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Tutorial 04 Bic 10103

This document contains a tutorial on discrete structures with questions about relations and their properties. The questions cover topics such as ordered pairs in relations, determining if relations are reflexive, symmetric, or transitive, taking unions and intersections of relations, representing relations with matrices, and determining if relations are equivalence relations.

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Atiqah Baharuddin
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15 views3 pages

Tutorial 04 Bic 10103

This document contains a tutorial on discrete structures with questions about relations and their properties. The questions cover topics such as ordered pairs in relations, determining if relations are reflexive, symmetric, or transitive, taking unions and intersections of relations, representing relations with matrices, and determining if relations are equivalence relations.

Uploaded by

Atiqah Baharuddin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Subject Code BIC 10103 Item No.

Tutorial 04

FSKTM
Subject Discrete Structure Date 01/10/2023

Objective : To enhance the skill of relation

NAME : …………………………………………………….
MATRIC NO.: …………………………………………………….

1. List the ordered pairs in the relation R from A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} to B = {0, 1, 2,


3}, where (a, b) ∈ R if and only if
a) a = b.
b) a + b = 4
c) a > b.

2. For each of these relations on the set {1, 2, 3, 4}, decide whether it is
reflexive, whether it is symmetric and whether it is transitive.
a) {(2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4)}
b) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4)}
c) {(2, 4), (4, 2)}
d) {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)}
e) {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4)} f ) {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 1), (3, 4)}

3. Let R1 = {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)} and R2 = {(1, 1), (1, 2),(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3,
1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4)} be relations from {1, 2, 3} to {1, 2, 3, 4}. Find
a) R1 ∪ R2.
b) R1 ∩ R2.
c) R1 / R2.
d) R2 / R1.
4. Represent each of these relations on {1, 2, 3} with a matrix (with the elements
of this set listed in increasing order).
a) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3)}
b) {(1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)}
c) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 3)}
d) {(1, 3), (3, 1)}

5. List the ordered pairs in the relations on {1, 2, 3} corresponding to these


matrices (where the rows and columns correspond to the integers listed in
increasing order).

6. List the ordered pairs in the relations represented by the directed graphs.
a)

b)

7. Which of these relations on {0, 1, 2, 3} are equivalence relations? Determine


the properties of an equivalence relation that the others lack.
a) {(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)}
b) {(0, 0), (0, 2), (2, 0), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3, 3)}
c) {(0, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)}
d) {(0, 0), (1, 1), (1, 3), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3)}
e) {(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 0), (2, 2), (3, 3)}
8. Determine whether the relation with the directed graph shown is an
equivalence relation.
a)

b)

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