SECTION A [20 MARKS]

1. The rate at which electric charge flows in a circuit is measured in …

a. Amperes
b. Coulombs
c. Ohms
d. Volts

2. A 240kV electrical transmission system carries power of 12MW, what current is in the wires?
a. 0.02A
b. 0.05A
c. 20.00A
d. 50.00A

3. The diagram below shows a circuit with three resistors.

What is the p.d. across resistor R1?

a. 5V
b. 10V
c. 15V
d. 20V

4. A person uses a 3kW electric fire for 2 hours and a 2kW heater for 4 hours.
What is the total cost of the electrical energy used if 1 unit costs 25ngwee?
a. K2.00
b. K3.50
c. K5.00
d. K10.00

5. A battery moves a charge of 60C around a circuit at a constant rate in 20 seconds. What is the current
flowing in the circuit?
a. 80A
b. 40A
c. 3.0A
d. 0.3A

6. A heater is connected to a 200V supply. If the heating element has a resistance of 10Ω, how much
electrical energy is supplied to the heater in 2 minutes?
a. 800 000J
b. 480 000J
c. 8 000J
d. 4 000J

7. The diagram below shows a transformer.

Assuming the transformer is 100%, what is the size of the electric current in the primary coil?
a. 5.0A

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 b. 2.5A
c. 0.5A
d. 0.05A

8. The diagram below shows a circuit with an ammeter and two resistors connected.

If the ammeter reading is 3A, what is the value of the resistor R 1?

a. 4Ω
b. 6Ω
c. 12Ω
d. 18Ω

9. The diagram below shows an illustration of a transformer with 100 turns on the primary coil and 25
turns on the secondary coil.

What is the voltage induced across the secondary coil?

a. 3.0Ω
b. 4.0Ω
c. 48Ω
d. 300Ω

10. Which of the following is true about cathode rays?

a. They carry a positive charge
b. They can produce X-rays
c. They are electromagnetic in nature
d. They are lighter than electrons

11. The diagram below shows a coil in a magnetic field which is part of an a.c. generator.

What must be connected directly to X and Y?

a. Split rings
b. Brushes
c. Slip rings
d. D.C supply

12. The diagram below represents a cathode ray oscilloscope.

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 Which of the parts labeled A, B, C or D accelerates the electrons towards the screen?

13. What is the purpose of X-plates and Y-plates in a cathode ray tube?
X-plates Y-plates
a Deflecting electrons horizontally Deflecting electrons vertically
b Deflecting electrons vertically Deflecting electrons horizontally
c Accelerating electrons Deflecting electrons vertically
d Deflecting electrons horizontally Accelerating electrons

14. The graph below shows a trace on the screen of an oscilloscope when connected to a transformer.

If the Y-control is set to 5V per centimeter, what is the value of the peak voltage?
a. 4V
b. 5V
c. 10V
d. 20V

15. Which of the following is a nucleon?

a. Proton
b. Electron
c. Beta particle
d. Alpha particle

16. Which of the following is not deflected by an electric field?

a. Alpha
b. Beta
c. Gamma
d. Proton

17. The radioisotope sodium-24 has a half-life of 15 hours. How long would an 8g sample of sodium-24
take to decay to 1g?
a. 45 hours
b. 60 hours
c. 90 hours
d. 120 hours

18. The equation below represents the decay of carbon-14 to nitrogen-14.

Which of the following is true about radiation X?

a. It can be repelled by a proton
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 b. It can be repelled by an electron
c. It is electrically neutral
d. It is an electromagnetic wave.

19. A radioactive substance has a mass of 600g and a half-life of 12 years. How much of this substance
decays after 36 years?
a. 75g
b. 125g
c. 475g
d. 525g

20. The diagram below shows a box used for storing of radioactive sources.

Which material is best for lining the box to prevent the escape of most radioactive emissions?
a. Lead
b. Steel
c. Copper
d. Aluminium

SECTION B [45 MARKS]

1.
a. In a circuit in which the current is 5A, how long would it take for a charge of 1000C to flow past a
point in the circuit?

[1]
b. The figure below shows a circuit diagram.

Calculate;
i. The effective resistance of the circuit.

[2]
ii. The current through the ammeter.

[1]

c. Determine the potential difference across the 1.6Ω resistor.

[2]
TOTAL: [6 MARKS]

2. A cell phone charger has a transformer with 2 000 turns in the primary coil which converts 240V a.c.
to 6V a.c. and a rectifier that converts 6V a.c. to 6V d.c.
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 a. What do the following letters stand for;
i. a.c …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]
ii. d.c …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]
b. How many turns are in the secondary coil of the transformer?

[2]
c. Draw a labeled diagram of a step down transformer.

[2]
TOTAL: [6 MARKS]

3.
a. The figure below shows a network of resistors

i. What current flows in the 6Ω resistor?

[1]
ii. What charge passes through the 6Ω resistor for 3 seconds?

[1]
iii. What is the potential difference across the 6Ω resistor?

[2]
b. A 2kW, 250V electric fire is connected to 250V mains.
i. How much current does the electric fire take?

[2]
ii. What is the cost of running the electric fire for 5 hours if the cost of a unit (kWh) of electrical
energy is 0.9 ngwee?

[2]
TOTAL: [8 MARKS]
4. The figure below shows the diagram of a simple a.c. generator.

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 a. Name the parts labeled X and Y
X ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
Y ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
b. Name three ways in which the generator would be made to produce more voltage.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………. [3]
TOTAL: [5 MARKS]

5. The figure below shows a simple transformer which can be used to light a bulb. The bulb is labeled.

When the mains supply is switched on, the bulb is very bright.
a. State one way in which the potential difference across the bulb can be decreased without changing
the mains supply.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
b. For the lamp operating at the correct brightness, calculate:
i. The current in the secondary coil.

[2]
ii. The current in the primary coil, assume that the transformer is 100% efficient.

[2]
TOTAL: [5 MARKS]

6. The figure below shows a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO)

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 a. Name the process by which electrons are produced in the CRO.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]
b. Why is the potential difference between the cathode and the anode made very high?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]
c. Describe the use of:
i. Y-plates
………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
ii. X-plates
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
d. Explain why the CRO should be evacuated.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………. [1]
TOTAL: [6 MARKS]

7. The figure below shows a stream of α,β and gamma rays passed through a uniform electric field
represented by tracks A, B and C.

a. Identify which track marked A, B or C represents alpha radiations.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
b. What is the nature of the radiation marked by A?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
c. What is the charge for the radiation represented by the track marked B?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
TOTAL: [3 MARKS]
8.
a. The half-life of polonium -210 is 140 days. What does this mean?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. [2]
b.
i. What is meant by background radiation?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………… [1]
ii. Mention two major sources of background radiation.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….. [2]

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 c. Radon, Rn-220 with atomic number 86 emits two alpha particles and one beta particle. What is
the composition of the resulting nucleus?
………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
TOTAL: [6 MARKS]

SECTION C [20 MARKS]

There are three (3) questions in this section. Answer any two (2).

1. Two lamps S and T of resistance 200Ω and 300Ω respectively are connected in series with 240V
mains as shown below.

a. Calculate the:
i. Current at point V. [2]
ii. Potential difference across lamp S. [1]
b. Draw a circuit diagram showing resistors S and T connected in parallel. [2]
c. Using the diagram in b above, calculate the:
i. Current through lamps S and T. [2]
ii. Total resistance of the circuit. [1]
d. Give two reasons why lamps are preferably connected in parallel in homes. [2]

2. The figure below represents a transformer with a primary coil of 400 turns and a secondary coil of 200
turns.

a. The primary coil is connected to the 240V a.c. mains. Calculate the secondary voltage. [2]
b. Explain carefully how the transformer works. [4]
c. Why is soft iron used for the core instead of steel? [2]
d. If the current in the primary coil is 3A, calculate the current in the secondary coil of the transformer,
assuming the transformer is 100% efficient. [2]

3. A radioactive element of atomic number 98 and nucleon number 223 emits one beta particle followed
by 2 beta particles.
a. What is a beta particle? [1]
b. Write the nucleon number and proton number of the remaining nuclide after the two emissions.
[2]
c. A 400g radioactive sample has a half-life of 4 years.
i. On a graph paper provided, plot a graph to show this decay curve after the period of 32
years. [5]
ii. What period of time would it take for the sample to reduce to 40g? [1]
iii. Name a source of gamma radiation. [1]
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