium.
Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment): Selenium IDE is a browser extension used for
record and playback of test scripts. It allows testers to record interactions with a web application and
generate automated test scripts without writing code manually. However, it's generally used for quick
prototyping and not recommended for complex test scenarios.
Selenium Grid: Selenium Grid is a tool used for parallel execution of test scripts across multiple
browsers and platforms. It allows testers to distribute test execution across different machines,
speedi….ng up the testing process and improving efficiency.
Selenium, being an open-source automation testing framework primarily used for web applications,
relies on a variety of technologies to achieve its functionality. Here are the key technologies used in
Selenium:
WebDriver Protocol: WebDriver is the primary interface in Selenium that allows interactions with web
browsers. It communicates with the browser using a protocol known as the WebDriver protocol. This
protocol defines a set of standardized commands and responses for controlling the browser's
behavior.
Web Browser Technologies: Selenium interacts with web browsers to automate actions such as
clicking buttons, filling forms, and navigating between web pages. It leverages technologies specific
to each browser, such as Chrome DevTools Protocol for Google Chrome and Gecko Driver for
Mozilla Firefox, to enable communication with the browser's rendering engine.
Programming Languages: Selenium supports multiple programming languages for writing test scripts,
including Java, Python, C#, Ruby, and JavaScript. Selenium provides language-specific client
libraries or bindings that allow testers to interact with the Selenium WebDriver API using their
preferred programming language.
HTML and CSS: Selenium interacts with web elements on web pages using HTML (HyperText
Markup Language) and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). Test scripts use locators such as IDs, class
names, XPath, or CSS selectors to identify and manipulate these elements during test execution.
JSON Wire Protocol: The communication between Selenium client libraries and the WebDriver server
is facilitated by the JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) Wire Protocol. This protocol defines the format

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of the messages exchanged between the client and server, allowing commands and responses to be
transmitted in a structured manner.
Browser Automation Tools: Selenium leverages browser automation tools and drivers to control the
behaviour of web browsers programmatically. These tools include Chrome Driver for Google Chrome,
GeckoDriver for Mozilla Firefox, and WebDriver for other browsers. They provide a bridge between
Selenium WebDriver APIs and the browser's native automation interface.
Selenium Grid: Selenium Grid is a component of Selenium that enables parallel execution of test
scripts across multiple browsers and platforms. It utilizes technologies such as distributed computing
and networking to manage test execution on remote machines or virtual environments.
Testing Frameworks: While not directly a part of Selenium, testing frameworks such as TestNG,
JUnit, NUnit, and PyTest are often used in conjunction with Selenium for organizing test scripts,
managing test data, and generating test reports.

4.3Language used

Programming Language: Java is one of the most popular programming languages used for Selenium
automation testing. It provides robust features, a rich ecosystem of libraries, and widespread
community support.
Selenium WebDriver: Java is the primary language used with Selenium WebDriver, which is a
powerful tool for automating web browser interactions. WebDriver allows testers to write scripts in
Java to simulate user actions like clicking buttons, filling forms, and navigating through web pages.
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Java's object-oriented nature aligns well with Selenium's
architecture, allowing testers to create reusable and maintainable automation frameworks. They can
leverage concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism to design scalable test
automation solutions.
Integration with Test Frameworks: Java integrates seamlessly with popular test frameworks like
TestNG and JUnit, which provide features for test management, assertion handling, and reporting.
TestNG, in particular, offers advanced features such as parallel execution, data-driven testing, and
test dependency management.
Page Object Model (POM): Java is commonly used to implement the Page Object Model (POM)
design pattern in Selenium automation projects. POM helps organize test code into reusable
components by representing web pages as Java classes and encapsulating interactions with web
elements.
Handling Dependencies: Java's dependency management tools like Maven and Gradle are
commonly used in Selenium projects to manage dependencies on external libraries and frameworks.
These tools simplify project setup and ensure consistent dependency resolution across different
environments.
Exception Handling: Java's exception handling mechanism allows testers to gracefully handle errors
and exceptions encountered during test execution. They can use try-catch blocks to catch and handle
exceptions, ensuring that test failures are properly logged and reported.

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Reporting and Logging: Java's logging APIs (e.g., Log4j, SLF4J) and reporting libraries (e.g.,
ExtentReports, ReportNG) are used to generate detailed test reports and log messages during test
execution. These tools help testers track test results, identify failures, and troubleshoot issues
efficiently.

4.4 Fleeca ERP and App

Fleeca ERP
Fleeca ERP is the software that used for store the data in documentation and graphical
representation. It helps the client to easily understand the data and client easily analysis the data or
correct the data. In ERP the client shows all the activity that performed on tyre just like inspection,
maintains, cpkm, and many more. In ERP you can save the data , observations , action of the clients ,
engineers.

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4.6 Fleeca App

Fleeca App is easily access and user friendly app. IN App there are various modules that have
different functionalities just like how to add the vehicle, tyres, activity and their records. We have three
different apps for different usage just like for enourte services, service engineers, clients and
customers.

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5. Analysis and Observations

Test Coverage Analysis: Evaluate the extent to which your automated tests cover the functional
requirements and critical pathways of the application. Identify any gaps or areas of insufficient
coverage that may require additional test cases or enhancements to existing tests.
Test Execution Efficiency: Analyse the execution time and resource consumption of your
automated test suite. Identify opportunities to optimize test execution by parallelizing tests, optimizing
test scripts, or leveraging cloud-based testing infrastructure.
Defect Analysis: Monitor and analyse the defects identified during test execution. Classify defects
based on severity, priority, and root cause to prioritize bug fixes and improve overall software quality.
Test Results and Trends: Review test execution results and trends over time to identify patterns and
anomalies. Track metrics such as test pass/fail rates, defect density, and mean time to resolve
(MTTR) to measure the effectiveness of test automation efforts.
Feedback from Stakeholders: Gather feedback from stakeholders, including developers, product
owners, and end users, regarding the quality and usability of the application. Use feedback to refine
test scenarios, prioritize test automation efforts, and address any concerns or issues raised.
Performance Metrics: Measure and analyze performance metrics such as page load times,
response times, and server resource utilization. Identify performance bottlenecks and areas for
optimization to enhance the overall user experience and application performance.
Regression Testing Effectiveness: Evaluate the effectiveness of your regression test suite in
detecting regressions and preventing software defects. Assess the impact of changes or
enhancements on existing functionality and ensure that regression tests provide adequate coverage.
Compliance and Security Analysis: Conduct compliance and security assessments to ensure that
the application complies with relevant regulations and standards.Identify any security vulnerabilities or
compliance issues and take appropriate remedial actions to mitigate risks.
Automation Framework Evaluation: Assess the effectiveness and maintainability of your test
automation framework. Identify opportunities to refactor or optimize the framework to improve
scalability, reliability, and maintainability.

Continuous Improvement Opportunities: Identify areas for process improvement and optimization
based on analysis findings. Implement corrective actions and best practices to enhance the efficiency
and effectiveness of test automation efforts over time.
Browser and Platform Compatibility: Evaluate the compatibility of the application across different
web browsers (e.g., Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge) and platforms (e.g., Windows, macOS,
Linux).Identify any browser-specific or platform-specific issues that may affect the user experience or
functionality of the application.

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User Interface (UI) Consistency: Assess the consistency and usability of the application's user
interface across different devices and screen sizes.
Identify any UI inconsistencies, layout issues, or design discrepancies that may impact user
satisfaction or accessibility.
Localization and Internationalization: Verify the localization and internationalization support of the
application by testing it with different languages, locales, and cultural preferences. Ensure that the
application displays content correctly, handles date/time formats, and supports input methods for
various languages.
Error Handling and Recovery: Evaluate the application's error handling mechanisms and resilience
to unexpected errors or exceptions.Test scenarios involving error conditions, invalid input, or
unexpected behavior to assess how the application responds and recovers from errors gracefully.
Usability and User Experience (UX): Conduct usability testing to assess the overall user experience
of the application, including ease of navigation, clarity of instructions, and intuitiveness of features.
Gather feedback from end users or usability experts to identify areas for improvement in the user
interface and interaction design.

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6. Contributions
Selenium, being an open-source project, thrives on contributions from its community of developers,
testers, and enthusiasts worldwide. Here are some ways individuals can contribute to the Selenium
project:

Code Contributions: Developers can contribute code improvements, bug fixes, and new features to
the Selenium codebase. This involves writing code, submitting pull requests (PRs), and collaborating
with other contributors to review and refine code changes.
Bug Reporting and Triage: Testers and users can contribute by identifying and reporting bugs or
issues they encounter while using Selenium. Providing detailed bug reports with steps to reproduce
and system configurations helps developers diagnose and fix issues more effectively.
Documentation: Contributing to Selenium's documentation by writing guides, tutorials, and examples
helps users understand how to use Selenium effectively. Documentation contributions can include
updating existing documentation, clarifying concepts, and providing usage examples.
Localization: Translating Selenium's documentation and user interfaces into different languages
makes the project more accessible to non-English speaking users. Contributors can help localize
Selenium by translating text strings, error messages, and documentation into other languages.
Test Automation: Writing and maintaining automated tests for Selenium itself ensures the quality
and reliability of the project. Test automation contributions involve creating test cases, executing
tests, and reporting any failures or regressions.
Community Support: Contributing to the Selenium community by participating in forums, mailing
lists, and chat channels helps answer questions, troubleshoot issues, and provide guidance to other
users. Sharing knowledge and best practices contributes to a vibrant and supportive community.
Tooling and Utilities: Developing tools, plugins, or utilities that extend Selenium's capabilities or
integrate with other testing frameworks or tools enhances the ecosystem around Selenium.
Contributions in this area can improve developer productivity and streamline testing workflows.

Accessibility: Improving the accessibility of Selenium itself and advocating for web accessibility best
practices within the Selenium community helps ensure that Selenium is usable by individuals with
disabilities. Accessibility contributions may involve testing, documentation, and code improvements.
Promotion and Evangelism: Promoting Selenium through blog posts, conference talks, workshops,
and social media helps raise awareness and attract new contributors to the project. Evangelism
contributions help grow the Selenium community and foster collaboration.
Financial Support: Individuals and organizations can support Selenium financially by donating to the
project or sponsoring specific initiatives, such as bug bounties, hackathons, or community events.
Financial contributions help cover project expenses and support ongoing development efforts.
Overall, contributions to Selenium come in many forms, and each contribution plays a valuable role in
advancing the project, improving its quality, and empowering users to build better software through
automated testing.

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7. Learnings
Learning Selenium involves mastering several key concepts and skills related to automated testing of
web applications. Here's a roadmap for learning Selenium:

Understanding Web Technologies: Gain a basic understanding of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, as
Selenium interacts with web elements using these technologies. Learn about the Document Object
Model (DOM) and how web pages are structured, as it forms the basis for Selenium's element
locating strategies.
Programming Language: Choose a programming language supported by Selenium (e.g., Java,
Python, C#, JavaScript).Learn the basics of the selected programming language, including syntax,
data types, control structures, functions/methods, and exception handling.
Selenium WebDriver: Familiarize yourself with Selenium WebDriver and its APIs for automating web
browser interactions. Learn how to set up Selenium WebDriver in your preferred programming
language and integrate it with your development environment.
Element Locators: Understand different strategies for locating web elements using Selenium, such
as ID, name, XPath, CSS selectors, class name, link text, and partial link text. Learn when to use
each locator strategy based on the structure and attributes of the web page.
WebDriver Commands: Learn about WebDriver commands for interacting with web elements,
including clicking, typing, selecting, submitting forms, navigating between pages, and handling
alerts/pop-ups .Understand how to perform actions like mouse hovering, drag-and-drop, and
keyboard shortcuts using WebDriver.
Synchronization: Understand the importance of synchronization in automated testing and learn how
to handle synchronization issues such as page load delays, AJAX requests, and dynamic elements.
Learn about implicit waits, explicit waits, and fluent waits in Selenium to ensure that tests execute
reliably.
Handling Frames and Windows: Learn how to switch between frames and windows in Selenium
when testing web pages with iframes or multiple browser windows/tabs. Understand the methods for
identifying and switching to frames/windows using Selenium WebDriver.
Page Object Model (POM): Understand the Page Object Model design pattern and its benefits for
creating maintainable and reusable test automation code. Learn how to implement the Page Object
Model in Selenium to represent web pages as classes and encapsulate page-specific functionality.

Test Frameworks: Choose a test framework compatible with Selenium (e.g., TestNG, JUnit, NUnit,
Pytest).Learn how to set up and configure the chosen test framework, write test cases, and execute
tests using Selenium WebDriver.
Continuous Integration : Learn how to integrate Selenium tests into Continuous
Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines using tools like Jenkins, Travis CI, or CircleCI.
Understand how to automate test execution, generate test reports, and trigger builds based on code
changes.

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Best Practices and Patterns: Explore best practices for writing maintainable, scalable, and robust
Selenium test automation code. Learn about common design patterns and techniques for organizing
test code, handling test data, and managing dependencies.
Exploratory Learning and Practice : Practice writing Selenium test scripts for real-world web
applications, including both simple and complex scenarios.
Experiment with different locators, commands, and strategies to gain hands-on experience and
deepen your understanding of Selenium.
By following this roadmap and actively practicing your Selenium skills, you can become proficient in
automated testing of web applications and leverage Selenium effectively for your QA initiatives.

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8. Conclusion and Future scope

Selenium stands as a cornerstone in the field of automated testing, offering a powerful suite of tools
and libraries that enable QA professionals and developers to automate web browser interactions
effectively. Its flexibility, extensibility, and robust capabilities have made it the de facto standard for
web application testing.

Through mastering Selenium, individuals can unlock numerous benefits for their organizations and
projects. By leveraging Selenium's automation capabilities, teams can:

Improve Efficiency: Automation with Selenium reduces the time and effort required for repetitive
testing tasks, allowing teams to focus on higher-value activities such as exploratory testing,
performance optimization, and code reviews.
Enhance Quality: Automated tests created with Selenium provide consistent and reliable feedback
on the quality of the software, helping teams identify defects early in the development cycle and
prevent regressions.
Accelerate Delivery: Selenium enables faster feedback loops, facilitating Continuous Integration and
Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) practices. With automated testing integrated into the development
pipeline, teams can release software updates more frequently and with greater confidence.
Increase Test Coverage: Selenium empowers teams to create comprehensive test suites that cover
a wide range of test scenarios across different browsers, platforms, and devices. This ensures
thorough validation of the application's functionality and user experience.
Enable Collaboration: Selenium fosters collaboration between QA professionals, developers, and
other stakeholders by providing a common platform for defining, executing, and analyzing tests.
Collaboration within cross-functional teams leads to better alignment, shared understanding, and
improved software quality.
As technology continues to evolve and software development practices evolve, Selenium remains at
the forefront of automated testing innovation. Its vibrant community of contributors and users ensures
that Selenium continues to adapt to meet the changing needs of the industry.

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8.1 Future Opportunities:

Looking ahead, the future of Selenium holds exciting opportunities for further innovation and
advancement. Some potential areas for future development and exploration include:
Integration with Emerging Technologies: Selenium may integrate with emerging technologies such
as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and blockchain to enhance test automation
capabilities and address new testing challenges.
Enhanced Support for Mobile and Responsive Testing: As mobile usage continues to rise,
Selenium may expand its support for mobile testing, including native mobile apps and responsive web
design.
Containerization and Microservices Testing: Selenium may evolve to support containerization
technologies like Docker and Kubernetes, enabling scalable and portable testing solutions for
microservices architectures.
Accessibility Testing: Selenium may incorporate built-in support for accessibility testing, helping
teams ensure that their applications are accessible to users with disabilities and compliant with
accessibility standards.
Integration with DevOps and Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) Practices: Selenium may align
more closely with DevOps and SRE practices, offering features for monitoring, observability, and
chaos engineering.
In conclusion, Selenium continues to play a crucial role in enabling organizations to deliver high-
quality software at speed. By embracing Selenium and its future opportunities, individuals and teams
can stay at the forefront of test automation excellence and drive positive outcomes for their projects
and organizations.

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9. Reference

Selenium Tutorial: https://youtu.be/25U-KUpWd1c?si=5ThADEH1k-Dsv5gi

Java Tutorial: https://youtu.be/yRpLlJmRo2w?si=np-NTzTJMYpKvUvv
ERP Login: https://app.fleeca.in/#/login
Maven: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Maven
Selenium Tutorial : https://www.javatpoint.com/selenium-tutorial

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