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MATH7601 Prog

The document summarizes Fortran 90 programming commands that a user needs to know. It outlines how to declare and initialize variables, use arithmetic, logical, and comparative operators, control program flow with loops and conditional statements, work with files and arrays, define subroutines and functions, and use modules and user-defined data types.

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17 views

MATH7601 Prog

The document summarizes Fortran 90 programming commands that a user needs to know. It outlines how to declare and initialize variables, use arithmetic, logical, and comparative operators, control program flow with loops and conditional statements, work with files and arrays, define subroutines and functions, and use modules and user-defined data types.

Uploaded by

adeoyekhadijat252
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH7601: A Summary of Fortran 90 Programming Commands

(you need to know how to....)

• Use PROGRAM NAME...END PROGRAM NAME to set up a program with a suitable name. Use
IMPLICIT NONE (spell-checker!).

• Be able to correctly declare and initialise variables of type INTEGER, REAL, COMPLEX,
LOGICAL, CHARACTER and CHARACTER(len=xx). Know about PARAMETERS and when to
use them.

• Know the syntax for simple arithmetic operations +, −, ∗, ∗∗, / etc. Remember integer division!

• Be able to use comparative operators ==, / =, >=, >, < etc. to initialise logical variables or define
conditional clauses based on the value of real or integer variables.

• Be able to use logical operators .NOT., .AND., .OR., .NEQV. etc. to perform operations with
logical variables.

• Use Fortran intrinsic functions EXP, ALOG, COS, ASIN, etc. to perform standard mathematical
operations.

• Use PRINT *, or WRITE (*,*) to write to the screen and READ *, or READ (*,*) to input from
the keyboard.

• Use OPEN(23,file=’filename.dat’) to open a file to read from or write to.

• Use format strings (e.g. ’(F12.6,A,2x,2I6)’) to control the organisation of output data.

• To repeat operations: Know the three different types of DO loop and when to use them, and the
effect of the variable STEP in the final type.

DO DO WHILE (condition) DO count=1,N(,STEP)


IF (condition) EXIT . .
END DO END DO END DO

• Use single-line IF (condition) clauses to execute statements if and only if (condition) is true.

• Use IF (condition) THEN...ELSE....END IF to execute different sequences of statements depending


on whether (condition) is true or false.

• Declare and initialise arrays of different dimension (different types of initialisation: element by
element, as vectors, in DO loops or using assignment statements). Be able to control the index range
(e.g. A(-2:2,0:4)). Use ‘:’ to define subarrays (e.g. B=A(:,2), C=A(-1:1,0:1).)

• Use SUM to add (some or all) elements of an array or sub-array. Use SIZE to recover the dimension
of an array or sub-array.

• Use SUBROUTINEs to perform self-contained operations. Understand the difference between


INTENT(IN), INTENT(OUT), INTENT(INOUT) and local variables in subroutines (and
functions). Use FUNCTIONs to evaluate specific self-contained calculations.

• Understand when and why a subroutine or function should be declared RECURSIVE (e.g. Towers of
Hanoi example).

• Use MODULEs to store variable declarations, subroutines and functions.

• Use TYPE MYTYPE....END TYPE MYTYPE to create a user-defined data type for storing
different forms of data together (e.g. medical records). Know how to declare (e.g.
TYPE(MYTYPE)::DATASET1) and initialise them (e.g. DATASET1%VARIABLE1(1)=..., or
DATASET1=MYTYPE(...,...,...) ).

• Operator Overloading: Be able to use


INTERFACE OPERATOR (*)
MODULE PROCEDURE FUNCTIONNAME
END INTERFACE
in order to extend the meaning of an operator *,+,- etc. to act on user-defined data types according
to the algorithm set out in the function FUNCTIONNAME.

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