Units N Measurements

Chapter 29
Units and Measurements
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)
1. If n is the numerical value of a physical quantity in the system in which its unit is u, then which of the following
relations is correct?
u  constant
(1) n  constant (2) (3) nu = constant (4) n2u = constant
u n
Sol. Answer (3)
1
n
u
 nu = constant
2. The density of wood is 0.5 in C.G.S. system of units. The corresponding value in M.K.S. unit is
(1) 500 (2) 0.5 (3) 5 × 10–2 (4) 5000
Sol. Answer (1)
Density  = 0.5 g/cc
0.5  10 3 kg
=
(10 2 )3 m3
= 5  10 2 kg m3
3. One nanometre is equal to

(1) 109 mm (2) 10–6 cm (3) 10–7 cm (4) 10–9 cm
Sol. Answer (3)
1 nm = 10–9 m = 10–7 cm
4. SI unit of pressure is
(1) Pascal (2) dynes/cm2 (3) cm of Hg (4) Atmosphere
Sol. Answer (1)
Pascal = newton/m2
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Solutions of Assignment Units and Measurements 191
5. The unit of angular acceleration in the SI system is
(1) N kg–1 (2) ms–2 (3) rad s–2 (4) m kg–1 K
Sol. Answer (3)
Angular acceleration = change in angular velocity/t
6. A dimensionally correct equation ________ be a correct equation, and a dimensionally incorrect equation
________ be incorrect. The words (in order) to be filled in the blank spaces are
(1) must, must (2) must, may (3) may, may (4) may, must
Sol. Answer (4)

There are many quantities which have same dimension hence due to this reason it may be possible that an
equation which is dimensionally correct is incorrect. e.g.,

Kinetic energy = r  F
is dimensionally correct but it is an incorrect relation.
7. Which of the two have same dimensions?

(1) Force and strain (2) Force and stress
(3) Angular velocity and frequency (4) Energy and strain
Sol. Answer (3)
Angular velocity and frequency have dimension of [M0L0T–1].
1 2
8. Obtain the dimensions of K in the equation W  Kx . Here, W is work, while x is change in length.
2
(1) [M1L0T–2] (2) [M0L1T–1] (3) [M1L1T–2] (4) [M1L0T–1]

Sol. Answer (1)
K = [ML2T–2]/[L2] = [ML0T–2].
9. The physical quantities not having same dimensions are

(1) Pressure and energy density (2) Torque and work
(3) Momentum and Planck's constant (4) Stress and Young's modulus
Sol. Answer (3)
[h] = [ML2T–1] while [p] = [MLT–1]
10. The linear momentum p of a particle is given as a function of time t as p = At2 + Bt + C. The dimensions of
constant B are
(1) [M L–1 T–1] (2) [M L–1 T–2] (3) [M L T–2] (4) [M L T–1]
Sol. Answer (3)
p = At2 + Bt + C
 [MLT–1] = B × [T]
B = [MLT–2]
192 Units and Measurements Solutions of Assignment
11. The kinetic energy of a particle depends on the square of speed of the particle. If error in measurement of speed
is 30%, the error in the measurement of kinetic energy will be
(1) 30% (2) 60% (3) 69% (4) 15%
Sol. Answer (3)
2
⎛ 13v ⎞
⎜ 10 ⎟  v
2
kf  k i ⎝ ⎠
% change in kinetic energy =  100   100 = 69%
ki v2
  x
12. In the relation P  e nR , P is power, x is distance n is number of moles, R is gas constant and  is

temperature. The dimensional formula of  is
(1) [M0L0T0] (2) [M1L0T1] (3) [M0L–1T1] (4) [M0L–1T–1]
Sol. Answer (3)
nR  joule  joule sec sec

  ⇒   
x metre p metre joule metre
13. The frequency of vibration f of a mass m suspended from a spring of spring constant k is given by a relation
f = cmx ky; where c is a dimensionless quantity. The value of x and y are
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(1) x  ,y  (2) x   ,y   (3) x  ,y   (4) x   ,y 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sol. Answer (4)

1 1
f = cmx.ky Þ [T–1] = [Mx] [MT–2]y  [T–1] = [Mx+yT–2y], x   , y 
2 2
⎛t ⎞
14. Given that y  a sin ⎜  qx ⎟ , where t represents time in second and x represents distance in meter. Which
⎝ p ⎠
of the following statement is true?
(1) Dimension of t is same as that of q (2) Dimension of x is same as that of p

(3) Dimension of x is same as that of q (4) Dimension of t is same as that of p
Sol. Answer (4)
Argument of trigonometric function is dimensionless.
15. Imagine a system of units in which the unit of mass is 100 kg, length is 1 km and time is
1 minute. Then 1 joule in this system is equal to
(1) 360 (2) 3.6 (3) 36 × 105 (4) 36 × 10–6
Sol. Answer (4)
1 joule = n units. Or 1 kg m2s–2 = n units
2 2
⎡ kg ⎤ ⎡ 1m ⎤ ⎡ sec ⎤
 n  1⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⇒ n  36  10 6
⎣100 kg ⎦ ⎣1000 m ⎦ ⎣ 60 sec ⎦
16. Frequency is the function of density (), length () and surface tension (T). Then its value is
(1) k 1/2 3/2T 1/2 (2) k 3/2 3/2T 1/2 (3) k 1/2 3/2T 3/4 (4) kT 1/ 2 1/ 2 3/ 2
Sol. Answer (4)
1 1 3
f  k .T a b l c , [ T ] = [MT -2 ], ρ = [ML-3 ] ⇒ a  ,b   ,c  
2 2 2
17. If force (F), length (L) and time (T) are assumed to be fundamental units, then the dimensional formula of the
mass will be
(1) [FL–1T2] (2) [FL–1T–2] (3) [FL–1T–1] (4) [FL2T2]
Sol. Answer (1)
[M] = [Fa] [Lb] [Tc] = [MLT–2]a [Lb] [Tc]  a = 1, b = – 1, c = 2
18. "pascal-second" has dimension of
(1) Force (2) Energy
(3) Pressure (4) Coefficient of viscosity
Sol. Answer (4)
Coefficient of viscosity ‘’ has its unit pascal-second in SI system.
19. Newton-second is the unit of
(1) Velocity (2) Angular momentum (3) Momentum (4) Energy

Sol. Answer (3)
Newton × sec = Impulse = change in Linear momentum.
20. Which of the following is not represented in correct unit?
Stress
(1)  N/m2 (2) Surface tension = N/m
Strain
(3) Energy = kg-m/s (4) Pressure = N/m2
Sol. Answer (3)

Unit of energy is kg m2 s–2
21. A suitable unit for gravitational constant is

(1) kg-m s–1 (2) Nm–1 s (3) Nm2 kg–2 (4) kgm s
Sol. Answer (3)

F = G.m1m2/r2  G = F × r2/m1m2
22. The unit of the coefficient of viscosity in S.I. system is
(1) m/kg-s (2) m-s/kg2 (3) kg/m-s2 (4) kg/m-s
Sol. Answer (4)
A V F x [MLT –2 ] [L]
F  ⇒  2 = [ML–1T –1 ]  [n] = [ML–1 T–1]  kg.m–1s–1
x A V –1
[L ] [LT ]
F L
23. To determine the Young's modulus of a wire, the formula is Y   ; where L = length; A = area of
A L
cross-section of the wire, L = change in length of the wire when stretched with a force F. The conversion
factor to change it from CGS to MKS system is
(1) 1 (2) 10 (3) 0.1 (4) 0.01
Sol. Answer (3)
Conversion factor = dyne.cm–2/newton.m–2 = 0.1
24. If the dimensions of a physical quantity are given by MaLbTc, then the physical quantity will be
(1) Pressure if a = 1, b = – 1, c = – 2 (2) Velocity if a = 1, b = 0, c = – 1
(3) Acceleration if a = 1, b = 1, c = – 2 (4) Force if a = 0, b = – 1, c = – 2
Sol. Answer (1)
Pressure = [ML–1 T–2]
h
25. is the dimension of
2
(1) Velocity (2) Momentum (3) Energy (4) Angular momentum
Sol. Answer (4)
2 is dimensionless and h is Planck’s constant. Whose dimensions are same as that of angular momentum.
26. The dimensions of calorie are
(1) [ML2T–2] (2) [MLT–2] (3) [ML2T–1] (4) [ML2T–3]
Sol. Answer (1)
Calorie is the unit of heat which is a form of energy.
27. The dimensions of universal gravitational constant are
(1) [M–2L2T2] (2) [M–1L3T–2] (3) [ML–1T–2] (4) [ML2T–2]

Sol. Answer (2)
m1m2 F r2 [MLT 2 ] [L2 ]

F G ⇒ G  =  [M–1L3 T –2 ]
r2 m1m2 [M2 ]
28. The dimensional formula of angular velocity is
(1) [M0L0T–1] (2) [MLT–1] (3) [M0L0T1] (4) [ML0T–2]
Sol. Answer (1)
Angular velocity = angular displacement/time interval.
29. The dimensions of power are
(1) [M1L2T–3] (2) [M2L1T–2] (3) [M1L2T–1] (4) [M1L1T–2]
Sol. Answer (1)
Power = work/time
30. The unit of percentage error is

(1) Same as that of physical quantity
(2) Different from that of physical quantity
(3) Percentage error is unit less
(4) Errors have got their own units which are different from that of physical quantity measured
Sol. Answer (3)
31. If A and B are two physical quantities having different dimensions. Then which of the following operations might
be possible?
(1) A + 3B (2) 3A – B (3) A3 + (3B)3 (4) A1/3 × (3B)3
Sol. Answer (4)
According to principle of homogeneity of dimensions, A cannot be added directly to B.
1 s.
32. The least count of a stop watch is The time of 20 oscillations of a pendulum is measured as 25 s. The
5
percentage error in the measurement of time will be
(1) 0.1% (2) 0.8% (3) 1.8% (4) 8%

Sol. Answer (2)
1
Least count = = 0.2 s
5
T = 0.2 s, T = 25 s
0.2
% error =  100 = 0.8%
25
33. Precision in measurement depends on

(1) Zero error (2) Parallax
(3) Least count of instrument (4) Calibration of instrument
Sol. Answer (3)
Precision of an instrument depends on least count because it decides up to how many places after decimal,
quantity can be measured.
34. In an experiment to measure the diameter of a wire using a screw gauge of resolution 0.001 cm, which of the
following may correctly represent the measurement?
(1) 01.235 cm (2) 01.2351 cm (3) 01.24 cm (4) 01.23500 cm
Sol. Answer (1)
The instrument can measure the diameter after three decimal places.
35. A wire has a mass (0.3  0.003) g, radius (0.5 ± 0.005) mm and length (6 ± 0.06) cm. The maximum
percentage error in measurement of density is
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
Sol. Answer (4)
d 0.003 0.005 0.06

 100   100  2   100   100 = 4%
d 0.3 0.5 6
36. The breadth of a thin rectangular sheet is measured as 10.1 cm. The approximate error in the measurement
is
(1) ±1% (2) ±0.5% (3) ±0.1% (4) ±5%
Sol. Answer (1)
Least count = 0.1 cm
 uncertainity = ± 0.1
0.1
   100   1%
10.1
37. The length of a rod is measured by four different instruments and the measurements are reported as
A. 500.0 mm B. 50.0 cm C. 0.500 m D. 5.0 × 10–4 km
We can conclude that
(1) A is most accurate measurement
(2) C is most accurate measurement
(3) A, C and B are equally accurate measurements
(4) The accuracy of all the measurements is the same
Sol. Answer (1)
A has maximum number of significant figures.
38. The density of a cube is found by measuring its mass and the length of its side. If the maximum errors in
the measurement of mass and length are 0.3% and 0.2% respectively, the maximum error in the measurement
of density is
(1) 0.3% (2) 0.5% (3) 0.9% (4) 1.1%

Sol. Answer (3)
If mass of cube is m and length of side is l then
m
density  =
l3
 m l
 3
 m l
 Percentage error in  = percentage error in m + 3 × percentage error in l.
= 0.3 + 3 × 0.2 = 0.9%
39. The percentage error in measurement of a physical quantity m, given by m =  tan , is minimum when
(1)  = 45° (2)  = 90° (3)  = 60° (4)  = 30°
Sol. Answer (1)
dm sec 2 d  2  d 
m   tan  ⇒ dm   sec 2 d  ⇒  100  
m tan  sin2
dm
 100 will be minimum when 2 = 90°  = 45°
m
40. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum in the experiment is recorded as 2.63 s, 2.56 s,
2.42 s, 2.71 s and 2.80 s respectively. The average absolute error is
(1) 0.1 s (2) 0.11 s (3) 0.01 s (4) 1.0 s
Sol. Answer (2)
13.12
Mean value =  2.62 ,
5
0.54
Mean absolute error =  0.11
5
41. A measured value 0.00274 expressed in two significant digits is
(1) 0.0 (2) 0.0028 (3) 0.0027 (4) 2.8 × 10–3
Sol. Answer (3)
As per rounding off rule and significant figure.
0.00274 becomes 0.0027.
42. The number of significant figures in the number 0.010780 × 10–3 are
(1) 67 (2) 5 (3) 7 (4) 4
Sol. Answer (2)
After decimal, zeros are insignificant.
43. 0.205 – 0.2014 can be expressed as
(1) 0.0036 (2) 3.6 × 10–3 (3) 4.0 × 10–3 (4) 4 × 10–3
Sol. Answer (4)
0.205 has least number of significant digits after decimal and equals to 3 which is obtained in option (4).
44. If speed of light is 3.00 × 108 m/s and 1 year = 365.25 days, then 1 light year is
(1) 9.468 × 1015 m (2) 9.47 fm (3) 9.47 × 1015 m (4) 9.46 × 1015 m
Sol. Answer (3)
Calculation is done upto two places after the decimal according to rule of significant figure.
45. There are two Vernier calipers both of which have 1 cm divided into 10 equal divisions on the main scale. The
Vernier scale of one of the calipers (C1) has 10 equal divisions that correspond to 9 main scale divisions. The
Vernier scale of the other caliper (C2) has 10 equal divisions that correspond to 11 main scale divisions. The
readings of the two calipers are shown in the figure. The measured values (in cm) by calipers C1 and C2,
respectively, are [JEE(Advanced)-2016]
2 3 4 2 3 4
C1 C2
0 5 10 0 5 10
(1) 2.87 and 2.87 (2) 2.87 and 2.83 (3) 2.85 and 2.82 (4) 2.87 and 2.86
Sol. Answer (2)
For vernier calliper 1 :
10 VSD = 9 MSD
9
 1 VSD = MSD
10
L.C = 1 MSD – 1 VSD
1 1
 MSD = mm
10 10
Reading = MSR + number of line coinciding [L.C]
1
 2.8  7   2.87 mm
10
For vernier calliper 2 :

10 VSD = 11 MSD
1 VSD = 1.1 MSD
Now,
Reading = MSR + 8MSD – 7VSD
1
 2.8  8  – 7  1.1
10
= 2.83 mm
46. A person measures the depth of a well by measuring the time interval between dropping a stone and receiving
the sound of impact with the bottom of the well. The error in his measurement of time is T = 0.01 seconds
and he measures the depth of the well to be L = 20 meters. Take the acceleration due to gravity g = 10 ms–2
and the velocity of sound is 300 ms–1. Then the fractional error in the measurement, L/L, is closest to
[JEE(Advanced)-2017]
(1) 1% (2) 5% (3) 3%(4) 0.2%
Sol. Answer (1)
2L
t1 =
g
L
t2 =
V
L t2
 T = t1 + t2 t1
2L L
 T= 
g V
2 1 1
 T =  L  L
g 2 L V
⎛ 1 1 1 ⎞
 0.01 = ⎜   ⎟ L
⎝ 5 2  20 300 ⎠
⎛ 1 1 ⎞
 0.01 = ⎜  ⎟ L
⎝ 20 300 ⎠
(15  1)
 0.01 = L
300
0.01  300
 L =
16
L 3
  100 =  100 = 1%
L 16  20
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (More than one option are correct)
1. A length of 5.0 × 101 cm when converted into meter can be written as
(1) 0.5 m (2) 0.50 m (3) 5.0 × 10–1 m (4) 5.00 × 10–1 m
Sol. Answer (2, 3)
Answer should have two significant figures because 5.0 × 10–2 cm has two significant figure.
2. Which of the following units can possibly be a unit of time?

(1) Leap year (2) Tropical year (3) Sidereal year (4) Light year
Sol. Answer (1, 2, 3)
Out of the given units, light year is the unit of length.

3. A dimensionless quantity
(1) May have a unit (2) Must have a unit

(3) May not have a unit (4) Must not have a unit
Sol. Answer (1, 3)

Angle has a unit but no dimension.
4. Which of the following functions of A and B cannot be performed if A and B possess different dimensions?
A
(1) A + B (2) A – B (3) (4) None of these
B
Sol. Answer (1, 2)

Addition / subtraction is performed with quantities of same dimensions only.
5. If the dimensions of length are expressed as Gxcyhz; which G, c and h are the universal gravitational constant,
speed of light and Plank’s constant respectively then
1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1
(1) x  ,y  (2) x ,z  (3) y  ,z  (4) y   , z 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sol. Answer (2, 4)

[G] = [M–1L3T–2], [c] = [LT–1],
[h] = [ML2T–1],
[L] = [M–x+z, L3x + y + 2z T–2x – y – z]
1 3 1
 x= ,y=– ,z=
2 2 2
6. The equation of a stationary wave is
y  2 A sin⎛⎜ 2ct ⎞⎟ cos ⎛⎜ 2x ⎞⎟.

⎝  ⎠ ⎝  ⎠
Which of the following is correct?
(1) Unit of ct is same as that of  (2) Unit of x is same as that of 
2x
(3) Unit of 2c is same as that of
c x
(4) Unit of is same as that of
 t  
⎛ 2ct ⎞ ⎛ 2x ⎞
y  2 A sin ⎜ ⎟ cos ⎜ ⎟
⎝  ⎠ ⎝  ⎠
In sin x and cos x, x should be dimensionless.
 unit of ct = unit of 
also unit of x = unit of 
2ct 2x
∵ dimension of = dimension of
 
2c x
 unit of 
 t
a  bc .
7. A dimensionless quantity y is represented by the formula y  Which of following is/are correct?
d e
(1) Dimensions of d and e are same (2) abc and de have same dimensions
bc
(3) is dimensionless (4) de + bc is not meaningful
ae  d
a  bc
y
d e
1. Quantities of same dimensions only can be added or subtracted.

2. y is dimensionless therefore
dimensions of a = dimension of bc = dimension of d = dimension of e
i.e., a = bc = d = e
 dimension of abc = dimension de
de and bc have different dimensions.
8. Let y = A sin (t – kx) represent the variation of distance y of a particle with time t. Which of the following is
not meaningful?
y At
A 
y 
(1)  (2) (3) A – kx (4)
A  kx k
y
is dimensionless while  has dimension [T 1 ] therefore cannot be added.
A
Similarily dimension of A  dimension of kx.

and dimension of A  dimension of .
k
9. The radius of a spherical ball is (10.4 ± 0.4) cm. Select the correct alternative
(1) The percentage error in radius is 3.9% (2) The percentage error in radius is 0.4%
(3) The percentage error in volume is 11.5% (4) The absolute error in volume is 1.2 cm3
Sol. Answer (1, 3)

R = (10.4 ± 0.4) cm
0.4 11
The percentage error in radius =  100 = 3.85%  %
10.4 3
4 3
Volume V = r
3
 % error in volume = 3 × percentage error in radius
11
=3× = 11%
3
10. A voltmeter has a least count of 0.1 V and an ammeter has a least count of 0.1 A. The potential drop V across
a resistance is measured as 10.0 V and current through it is measured as 1.0 A. Select the correct alternative
(1) The value of R is (1.0 ± 0.1) × 101 
1
(2) The relative error in measurement of current is
10
(3) The accuracy in measurement of potential drop is 1

100
(4) The value of R is (10 ± 0.2) 

V = (10.0 ± 0.1) V
i = (1.0 ± 0.1) A
v
R= = 10
i
v i 0.1 0.1
% error in R =  100   100   100   100 = 1 + 10 = 11%
v i 10.0 1.0
 R = (10.0 + 1.1)  = (1 ± 0.1) 101 

11. Planck's constant h, speed of light c and gravitational constant G are used to form a unit of length L and a
unit of mass M. Then the correct option(s) is(are) [JEE(Advanced)-2015]
(1) M  c (2) M  G (3) L  h (4) L  G

G = M–1L3T–2
c = LT–1
h = ML2T–1
L = [Gh]a[c]b
L = [L5T–3]a[LT–1]b
 –3a – b = 0
5a + b = 1
2a = 1
1
a
2
1 1 3
 [L]  [G] 2 [h] 2 [c ] 2
1
i.e., L  G , L  h , L 
c c
Now, M = [G]a[c]b[h]c
 M = [M–1L3T–2]a[LT–1]b[ML2T–1]c
 1 = –a + c
 a=c–1
Also, 3a + b + 2c = 0
 b + 5c = 3
Also, 2a + b + c = 0  3c + b = 2
1 1 1
 c a b
2 2 2
1
 M , M  c, M  h
G
12. Consider a Vernier callipers in which each 1 cm on the main scale is divided into 8 equal divisions and a screw
gauge with 100 divisions on its circular scale. In the Vernier callipers, 5 divisions of the Vernier scale coincide
with 4 divisions on the main scale and in the screw gauge, one complete rotation of the circular scale moves
it by two divisions on the linear scale. Then [JEE(Advanced)-2015]
(1) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the least count of the Vernier callipers, the least count of the screw
gauge is 0.01 mm
(2) If the pitch of the screw gauge is twice the least count of the Vernier callipers, the least count of the screw
gauge is 0.005 mm
(3) If the least count of the linear scale of the screw gauge is twice the least count of the Vernier callipers,
the least count of the screw gauge is 0.01 mm
(4) If the least count of the linear scale of the screw gauge is twice the least count of the Vernier callipers,
the least count of the screw gauge is 0.005 mm
Sol. Answer (2, 3)
For vernier,
1
5VSD = 4MSD = 4  cm
8
 5VSD = 5 mm
 1VSD = 1 mm
Least count = 1MSD – 1VSD
10
= mm  1 mm
8
1
 Least count = mm
4
1
(2) Now, Pitch = 2  mm
4
Pitch 1
Least count = =  0.005 mm
CSD 2  100
1
(3) When least count of linear scale = 2  mm
4
1
 Pitch = 2   1 mm
2
1
Now, least count =  0.01 mm
100
13. A length-scale (l) depends on the permittivity () of a dielectric material, Boltzmann constant (kB), the absolute
temperature (T), the number per unit volume (n) of certain charged particles, and the charge (q) carried by each
of the particles. Which of the following expression(s) for l is(are) dimensionally correct?
[JEE(Advanced)-2016]
⎛ nq 2 ⎞ ⎛ k T ⎞
(1) l  ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ (2) l  ⎜⎜ B2 ⎟⎟
⎝ kBT ⎠ ⎝ nq ⎠
⎛ q2 ⎞ ⎛ q2 ⎞
(3) l  ⎜⎜ 2/3 ⎟⎟ (4) l  ⎜⎜ 1/3 ⎟⎟
⎝ n kBT ⎠ ⎝ n kBT ⎠
Sol. Answer (2, 4)
⎡ q2 ⎤
[Energy] = [kBT] = ⎢ ⎥
⎣⎢ 0 l ⎦⎥
⎡ 0 kBT ⎤ ⎡1⎤
⎢ 2 ⎥⎢ ⎥
⎣ q ⎦ ⎣l ⎦
0 kBT q2
 l and l  are dimensionally correct.
nq 2 0 n1/3 kBT
14. In an experiment to determine the acceleration due to gravity g, the formula used for the time period of a periodic
7(R  r )
motion is T  2 . The values of R and r are measured to be (60 ± 1) mm and (10 ± 1) mm,
5g
respectively. In five successive measurements, the time period is found to be 0.52 s, 0.56 s, 0.57 s, 0.54 s,
and 0.59 s. The least count of the watch used for the measurement of time period is 0.01 s. Which of the
following statement(s) is (are) true? [JEE(Advanced)-2016]
(1) The error in the measurement of r is 10% (2) The error in the measurement of T is 3.57%
(3) The error in the measurement of T is 2% (4) The error in the determined value of g is 11%
dr 1
  0.1
r 10
For five measurements of T

<T> = 0.56 second
0.04  0  0.01  0.02  0.03

Average absolute error  = 0.02
5
dT 0.02
 x100   100  3.57%
T 0.56
7(R – r )
T 2  4 2
5g
dg d (R – r ) dT 2
  100   100  2  100   100  2  3.57 = 11%
g (R – r ) T 50
SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension-I
The distance between earth and Sun is nearly 1.496 × 1011 m. This is called astronomical unit (AU). The distance
of planets from Sun are generally expressed in this unit. To measure the distance of a planet which lies between
sun and earth (such planets are called inferior planets) Copernicus method is used. Here, we define the elongation
() of a planet, which is the angle formed at the earth between the earth-planet direction and earth-Sun direction.
Knowing this value  we can estimate the distance of a planet from Sun.
Sun

P ‘AU’
Earth
1. As the planet moves around Sun, the elongation changes. Let the path of the planet be circular. When the
elongation of the planet is maximum, the angle between Sun-planet direction and planet-earth direction is
(1) 0° (2) 90° (3) 45° (4) 180°
Sol. Answer (2)
The elongation will be maximum when line joining planet-earth is tangent to the orbit. Tangent is perpendicular
to radius.
2. Assuming that orbit of planet mercury around Sun to be circular, its orbital radius is found to be
0.38 AU. The angle of maximum elongation for planet mercury is nearly
(1) 30° (2) 38° (3) 22° (4) 68°
Sol. Answer (3)
U
0.38 8A
sin   ⇒   22º 0.3
1
1 AU
3. The Copernicus method for measuring the distance of a planet from Sun is applicable for
(1) All planets except earth (2) Inferior planets
(3) Superior planets (4) Earth only
Sol. Answer (2)
Method is applicable for inferior planets(i.e., planets lying between sun and earth).
Comprehension-II
Consider that readings for measurement of length of an object are a1, a2, a3..., an and absolute errors in each of
the measurement are a1, a2, ...an respectively. The absolute error in measurement of length of object in
experiment can be calculate by two methods.
(i) Average method where absolute error will be given by relation
1 N
Δa = ∑ | Δai |
N i =1
| a1 |  | a2 | ...... | aN |


N
(ii) Standard deviation method where absolute error will be given by relation
1 N
Δa = ∑ (Δai )2
N i =1
a12  a22 ........aN2


N
Now in an experiment, length measurement of the object are 3.9 m, 3.5 m, 3.7m, 3.4 m and 3.5 m.
1. Final value of length of object with proper error limits by standard deviation method will be
(1) (3.6  0.1) m (2) (3.6  0.6) m (3) (3.6  0.4) m (4) (3.6  0.18) m
Sol. Answer (4)
3.9  3.5  3.7  3.4  3.5 (0.3)2  (0.1)2  (0.1)2  (0.2)2  (0.1)2
Here a = = 3.6 m · a = = 0.18 m
5 5
2. Final value of length of object with proper error limits by average method will be
(1) (3.6  0.12) m (2) (3.6  0.16) m (3) (3.6  0.22) m (4) (3.6  0.15) m
Sol. Answer (2)
| a1 |  | a2 |  | a3 |  | a4 |  | a5 |

Use a  = 0.16
5
3. Percentage error in measurement of length of standard deviation method will be
(1) 5% (2) 6.2% (3) 12% (4) 2.98%
Sol. Answer (1)
0.18
  100  5% percentage error in length
3.6
Comprehension-III
In a new system of units, let the units of force energy and velocity be 10 N, 0.1 J and 100 m/s respectively. In
this new system
1. The unit of length is

(1) 0.50 m (2) 1.00 m (3) 10–3 m (4) 10–2 m
Sol. Answer (4)
E 0.1
Length =  unit of length =  10 2 m
F 10
2. The unit of mass is

(1) 10–5 kg (2) 10–3 kg (3) 10–4 kg (4) 10–2 kg
Sol. Answer (1)
|E | 0.1
m 2
 4  105 kg
| v | 10
3. The unit of time is

(1) 102 s (2) 0.5 s (3) 10 s (4) 10–4 s
Sol. Answer (4)
[T] = [F–1 E v–1]  Now unit of T = 10–4 s
Comprehension-IV
t
The energy 'E' of a particle varies with time t according to the equation E  E0 sin(t ).e x ; where x is displacement
from mean position E0 is energy at infinite position and  &  are constants.
1. Dimensional formula of  is
(1) [M0 L0 T–1] (2) [M–1 L0 T0] (3) [M0 L–1 T0] (4) [M0 L0 T0]
Sol. Answer (1)
[t] = [M0L0T0] [] = [M0L0T–1]
2. Dimensions of  are
(1) [M–1 L0 T0] (2) [M0 L–1 T0] (3) [M0 L0 T–1] (4) [M0 L0 T0]
Sol. Answer (2)
[t] = [x] = [M0L0T0]   = [M0L–1T0]
⎛ t ⎞
3. Dimensions of sin ⎜ ⎟ are
⎝ x ⎠
1 0 0
(1) [M L T ] (2) [M0 L1 T0] (3) [M0 L0 T0] (4) Invalid expression
Sol. Answer (3)
Trigonometric functions are dimensionless.
Comprehension-V
In electromagnetic theory, the electric and magnetic phenomena are related to each other. Therefore, the dimensions
of electric and magnetic quantities must also be related to each other. In the question below, [E] and [B] stand
for dimensions of electric and magnetic fields respectively, while [0] and [0] stand for dimensions of the permittivity
and permeability of free space respectively. [L] and [T] are dimensions of length and time respectively. All the
quantities are given in SI units. [JEE(Advanced)-2018]
1. The relation between [E] and [B] is
(1) [E] = [B] [L] [T] (2) [E] = [B] [L]–1 [T]
(3) [E] = [B] [L] [T]–1 (4) [E] = [B] [L]–1 [T]–1
Sol. Answer (3)
E
v
B
E
 L1T 1
B
[E] = [B] [L] [T]–1
2. The relation between [0] and [0] is
(1) [0] = [0] [L]2 [T]–2 (2) [0] = [0] [L]–2 [T]2
(3) [0] = [0]–1 [L]2 [T]–2 (4) [0] = [0]–1 [L]–2 [T]2
Sol. Answer (4)
1
C
 0 0
1
L2 T 2 
 0 0
[0] = [0]–1[L]–2[T]2
Comprehension-VI
If the measurement errors in all the independent quantities are known, then it is possible to determine the error in
any dependent quantity. This is done by the use of series expansion and truncating the expansion at the first power
of the error. For example, consider the relation z = x/y. If the errors in x, y and z are x, y and z, respectively,
1 1
x  x x ⎛ x ⎞ ⎛ y ⎞ ⎛ y ⎞
then z  z   1 ⎜1  ⎟ . The series expansion for ⎜ 1  ⎟
y  y y ⎜⎝ x ⎟⎠ ⎝
, to first power in
y ⎠ ⎝ y ⎠
y / y , is 1 ∓ ( y / y ). The relative errors in independent variables are always added. So the error in z will be
⎛ x y ⎞
z  z ⎜  ⎟.
⎝ x y ⎠
The above derivation makes the assumption that x / x 1, y / y 1. Therefore, the higher powers of these
quantities are neglected. [JEE(Advanced)-2018]
(1  a )
1. Consider the ratio r  to be determined by measuring a dimensionless quantity a. If the error in the
(1  a )
measurement of a is a (a/a << 1), then what is the error r in determining r ?
a 2a 2a 2aa

(1) 2 (2) 2 (3) 2 (4)
(1  a ) (1  a ) (1  a ) (1  a 2 )
Sol. Answer (2)
1 a
r 
1 a
ln r = ln(1 – a) – ln(1 + a)
r a a
 
r 1 a 1 a
r 2a

r 1  a2
r 2( a )
(1  a ) 
(1  a ) (1  a 2 )
2a
r 
(1  a )2
2. In an experiment the initial number of radioactive nuclei is 3000. It is found that 1000 ± 40 nuclei decayed in
the first 1.0 s. For |x| << 1, ln(1 + x) = x up to first power in x. The error , in the determination of the decay
constant , in s–1, is
(1) 0.04 (2) 0.03 (3) 0.02 (4) 0.01
Sol. Answer (3)
Let number of nuclei decayed be N.
N = N0(1 – e–t)
⎛ N0 ⎞
t  ln ⎜ ⎟
⎝ N0  N ⎠
t = lnN0 – ln(N0 – N)
dN
(  )t 
(N0  N )
40
(  )  = 0.02 s–1
(3000  1000)
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. STATEMENT-1 : All instrumental errors are random errors.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Some of the readings taken using an instrument may be more and some of the readings may
be lesser than the actual value of the physical quantity.
Sol. Answer (4)
Instrumental errors are not always random errors.
2. STATEMENT-1 : Diameter of a cylinder measured using a Vernier calliper is more precise than that measured
using a meter scale.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Least count of vernier calliper is lesser than least count of a meter scale.
Sol. Answer (1)
Smaller the least count more is accuracy.
3. STATEMENT-1 : A dimensionless quantity may have a unit.

and
STATEMENT-2 : A constant may not be unitless.
Sol. Answer (2)
Angle has no dimension but has unit. Gravitational constant has unit.
4. STATEMENT-1 : Work done by a force on a body can be added to kinetic energy of the body.
and
STATEMENT-2 : By principle of homogeneity, any two physical quantities which are added must have same
dimensions.
Sol. Answer (1)
Quantities of same dimensions only can be added.
5. STATEMENT-1 : The final result obtained after a number of calculations is rounded off to a proper number of
significant figures.
and
STATEMENT-2 : No final result can have more accuracy than the original data from which it was derived.
Sol. Answer (1)
During calculations, number of significant figures, change which is inappropriate. So, rounding off is required.
6. STATEMENT-1 : Method of dimension cannot be used for deriving formula containing trigonometrical ratios.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Trigonometrical ratios have no dimension.
Sol. Answer (1)
Dimensional analysis can be used for deriving relation among physical quantities having dimensions.
7. STATEMENT-1 : The mass of an object is 132 kg. The number of significant figures in this measurement is 3.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The same mass when expressed in gram as 132000 g has six significant figures.
Sol. Answer (3)
Number of significant figure will not be changed:
8. STATEMENT-1 : When the unit for measurement of a quantity is changed, its numerical value changes.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Smaller the unit of measurement, smaller is its numerical value.
Sol. Answer (3)
Unit of measurement is inversely proportional to the magnitude.
9. STATEMENT-1 : Dimensional constants are the quantities whose values are constant.
and
STATEMENT-2 : Quantities which are dimensionless are known as dimensional constants.
Sol. Answer (3)
Quantities (of constant values) having dimensions are dimensional constants. Dimensionless constant do not
have dimensions
10. STATEMENT-1 : In the expression y = A sin(kx – t), dimensions of  must be reciprocal of that of t.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The expression (kx – t) must be dimensionless.
Sol. Answer (1)
Trigonometric functions and argument of trigonometric functions are always dimensionless.
SECTION - E
Matrix-Match Type Questions
1. Column II gives some equations. In these equations x is distance, t is time, m is mass, v is velocity u is initial
velocity and F is force. Match the statements in Column I to the equations in Column II.
Column I Column II
(A) a and b have same dimensions (p) F  ax  c

at 2  bx 2
a a/b
(B) Dimensional formula of a is [MLT–1] (q) v  e
b
⎛ vb  x ⎞
(C) Dimensional formula of b is [M0L0T1] (r) ⎜⎝ 2 2 ⎟⎠  constant
a t
a2 ⎛a x ⎞
(D) Equation is dimensionally inconsistent (s) v  sin ⎜  ⎟
b ⎝ u tu ⎠
mv
a 
(t) F e a
b
Sol. Answer A(r, s), B(t), C(r, t), D(p, q)
ax  c
(p) F  F   LT 2 
at 2  bx 2
⎡a ⎤
(q) Above equation will give two different value of ⎢ ⎥
⎣b⎦
(r) [b] = [a] = [T1]
(s) [a] = LT–1
⎡ a2 ⎤
⎢ ⎥  LT ⇒  b   LT
1 1
⎣b⎦
(t) [a] = MLT–1 [b] = T1
2. Match the entries in column I and column II with same dimensional formula.
Column I Column II
(A) Surface tension (p) Energy per unit area
(B) Pressure (q) Energy per unit volume
(C) Young's modulus (r) Energy × time
(D) Angular momentum (s) Spring constant
(t) Planck's constant
Sol. Answer A(p, s), B(q), C(q), D(r, t)
[Surface tension] = [Energy per unit area] = [Spring constant] = M1L0T–2
[Pressure] = [Energy density] = [Young’s Modulus] = ML–1T–2
[b] = [Angular momentum] = [Energy × time] = ML2T–1
3. Match the following

Column I Column II
(A) Angular Momentum (p) [ML2 T–2]
(B) Latent heat (q) [M0LT–3]
(C) Torque (r) [ML2 T–1]
(D) Velocity gradient (s) [M0L0T–1]
(E) Time rate of change of acceleration (t) [L2T–2]
Sol. Answer A(r), B(t), C(p), D(s), E(q)
4. Taking linear momentum (P), length (L) and time (T) to be fundamental quantities, relate quantities in the
columns
Column I Column II
(A) Density (p) [PL0T–1]
(B) Pressure (q) [PLT–1]
(C) Force (r) [PL–2T–1]
(D) Energy (s) [PL–4T]
Sol. Answer A(s), B(r), C(p), D(q)
5. Match the following
Column I Column II
(A) Spring constant (p) [M1L2T–2]
(B) Pascal (q) [M0L0T–1]
(C) Hertz (r) [M1L0T–2]
(D) Joule (s) [M1L–1T–2]
Sol. Answer A(r), B(s), C(q), D(p)
SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions
1. Frequency of sound that can be produced by a pipe depends on length (l) of the pipe, atmospheric pressure
pbd c
(p) and density (d) of air, according to relation  
la
Find the value of (a + b + c).
Sol. Answer (1)
pb d c

la
Equating dimension of both side

b c
⎡M0L0 T 1 ⎤  ⎡ML1T 2 ⎤ ⎡ML3 ⎤ ⎡La ⎤
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0=b+c
0 = –b – 3c – a
–1 = –2b
1
c–
2
1 3
a–  1
2 2
1
b
2
a+b+c=1
2. Find the maximum possible percentage error in the measurement of force on an object (of mass m) travelling
at velocity v in a circle of radius r, if m   4.0  0.1 kg, v  10  0.1 m/s and r   8.0  0.2 m .
Sol. Answer (7)
mv 2
F
r
ln F = ln m + 2 ln v – ln r
For maximum error
F ⎛ m 2v r ⎞
 100  ⎜    100
F ⎝ m v r ⎟⎠
⎛ 0.1 0.1 0.2 ⎞

⎜  2   100
⎝ 4 10 8 ⎟⎠
10 20 20
  
4 10 8
= 2.5 + 2 + 2.5 = ± 7
3. In a new system, the unit of mass is made 10 times, the unit of length is made 1/100 times and unit of time
is made 10 times. Magnitude of 1J in the new system of unit is 10x. What is the value of x ?
Sol. Answer (5)
a b c
⎛ M ⎞ ⎛ L ⎞ ⎛T ⎞ 1
n2  n1 ⎜ 1 ⎟ ⎜ 1 ⎟ ⎜ 1 ⎟ M2 = 10M1, L2  L1 , T2 = 10 T1
⎝ M2 ⎠ ⎝ L2 ⎠ ⎝ T2 ⎠ 100
1 2 2
⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 100 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞
 1⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 10 ⎠ ⎝ 1 ⎠ ⎝ 10 ⎠
1 100  100 100

  
10 1 1
n2  105 ⇒ x  5
4. The least count of a stop watch is 0.4 second. The time of 30 oscillations of a pendulum is measured to be
50 seconds. The maximum percentage error in this measurement is found to be 0.x%. What is the value
of x?
Sol. Answer (8)
t 0.4
Maximum percentage error =  100   100  0.8
t 50
5. The time dependence of a physical quantity P is given by P = P 0 exp(t 2), where  is constant  is
represented as [M0LxT–2] . Find x.
Sol. Answer (0)
[t2] = [M0L0T0]
[] = [M0L0T–2]
6. In a system of units if force (F), acceleration (A) and time (T) are taken as fundamental units, then the
dimensional formula of energy will become [FATx/3]. Find value of x?
Sol. Answer (6)
E = FATx/3
[ML2T–2] = [MLT–2] [LT–2] [Tx/3]
 x=6
7. The length of a pendulum is measured as 20.0 cm. The time interval for 100 oscillations is measured as 90
s with a stop watch of 1 s resolution. Find the approximate percentage change (in g).
Sol. Answer (3)
g l T l t
 100   100  2  100   100  2  100
g l T l t
0.1 1 1 20 49
 100  2   100     2.7 . Rounding off to nearest integer gives 3.
20.0 90 2 9 18
8. To find the distance d over which a signal can be seen clearly in foggy conditions, a railways-engineer uses
dimensional and assumes that the distance depends on the mass density  of the fog, intensity (power/area)
S of the light from the signal and its frequency f. The engineer finds that d is proportional to S1/n. The value
of n is [JEE(Advanced)2014]
Sol. Answer (3)
dB = asbfc
M0L1T0 = MaL–3a × MbT–3bT–c
= Ma + bL–3aT–3b – c
a + b = 0, –3a = 1
1 1
 a ,b
3 3
 n=3
9. The energy of a system as a function of time t is given as E(t) = A2 exp(–t), where  = 0.2 s–1. The
measurement of A has an error of 1.25%. If the error in the measurement of time is 1.50%, the percentage
error in the value of E(t) at t = 5 s is [JEE(Advanced)-2015]
Sol. Answer (4)
E = A2e–t
A
 100  1.25%
A
t
 100  1.5%
t
Taking log and differentiating, we get
E ⎛ A ⎞
 2⎜ ⎟  t
E ⎝ A ⎠
E A
 100  2   100  t  100
E A
= 2 × 1.25 + (0.2)(1.5) × 5
= 2.50 + 1.5
= 4%
SECTION - G
Multiple True-False Type Questions
1. STATEMENT-1 : The accuracy in final result of an experiment is always less than the accuracy of any one
of the quantities used to find it.
STATEMENT-2 : The precision with which you can report any reading depends on least count of measuring
instrument.
STATEMENT-3 : Making a number of readings of a given quantity and taking an average will reduce the
systematic errors.
(1) T F T (2) T T T (3) F F T (4) T T F
Sol. Answer (4)
Systematic errors have same direction. So, averaging out does not reduce them.
2. STATEMENT-1 : Two quantities with different dimensions may have same unit.
STATEMENT-2 : Two quantities with different units may have same dimensions.
STATEMENT-3 : Unitless quantities must be dimensionless too.
(1) T F T (2) T F F (3) T T T (4) F T T
Sol. Answer (4)
Angle and solid angle have different unit but same dimension.
3. STATEMENT-1 : Dimensional constants are the quantities whose values are constant.
STATEMENT-2 : Dimensional constants are dimensionless.
STATEMENT-3 : Universal gravitational constant (G) is a dimensional constant.
(1) T F F (2) T F T (3) T T F (4) F T T
Sol. Answer (2)
Dimensional constants have dimensions and have constant value.
4. STATEMENT-1 : Number of significant figures in 0.007 is one and that in 0.700 is three.
STATEMENT-2 : All zero's in a number are significant.
STATEMENT-3 : Length of a rod is measured as 100 m. The number of significant figures in this measurement
is 2.
(1) T F T (2) FFT (3) TFF (4) FTT
Sol. Answer (3)
No. of SF in number 100 m is ONE.
5. STATEMENT-1 : The dimensional formula for relative velocity is same as that of the change in velocity.
STATEMENT-2 : |Relative velocity| = |Change in velocity|.
STATEMENT-3 : In addition or subtraction of two physical quantities of same dimension, the result also have
same dimension only.
(1) T T T (2) FTF (3) TFF (4) TFT
Sol. Answer (4)
Relative velocity is the difference of velocity of two objects.
6. STATEMENT-1 : Velocity gradient has dimensions of frequency.
STATEMENT-2 : Temperature gradient has dimensions of frequency.
STATEMENT-3 : Unit Nm is same as unit mN.
(1) T F F (2) T T F (3) T F T (4) F T T
Sol. Answer (1)
dv dT
Vel. grad = , Temp. grad. = , nm = 10–9 m, mN = 10–3 N
dx dx
SECTION - H
Aakash Challengers Questions
1. The temperature of two bodies measured by a thermometer are t1 = 20°C ± 0.5°C and t2 = 50°C ± 0.5°C.
Calculate the temperature difference and error there in.
Sol. (30°C ± 1°C)
The error will be added.
2. In an experiment, refractive index of glass was observed to be 1.45, 1.56, 1.54, 1.44, 1.54 and 1.53. Calculate
(i) Mean value of refractive index (ii) Mean absolute error
(iii) Fractional error (iv) Percentage error
Express the result in terms of absolute error and percentage error.
Sol. (i) 1.51
(ii) ± 0.043
(iii) ± 0.0285
(iv) ± 2.85%
3. Find density when mass of 9.23 mg occupies a volume of 1.1 m3. Take care of significant figures.
Sol. 8.4 mg/m3
The result will have two significant figures
4. Calculate the focal length of spherical mirror from following observations.

Object distance u = (50.1 ± 0.5) cm and image distance v = (20.1 ± 0.2) cm.
1 1 1 ⎡ v u ⎤
Sol. (14.34 cm  0.14 cm),   , f  f 2 ⎢ 2  2 ⎥
|f | |v | |u | ⎣v u ⎦

5. If power P and linear mass density are related as P = , then find the dimensions of  and .
  2
2
Sol. [] = [M3L0T–3 ], [] = [ML–1].

Since quantities of same dimensions only can be added or subtracted.
6. The kinetic energy of a particle moving along x-axis varies with the distance x of the particle from origin
A  x3
as K = . Write the dimensional formula for A2B.
Bx1/4  C
Sol. Since quantities of same dimensions only can be added or subtracted.

 Dimension of A = dimensions of x3 = [L3]
A
Also dimensions of  dim of K = [ML2T–2]
C
L3
 dimensions of C   M1LT 2
ML2 T 2
1
Now dimensions of C = dimensions of B( x ) 4
M1L1T 2
dimensions of B   ⎡⎣M1L3/4 T 2 ⎤⎦
L1/4
 dimensions of A2B = [L3]2 × [M–1L+3/4T+2] = [M–1L27/4T2]
na bT naT
Mgh
7. P e , where n is number of moles, P is pressure, T is temperature, v0 is volume, M is mass, g

v0
represents acceleration due to gravity and h is height. Find the dimension of a and value of b.
Sol. [ML2T–2–1K–1], b = 1
mgh
[a ]   [ML2 T –2 ], [ab]  [ML2 T –2 ]
nT
8. Speed of light in SI system is 3 × 108 m/s. What is the speed of light in a new system of units in which unit
of length is x km and unit of time is Y millisecond?
⎛Y 2⎞
Sol. ⎜  3  10 ⎟
⎝x ⎠
n1u1 = n2u2
u1
n 2  n1
u2
3  108 ms–1
=
xKM  (Y ms)1
1
3  108 m 3 s
=  Y  10
( x  103 m) s 1
3  102  Y
=
x
42M
9. Spring constant of a spring is calculated using formule K = , where T is time period of vertical oscillation
T2
when mass M is hung with the help of spring to rigid support. If time of oscillation for 10 oscillations is
measured to be 5.0 s and mass M = 0.20 kg, find possible error in spring constant K.
Sol. 2.9 N/m
M 0.20
k  4 2 2
 4 2  2
 42  0.20  4 = 3.2 2 Nm–1
T ⎛ 5.0 ⎞
⎜ 10 ⎟
⎝ ⎠
k M 2T 0.01 2t 1 0.1

      2
k M T 0.20 t 20 5.0
⎡ 1 2⎤
k  3.22 ⎢  ⎥  2.9 N/m
⎣ 20 50 ⎦
a
nRT  RTV
10. Consider the formula p  e . Find the dimensions of a and b. Here, p = pressure, n = no. of
(V  b )
moles, T = temperature, V = volume and R = universal gas constant.
Sol. Answer a = [ML5T–2–1]; b = [M0L3T0]
Joule
[a]  [RTV ]   kelvin. m3
mole. kelvin
= [ML2T–2] [L3]/[]
= [ML5T–2–1]
[b] = [v] = [M0L3T0]
11. Suppose two students trying to make a new measurement system so that they can use it like a code
measurement system and others do not understand it. Instead of taking 1 kg, 1 m and 1 second, as basic
unit they took unit of mass as  kg, the unit of length as  m and unit of times as  second. They called
power in new system as “Aakash”, then find the value of “Aakash” in watt.
Sol. Answer
(2 2 –3)
p = n1u1 = n2u2
n1[M1L21T1–3 ]  n1[M 2 L22T23 ]
2 3
⎡ M ⎤ ⎡ L ⎤ ⎡T ⎤
n1  n2 ⎢ 2 ⎥ ⎢ 2 ⎥ ⎢ 2 ⎥
⎣ M1 ⎦ ⎣ L1 ⎦ ⎣ T1 ⎦
2 3
⎡  kg ⎤ ⎡  m ⎤ ⎡  s ⎤
= ⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ = 2 2–3 watt
⎣ 1kg ⎦ ⎣ m ⎦ ⎣ 1 s ⎦


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Chapter 29

Units and Measurements

3. One nanometre is equal to

Sol. Answer (3)

Sol. Answer (1)

(1) N kg–1 (2) ms–2 (3) rad s–2 (4) m kg–1 K

Sol. Answer (3)

Angular acceleration = change in angular velocity/t

Sol. Answer (4)

is dimensionally correct but it is an incorrect relation.

7. Which of the two have same dimensions?

(1) [M1L0T–2] (2) [M0L1T–1] (3) [M1L1T–2] (4) [M1L0T–1]

9. The physical quantities not having same dimensions are

nR  joule  joule sec sec

Sol. Answer (4)

(1) Dimension of t is same as that of q (2) Dimension of x is same as that of p

Sol. Answer (4)

(1) [FL–1T2] (2) [FL–1T–2] (3) [FL–1T–1] (4) [FL2T2]

Sol. Answer (1)

[M] = [Fa] [Lb] [Tc] = [MLT–2]a [Lb] [Tc]  a = 1, b = – 1, c = 2

18. "pascal-second" has dimension of

(1) Force (2) Energy

(3) Pressure (4) Coefficient of viscosity

Sol. Answer (4)

Coefficient of viscosity ‘’ has its unit pascal-second in SI system.

19. Newton-second is the unit of

(1) Velocity (2) Angular momentum (3) Momentum (4) Energy

Newton × sec = Impulse = change in Linear momentum.

20. Which of the following is not represented in correct unit?

(3) Energy = kg-m/s (4) Pressure = N/m2

Sol. Answer (3)

21. A suitable unit for gravitational constant is

Sol. Answer (3)

22. The unit of the coefficient of viscosity in S.I. system is

(1) m/kg-s (2) m-s/kg2 (3) kg/m-s2 (4) kg/m-s

Sol. Answer (4)

(1) 1 (2) 10 (3) 0.1 (4) 0.01

Sol. Answer (3)

Conversion factor = dyne.cm–2/newton.m–2 = 0.1

(1) Pressure if a = 1, b = – 1, c = – 2 (2) Velocity if a = 1, b = 0, c = – 1

(3) Acceleration if a = 1, b = 1, c = – 2 (4) Force if a = 0, b = – 1, c = – 2

Sol. Answer (1)

Pressure = [ML–1 T–2]

(1) Velocity (2) Momentum (3) Energy (4) Angular momentum

Sol. Answer (4)

26. The dimensions of calorie are

(1) [ML2T–2] (2) [MLT–2] (3) [ML2T–1] (4) [ML2T–3]

Sol. Answer (1)

Calorie is the unit of heat which is a form of energy.

27. The dimensions of universal gravitational constant are

(1) [M–2L2T2] (2) [M–1L3T–2] (3) [ML–1T–2] (4) [ML2T–2]

m1m2 F r2 [MLT 2 ] [L2 ]

28. The dimensional formula of angular velocity is

(1) [M0L0T–1] (2) [MLT–1] (3) [M0L0T1] (4) [ML0T–2]

Sol. Answer (1)

Angular velocity = angular displacement/time interval.

30. The unit of percentage error is

(1) 0.1% (2) 0.8% (3) 1.8% (4) 8%

33. Precision in measurement depends on