Smart Cities

Subject: Industry 4.0 Subject Code: 3161716

Module ; 2
2.5 Smart Cities
Lecture: 14

Presented by
Prof. M.M.Sharma
VGEC, Chandkheda
1
SMART CITIES & DIGITAL
TRANSFORMATION
 TABLE OF CONTENT

• WHAT IS SMART
• SMART CITIES
• AREAS & FACTORS OF SMART CITIES
• GOAL OF SMART CITY
• SMART CITY TECHNOLOGIES
• HOW SMART CITIES WORKS
• SMART CITIES CHALLENGES
• ARE THEY SECURE
• DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
• BENFITS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
• CHALLENGES OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
• CONCLUSION
 WHAT IS SMART The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.

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SMART is an acronym
that stands for Specific,
Measurable, Achievable,
Relevant and Time-
based. Each element of
the SMART framework
works together to create
a goal that is carefully
planned, clear and
trackable.
 SMART CITIES
A smart city uses information and
communication technology (ICT) to improve
operational efficiency, share information with
the public and provide a better quality of
government service and citizen welfare.
AREAS & FACTORES OF SMART CITY

Economy
Governance
Mobility
Environment
People
Living
 GOAL OF A SMART CITIES
• The main goal of a smart city is to optimise
city functions and promote economic
growth while also improving the quality of
life for citizens by using smart
technologies and data analysis. The value
lies in how this technology is used rather
than simply how much technology is
available.
 A city’s smartness is determined using a
set of characteristics, including:

•An infrastructure based around technology

•Environmental initiatives
•Effective and highly functional public transportation
•Confident and progressive city plans
•People able to live and work within the city, using its reso
 SMART CITY TECHNOLOGIES
Alongside the IoT solutions, smart cities also use
technologies including:
• Application Programming Interfaces (APIs)
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)
• Cloud Computing Services
• Dashboards
• Machine Learning
• Machine-to-Machine Communications
• Mesh Networks
 HOW SMART CITIES WORKS
Smart cities follow four steps to improve the quality of
life and enable economic growth through a network of
connected IoT devices and other technologies. These
steps are as follows:
• 1. Collection – Smart sensors gather real-time data
• 2. Analysis – The data is analysed to gain insights
into the operation of city services and operations
• 3. Communication – The results of the data
analysis are communicated to decision makers
• 4. Action – Action is taken to improve operations,
manage assets and improve the quality of city life
for the residents
 WHY SMART CITIES ARE IMPORTANT?

• 54% of the world’s population live in cities and

this is expected to rise to 66% by 2050, adding
a further 2.5 billion people to the urban
population over the next three decades. With
this expected population growth there comes a
need to manage environmental, social and
economic sustainability of resources.
• Smart cities allow citizens and local
government authorities to work together to
launch initiatives and use smart technologies
to manage assets and resources in the
growing urban environment.
 ARE SMART CITIES SUSTAINABLE?
• Sustainable is an important aspect of smart cities as they seek to
improve efficiencies in urban areas and improve citizen welfare.
Cities offer many environmental advantages, such as smaller
geographical footprints, but they also have some negative impacts,
including the use of fossil fuels to power them. However, smart
technologies could help alleviate these negative effects, such as
through the implementation of an electric transport system to reduce
emissions. Electric vehicles could also help to regulate the frequency
of the electric grid while not in use.
• Such sustainable transport options should also see a reduction in the
number of cars in urban areas as autonomous vehicles are expected
to reduce the need for car ownership amongst the population.
• Creating such sustainable solutions could deliver environmental and
societal benefits.
 SMART CITY CHALLENGES
• For all of the benefits offered by smart cities, there are also
challenges to overcome. These include government officials allowing
widespread participation from citizens. There is also a need for the
private and public sectors to align with residents so that everyone can
positively contribute to the community.
• Smart city projects need to be transparent and available to citizens via
an open data portal or mobile app. This allows residents to engage
with the data and complete personal tasks like paying bills, finding
efficient transportation options and assessing energy consumption in
the home.
• This all requires a solid and secure system of data collection and
storage to prevent hacking or misuse. Smart city data also needs to
be anonymised to prevent privacy issues from arising.
• The largest challenge is quite probably that of connectivity, with
thousands or even millions of IoT devices needing to connect and
work in unison. This will allow services to be joined up and ongoing
improvements to be made as demand increases.
 ARE THEY SECURE?
• Smart cities offer plenty of benefits to improve citizen safety, such
as connected surveillance systems, intelligent roadways and public
safety monitoring, but what about protecting the smart cities
themselves?
• There is a need to ensure smart cities are protected from cyber
attacks, hacking and data theft while also making sure the data that
is reported is accurate.
• In order to manage the security of smart cities there is a need to
implement measures such as physical data vaults, resilient
authentication management and ID solutions. Citizens need to trust
the security of smart cities which means government, private sector
enterprise, software developers, device manufacturers, energy
providers and network service managers need to work together to
deliver integrated solutions with core security objectives.
 Security Objective
1. Availability – Data needs to be available in real time with reliable
access in order to make sure it performs its function in monitoring
the various parts of the smart city infrastructure
2. Inegrity – The data must not only be readily available, but it must
also be accurate. This also means safeguarding against
manipulation from outside
3. Confidentiality – Sensitive data needs to be kept confidential and
safe from unauthorised access. This may mean the use of firewalls
or the anonymising of data
4. Accountability – System users need to be accountable for their actions and
interaction with sensitive data systems. Users logs should record who is
accessing the information to ensure accountability should there be any
problems
 Smart City-Example
Cities across the world are in different stages of smart technology
development and implementation. However, there are several who are
ahead of the curve, leading the path to creating fully smart cities.
These include:
Barcelona, Spain
Columbus, Ohio, USA
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Hong Kong, China
Kansas City, Missouri, USA
London, England
Melbourne, AustraliaNew
York City, New York, USA
Singapore
Tokyo, Japan and many more..
 Smart City-Example
The city state of Singapore is considered to be one of the front-runners in the
race to creating fully smart cities, with IoT cameras monitoring the
cleanliness of public spaces, crowd density and the movement of
registered vehicles. Singapore also has systems to monitor energy use,
waste management and water use in real time. In addition, there is
autonomous vehicle testing and a monitoring system to ensure the
health and wellbeing of senior citizens.
Traffic monitoring systems are also in place in Dubai, which has telemedicine
and smart healthcare solutions as well as smart buildings, utilities,
education and tourism options. Barcelona also has smart transportation
systems with bus stops offering free Wi-Fi and USB charging ports, along
with a bike-sharing programme and a smart parking app including online
payment options. Temperature, pollution and noise are also measured
using sensors that also cover humidity and rainfall.
 Conclusion
• Creating smart connected systems for our urban areas provides a
great many benefits for citizens around the world, not only to
improve quality of life, but also to ensure sustainability and the best
possible use of resources.
• These solutions are dependent on a unified approach from
government as well as the private sector and residents themselves.
With the correct support and infrastructure, however, smart cities
can use advances such as the Internet of Things to enhance the lives
of residents and create joined-up living solutions for the growing
global urban citizenry.