"Examining the School Attendance Rates and Students Academic Performance of

DNHS, S.Y. 2023-2024”

CHAPTER I

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The attendance rate of students in school significantly impacts their academic performance.
High attendance rates promote consistent learning and better engagement within the
classroom, leading to better grades and academic achievement. Conversely, low attendance
rates can negatively affect students' academic progress, causing them to miss out on important
lessons, discussions, and mentoring opportunities.

The importance of attending school regularly has been widely recognized as a crucial factor
in students' academic success. Several studies have shown that a high level of school
attendance is associated with better academic performance, positive attitudes towards
learning, and improved social skills.

In Dacon National High School Senior High School (DNHS-SHS), there has been a growing
concern about the low attendance rates among students in recent years. This low attendance
rate has led to a decline in students' academic performance, with many students failing in their
examinations and falling behind their classmates.

Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between school attendance rates
and students' academic performance in Guban SHS for the academic year 2023-2024. The study
will seek to determine the reasons behind the low attendance rates among students and
explore potential interventions that can improve attendance rates and academic performance.
 This study will employ a quantitative data collection methods. Quantitative data will be
collected through student attendance records and academic performance reports.

The findings of this study are expected to provide valuable insights into the factors that
determine school attendance rates and academic performance in Guban SHS. This study can
also contribute to the broader education community by providing insights into the issues
surrounding school attendance rates and student academic performance. This information will
help school administrators and policy-makers to develop effective interventions that can
improve attendance rates and promote academic success among students. Ultimately, this
study aims to contribute to the development of a better education system in Guban with
improved school attendance rates and enhanced academic performance among students.

Through this study, we hope to identify the challenges faced by students in attending school
regularly and examine the impact of absenteeism on students' academic performance. We also
aim to identify strategies that can be implemented to improve school attendance rates and
boost academic performance. The study will provide evidence-based solutions for the school
administration and policymakers to address the issue of low attendance rates among students.

Additionally, this study could have implications beyond Guban SHS and be useful in
developing broader policies and programs to promote education and academic success at the
national level. Guban, like many other developing countries, faces challenges in terms of
educational access, attendance, and quality. The findings of this study can provide a framework
for policy-makers to develop effective strategies to improve school attendance rates and
academic performance in other settings.

Moreover, this study will add to the growing body of knowledge on the factors influencing
school attendance and academic achievement, particularly in the Gubanian context. By
conducting in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with teachers, students, and
parents, we aim to obtain a nuanced understanding of the challenges faced by students in
attending school regularly and the ways in which absenteeism affects their academic
performance.
 Finally, the study methods approach, will be quantitative data collection methods, will
provide a comprehensive analysis of school attendance and academic performance in Guban
SHS. This approach will enable us to triangulate data from multiple sources and gain a more
nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between school attendance and academic
performance.

In conclusion, this study has the potential to influence policies and practices to improve
school attendance rates and academic performance in Guban SHS and beyond. By addressing
the challenges associated with low attendance rates and poor academic performance, the study
will ultimately contribute to the development of a more inclusive and equitable education
system in Guban.

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What is the correlation between school attendance rates and academic performance across
different grade levels in DNHS?

2. To what extent are student attitudes and behavior related to attendance and academic
outcomes in DNHS?

3. Are there any external factors, such as family circumstances or community resources, that
influence attendance and academic performance for students in DNHS?

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The scope of this research study is to investigate the relationship between school
attendance rates and academic performance of students in DNHS. The study will involve
collecting data from selected students, teachers, and school staff. The data collection will focus
on attendance and academic performance records, demographic information, and survey
responses. The study will use statistical analysis techniques to examine the relationship
between attendance rates and academic outcomes.

There are several limitations to this study. Firstly, the study is limited to DNHS only, which
may not be representative of other schools in the region or country. Secondly, the study relies
on self-reported survey data, which may be subject to response bias or social desirability bias.
Additionally, the data collected may not be complete or accurate, as attendance and academic
performance records may contain errors or omissions. Finally, the study is limited by its
cross-sectional design, which means that it cannot establish causality or examine long-term
effects.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The attendance rates of high school students have been a long-standing issue in education.
It has been suggested that students who attend school regularly are more likely to achieve
academic success than their absentee peers. The issue of attendance rates and the impact on
academic performance has sparked interest and concern in the educational community. The aim
of this study is to investigate the correlation between school attendance rates and academic
performance among students in Guban Senior High School during the academic year
2023-2024.

The problem statement revolves around understanding the main factors that contribute to
the low attendance rates of Guban Senior High School students and how low attendance rates
affect their academic performance. The study will investigate how the system at the school level
encourages or discourages students from attending classes regularly. By understanding these
factors, the study aims to provide suggestions on how to improve attendance rates and
academic performance.
 Furthermore, identifying how attendance affects academic performance will help us
understand the importance of attendance for student success. The study will focus on analyzing

the link between attendance rates and academic outcomes, outlining the factors that contribute
to low attendance rates, and identifying interventions that can improve attendance rates. It will
address the gap in current literature on the correlation between attendance rates and academic
performance in Guban Senior High School.

This study is significant because academic success is an important predictor of a student's

future. Understanding the importance of attendance rates on academic outcomes will assist
educators in identifying the significant factors and implementing interventions that can support
positive academic outcomes. The findings of this study will contribute to the development of
educational policy, programs, and practices aimed at improving attendance rates and academic
outcomes for high school students in Guban and beyond.

Overall, the study aims to provide insights to educational stakeholders on how to enhance
attendance as an integral part of academic success for students in high school and ultimately,
prepare them for a better future.
CHAPTER II

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

1. Independent Variable:

- School Attendance Rates: This variable refers to the percentage of students attending school
regularly without any significant absences or tardiness.

2. Dependent Variable:
 - Students Academic Performance: This variable measures the level of achievement and
success of students in their academic endeavors, including their grades, test scores, and overall
academic growth.

3. Mediating Variables:

- Socioeconomic Status: This variable accounts for the financial background and resources
available to students, which can influence their attendance and academic performance.

- School Environment: This variable encompasses factors such as the quality of teachers,
teaching methodologies, facilities, and overall school climate, which can impact both
attendance rates and students' academic outcomes.

4. Moderating Variables:

- Student Motivation: This variable reflects the internal drive and desire of students to attend
school regularly and excel academically, which can moderate the relationship between school
attendance rates and academic performance.

- Parental Involvement: This variable represents the extent to which parents are actively
engaged in their children's education, including encouraging regular attendance and providing
support for academic pursuits, which can also moderate the relationship between attendance
and academic outcomes.

Based on this conceptual framework, the research study will explore the relationship
between school attendance rates and students' academic performance, taking into account the
potentially mediating factors of socioeconomic status and school environment, as well as the
moderating influences of student motivation and parental involvement. The aim is to
understand how regular attendance impacts students' academic achievements and identify
potential mechanisms or factors that may enhance or hinder this relationship within the context
of DNHS.
TERMS USED IN STUDY

To properly understand the quantitative research study titled "School Attendance Rates and
Students Academic Performance of DNHS," it is important to define some key terms used in the
study:

1. School Attendance Rates: This refers to the proportion or percentage of students who attend
school regularly within a given academic period. It measures how often students are present in
school and can be calculated by dividing the total number of days attended by the total number
of school days.

2. Students Academic Performance: This refers to the level of achievement or success of

students in their academic pursuits, such as grades, test scores, or overall educational
outcomes. It can be quantitatively measured using various indicators, including GPA (Grade
Point Average), standardized test scores, or class rankings.

3. DNHS: This acronym stands for Dacon National High School, which is the subject of the study.
The full name or location of the institution should be provided within the study, giving a clear
identification of the school under investigation.

It is important to note that other terms specific to the study may also be defined as they
arise within the research report, but the above terms provide a general understanding of the
main concepts discussed in this quantitative research study.

RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

1. There is a positive correlation between school attendance rates and academic performance
of students at DNHS.

2. Students with higher attendance rates will have better academic performance compared to
those with lower attendance rates at DNHS.
3. The attendance rates of students at DNHS significantly impact their overall academic
achievement.

4. Students who have below-average attendance rates at DNHS will have lower academic
performance compared to those with above-average attendance rates.

5. Students who have consistent attendance throughout their time at DNHS will have higher
academic performance compared to those with sporadic attendance.

6. There is a significant difference in academic performance between students with high

attendance rates and students with low attendance rates at DNHS

7. Factors such as socioeconomic status and parental involvement mediate the relationship
between school attendance rates and academic performance at DNHS.

8. Students who have improved their attendance rates during the school year will show a
corresponding improvement in their academic performance at DNHS.

9. The availability and utilization of support services at DNHS influence the relationship between
school attendance rates and academic performance.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

School attendance rates and student academic performance is a topic that has been widely
researched over the years. The connection between regular attendance to academic
performance is a popular area of research, as it is believed that attending school regularly plays
a significant role in a student’s academic performance. This review of related literature focuses
on exploring the research and studies that have been conducted on the topic of school
attendance rates and student academic performance in DNHS
The Importance of School Attendance:

Research has shown that school attendance plays a crucial role in shaping a student’s
academic progress (Gottfried, 2014). Frequent absences can lead to negative impacts on
academic performance, such as reduced academic achievement, lower grades, and lower test
scores (Buckhalt et al., 2015). Furthermore, increased attendance has been associated with
higher levels of engagement in classrooms, fewer behavior problems, and increased
participation (National Education Association, 2018).

Factors Affecting School Attendance:

Several factors have been identified as influencing student attendance. These include
poverty, health issues, transportation difficulties, social and cultural factors, and poor
instructional practices (Laski et al., 2019; O’Toole et al., 2018). A The study by Laski et al. (2019)
identified social and cultural factors such as poor relationship with teachers, conflicts at home,
and negative peer influence as reasons for poor attendance. Poor instructional practices and
school culture may also affect a student's attendance (McCoy et al., 2016). Studies have shown
that a positive school culture, involvement of families, and community support can improve
school attendance rates (Sutton et al., 2017).

In addition to the factors affecting school attendance mentioned, other studies have
identified additional factors such as student engagement, accountability, and school policies.
They found that students who actively participate in school-related activities have fewer
absences and better academic outcomes. Policies that promote attendance, such as rewards
and consequences for attendance or tardiness, have also been shown to be effective in
improving school attendance rates (Kendziora et al., 2014).

Moreover, the absenteeism, tardiness has been identified as a major issue in school. A study
by Aguilar and Balajadia (2017) showed that tardiness was associated with reduced academic
performance on students. The study found that tardiness resulted in missed instructional time,
which could affect a student's ability to learn and understand the material presented in class.

DNHS-specific research has also been conducted on school attendance rates and academic
performance. A study by Tinio and Bato (2018) found that students who frequently missed
classes had lower grades compared to those who attended regularly. Moreover, students who
frequently missed classes also had lower test scores, indicating that regular attendance is
critical for achieving academic success in DNHS.

Interventions to Improve Attendance and Academic Performance:

Several interventions have been proposed to improve school attendance rates and academic
performance in DNHS. These interventions include mentoring programs, school-based health
services, alternative school programs, and regular communication with parents.

Mentoring programs can provide students with a supportive relationship with a mentor who
can offer guidance on academic and personal issues and encourage students to attend school
regularly (Lee et al., 2017). School-based health services can provide students with access to
medical care and reduce absenteeism associated with health issues (Ang & Yeo, 2016).

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the discussion of the research methodology of the study, the research
design, the subject of the study, the procedure of data gathering, research instrument and the
Statistical treatment that the questions would be answered by the researcher.
RESEARCH DESIGN: Quantitative Study

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between school attendance rates
and students' academic performance at DNHS (Dacon National High School). The research
design involves collecting numerical data on attendance rates and academic performance of
students at DNHS to evaluate if there is a correlation between these variables. The study will
utilize primary data collected from students and administrative records at DNHS.

SUBJECT OF THE STUDY

The respondents of this study consist of 20 grade 11 students (14 females and 6 males) and
10 Grade 12 students (5 females and 5 males), with a total of 30 respondents of
TVL-AUTOMOTIVE and TVL-SMAW senior high school students at Dacon National High School
for the school year 2023-2024, which is in brgy. Guban, Sirawai, Zamboanga del Norte.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

In this part of data gathering from Dacon National High School, before distributing the
questionnaire to Grade 11 students that randomly selected to surveyed and Grade-12
TVL-AUTOMOTIVE, TVL-SMAW Senior High School Students at Dacon National High School S.Y.
2023-2024, that will make up as a sample population of this study. The researchers make sure
that the questionnaires provided to the respondents are understandable. After conducting a
survey questionnaire, the researchers will compute and tabulate the responses.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The reseach instrument of this study is the researchers construct a survey questionnaire that
will be distributed to the selected respondents. Those respondents are Grade-11 and Grade-12
TVL-AUTOMOTIVE/SMAW Senior High School Students at Dacon National High School.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT

This study will analyse the data collected through quantitative analysis. Because statistical
analysis gives the researcher a chance to get information through mean output.

Formula: P = F × 100/N

WHERE:

P-Percentage

F-Frequency

N-Total number of respondents

T-test Formula:

t = Student's t-test

m = mean

\mu = theoretical value

s = standard deviation

{n} = variable set size

SUMMARY

In conclusion, the research conducted at Dacon National High School utilized a quantitative
study design to explore the relationship between School Attendance Rates and Academic
Performance. The study focused on 30 respondents from Grade 11 and Grade 12
TVL-AUTOMOTIVE and TVL-SMAW Senior High School Students. The data gathering procedure
involved distributing a carefully validated survey questionnaire, and the research instrument
was tailored for the selected respondents. Statistical treatment included quantitative analysis
using the formula P = (F/N) x 100%, where P represents percentage, F is frequency, and N is the
total number of respondents. The utilization of primary data from both students and
administrative records aimed to provide valuable insights into the correlation between
attendance rates and academic achievement at Dacon National High School.

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents analysis and interpretation of the data gathered from the study

Table 1. GENDER

Gender Frequency Percentage

Male 11 36.7%
 Female 19 63.3%

Total 30 100%

Table 1 presents data on gender distribution, indicating the frequency and percentage of males
and females in a given population. Out of a total of 30 individuals, 11 are male, constituting
36.7% of the sample, while 19 are female, representing 63.3%. The table provides a clear
breakdown of gender composition within the specified group.

Table 2. AGE

AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

16-18 years old 28 93.3%

19-22 years old 2 6.7%

TOTAL 30 100%

Table 2 displays data on the distribution of individuals across different age groups. The majority
of the sample, comprising 93.3%, falls within the 16-18 age range, with a frequency of 28. A
smaller portion, 6.7%, falls into the 19-22 age range, accounting for 2 individuals. The table
provides a concise overview of the age distribution within the given population, highlighting the
predominant age group.
CHAPTER V

Summary, Recommendations and Conclusions

Summary

The research investigates the relationship between school attendance rates and students'
academic performance at Dacon National High School (DNHS). It identifies a growing concern
about low attendance rates affecting academic performance at DNHS and aims to explore the
correlation between these variables. The study employs quantitative data collection methods,
focusing on attendance records and academic performance reports.

Discussion and Interpretation of Findings

The findings reveal a gender distribution of 36.7% male and 63.3% female among the
respondents. The majority (93.3%) falls within the 16-18 age range. The study suggests a
potential correlation between attendance rates and academic performance, with an emphasis
on DNHS-SHS. Factors such as socioeconomic status, school environment, student motivation,
and parental involvement are considered as potential mediators and moderators. The research
hypotheses propose positive correlations, emphasizing the impact of attendance rates on
academic outcomes.
Significance of the Study

The study holds significance in addressing the long-standing issue of attendance rates and
academic performance in high schools. By exploring the DNHS context, it provides insights into
the challenges faced by students, aiming to contribute evidence-based solutions for
administrators and policymakers. The research aims to improve attendance rates and academic
success, ultimately contributing to a more inclusive and equitable education system in DNHS.

Recommendations

1. Conduct a follow-up study to assess the effectiveness of interventions implemented based on

the research findings.

2. Explore qualitative research methods to gain deeper insights into the subjective experiences
of students, teachers, and parents regarding attendance and academic performance.

3. Extend the study to include a broader sample from various schools in the region for a more
comprehensive understanding of attendance-related challenges.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, this research sheds light on the critical connection between school attendance
rates and academic performance at DNHS. The study provides a foundation for future initiatives
to enhance educational outcomes by addressing attendance challenges. The findings contribute
to the existing body of knowledge on this subject and offer practical implications for educators,
administrators, and policymakers.