DTP

Unit 1
Q1 Write about computer system characteristics and capabilities ?
Ans : computer system is a programmable electronic device that can accept input, store data, and retrieve, process,
and output information. It comprises a central processing unit (CPU), memory, input/output devices, and storage
devices. All these components function together as a single unit to deliver the desired output.
Here are some of the characteristics and capabilities of a computer system:
 Speed:
Computers can perform tasks at incredible speeds, often completing calculations in microseconds.
 Accuracy:
Computers are perfectly accurate - they never make mistakes in calculations and can perform the same task
repeatedly with identical results.
 Diligence:
A computer can perform millions of tasks or calculations with the same consistency and accuracy.
 Versatility:
Computers can perform a wide range of tasks, from simple calculations to complex simulations.
 Reliability:
Computers are reliable as they give consistent results for a similar set of data.
 Memory:
Computers can store vast amounts of data, from documents to multimedia files.
 Automation:
Computers can automate repetitive tasks, which can save time and improve efficiency.
 Remembrance power:
Computers have the ability to store and retrieve large amounts of data quickly and efficiently.
 Upgradability:
Components like RAM, storage, and graphics cards can be upgraded.
However, computers also have some limitations. They cannot think for themselves like human beings, and they
cannot find or correct errors in data. They also require lengthy instructions to process simple data.
Overall, computer systems are powerful tools that can be used for a variety of tasks. They are fast, accurate, and
reliable, and they can be upgraded to meet the changing needs of users.
Q2. Write about generations of computer ?
1. First Generation (1940s-1950s): The first computers used vacuum tubes for processing and magnetic drums
for storage. They were large, expensive, and unreliable.
2. Second Generation (1950s-1960s): The second generation of computers replaced vacuum tubes with
transistors, making them smaller, faster, and more reliable. Magnetic core memory was also introduced,
which was faster and more reliable than magnetic drums.
3. Third Generation (1960s-1970s): The third generation of computers used integrated circuits, which allowed
for even smaller and faster computers. They also introduced magnetic disk storage and operating systems.
4. Fourth Generation (1970s-1980s): The fourth generation of computers saw the introduction of
microprocessors, which made personal computers possible. They also introduced graphical user interfaces
and networking.
5. Fifth Generation (1980s-Present): The fifth generation of computers is still ongoing, and is focused on
artificial intelligence and parallel processing. This generation also saw the development of mobile computing
and the internet.
Each generation of computers has built upon the advancements of the previous generation, leading to the
computers we use today.
Q3. Write about computer organization
Ans : Computer Organization is realization of what is specified by the computer architecture . It deals with how
operational attributes are linked together to meet the requirements specified by computer architecture. Some
organizational attributes are hardware details, control signals, peripherals. The computer organization deals with
 the structure and behavior of digital computers. The main objective of this course is to understand the general
basic structure of computer hardware, including peripheral devices.

Despite the variety and pace in the field of computer science, certain fundamental concepts are applied
consistently at all times. The application of these concepts depends on the current state of technology and the price
/ performance objectives of the designer. The objective of the course is to provide a comprehensive discussion of
the fundamentals of computer organization and architecture and relate them to contemporary design issues.
A computer system is like any other system, it consists of a set of interrelated components. The system is best
characterized in terms of structure, the way they are interconnected, and the function and operation of individual
components. Each main component can be described in more detail by breaking it down into its main sub-
components and describing its structure and function.
Q4 Write about input device ?
In computing, an input device is a piece of equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information
processing system, such as a computer or information appliance. Examples of input devices
include keyboards, computer mice, scanners, cameras, joysticks, and microphones.
Input devices can be categorized based on:
 modality of input (e.g., mechanical motion, audio, visual, etc.)
 whether the input is discrete (e.g., pressing of key) or continuous (e.g., a mouse's position, though digitized into
a discrete quantity, is fast enough to be considered continuous)
 the number of degrees of freedom involved (e.g., two-dimensional traditional mice, or three-dimensional
navigators designed for CAD applications)
Q5 Write about output device
An output device is a computer hardware device that retrieves and presents the result of the inserted input data
from the computer system and further translates that data into human-understandable language. The output or
result is then presented to us in the form of text, visuals, audio or a hard copy (printed on paper).The output
devices can be mainly classified into four categories such as visual, data, print and sound. Based on the type of
output and requirements, different output devices can be attached to the computer systems to retrieve the output
Now let us know the top 10 output devices used for fetching results and information which are known as the
output devices of a computer. Examples of Output Devices are-
Monitor
Printer
Speakers
Headphones
Projector
GPS
Plotter
Braille Embosser
Haptic Devices
3D Printer

Q6: write about storage devices

A storage device is a hardware component that allows you to store and retrieve digital information on your
computer. It provides a means to store data, such as documents, photos, videos, and software, for later use.
There are many different types of storage devices, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some of the
most common types of storage devices include:
 Hard disk drives (HDDs):
HDDs are the most common type of storage device used in computers today. They are relatively inexpensive and
offer a large amount of storage space. However, HDDs are also relatively slow and can be damaged if they are
dropped or bumped.
 Solid-state drives (SSDs):
SSDs are a newer type of storage device that is becoming increasingly popular. SSDs are much faster than HDDs
and are also more durable. However, SSDs are also more expensive than HDDs and offer less storage space.
 Optical storage devices:
 Optical storage devices, such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs, are used to store data that needs to be accessed
infrequently. Optical storage devices are relatively inexpensive and offer a large amount of storage
space. However, they are also relatively slow and can be damaged if they are scratched or smudged.
 Cloud storage:
Cloud storage is a type of storage device that is accessed over the internet. Cloud storage is convenient and can
be accessed from anywhere. However, cloud storage can be expensive and can be slow if you are not connected
to a high-speed internet connection.
The type of storage device that you choose will depend on your specific needs. If you need a large amount of
storage space and don't mind sacrificing speed, then an HDD is a good option. If you need a fast and durable
storage device, then an SSD is a good option. If you need to store data that needs to be accessed infrequently, then
an optical storage device is a good option. If you need a convenient and accessible storage device, then cloud
storage is a good option.
Q7. Write about types of software ?
Ans : Here are some of the different types of software:
 Application software
is designed to help users perform specific tasks, such as creating documents, editing photos, or playing
games. Some examples of application software include Microsoft Word, Adobe Photoshop, and Google Chrome.
 System software
is responsible for managing the computer's hardware and resources. The operating system is a type of system
software. The operating system is responsible for starting up the computer, loading programs, and managing
files. Some examples of operating systems include Windows, macOS, and Linux.
 Utility software
is designed to help users maintain and optimize their computers. Some examples of utility software include
antivirus software, disk defragmenters, and backup software.
 Programming software
is used to create new software applications. Some examples of programming software include C++, Java, and
Python.
 Web development software
is used to create and maintain websites. Some examples of web development software include HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript.
 Database software
is used to create and manage databases. Some examples of database software include MySQL, PostgreSQL, and
Oracle Database.
 Graphics software
is used to create and edit images. Some examples of graphics software include Adobe Photoshop, GIMP, and
Inkscape.
 Video editing software
is used to edit and produce videos. Some examples of video editing software include Adobe Premiere Pro, Final
Cut Pro, and iMovie.
 Audio editing software
is used to edit and produce audio. Some examples of audio editing software include Audacity, Adobe Audition,
and GarageBand.
These are just a few of the many different types of software that are available. The type of software that you need
will depend on your specific needs and requirements.
Q 8 Write about MS office ?
Microsoft Office is a suite of applications designed to help people with productivity and completing common tasks
on a computer. It was developed by Microsoft in 1988 and includes various applications that are used for personal
and professional purposes. The current version of Microsoft Office is 2016.
Some applications of Microsoft Office include:
 MS Word: Used to create text documents. Templates can be created for professional use.
 MS Excel: Used to manage data in spreadsheets.
 MS PowerPoint: Used to create presentations and posters.
 MS Access: Used to manage data in databases.
 MS Outlook: Used as an email client.
  MS Publisher: Used as a desktop publishing app.
 OneDrive: Used as a cloud storage service.
 SharePoint: Used as a web design tool.
 FrontPage: Used as a web design tool.
 MS OneNote: Used as a note-taking app.
 MS Teams: Used as a collaboration tool.
Microsoft Office is a powerful service that helps you unleash your best ideas, get things done, and stay connected
on the go. Simply sign in for a personalized experience and all the most up-to-date Office applications, with new
and enhanced features continually being added.
For system requirements, the monthly subscription-based service available for business, education, and
government organizations, see Microsoft 365 system requirements.
Q9 Write about introduction to ms word ?
Ans . Microsoft Word (MS Word) is a word processing program that is part of the Microsoft Office Suite. It is used to
create, edit, and format documents, such as letters, reports, and resumes. MS Word is one of the most popular word
processing programs in the world, and it is available for both Windows and Mac computers.
MS Word has a wide range of features that make it a powerful tool for creating documents. These features include:
 A variety of font and formatting options
 The ability to insert images, tables, and charts
 The ability to create and edit headers and footers
 The ability to check spelling and grammar
 The ability to save documents in a variety of formats, including PDF and HTML
MS Word is a versatile program that can be used for a variety of tasks. It is a good choice for students,
professionals, and anyone else who needs to create and edit documents.
Here are some of the benefits of using MS Word:
 It is easy to use and has a user-friendly interface.
 It has a wide range of features that make it a powerful tool for creating documents.
 It is compatible with other Microsoft Office programs, such as Excel and PowerPoint.
 It is available for both Windows and Mac computers.
If you are looking for a word processing program that is easy to use and has a wide range of features, then MS
Word is a good choice. It is a versatile program that can be used for a variety of tasks, and it is compatible with
other Microsoft Office programs
Q10 Write about spred sheets
Ans A spreadsheet is a computer application that organizes data in rows and columns. Spreadsheets are used for
accounting, analytics, data presentation, and more. Spreadsheets have many features, including:
 Rows and columns: Rows are the horizontal portion of a spreadsheet, and columns are the vertical portion.
 Formulas: Formulas process data automatically, taking data from a specified area of the spreadsheet and
displaying the output in a new area.
 Pivot tables: Pivot tables are used to summarize large amounts of data.
Spreadsheet users can adjust any stored value and observe the effects on calculated values. This makes the
spreadsheet useful for "what-if" analysis since many cases can be rapidly investigated without manual
recalculation. Modern spreadsheet software can have multiple interacting sheets and can display data either as text
and numerals or in graphical form.
Besides performing basic arithmetic and mathematical functions, modern spreadsheets provide built-in functions
for common financial accountancy and statistical operations. Such calculations as net present value or standard
deviation can be applied to tabular data with a pre-programmed function in a formula.
Spreadsheets are one of the most popular tools available with personal computers. They are used by businesses of
all sizes, as well as by individuals for personal finance and other tasks.
Here are some of the most common uses for spreadsheets:
 Accounting
Spreadsheets are used to track income and expenses, create budgets, and generate financial statements.
 Data analysis
Spreadsheets can be used to analyze data, such as sales data, customer data, or survey results.
 Data presentation
Spreadsheets can be used to create charts and graphs to present data in a visually appealing way.
 Project management
Spreadsheets can be used to track project progress, manage tasks, and create budgets.
 Personal finance
Spreadsheets can be used to track income and expenses, create budgets, and plan for retirement.
Spreadsheets are a versatile tool that can be used for a variety of tasks. If you are looking for a way to organize,
analyze, and present data, then a spreadsheet is a great option.
Q11: Write about ms paint
Microsoft Paint (also known as MS Paint or Paint) is a raster graphics editor that comes with all versions of the
Microsoft Windows operating system. It was first released in November 1985 as part of Windows 1.0. Paint is a
simple program that allows users to create and edit images, and it has become one of the most popular Windows
applications.
Paint has a basic set of features that includes tools for drawing, painting, and editing images. Users can create new
images from scratch or open existing images to edit. Paint includes a variety of brushes, shapes, and colors that
users can use to create their images. Users can also add text to their images, and they can crop, resize, and rotate
their images.
Paint is a relatively simple program to use, and it is a good option for users who are new to image
editing. However, Paint is not as powerful as some other image editing programs, such as Adobe Photoshop. Paint
does not support layers, and it does not have as many features for editing images.
Despite its limitations, Paint is a popular program that is used by millions of people around the world. It is a good
option for users who need a simple program for creating and editing images.
Here are some of the things that you can do with Microsoft Paint:
 Create new images from scratch
 Open and edit existing images
 Add text to images
 Crop, resize, and rotate images
 Draw and paint on images
 Use a variety of brushes, shapes, and colors
 Save images in a variety of formats, including JPEG, GIF, PNG, and BMP
If you are looking for a simple and easy-to-use image editing program, Microsoft Paint is a good option. It is a free
program that comes with all versions of Windows, and it is a good choice for users who are new to image editing.

Unit 2
Q1. Write about introduction to pagemaker ?
Ans Adobe PageMaker was one of the first desktop publishing programs, released in July 1985 for the Apple Macintosh
and in December 1986 for the IBM PC. It was developed by the Aldus Corporation and combined the Macintosh's
graphical user interface with the Apple LaserWriter laser printer. PageMaker helped to popularize both the Macintosh
platform and the Windows environment.
PageMaker was the de facto standard in the graphics arts industry for many years for creating ads, brochures, newsletters
and books of all sizes and kinds. It was superseded by Adobe's InDesign.
PageMaker was the first desktop publishing program to use a graphical user interface, which made it much easier to create
documents than with previous programs. It also included a number of features that were new to desktop publishing, such
as the ability to create multiple columns of text, to wrap text around images, and to use different fonts and sizes.
PageMaker was a major success, and it helped to popularize desktop publishing. It was used by millions of people to
create a wide variety of documents, from simple newsletters to complex books.
Here are some of the features of PageMaker:
 A graphical user interface that makes it easy to create documents
 The ability to create multiple columns of text
 The ability to wrap text around images
 The ability to use different fonts and sizes
 A variety of tools for creating and editing graphics
 The ability to import and export graphics from other programs
 The ability to create PDF files
PageMaker is a powerful tool that can be used to create a wide variety of documents. It is a good choice for anyone who
needs to create professional-looking documents.
 Q2 : Write about concept and application of pagemaker
Ans : PageMaker is one of the first Desktop Publishing (DTP) software introduced three decades
ago. It is a page layout application, commonly used in the Print Media, Publication Industry,
Advertising, Graphic Designing and every other domain where paper printing is a common
practice. With the help of PageMaker application, complex multiple page books, brochures, and
other printable materials can be easily handled by bringing the whole paper layout on a single
sheet that dissolves the confusion of managing hundreds of pages. With this publishing, a Text
Book, Magazine, Novels or even a single page printable publications or brochures and business
cards can be easily handled.
Adobe PageMaker is a desktop publishing program used to create documents with complex layouts of text and graphics. It
was originally released in 1985 and was one of the first desktop publishing applications available for the Macintosh and
IBM PC computers.
PageMaker is used by professionals in the print media, publication industry, advertising, and graphic designing. It is also
used by individuals who want to create high-quality documents for personal or business use.
Some of the applications of PageMaker include:
 Creating brochures, flyers, and newsletters
 Designing magazines and newspapers
 Producing books and reports
 Creating marketing materials, such as sales sheets and presentation slides
 Designing websites and web pages
 Creating artwork and illustrations
 Editing and proofreading documents
PageMaker offers a variety of features that make it a powerful tool for creating professional-looking documents. These
features include:
 A wide range of text and graphic tools, including fonts, shapes, and colors
 The ability to create and edit master pages, which can be used to create consistent layouts for multiple pages
 The ability to import text and graphics from other applications, such as word processors and graphic design programs
 The ability to export documents to a variety of formats, including PDF, EPS, and JPEG
PageMaker is a versatile and powerful tool that can be used to create a wide variety of documents. It is a popular choice
for professionals in the print media, publication industry, advertising, and graphic designing. It is also a good choice for
individuals who want to create high-quality documents for personal or business use.
Q3 write about margins ruler and guides in page maker
Here is some information about margin rulers and guides in Adobe Pagemaker:
Margin rulers are used to define the margins of a page. The margins are the area between the edge of the page and the text
or images. You can set the margins in the Document Setup dialog box.
Ruler guides are used to help you align objects on a page. You can create ruler guides by dragging from the horizontal or
vertical ruler to the desired location on the page. You can also create column guides by choosing Layout > Column
Guides.
To use ruler guides to align objects, choose View > Snap to Guides. Then, drag the objects to the desired location. The
objects will snap to the nearest ruler guide.
You can also use ruler guides to create frames. To do this, drag from the horizontal or vertical ruler to the desired location
on the page. Then, release the mouse button and choose Frame > Create Frame.
Guides are used to help you align objects on a page. You can create guides by dragging from the ruler to the desired
location on the page. You can also create column guides by choosing Layout > Column Guides.
To use guides to align objects, choose View > Snap to Guides. Then, drag the objects to the desired location. The objects
will snap to the nearest guide.
You can also use guides to create frames. To do this, drag from the ruler to the desired location on the page. Then, release
the mouse button and choose Frame > Create Frame.
Here are some tips for using margin rulers and guides in Adobe Pagemaker:
 Use margin rulers to define the margins of your page.
 Use ruler guides to help you align objects on a page.
 Use guides to help you create frames.
 You can use the Snap to Guides feature to help you align objects to ruler guides and guides.
 You can also use the Lock Guides feature to prevent you from accidentally moving ruler guides and guides.
 Q4: Write about drawings tools in pagemaker

Adobe PageMaker is a desktop publishing program that was once the industry standard
for creating ads, brochures, newsletters, and books. PageMaker was discontinued in
2004, but it remains a popular choice for many users. PageMaker has a number of
drawing tools that can be used to create basic shapes, such as lines, circles, polygons,
and boxes.
To use the drawing tools in PageMaker, select the appropriate tool from the Toolbox. The
tool will appear highlighted, and when you move the mouse over the working area of
PageMaker, a crossbar (+) will move across the screen. To draw a shape, click and drag
the mouse. You can also use the keyboard to control the drawing process. For example,
holding down the Shift key while drawing a line will constrain the line to a horizontal or
vertical orientation.
Here is a list of the drawing tools in PageMaker:

 Line tool: Draws straight lines in any direction.

 Constrained line tool: Draws vertical or horizontal lines.
 Rectangle tool: Draws squares and rectangles.
 Ellipse tool: Draws ellipse and circle.
 Polygon tool: Draws polygons.
 Hand tool: Used to scroll pages.
 Text tool: Used to select, type and edit the text.
 Cropping tool: Used to trim the imported graphics.
 Rectangle frame tool: Used to create rectangular placeholders for text and graphics.
The drawing tools in PageMaker are a powerful way to create basic shapes for your
publications. With a little practice, you can use these tools to create a variety of effects,
such as borders, frames, and callouts.
Q5. Write about fills and outlines in pagemaker
A fill is the color or pattern that is contained inside an object in Adobe PageMaker. A stroke is the perimeter of an
object. You can use fills and strokes to add color and visual interest to your documents.
To apply a fill or stroke to an object, select the object and then click the Fill or Stroke button in the Properties panel. You
can also use the Fill and Stroke options in the Element menu.
To change the color of a fill or stroke, click the Color button in the Properties panel or the Element menu. You can then
select a color from the Color Picker. You can also use the Eyedropper tool to select a color from another object on your
page.
To change the pattern of a fill, click the Pattern button in the Properties panel or the Element menu. You can then select a
pattern from the Pattern Library. You can also create your own patterns.
You can also use the Fill and Stroke options to add special effects to your objects. For example, you can add a gradient
fill, a shadow, or a glow.
Here are some tips for using fills and strokes:
 Use fills and strokes to add visual interest to your documents.
 Use different colors and patterns to create a variety of effects.
 Use the Eyedropper tool to select colors from other objects on your page.
 Use the Fill and Stroke options to add special effects to your objects.

Q6: Write about introduction to photoshop

Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Inc. for macOS and Windows. It was
originally created in 1987 by Thomas and John Knoll. Since then, it has become the industry-standard software to create
and edit raster images.
Photoshop is used by photographers, graphic designers, web designers, and other creative professionals to create and edit
images. It can be used to edit photos, create graphics, design websites, and even create 3D models.
Photoshop is a powerful tool that can be used to create stunning images. However, it can also be a complex program to
learn. If you are new to Photoshop, there are many resources available to help you get started. There are books, tutorials,
and online courses that can teach you the basics of Photoshop.
Once you have learned the basics, you can start to explore the many features of Photoshop. There are tools for editing
photos, creating graphics, designing websites, and even creating 3D models. Photoshop is a versatile program that can be
used to create anything you can imagine.
Here are some of the things you can do with Photoshop:
 Edit photos: Photoshop can be used to edit photos in a variety of ways. You can adjust the brightness, contrast, and
saturation of your photos. You can also crop, resize, and rotate your photos.
 Create graphics: Photoshop can be used to create graphics for websites, print, and other media. You can create logos,
banners, and other types of graphics.
 Design websites: Photoshop can be used to design websites. You can create layouts, add images, and create text.
 Create 3D models: Photoshop can be used to create 3D models. You can create characters, objects, and scenes.
If you are interested in learning more about Photoshop, there are many resources available to help you get started. There
are books, tutorials, and online courses that can teach you the basics of Photoshop. Once you have learned the basics, you
can start to explore the many features of Photoshop and create stunning images.

Q7 write about history and introduction to photoshop

Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Inc. for macOS and Windows. It was
originally created in 1987 by Thomas and John Knoll. Since then, it has become the industry-standard software for raster
graphics editing, photo manipulation, image editing, and graphic design. Photoshop is used by millions of people around
the world, including professional photographers, graphic designers, web designers, and artists.
The history of Photoshop can be traced back to 1987, when Thomas Knoll, a PhD student at the University of Michigan,
was working on a program to display grayscale images on a black-and-white monitor. His brother, John Knoll, was
working at Industrial Light & Magic at the time, and he suggested that Thomas turn his program into a commercial
product. The brothers worked together to develop the program, and in 1988 they sold the distribution license to Adobe
Systems.
The first version of Photoshop was released in 1990, and it was an immediate success. The program was praised for its
powerful features and its user-friendly interface. Photoshop quickly became the standard for image editing, and it has
remained so ever since.
Over the years, Photoshop has been updated with a number of new features and capabilities. In 1994, Photoshop 3.0 was
released, which introduced layers, one of the program's most important features. Layers allow users to edit different parts
of an image independently, which makes it possible to create complex and sophisticated images.
In 1998, Photoshop 5.0 was released, which introduced a number of new features, including vector tools, text editing, and
web design tools. Photoshop 5.0 was also the first version of the program to be released for Windows.
In 2003, Photoshop CS was released, which introduced a number of new features, including a new user interface, non-
destructive editing, and camera raw support. Photoshop CS was also the first version of the program to be released on a
subscription basis.
In 2013, Photoshop CC was released, which introduced a number of new features, including a new cloud-based workflow,
a new design space, and new editing tools. Photoshop CC is the current version of the program, and it is available on a
subscription basis.
Photoshop has had a major impact on the world of photography and graphic design. It has made it possible for people to
create images that were once impossible, and it has helped to democratize the creative process. Photoshop is an essential
tool for millions of people around the world, and it is likely to remain so for many years to come.
Introduction
Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Inc. for macOS and
Windows. It was originally created in 1987 by Thomas and John Knoll. Since then, it has become the industry-
standard image editing software for photographers, graphic designers, and web designers.
 Photoshop uses a layer-based editing system that enables users to create and alter images with multiple
overlays that support transparency. This system allows users to create complex images by stacking multiple
layers on top of each other. Each layer can be edited independently, and the order of the layers can be
changed to create different effects.
Photoshop also includes a variety of tools for editing images, including brushes, pens, shapes, and
filters. These tools can be used to create and edit images, as well as to add text, effects, and other elements to
images.
Photoshop is a powerful and versatile image editing software that can be used for a variety of tasks, including:
 Photo editing: Photoshop can be used to edit photos in a variety of ways, including cropping, resizing,
adjusting the brightness and contrast, and removing blemishes.
 Graphic design: Photoshop can be used to create graphics for websites, print materials, and other media.
 Web design: Photoshop can be used to create and edit images for websites.
 Digital art: Photoshop can be used to create digital art, such as paintings, drawings, and illustrations.
Photoshop is a complex software program, but it can be learned by users of all skill levels. There are many
resources available to help users learn Photoshop, including tutorials, books, and online courses.
Here are some of the benefits of using Photoshop:
 It is the industry-standard image editing software.
 It is a powerful and versatile software that can be used for a variety of tasks.
 It is a complex software program, but it can be learned by users of all skill levels.
If you are interested in learning more about Photoshop, there are many resources available to help you get
started.

Q8: Write about file menu in photoshop

The File menu in Adobe Photoshop is the first menu in the menu bar. It contains options
for creating, opening, saving, exporting, and closing files. The File menu also contains
options for setting preferences and printing.
Here are some of the options in the File menu:

 New: Creates a new document.

 Open: Opens an existing file.
 Save: Saves the current document.
 Save As: Saves the current document with a new name or in a different format.
 Export: Exports the current document to a different format, such as JPEG, PNG, or GIF.
 Close: Closes the current document.
 Place: Places an image or other file into the current document.
 Import: Imports an image or other file into the current document.
 Automate: Automates tasks in Photoshop.
 Scripts: Runs scripts in Photoshop.
 Preferences: Sets preferences for Photoshop.
 Print: Prints the current document.
The File menu is an important part of Photoshop, and it is used frequently by users. The
options in the File menu allow users to create, open, save, export, and close files, as well
as set preferences and print
Q9 write about adding contents and tools in photoshop
 Ans Adding content and tools in Photoshop is a great way to enhance your images and make them look their
best. There are many different ways to add content to Photoshop, including:
 Importing images:
You can import images from your computer or from the web. To import an image, go to File > Open and
select the image you want to import.
 Adding text:
You can add text to your images using the Type tool. To add text, select the Type tool from the toolbar and
click on the image where you want to add the text.
 Adding shapes:
You can add shapes to your images using the Shape tool. To add a shape, select the Shape tool from the
toolbar and click on the image where you want to add the shape.
 Adding brushes:
You can add brushes to your images using the Brush tool. To add a brush, select the Brush tool from the
toolbar and click on the image where you want to add the brush.
You can also add tools to Photoshop by downloading and installing plugins. Plugins are third-party programs
that add new features to Photoshop. There are many different plugins available, so you can find ones that
meet your specific needs.
Once you have added content and tools to Photoshop, you can use them to edit your images. There are many
different ways to edit images in Photoshop, including:
 Adjusting the brightness and contrast:
You can adjust the brightness and contrast of your images using the Brightness/Contrast adjustment
layer. To do this, go to Layer > New Adjustment Layer > Brightness/Contrast.
 Changing the color:
You can change the color of your images using the Hue/Saturation adjustment layer. To do this, go to Layer
> New Adjustment Layer > Hue/Saturation.
 Cropping the image:
You can crop your images using the Crop tool. To crop an image, select the Crop tool from the toolbar and
click on the image where you want to crop it.
 Resizing the image:
You can resize your images using the Image Size command. To do this, go to Image > Image Size.
Once you have finished editing your images, you can save them to your computer or export them to the
web. To save an image, go to File > Save As and select the location where you want to save the image. To
export an image to the web, go to File > Export > Save for Web (Legacy).
Adding content and tools to Photoshop is a great way to improve your images and make them look their
best. By following the tips above, you can learn how to add content and tools to Photoshop and use them to
edit your images.
Q10 write about photo editing / inserting in photoshop
Photo editing is the process of manipulating and enhancing digital images. It can involve basic adjustments like
cropping, resizing, and applying filters. It can also include more advanced techniques like retouching and
removing unwanted elements.
Adobe Photoshop is a photo editing software that provides many features for pixel-based images, raster
graphics, and vector graphics. Photoshop is an industry standard for professional output and is used by
graphic designers, photographers, and web designers.
To insert an image into Photoshop, you can use the File > Open command. You can also drag and drop an
image from your computer onto the Photoshop user interface.
Once an image is open in Photoshop, you can edit it using a variety of tools. Some of the most common tools
include the Crop tool, the Resize tool, and the Clone Stamp tool. You can also use Photoshop to adjust the
levels, contrast, and saturation of an image.
 When you are finished editing an image, you can save it using the File > Save command. You can also export
the image in a variety of formats, including JPEG, PNG, and TIFF.
Q11 Write about starting with setting up in photoshop
Here are some steps you can take to get started with setting up in Photoshop:
1. Open Photoshop.
2. Go to File > New.
3. In the New Document dialog box, enter a name for your document.
4. Choose a preset or custom size for your document.
5. Set the resolution of your document. The resolution is the number of pixels per inch in your document. For print
documents, you'll want to use a resolution of 300 pixels per inch. For web documents, you can use a resolution
of 72 pixels per inch.
6. Choose a color mode for your document. The color mode determines the range of colors that can be displayed
in your document. For most documents, you'll want to use the RGB color mode.
7. Click OK to create your new document.
Once you've created your new document, you can start adding images, graphics, and other elements to it. You
can also use Photoshop's various tools to edit your images and create new designs.
Here are some additional tips for setting up in Photoshop:
 If you're new to Photoshop, you can use the presets to create a document with the correct settings for your
needs.
 You can also create your own custom presets to save time in the future.
 If you're working on a print document, you'll want to use a resolution of 300 pixels per inch. For web
documents, you can use a resolution of 72 pixels per inch.
 The RGB color mode is the most common color mode for most documents.
 You can use Photoshop's various tools to edit your images and create new designs

Q12 Write about using layers masks and paths in photoshop

Layer masks and paths are two powerful tools in Photoshop that can be used to create complex and precise
edits. Layer masks allow you to hide or reveal parts of a layer, while paths allow you to create selections that
can be used for a variety of tasks, such as masking, filling, and stroking.
To use a layer mask, simply select the layer you want to mask and then click the Add Layer Mask button at the
bottom of the Layers panel. This will create a grayscale mask that is linked to the layer. You can then use a
brush to paint on the mask in black or white. Black areas of the mask will hide the corresponding areas of the
layer, while white areas will reveal them. You can also use gradients to create more gradual transitions
between hidden and revealed areas.
Paths are created using the Pen tool or the Shape tools. Once you have created a path, you can select it and
then use the Paths panel to fill it with a color, stroke it with a brush, or use it to create a selection. To use a
path to create a mask, simply select the path and then click the Load Path as Selection button at the bottom of
the Paths panel. This will create a selection that you can then use to create a layer mask.
Layer masks and paths can be used together to create complex and precise edits. For example, you could use
a path to create a selection of a specific area of an image, and then use a layer mask to hide or reveal that
area. You could also use a path to create a selection of an object, and then use a layer mask to remove the
object from the background.
Here are some examples of how you can use layer masks and paths in Photoshop:
 Remove an object from a background.
Use the Pen tool to create a path around the object you want to remove. Then, load the path as a selection
and create a layer mask. Paint black on the mask to hide the object.
 Change the color of an object.
 Use the Pen tool to create a path around the object you want to recolor. Then, load the path as a selection
and fill it with a new color.
 Create a composite image.
Use layer masks to combine two or more images into a single image. For example, you could use a layer
mask to blend a foreground image with a background image.
 Create a vignette effect.
Use a path to create a circular selection around the center of your image. Then, load the path as a selection
and create a layer mask. Paint black on the mask to darken the edges of the image.
Layer masks and paths are powerful tools that can be used to create a variety of effects in Photoshop. By
understanding how to use these tools, you can take your Photoshop skills to the next level.

Q13: Write about understanding design principle and color theory in photoshop

Design principles and color theory are two important concepts that all Photoshop users should
understand. Design principles are the basic rules that govern how elements are arranged in a
composition. Color theory is the study of how colors interact with each other. By understanding these concepts,
you can create more effective and visually appealing designs.
Here are some of the most important design principles to keep in mind:
 Contrast:
Contrast is the difference between two elements. It can be created using different colors, values, or
textures. Contrast is important because it helps to draw attention to important elements and create a sense
of hierarchy.
 Balance:
Balance is the distribution of visual weight in a composition. A balanced design feels stable and pleasing to
the eye. There are three main types of balance: symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial.
 Emphasis:
Emphasis is the use of design elements to draw attention to a particular area of a composition. Emphasis
can be created using contrast, placement, or size.
 Proportion:
Proportion is the relationship between the sizes of different elements in a composition. Proportion is
important because it can create a sense of harmony and unity.
 Rhythm:
Rhythm is the repetition of elements in a composition. Rhythm can be created using color, shape, or
texture. Rhythm can help to create a sense of movement and dynamism.
 Pattern:
Pattern is the repetition of a design element or motif. Pattern can be used to create a sense of unity and
rhythm. It can also be used to add interest and complexity to a design.
Color theory is the study of how colors interact with each other. There are three main properties of color: hue,
saturation, and brightness. Hue is the name of the color, such as red, blue, or yellow. Saturation is the intensity
of the color. Brightness is the lightness or darkness of the color.
Colors can be classified into two main groups: warm colors and cool colors. Warm colors are associated with
fire and heat, and they tend to evoke feelings of excitement and energy. Cool colors are associated with water
and ice, and they tend to evoke feelings of calmness and tranquility.
Colors can also be classified as complementary colors or analogous colors. Complementary colors are
opposite each other on the color wheel, and they create a strong contrast when placed next to each
other. Analogous colors are next to each other on the color wheel, and they create a sense of harmony when
placed next to each other.
By understanding design principles and color theory, you can create more effective and visually appealing
designs in Photoshop.
 Here are some tips for using color theory in Photoshop:
 Use the color wheel to choose colors that will create a desired effect.
 Use complementary colors to create contrast and make elements stand out.
 Use analogous colors to create a sense of harmony and unity.
 Use warm colors to evoke feelings of excitement and energy.
 Use cool colors to evoke feelings of calmness and tranquility.
 Experiment with different color combinations to find what works best for your design.
Color theory is a complex subject, but it is an important one for all Photoshop users to understand. By taking
the time to learn about color theory, you can create designs that are more effective and visually appealing

UNIT 3
Q1 Write about Coreldraw

CorelDRAW is a vector graphics editor developed and marketed by Alludo (formerly Corel Corporation). It is
used for illustration, page layout, web graphics, photo editing, and bitmaps. CorelDRAW was first released in
1989 for the Windows operating system. The latest version is CorelDRAW Graphics Suite 2023.
CorelDRAW is a vector graphics editor, which means that it uses mathematical formulas to represent images
instead of pixels. This makes CorelDRAW images resolution-independent, meaning that they can be scaled to
any size without losing quality. CorelDRAW also supports a wide range of file formats, including EPS, AI, PDF,
and SVG.
CorelDRAW is a popular choice for graphic designers, illustrators, and web designers. It is also used by
businesses to create marketing materials, such as brochures, logos, and presentations. CorelDRAW is a
powerful and versatile graphics editor that can be used to create a wide variety of images.
Here are some of the features of CorelDRAW:
 A user-friendly interface with a variety of tools and features
 The ability to create vector graphics, illustrations, and page layouts
 The ability to edit photos and bitmaps
 Support for a wide range of file formats
 A variety of output options, including print, web, and video
CorelDRAW is a powerful and versatile graphics editor that can be used to create a wide variety of images. It is
a popular choice for graphic designers, illustrators, web designers, and businesses

Q2 Write about drawings lines in coreldraw

Here are three tools you can use to draw a line in CorelDRAW:
 Freehand tool
This tool lets you draw lines in a freehand style, similar to how you would sketch on a sketchpad. You can also use this tool
to draw straight lines by holding down the Ctrl key while dragging.

 2-point line tool

This tool lets you draw straight lines, or lines that are perpendicular or tangent to objects.

 Bézier tool
This tool lets you draw curved segments by placing nodes and controlling the shape of each segment. You can also use this
tool to draw straight segments.
Here are the steps on how to draw a line using the Freehand tool:

1. Click where you want to start the line, and then click where you want the line to end.
2. Type a value in the Freehand smoothing box on the property bar. Higher values produce smoother curves.
3. Click the end node of a selected line, and click where you want the new segment to end.
You can also use the Pen tool to draw lines, but it is more difficult to use than the other tools.

Q3. Write about drawing shapes in coreldraw

CorelDRAW is a vector graphics editor developed and marketed by Alludo. It can serve as a digital painting
platform, desktop publishing suite, and is commonly used for production art in signmaking, vinyl and laser
cutting and engraving, print-on-demand and other industry processes.
CorelDRAW lets you draw basic shapes, which you can modify by using special effects and reshaping
tools. You can also draw shapes with precision by using object coordinates.

Here's how you can draw basic shapes in CorelDRAW:

1. Select the shape tool from the toolbox.

2. Click and drag on the page to draw the shape.
3. Release the mouse button when the shape is the desired size and shape.
You can also use the keyboard shortcuts to draw basic shapes:
Rectangle: F6, Ellipse: F7, Polygon: F8, and Star: F9.
To draw a custom shape, you can combine and manipulate basic shapes. To do this, select the shapes you want
to combine, and then click the Combine button on the property bar. You can also use the Weld, Trim, and
Intersect buttons to combine shapes in different ways.
Once you have created a shape, you can modify it using the Shape tool. The Shape tool allows you to add,
remove, and edit nodes on a shape. You can also use the Shape tool to change the fill and outline of a shape.
CorelDRAW also provides a number of special effects that you can apply to shapes. These effects can be used
to create a variety of different looks, such as shadows, glows, and textures.
To apply a special effect to a shape, select the shape and then click the Effects button on the property bar. From
the Effects menu, select the effect you want to apply.
CorelDRAW is a powerful tool that can be used to create a variety of different shapes. By using the basic
shapes, the Shape tool, and the special effects, you can create any shape you can imagine.

Q4 Write about inserting pictures and object in coreldraw

Here are the steps on how to insert pictures and objects in CorelDRAW:

1. Open CorelDRAW and create a new document or open an existing document.

2. Go to the File menu and select Import.

3. In the Import dialog box, navigate to the location of the image you want to import.

4. Select the image file you want to import and click Import.

5. In the Import dialog box, you can choose how you want to import the image. You can either embed the image into the
document or link to the original image file.

6. You can also choose to import only a portion of the image or import the entire image.

7. Once you have selected your options, click Import.

8. The image will be imported into the document and you can position it as desired.

9. You can also insert objects into CorelDRAW.

10. To do this, go to the Object menu and select Insert Object.

11. In the Insert Object dialog box, select the type of object you want to insert.

12. Click OK and the object will be inserted into the document.

13. You can position the object as desired.

14. You can also group objects together so that they can be moved or edited as a single unit.

15. To do this, select the objects you want to group and then click the Group button on the toolbar.

16. The objects will be grouped together and you can move or edit them as a single unit.

17. You can also ungroup objects if you want to edit them individually.

18. To do this, select the grouped objects and then click the Ungroup button on the toolbar.

19. The objects will be ungrouped and you can edit them individually.

20. You can also add images and graphics to tables in CorelDRAW.

21. To do this, select the table you want to add the image or graphic to.

22. Go to the Table menu and select Insert Image or Insert Graphic.

23. In the Insert Image or Insert Graphic dialog box, select the image or graphic you want to insert.

24. Click OK and the image or graphic will be inserted into the table.

25. You can position the image or graphic as desired.

Q5: Write about inserting table in coreldraw

To insert a table in CorelDRAW, you can use the Table tool. You can find the Table tool in the toolbox. Once
you have selected the Table tool, you can drag on the page to create a table. You can also create a table by
clicking on the Table menu and selecting Create new table.
When you create a table, you will be prompted to enter the number of rows and columns that you want. You
can also enter the height and width of the table. If you do not type a character in the User defined box, only
one column will be created, and each paragraph of text will create a table row.
Once you have created a table, you can start adding text and data to the cells. You can also format the table
by changing the font, size, and color of the text. You can also change the border style and color of the table.
Here are some additional tips for inserting tables in CorelDRAW:
 You can insert a table anywhere on the page.
 You can resize a table by dragging the handles on the corners of the table.
 You can move a table by dragging it to a new location.
 You can delete a table by selecting it and pressing the Delete key.
 You can copy and paste tables.
 You can group tables with other objects on the page.
 You can ungroup tables from other objects on the page.
 You can lock tables so that they cannot be edited.
 You can unlock tables so that they can be edited.
 Tables are a great way to organize data in CorelDRAW. You can use tables to create charts, graphs, and other
types of visuals. You can also use tables to present data in a clear and concise way.

Q6. Write about inserting template in coreldraw

Here are some steps on how to insert a template in CorelDRAW:
1. Open CorelDRAW.
2. Go to File and Select New from Template.
3. Browse and search for templates.
4. Select a template from the Templates
5. Press Open
6. To create a template, you can:
o Press File > Save as template
o Type a name in the File name list box
o Select a folder to save the template to
o Press Save
o In the Template properties dialog box, describe the options you want
You can edit templates by: Changing the objects, Changing the page layout settings, and Changing the styles.

You can also import images into CorelDRAW using the following steps:

1. Go to File and then import.

2. Select the image files you want to import.
3. Click on the page where you want the image to be placed.
4. The image will be placed in its original size.
You can also paste an image from your clipboard with Paste ( / CTRL + V), Paste in place ( / CTRL + / SHIFT
+ V), Paste Inside Selection ( / CTRL + / SHIFT + / ALT + V) or Paste here (Context menu).

Inserting images - Corel Vector Help

Q7 Write about uses of various tools in coreldraw

CorelDRAW is a software program that is used for vector graphics editing, illustration, and design. Vector graphics are
created in graphics packages and consist of objects. Each object can be edited separately, meaning that the shape, color,
size, and position can be changed without losing quality.

Here are some of the tools available in CorelDRAW and their uses:

 Shape tools: These tools include the Rectangle, Ellipse, Polygon, and Star tools, which allow you to create basic shapes
and custom shapes by manipulating control points and lines. The Shape tool can also be used to edit the shape of objects.

 Pen tool: The Pen tool allows you to create precise curves and paths by placing points and adjusting the curve between
them.
 Text tool: The Text tool allows you to add text to your designs, including formatting options like font, size, color, and
alignment.

 Pick tool: The Pick Tool allows the user to select and transform objects.

 Zoom tool: The Zoom tool lets you change the magnification level in the drawing window.

 Pan tool: The Pan tool lets you control which part of the drawing is visible in the drawing window.

 Freehand tool: The Freehand tool lets you draw single line segments and curves.

 2-point line tool: The 2-point line tool lets you draw a straight two-point line segment.

 Bézier tool: The Bézier tool lets you draw curves one segment at a time.

 B-spline tool: The B-spline tool lets you draw curved lines by setting control points that shape the curve without breaking
it into segments.

 Polyline tool: The Polyline tool lets you draw lines and curves in preview mode.

 Interactive blend: The Interactive Blend tool allows you to blend two objects seamlessly by creating an intermediate
image in between them.

 Interactive contour: The Interactive Contour tool is used to blend the outline of the object.

 Interactive distortion: The Interactive Distortion tool allows you to distort and manipulate the outline of the object.

 Interactive drop shadow: The Interactive Drop Shadow tool allows you to add depth to the object.

 Parallel dimension tool: The Parallel Dimension tool is used to display dimensions in various shapes.

 Straight-line connector tool: The Straight-line connector tool is used to connect different sides in any shape between sides
or right angles while keeping the sides separated.

 Drop shadow tool: The Drop Shadow tool is used to give an effect to any part of the selected shape or text being designed.

 Eye dropper tool: The Eye Dropper tool is used to pick color.

 Interactive fill tool: The Interactive Fill tool allows you to add fills to objects.

 Interactive mesh fill tool: The Interactive Mesh Fill tool fills an object with color by blending multiple colors and shades
of the intersection points arranged over the mesh grid that is joined with nodes.
These are just a few of the many tools available in CorelDRAW. With its wide range of features, CorelDRAW is a
powerful tool that can be used to create a variety of designs, from simple illustrations to complex graphics.

Q8 Write about various font used in designing in various object

There are many different types of fonts that can be used in designing various objects. The best font
to use will depend on the specific object and the desired effect. Some common fonts include:
 Serif fonts: These fonts have small lines or “serifs” at the ends of each letter's thick and thin strokes. Serif fonts
are often used for body text because they are easy to read. Examples of serif fonts include Times New Roman,
Georgia, and Garamond.
 Sans-serif fonts: These fonts do not have serifs and have a clean, modern look. Sans-serif fonts are often used
for headlines and titles because they are more eye-catching. Examples of sans-serif fonts include Arial,
Helvetica, and Verdana.
  Script fonts: These fonts imitate cursive handwriting and have a flowing, elegant look. Script fonts are often
used for invitations and wedding announcements. Examples of script fonts include Lucida Calligraphy and Zapf
Chancery.
 Decorative fonts: These fonts are designed to be eye-catching and are often used for special
occasions. Examples of decorative fonts include Papyrus and Comic Sans.
When choosing a font, it is important to consider the overall design of the object. The font should complement
the other elements of the design, such as the colors and images. It is also important to make sure that the font is
easy to read, especially if it will be used for body text.

Here are some tips for choosing the right font for various objects:

 For websites:
Use a sans-serif font for the body text and a serif font for the headlines. This will make the website easy to read and navigate.

 For mobile apps:

Use a large, sans-serif font for the body text and a smaller, sans-serif font for the buttons and other interactive elements. This
will make the app easy to use on a small screen.

 For posters:
Use a large, decorative font for the headline and a smaller, sans-serif font for the body text. This will make the poster eye-
catching and easy to read.

 For business cards:

Use a professional, sans-serif font for your name and contact information. You can use a decorative font for your company
logo, but make sure it is still easy to read.

 For invitations:
Use a script font for the names of the guests of honor and a sans-serif font for the body text. This will make the invitation
elegant and easy to read.
By following these tips, you can choose the right font to make your designs look their best.

Q9. Write about design principles and color harmony in coreldraw

Color harmony in design refers to the balanced and aesthetically pleasing interaction of colors. Designers use color
harmony to influence user experiences, create brand identity, and enhance accessibility. Color harmony is not only about
attractive colors but their impact on the overall design.
There are six color harmonies commonly used in design:
Complementary colors, Split complementary colors, Analogous colors, Triadic harmonies, Tetradic harmonies, and
Monochromatic harmonies.
Monochromatic harmonies rely on the use of lighter and darker versions of the same color or hue. This approach is often
used to convey a steady calming affect. It is easy to create a clean looking design or image with this color harmony.
Analogous Colors are a group of three or four colors that border each other within the color wheel. The word “analogous”
means closely related so, logically, these colors are close together on the color spectrum. The combination of these hues
has a harmonious appeal similar to monochromatic color ...
Analogous color schemes are great for creating a sense of harmony and unity, suitable for wellness or natural products.
Color harmony is the theory of pairing colors in an aesthetically pleasing way—something that should guide web
designers when developing their color schemes. For example, complementary colors are bad for text, but the rectangle
color technique can help you use colors in a way that is rich and diverse.
 When it comes to UI design, color harmony is what all designers strive to achieve. Based on the psychological need for
balance, color harmony engages the viewer and establishes a sense of order. A lack of harmony in a color palette can
either result in an interface being under-stimulating (boring) or over-stimulating (chaotic and messy).
The elements shouldn't be exactly the same or completely different but related in some way. Color palettes or similar
textures can create a sense of unity between different components. Using similarly shaped items will create harmony
because they will seem related.
Using color in graphic design to create contrast is powerful for three main reasons: Color contrast attracts the eye because
it creates visual interest. Conflicting colors look like glaring errors, while complementary colors are subtle yet clear to the
subconscious mind. Using color to create contrast reinforces an idea. Colors represent certain values and have a profound
influence on the viewer. Used correctly, they strengthen your communication. Designing with color contrast indicates
hierarchy. How you use it creates a focal point and indicates the level of importance a section of the layout holds.
Q10 Write about primary and secondary colors in coreldraw
The primary color mode in CorelDRAW determines the color palette that appears when a document is opened
or started. It also sets the default color mode for documents that are exported as bitmaps. The primary color
mode can be changed for the active document in the Color management settings dialog box.
CorelDRAW also has three primary color groups, or models: RGB, CMYK, and SPOT color. RGB is used for
web graphics, digital printing, sublimation, and laser engraving, while CMYK is used for offse
In CorelDRAW, the primary colors are red, blue, and yellow. These colors are grouped together and have a
relationship to one another:
 Primary: Red, blue, and yellow
 Secondary: Combinations of primary color