Week 5 4 Factors Affecting Climate

FACTORS AFFECTING
CLIMATE
OBJECTIVES:
AT THE END OF THE LESSON, THE STUDENTS SHOULD
BE ABLE TO:
a. define climate;
b. identify the factors affecting climate;and
c. relate the factors affecting climate in a certain
place or area in terms of their ways of life,
livelihood and topography.
CLIMATE - THE OVERALL
CONDITION OF AN AREA OVER A
LONG PERIOD OF TIME
1.Why is it that during
summer many people
visit Baguio City?
2. Why do mountain
climbers wear jackets
and thick clothes when
they go up the
mountain?
2. ALTITUDE- THE HEIGHT ABOVE SEA LEVEL
● The air temperature decreases as the altitude increases.
● For every 1000m, there is a drop of 6.5 degree Celsius.

● At higher elevations, there is less air. The air molecules are
farther apart, thus making the air molecules less dense.
● Light air cannot absorb much heat,
making air temperature lower.
● The decrease in air temperature is

due to increase in air pressure.
TOPOGRAPHY - THE SURFACE
2.
FEATURES OF AN AREA.
■ Mountainous areas greatly affect the
amount of precipitation in a certain
region.
■ The area in which the wind blow is
called the WINDWARD SIDE.
■ Here the wind is blocked by the
mountain, forcing it to move
upward. As it moves up, the water
vapor condenses and forms clouds.
This will result to precipitation on
the windward side.
■ The air moves down
towards the opposite
region called the
LEEWARD SIDE. The area
near the leeward side
becomes dry and has less
precipitation.
■ The dry region on the
leeward side is called
RAIN SHADOW.
1. Which part of the mountain has more vegetation?
A. top B. leeward C. sideward D. windward
2. Which statement BEST describes topography?

A. It is the total distance above sea level.
B. It is the side of the mountain that experiences floods.
C. It is the curve of the earth and the distance from equator.
D. It is the physical attribute, surface shapes and features of an area.
3. What do you call the physical attributes, surface shapes and features of
a particular area?
A. altitude B. latitude C. seismograph D. topography
4. During summer, many people visit Baguio because of
the cold weather. What do you think makes Baguio cold?
A. latitude B. altitude C. topography D. distance from the
ocean
5. Why do mountain climbers bring thick jackets when
they go up the mountain?
A. The temperature increases as the altitude increases.
B. The temperature decreases as the altitude increases.
C. The altitude increases as the temperature increases.
D. The altitude decreases as the temperature increases.
3. SURROUNDING BY THE BODIES OF WATERS
“The bodies of water that will help to circulate the movement

of cold and warm air.”
The climate of the place is influenced by the surrounding
bodies of water. Soil absorbs heat faster than water. At
the same time, soil releases heat faster compared to
water.
These slow absorption and release of heat by the body
of water greatly affect the climate.
3. SURROUNDING BY THE BODIES OF WATERS
Because soil heats up faster than water, air temperature

above the sea is lower than above ground during day
time.
Warm air thus moves out from land to sea, slowing down
the rise of air temperature above land. Thus, places
without a body of water nearby tend to have higher air
temperature during day time.
At night, soil cools down faster than water, so the air
temperature above ground is lower than that above the
sea
Why
temperature of
water rises or
falls more
slowly than
soil?
Guide questions:
1. What are the different ocean currents that carry warm

water? Give at least three examples.
2. What are the different ocean currents that carry cold
water? Give at least three examples.
3. What kind of air does Greenland Current take along?
Explain
4. How do the Kamchatka Current and Kuroshio Current
affect the northeastern part and southern part of Japan?
5. How do ocean currents affect climate?
4. OCEAN CURRENTS
OCEAN CURRENTS
are the continuous and
directional movement of
ocean created by the wind
friction, water density,
earth’s rotation, solar
energy, and gravity
variation in different parts
of the ocean.
(MAP ACTIVITY ABOVE )
shows different loops or gyres
of surface currents around the
world.
In the northern hemisphere,

the current flows in a
clockwise direction.
On the other hand, in the
southern hemisphere, the
current flows in
counterclockwise direction.
(Coriolis Effect.)
Ocean currents that flow away from the equator carries
warm water. The air above the warm water has higher
temperature.
* When ocean currents that bring cold water move towards a
coastal region, the temperature of that area decreases as
warmer air from the land flows to the sea resulting in a cold
climate.
When warm ocean currents that take along warm water go
to a land mass, the temperature of that place increases as
warmer air above the water flows inland, resulting in a
warm climate..
Warm currents that
move from the equator
towards the poles
carry warm water.
On the other hand,

cold currents that
travel from the poles
towards the equator
carry cold water.
Example the southwestern parts of Singapore
and Indonesia have lower temperature because of
the cold air brought by West Australian Current.
* Tropic of
cancer,
*Antarctic circle,
*Equator,
*Tropic of
Capricorn,
*Arctic Circle
* Tropic of
cancer,
*Antarctic circle,
*Equator,
*Tropic of
Capricorn,
*Arctic Circle
Tell whether if it is a polar , temperate or
tropical zone.
1. Brazil 6. Australia
2. Malaysia 7. Iceland
3. Costa Rica 8. Poland
4. South Korea 9. Peru
5. Norway 10. New Zealand
Tell whether if it is a polar , temperate or
tropical zone.
1. Argentina 6. Australia
2. Malaysia 7. Iceland
3. Costa Rica 8. Poland
4. South Korea 9. Peru
5. Greenland 10. New Zealand
Guide Questions:
Q1. How much is the tilt of the earth’s axis?
Q2. Which part of the earth receives most of the sun’s rays?
Q3. Why does the amount of heat receive by places far from
the equator become less?
Q4. Why are the coldest places on earth found near the poles?
Q5. Why are places with high temperature found at the
equator?
Q6. How does latitude affect climate?
5. LATITUDE IS THE DISTANCE NORTH OR SOUTH OF
THE EQUATOR.
-IT’S MEASURED IN DEGREES, FROM 0° TO 90°.
● Sun rays strike vertically
near the equator.This
makes the temperature
higher in these areas,
resulting in warm climate.
● Places that are not always
vertically hit by sun’s rays
experience cold climate.
● When the area is
farther from the
equator, the air
temperature is lower.
● When the area is
closer to the equator,
the air temperature is
higher.

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FACTORS AFFECTING

● The air temperature decreases as the altitude increases.

● For every 1000m, there is a drop of 6.5 degree Celsius.

● The decrease in air temperature is

2. Which statement BEST describes topography?

“The bodies of water that will help to circulate the movement

Because soil heats up faster than water, air temperature

1. What are the different ocean currents that carry warm

In the northern hemisphere,

On the other hand,

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