Boley BC32/42 (1M3) (1M1) Programmer's Manual Boley GmbH, EsslingenNOTICE Be 01.07 Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this document, it may contain inaccurate descriptions, typographical errors, or omissions. If you find any question, error or omission, please report it to your Citizen representative. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. It is a Citizen's policy to improve produets whenever new technology, components, software, or firmware become available. Therefore, changes are made periodically to the information contained herein and the updated information is included in the latest edition of the document, Citizen also reserves the right to change specifications without prior notice. ‘All features, functions, and operations described herein are not common in all parts of the world, Some illustrations in this document may not match the actual machine. Copyright (c) 1997 by Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this document ‘may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, without written permission from Citizen. ‘The software programs described in this manual are copyrighted by Citizen Co., Ltd. ‘This product contains technology relating to strategic products controlled under the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan, The product should not be exported without obtaining the export license from the Ministry of International Trade and Industry in accordance with the above law. aPreface ‘This Programmer's Manual is one of a three-volume set that is provided with your Boley BC32/42, ‘This manual contains information you need to program the BC32/42 for various lathing functions. ‘The manual describes programming commands and program sequences with examples. ‘The other two volumes in the set are the Operator's Manual and the Maintenance Manual. Operator's Manual contains general information on the machine and the procedures for basic and daily operations. Maintenance Manual provides detailed information on BC32/42 repair and maintenance. ® Be 01.07Information for Obtaining Customer Support Before contacting Citizen for an inquiry, please confirm as many items listed below as possible to allow for a prompt and definite response. No. Ttem| Example Check point 1 [Machine type IBC32/42. Aluminum nameplate on the back lof the machine, the manual, etc. 2 |Model No. M3 [Red seal on the front of the lmachine, the cover of each manual, etc. 3. |Machine No. W820 |Aluminum nameplate on the back’ lof the machine, etc. 4 INC unit \Boley SYSTEM M6 \Chapter 3 "Machine |Specifications” in the Operator's |Manual, the operation panel, etc. 5__[Delivery date [June 1998 [Machine paint color [Purplish two-tone color [Appearance |Your specified color 7 |Customization |Special workpiece unloading ldevice & [Name of the manual and the [Page 10 in Chapter 5 of the |Manual: Operator's Manual, inumber of the page [Maintenance Manual [Programmer's Manual, or lcontaining the information [Maintenance Manual Jconcerning your inguiry 9 |Software version information {TYPE FCA635LC-ACI1 _|On-screen display on the ISERIAL —M6275210282 IMAIN _ BND-358W000-B*M| lpLCu 001-001 BOOT ——_BND-362W001-A1 [Mais -BND-359~000-A2 IuiMitieng BND-359W100-A2 IMMinet _ BND-359W200-A3A IMMiu 001-001 LAP BND-660W300-A*N lec BND-366W001-A0 IMACRO 001-001 IPARAMET 001-001 los, 01-001 los 1D -31797-0EM- 0012345-12345 loperation pane! For an inquiry about a problem, please check it with Chapter 5 "Troubleshooting" in the Maintenance ‘Manual in advance, Be 01.07 @)(Blank page) @ Be 01.07Programer’s Manual Chapter 0 Contents Chapter 0 Contents..... Chapter 1 Overview nn 4.1 About This Manual. . 1.2. Who Should Read This Manual... Chapter 2. Safety Precautions... 2.1 Safety Signs. 2.2 Emergency Stop Button... 2.8 Safety Devices... . 2.4 General Precautions During Operation. 2.5 Before Starting the Machine .. 2.6 Safety During Setup... 2.7 Safety During Automatic Operation 2.8 Safety During Maintenance ... 2.9 Safety Atter Everyday Operation 2.10 Fire Prevention Practices... 2.11 Handling Emergency Situations.. . 2.11.1 Emergency Situations Requiring Evacuation. 2.11.2 Power Failure. 2.11.3 Resuming Work Chapter 3 Introduction to Programming... 8.1 The NC Program, 3.2 Control Axes... 3.3 Setting the Coordinate System (G80) 3.4 Positional Relationships between Axes from Machine Zero Point 3.5 Signs and Coordinate Values ... 3.6 Diameter Command . 2.7 Absolute and incremental Commands Code | C-BC032/42 1 11-370 | Serial 9003 ~ Issue No. 2E1-0001 No. Ws201 ~ Date | 1997 Be 01.07 0-01Chapter 4 Command Codes. 4.4 Summary of Addresses Used in NC Programs... 4.2 G Funetions (G Codes). 4.2.1 Rapid Feed (G00)... 4.2.2 Linear Interpolation (01).. 4.2.3 Circular Interpolation (G02, G03)... 4.2.4 Dwell (G04)... 4.3 F Functions (F Codes) (Guiting Feed Rae). 4.3.1 Cutting Feed Rate (F)... 4,4. M Funetions (M Codes) . 4.4.1 M Codes Table... 4.4.2 Main Spindle Rotation and Stop (MO3,MO4 and Mos) 4.4.3 Product Separation (M32, M33, M34)... 4.5 $ Functions (S Codes). 4.6 T Functions (T Codes) 4.6.1 Tool Length Offset and T Code ‘Commands (Toa! Selection). Chapter § Programming Practice (Turning).. 5.1 Process of Program Creation .. 5.2 Machining Data ..menme 2.1 Machining Data Soreen 5.2.2 Machining Data ltems.. 5.3. Programming Practice en. 5.3.1 Program Structure . 5.3.2. Preparation PrOCeSS ween 5.3.3 Cutoff and Ending Processes 5.3.4 Material Replacing Programs (Using the Finger Method) 5.4 Machining Processes. 5.4.1 Front Turning Process: 5.4.2 Back Turning Process .. 5.4.8 Grooving ProceSS amen 5.5 Thread Cutting with the Threading Too! .. 5.5.1 G92 Thread Cutting Canned Oycle.... 5.5.2 G92 - Taper Thread Cutting Canned Cycle. 5.6 Center Hole Drilling... 5.6.1 Center Drilling 5.6.2 Drilling. 5.6.3 Thread Cutting with Taps and DiS on. 5.6.4. Adjusting for Longitudinal Direction Coordinate Shit anc Canceling the Coordinate Shift Amount 5.6.5 Program example (Adjusting for Diameter and Longitudinal Direction Coordinate Shit and Canceling the Coordinate Shift Amount) se . coe) Be 01.07Chapter 6 Multiple Canned Cycle (Outer, Inner Diameter Turning), 6.1. Multiple Canned Cycle (Single Canned Cycle).. 6.1.1 (G90) Outer Diameter/inner Diameter Turning (Rough Cutting) Cycle 6.1.2 G94 End Face Rough Cutting Cycle. 62 Tool Offset... Chapter 7 Programming Practice (Secondary Process)... 7.1 Complex Machining Process 7.4.4 Turing Process and Secondary Process 7.1.2 Machining Process Order. 7.1.3 Secondary Process Spindle... 7.4.4 Spindle Types. 7.1.5 Tool Spindle Rotation and Stop (M58, M&9, and ME0).. 7.1.6 Coordinates... 72 Transition between Turing and Secondary Process... 7.2.1 Main Spindle C-Axis Indexing (M1B) «nr 7.2.2 Rotating Direction of the Main Spindle Indexing, 7.2.8 Rotating Direction of the Main Spindle Indexing. 7.3 Indexing Program Outline 7.4 Back Spindle Indexing (Optional 7.5 Calculating the Command Speed... 7.5.1 Calculating the Spindle Speed Value. 7.5.2 Calculating the Tool Feed Rate.... 7.6 Secondary Process Examples... : 7.6.1 Cross Center, Cross Drill, and Cross Tap Processes (Syncronization Tap Machining Optional)... 7.6.2 Milling and End Face Sitting... 7.6. Example of Continuous Indexing Lead Groove Machining. Chapter 8 Control of Axis Control Groups 8.1 About control of axis control groups 8.2 About Superimpose Control. 8.3 Special G Codes... 83.1 Special G Code 1 Table. 8.3.2 Special G Code 2 Table.. 8.3.3 Machining Patter List 8.3.4 Machining Pattern Cancel Command (6700)... 8.3.5 Back/Front Simultaneous Machining Pattern 1 (G740).. 8.3.6 Back/Front Simultaneous Machining Pattern 2 (745) Pick-off (G750) Back Machining Patorn (6762) 8.3.9 Last Program Execution (4999).. a5 Bt a42 8-43 8.4 Program Queuing [1] (Exclamation) 8.5 Subprogram Commands ... 8.6 Summary... Be 01.07 0-08Chapter 9 Particular Function. 9.1 Constant Surface Speed Control Command 9.2 Tool Nose Radius Offset Functio 9.2.1 Virtual tool nese... 9.2.2 Virtual tool nose number. 9.2.3 Usual tolls and Virtual Tool Nose Numbers 9.2.4 Basic Pattern of Tool Nose Radius Offset G Code .. 9.2.5 Machining Example... 9.3. Spindle Synchronization Control (6814, G114.1, G113, 6899) (Optional. 9.4 Commands for Detecting Spindle Speed Changes 9.4.1 Main Spindle 9.4.2 Back Spindle 9.5. Miling Interpolation(Optional). 9.5.1 Milling Coordinates 9.5.2 Milling Plane. 9.5.3 Circular Interpolation... 9.5.4 Program format... 9.5.5 Coordinate System Shit. 9.5.6 Tool Length Offset of Milling Interpolation 9.5.7 Tool Radius Offset... 9.5.8 Feed Rate : 9.5.9 Notes on Programming. 9.5.10 Program Examples .. 9.5.11 Alarm List.. 9.8 Synchronization Tapping Process (G88, G84, G80) (Optional, 0.6.1 Synchronization Tapping Process for Outside Diameter, Using Rotary Too! (688, G80 9.6.2 Synchronization Tapping Process for Workpiece End Face Using Rotary Tool (G84, G80) 9.6.3 Synchronization Tapping Process for Workpiece End Face Center (284, G80)... 9-33 9.7 Auxiliary Function Output during Axis Feed (6117) Chapter 10 Program Examples 410.1. Sample Programming... 10.1.1 Example 1 Programming... 40.1.2 Example 2 Programming 10.1.3 Example 3 Programming 10.1.4 Example 4 Programming. 0-04 Be 01.07Chapter 11. Cutting Conditions... 44.1 Cutting Conditions 1 (for Outer ‘Diameter Cuting) so A 11.2 Cutting Conditions 2 .. 142 1113 Cuting Condtions for Dring. 11-3 11.3.1 Cutting Speed for Drilling (High ‘Speed Tool Ste) 11-3 11.8.2 Cutting Feed Rate for Drilling (High Speed Tool Stee! 11-3 11.4 Reaming Ad 11.5 Thread Guiting with Taps and Dies 144 11.6 Thread Cutting Count 115 41.7 Cutting Conditions for Siiting Cutters. 11-6 11.8 End Mill Cutting Conditions (Super Hard). 11-6 11.9 Cutting Speed Quick Reference... 11-7 Chapter 12 Tooling oe 201 { RD \iprogram\\pr0100110100.doc} { RD \iprogrami\pr0300\10300.doc} { RD \\programi\pr0400\\0400.doc} { RD \\program\\pr0'500N0500.doc} { RD \iprogram\\pr0600\10600.doc} { RD \iprogram\\pr0700\10700.doc} { RD \\programi\\pr0800\\0800.doc} { RD \\programt\pr0900N0900.doc} { RD \\program\\pr1 000111000.doc} { RD \iprogrami\pr1 100\\1 100.doc} Be 01.07 0-05Product code c}-|Blc Document code 2{e|i}-Jololoj1 0-08 Be 01.07Chapter 1 Overview 14.1 About This Manual ... 1.2 Who Should Read This Manual... Code | C-BC32/42 111-370 | Serial M9003 ~ Issue | 1999.7 No. 261-0101 No. W8201 ~ Date Be 01.07 4-01(Blank page) aoe Be 01.07BC32/42 Overview 1.1 About This Manual ‘The purpose of this manual is to provide programmers with the information required for programming the Boley BC32/42 machines to perform a variety of basic lathing functions. This manual describes how to handle, or program the machine to get the most out of it. Before operating the machine, be sure to understand the contents of this manual to create NC programs for safe and correct machine operation. ‘This manual contains the following chapters: Chapter 1 Overview ‘This chapter describes the purpose and organization of this manual. Chapter 2 Safety Precautions ‘This chapter describes safety precautions to be heeded while programming, setting up, operating, and maintaining the machine. This chapter also includes information on machine safety devices and procedures for handling an emergency situation such as a fire at your factory. Chapter 3. Introduction to Programming This chapter provides basic knowledge of NC programming. Chapter 4. Command Codes ‘This chapter details the instruction commands required for NC programming. Chapter S Programming Practice (Turning) ‘This chapter provides simple programming examples to help you learn basic NC programming. Chapter 6 Multiple Canned Cyole (Outer, Inner Diameter Turning) ‘This chapter provides programming examples to help you lean basic NC programming of the multiple canned cycle for outer diameter/inner diameter turning. Chapter 7 Programming Practice (Secondary Process) This chapter provides advanced application examples to help you learn secondary- process programming Chapter 8 Control of Axis Control Groups chapter gives you details of specific axis control to describe machining pattern commands and control of axis control groups. Chapter 9 Particular Function This chapter provides simple programming examples to help you leam other NC commands frequently used for programming such as those for constant surface speed control and spindle synchronization, Chapter 10 Program Examples This chapter provides sample NC programs. Be 01.07 11BC32/42 Overview Chapter 11 Cutting Conditions ‘This chapter describes a variety of cutting conditions required for machining Chapter 12 Tooling ‘This chapter lists the various tooling systems used for the BC32/42 machines, showing their specifications and dimensions. 1.2 Who Should Read This Manual “This manual is intended for all system programmers of the BC32/42 machine. Programmers must thoroughly read and understand this manual in order to ereate machining programs for safe and efficient operation, Be 01.07Be 01.07 (Blank page) BC32/42 Overview 13Product code c|-|Bjc]3|2|/|4)2])1)m -|3|7J)o Document code 2}B]1]-joji1jo}i 1-4 Be 01.07Chapter 3 Introduction to Programming 3.1. The NC Program... 3.2 Control Axes BC32/42.. 3.2.1 Control axes BC42/X2... 3.3 Setting the Coordinate System (G50) 3.4 Positional Relationships between Axes from Machine Zero Point 3.4.1 Positional Relationship between Axes from Machine Zero Point BC42/X2..... 3.5 Signs and Coordinate Values.... 3.6 Diameter Command... 3.7 Absolute and Incremental Commands Code} C-BC032/42 I H1-370 | Serial M9003 ~ Issue No, 251-0301 No. W201 ~ Date | 1999-7 Be 01.07 3-01Blank page) 3-02 Be 01.07BC32/42 Introduction to Programming 3.1 The NC Program ‘The Numerical Control (NC) program is a group of commands designed to operate the machine using the NC unit, These commands are simple alphanumeric codes designed to be readable by the NC unit as well as easy to use by the programmer. NUMERICAL CONTROL PROGRAM ‘what is NC (Numerical control)? ‘What is program? Instructions for controling the machine ‘according fo the predetermined procadures. ‘Sends information (commands) made up of numerical values tothe processing unit to ‘contal the machine operation, Before reading ahead for details on NC programs, try the following question as an example showing that NC programming is easy. Q Use the following four commands to complete the code to move from A to B in the following figure. (See the next page for the answer of this question.) Move straight to OO. 2) Gor . Move circularly t0 00. Is) Mos ‘Turn the start switch ON. ‘Turn the goal switch ON. x50 Codes 0 Mos (Turn the start switch ON >» ™e 4 G01 X10 ZO (Straight move to X= 10,Z= 0) 2 GOI X10 210 (Straight move oX=10,Z=-10) ™*? 3 (_ )X( )Z10 (Straight move to X = 20, Z=-10) 4 G02 X(_) Z20 (Circular move to X = 30, x20 5 ()X( 2 ) (Straight move to X= 20, 6 ( -)X()2() (**from X= **,Z= 6" x10 7 ( -)X()2C) ("from X=", Z: 7 8 ( )X()Z() (from X= **, xo # o o (Mz )eekom xaos Za 250 2-40 2-30 2-20 2-10 * 10( ) (Turn the goal switch on) ie i ‘The NC program is almost the same as codes above. (workpiece ‘The tool traces the programmed path to cut the workpiece enh) into the following form. tN Be 01.07 atBC32/42 Introduction to Programming ‘Cam control Cam shaft ® BO VW WY G= ‘Mechanical «| =| =! ‘The upléown movement of the cam is transmitted Aiecly tothe mechanism via the follower o lever. Analog 7 euiyoeus ayy ayziodo nok op MoH, The eam is first designed. The upldown movement of the cam in relation time is continuously given. In Time 1 cycle is angular ‘The entre process must be completed within 360°, qunowe vayena)3 1, om) weiBord & 81 eyM, ‘Limitation to complex and longtime machining. Forming the cam, of the metal machining of the ‘cam itself must be done first, Time and labors required to set the eam, + Comection sn change is dict ‘Forming the cam is costly + One machine canbe fited with only one cam for one workpiece 7 auyoe ou) Jo weg ou 81 3104 {201589 51 YOUN What are the differences between cam control and NC? ‘Numerical control (NC) + “The information ofthe program is converted into eletric Signals, to operate the mechanism by diving motors and ‘ming owott switches. Digital “The NC program is created and the operation commands ae constructed step by step according tthe process. Use chuck z Folate the spindle | (in 2.000r.p.m) v ‘elect front turing tool and perform positioning v 1 cycle is linear ‘As many commands as required can be specified. + No linittios bow long or complex te machining is. Software Just type the commands according to the designated ‘manne. The program can easily be rewriten, Very short ine is required forthe preparatory stage ‘+ Comeetion and modification is very easy: 1+ Storage does not require much space, The program ‘an be stored as long 8s necessary + Once programming is accomplished, the program can bbe made easily at any workshop, 1+ A-single machine ean store many types of programs, toe selected as necessary 32 Be 01.07BC32/42 Introduction to Programming 3.2 Control Axes BC32/42 ‘The BC32/42 is controlled with the following four driving axes: X11 axis: Moves the tool post up and down (in a diametral direction), Zi axis: Moves the tool post left and right (in a longitudinal direction). 22.axis : Moves the back spindle left and right (in a longitudinal direction). Caxis : Controls indexing the main spindle (angle indexing) Be 01.07 338032/42 Introduction to Programming 3.2.1 Control Axes BC42/ X2 The BC42/ X2 is controlled with the following five driving axes : X11 axis: Moves the tool post up and down (in a diametral direction). Zl axis : Moves the tool post left and right (in a longitudinal direction). Z2 axis: Moves the back spindle left and right (in a longitudinal direction). Caxis : Controls indexing the main spindle (angle indexing) X2 axis: Moves the back spindle up and down ( in a diametral direction) 33 Be 01.078032/42 Introduction to Programming 3.3 Setting the Coordinate System (G50) ‘The reference point used when a program is created is called the program zero point. Although the zer0 point can be set anywhere on the workpiece, in general, the X axis (X0) and Z axis set Z0 to the center of the workpiece and a position (stopper surface) in the Z+ direction from the machining start position, respectively. The coordinate system is therefore set with the machining start position asZ-LE Psion 285 rom the Z1 machin zero point +), | Stopper Machining start | S/°PP* peston Program zero point (X0ZO) L: Workpiece machining length A: Start poston shit amount (Enter the cutof tool with as the minimum shit ength) eso ZLL ‘The machining start position is "Z- [L_]" when viewed with the program zero point as Z0, where the program zero point is to be set to Z = 0. Be 01.07 a4BC32/42. Introduction to Programming 3.4 Positional Relationships between Axes from Machine Zero Point 35 Machine coordinate code (G53) ‘A. command of GS3X(—JZ(_1] instructs the machine to "move the tool from the machine zero point to a specified coordinate point XC—ZI—1" while ignoring the workpiece coordinate system. (The G53Z0 command moves the tool to the Z axis zero point.) Even when this command is issued, the workpiece coordinate system (a set of coordinates frdm the program zero point) remains valid as before the command is issued. Set the workpiece coordinate system appropriately as required. Be 01.078032/42 Introduction to Programming 3.4.1 Positional Relationships between Axes from Machine Zero Point BC42/x2 al Machine coordinate code (G53) ‘A command of GS3XL2]ZE— instructs the machine to "move the tool from the machine zero point to a specified coordinate point XT] 21" while ignoring the workpiece coordinate system. (The G53Z0 command moves the tool to the Z axis zero point.) Even when this command is issued, the workpiece coordinate system (a set of coordinates from the program zero point) remains valid as before the command is issued. Set the workpiece coordinate system appropriately as required. Be 01.07 35/1BC32/42. Introduction to Programming 3.5 Signs and Coordinate Values X25.0 2-15.0 x18.02:18.0 2<— ‘The tool direction is the X direction. ‘The material direction is ~Z direction 3.6 Diameter Command Coordinate values of the X axis are specified by diameters. \ This diameter is speciiod as "16.0", 36 Be 01.078032/42 Introduction to Programming 3.7 Absolute and Incremental Commands ‘The absolute command is used for the (X, Z) coordinate value of the target position and the incremental command is used to specify the move distances of X and Z axis directions. Absolute command Specifies the absolute coordinates of the target position from the program zero point. @l,az J) Incremental command Specifies the relative direction and distance of movement from the current position, ol, wo) Absolute ‘Absolute Incremental Incremental © x100 Z0 x U © uo Wo 4 Z Ww J @ 72-100 G H ® w-100 L L ® x20 2250 @ U100 W-15.0 + + ® X100 Z-100 ® U-100 WI5.0 JL 4 ® Zo © _wi00 ® ] Target — oes Yon Qa oo Qom Be 01.07 a7Product code Document code 38Chapter 4 Command Codes 4.1 Summary of Addresses Used in NC Programs... 4.2 G Functions (G Codes) 4.2.1 Rapid Feed (G00).......... 4.2.2 Linear Interpolation (G01)... 4.2.8 Circular Interpolation (G02, G03). 4.2.4 Dwell (G04) eens oe 4.3 F Functions (F Codes) (Cutting Feed Rate) 4.3.1 Cutting Feed Rate (F)...... ae seven 4.4 M Functions (M Codes)... 4.4.1 M Codes Table 4.4.2 Main Spindle Rotation and Stop (M03,M04 and M05). 4.5 S Functions (S Codes)... 4.6 T Functions (T Codes).... 46.1 Tool Length Offset and T Code Commands (Too! Selection) 419 Code | C-BC32/42 111-370 | Serial M9003 ~ Issue | 1999.7 No. 281-0401 No. we201 - Date Be 01.07 4-01(Blank page) 402 Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes 4.1 Summary of Addresses Used in NC Programs [As described in previous sections, commands used in NC programs are alphanumeric codes (alphabetic character and number) associated with some special symbols.The alphabetic character in each command is referred to as an address. Command address G00 Rapid feed G01 Linear cutting G02 Circular arc cutting (Preparation function) GCI eA Specified code (Machining pattem) = GOO. Ye Specified code Front machining Back front simutaneous machining G745 Back front simuitaneous 6780 machining 6750 Fickott Single back machining Spindle forward rotation Mos: Chuckclose MOS Coolant ON M52 (Auxiliary function) = MOI Se Specified code (Too! selection command) TAOOO Tool No. Oise No Be 01.07 Coordinate value address Move distance of iametrcal direction axis (X axis) xL_]mm (u) Move distance of longitudinal direction axis (2 axis) 22—]rmm ow Padus = AC_Imm ‘Angle indexing Time umm cm °) ” ‘Address for specifying cutting condition Spindle speed $0 = 0000 mint So Specified code Feed rate FL mmimin (nmtey) Program configuration address at832/42 Command Codes Program configuration ‘Axis control group command address sa Program No. ono000000 a —_——" Specified code Eight-digit command (00000000 cannet be set) This command can specify any program number within eight digits, except 8000 to 8999, and 9000 to 9999, (8000 to 8999 number is USER MACRO's option} Sesvenee Ne = Queuing command Sa — Five-digit command noo Arbitrary value te: Spely the | command eter a a single coe rin the ss cummend an specy any Ni: Soeyte lcormand itera sg cod LC format. sequence qurber within ve cigs. Note, rowover, thet Queuing No. for multi-axis control group L——1 'N99@ cannot be set. 42 Be 01.078032/42 Command Codes 4.2 G Functions (G Codes) ‘The G functions, specified by 2-digit numerals after the G, are preparatory functions. They also send the axis (XI, Z1, 22, C1) control command to the NC. [Command format | eoo Example: GOO Rapid feed GO1 Cutting feed ©G codes table G Code Function Group ©GO0 [Rapid feed positioning a GOT |Linear interpolation A ‘GO2__[Circular interpolation (clockwise) A ‘G03 [Circular interpolation (counterclockwise) A G04 [Dwell G28__[Reference point retum G32__ [Single point thread cutting A GAO [Tool nose radius offset cancel ie GA41_|Tool nose radius offset left ON c G42_ [Tool nose radius offset right ON ec G50 [Set the workpiece coordinate system. ie ‘G53__|Selact the machine coordinate system. c G80__[Synchronized cross tapping cycle OFF H G84_|Synchronized axial tapping eycle ON H G8B__ [Synchronized cross tapping cycle ON H G90 [Longitudinal (horizontal) turinig canned cycle H G92__|Thread cutting canned cycle H G96__ [Constant surface speed control ON E ©G97_[Constant surface speed control OFF F ‘G98__[Millimeter per minute feed D ©G99_[Millimeter per revolution feed D + Once specified, each G code belonging to group A, D, E, or F remains valid until another G code in the same group is specified. (These G codes are called modal G codes.) = The G codes marked a double circle © are selected when the power supply is tured on. Be 01.07 43BC32/42 Command Codes 4.2.1 Rapid Feed (G00) ‘The GOO command moves the tool rapidly to a specified coordinate point (X,Z) and position it, there. Rapid feed in the diametral (X-axis) direction (Fixing the Z axis) Goo Zz] Rapid feed in the longitudinal (Z-axis) direction (Fixing the X axis) G00 XC) ZO Simultaneous rapid feed in the diametral (X-axis) and longitudinal (Z-axis) directions (Moving both of the X and Z. axes) Program example 1 Move and position the tool from point A to point B (10.0, 0.5) Nol GOO X10.0 20.5 GOL Longitudinal cutting (Z) or diametral/longitudinal cutting (XZ) Chamfering ‘A machining program follows. Program example 1 Move and position the tool from point A to point B (21.0, -45.0) No2 GOO X21.0 Z-45.0 GO X-4.0 F0.02 ez An end process program follows. Note that the rapid feed rate is set for each axis (24,000 mm/min for the X axis; 24,000 mm/min for the Z axis). 44 Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes 4.2.2 Linear Interpolation (G01) Linear interpolation, in the NC terminology, is cutting the workpiece while moving the tool straight to a specified coordinate point (X,Z) at a specified speed. The cutting path of the tool moved for linear interpolation is a straight line. The speed (feed rate) is specified by address F. (For address F, see Section 4.3.1 "Cutting Feed Rate (F).") Cutting feed in the diametral (X-axis) direction (Fixing the Z axis) Gotz FL Cutting feed in the longitudinal (Z-axis) direction (Fixing the X axis) G01 XC] ZO) FL Simultaneous cutting feed (tapering) in the diametral (X-axis) and longitudinal (Z-axis) directions (Moving both of the X and Z axes) Program example 1 ‘© Straight cutting feed 1 Since this operation does not move the tool in the Z-axis (longitudinal) direction, the command requires no Z coordinate specified in the program. Cut the workpiece from point A to point B (-0.2,0). Gor x-0.2 FLO Program example 2 ‘© Straight cutting feed 2 Since this operation does not move the tool in the X-axis (diametral) direction, the command requires no X coordinate specified in the program. Cut the workpiece from point A to point B (18.0,- x a, 20.0). i ar LY Got 220.0 FLO i * YE Be 01.07 45BC32/42 Command Codes Program example 3 © Tapering ‘Tapering makes the cutting path of the tool a slanted straight line. Cut the workpiece from point A to point B (21.0,-20.0). Go1 X21.0 2-200 FL) ‘When switching to the cutting feed mode, pay attention to the spindle states such as its rotation, coolant, chuck. 46 Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes 4.2.3 Circular Interpolation (G02, G03) Circular interpolation, in the NC terminology, is cutting the workpiece while moving the tool on an. are with radius R (units in millimeters) to the specified coordinate point (X,Z) at a specified speed. ‘The cutting path of the tool moved for circular interpolation is an are. pmand format_| Go2 x) 2.) RO) FC. or Go3 XJ] 2 RO FL) Program example 1 + G02 Execute are machining from point A to point B (15.0,-8.0). Point A = (X5.0,Z-3.0) Goo X5.0 20.5 en Go1 23.0 FL G02 X15.0 Z-8.0 R5.0 FL Gor 2 FL) Program example 2 = G03 Execute arc machining from point A to point B (16.0,-8.0). Point A = (X0,Z0) Got X01 FO x0 G03 X16.0 2-80 R80 FL) Gor Zz] FC) Be 01.07 47BC32/42 Command Codes Distinguishing between G02 and Gos Use the G02 or G03 code selectively as shown below, depending on the direction in which you want to move the tool and on the desired form of the workpiece after being cut. ‘© Moving the tool in the ~ (minus) direction of the Z axis To cut the workpiece into a convex form... GOB To cut the workpiece into a concave Form. ......GO2 Note ‘+ For circular interpolation in the + (plus) direction of the Z axis, replace G02 and GO3 with each other. « When switching to the cutting feed mode, pay attention to the spindle states such as its rotation, coolant, chuck. 48 Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes 4.2.4 Dwell (G04) Dwell in the NC terminology means suspending the program for a specified period of time. Specify the G04 command in the following format in the program. (Command format | G04 UL) or = Go4X o = GaP) [-— Dwell time in seconds Program example ‘To suspend the program for 2.5 seconds, specify the G04 command as follows: G04 U2.5 or G04 X2.5 or G04 P2500 ‘© When the machine encounters the G04 command specified as above, it suspends program execution for 2.5 seconds before executing the next block after executing the preceding block, + When specifying address P for a dwell for 2.5 seconds, specify the command as G04 P2500 because no decimal point can be used with address P. ‘© The maximum dwell time is 99999.999 seconds. Dwell is started after the speed specified in the preceding block becomes zero. Purposes of dwell commands 1) To wait until the spindle speed reaches the value specified in the program for thread cutting. See the sections describing the tapping and outer diameter thread cutting processes. 2) To perform deep hole machining (stepping) using a drill. See the section describing the drilling process, 3) To stabilize the groove diameter. See the section describing the grooving process. Be 01.07 49BC82/42 Command Codes 4.3 F Functions (F Codes) (Cutting Feed Rate) 4.3.1 Cutting Feed Rate (F) fies the feed rate for linear or circular cutting (interpolation). FL] Feed rate command ‘The cutting feed cannot be executed unless these F codes are specified ‘The feed rate given by the F command function maintains the current state (modal) until the next command is specified. (The cutting feed is executed by the F code used in the previous machining.) ‘The feed rate is specified according to the cutting shape of "G01", "G02", and "G03" codes. ‘There are 2 types of the feed rate, G98 : mm/min. (per minute feed : distance of the tool in mm per minute) G99 ; mm/tev (per revolution feed : distance of the tool in mm per spindle revolution) The G99 state is assumed when the power is turned on, When switching the feed method from G99 to G98 in a block of GO1 cutting block, the G code must come before the F code. G98 Go xX] 20) FL) Move disdance per Move disdance per ome mi (rotation (mmirev) m7 Pr minute feed Per rotation feed Per Minute Feed Per Revolution Feed Description | The feed distance of the tool inmm | The feed distance of the tool in mm per per minute spindle revolution. Designation F F and Address Designated G G98 G99 Code Input Feed mm/min ~ 8000mm/min ‘0.001 mm/ev ~ 999.999 to mm/rev Rate Range ‘Override [Both per minute feed and per rotation feed are fixed in 100%, FFeed rate changes by 10% in this case. 4-10 Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes Estimation from G98 and G99 8000mm/ mi ‘The maximum value for F in the per rotation feed is: F(mm/rev) < “Sige speed (min) Determine the proper feed rate by tables of the cutting conditions. Note | The cutting feed rate of the back spindle, like that of the main spindle, requires the per minute feed and per rotation feed commands. Be 01.07 anBC32/42 Command Codes 4.4 M Functions (M Codes) ‘The M functions, specified by 2-digit numerals after the M, are miscellaneous functions. ‘They are used to specify ON and OFF operations of various switches in programs 4.4.1 _M Codes Table M Code Function, Description M00 [Program Stop [Stops the automatic operation. M01 [Optional Stop [Stops automatic operation when the switch is turned on. MO2*_[Cycle Stop [Stops one-cycle operation at this point. MO3__|Main Spindle Fforward Rotation [Starts the main spindle forward rotation. M04__[Main Spindle Reverse Rotation [Starts the main spindle reverse rotation, MO5 [Main Spindle Stop [Stops the main spindle rotation, M067_[Main Spindle Chuck Close [Closes the main spindle chuck. M07" [Main Spindle Chuck Open [Opens the main spindle chuck. MOB [Enable Bar Stock Exchange Program [Starts the material replacement program. M09 [Bar Stock Exchange Program Complete [Completes the material replacement program. Mi5*_[Back Spindle Chuck Close [Closes the back spindle chuck. M16*_[Back Spindle Chuck Open. [Opens the back spindle chuck. M18*__[Enable Main Spindle C-Axis [Prepares C-axis control. M20[Main Spindle Index And C-Axis Release [Terminates C-axis control M23_[Back Spindle Forward Rotation [Starts the back spindle forward rotation, M24 [Back Spindle Reverse Rotation [Starts the back spindle reverse rotation. M25_ [Back Spindle Stop [Stops the back spindle rotation. M28" [Main Spindle Index [Performs a series of spindle indexing operations. lauass***) Mi __|Workpiece Conveyor On lWorkpiece conveyor start ON (Option) M32" |Workpiece Separator Advance [Advances the workpiece separator Maa*_|Workpiece Separator Retract [Returns the workpiece separator. M34" [Back Spindle Work Separation [Performs a series of axis feed, chuck open, knock- lout, separator advance, and separator return loperations. Wd [Back Spindle Servo On Zero Return [Used in macros (Usually not used) Mat [Back Spindle Servo On [Used in macros (Usually not used) M4 [Waiting For Bar Loading Finish [Used when remnant bar forward discharged. MBO [Back Spindle Pick-Off Failure Detection [After cutoff machining, rotating the main spindle at low speed and inserts the MSO command. 1451 [Tool Breakage Detection On [Starts cut-off tool break detection. (Option) M52__[Coolant On [Starts the coolant dischage. M53_—_[Coolant Off [Stops the coolant discharge. Mé4__ [Bar Loader Torque Off [Stops the bar feeding. M55__ [Bar Loader Start [Starts the bar loader material replacement, M56 [Products Count, [Perform the product count. M57 |Cycle Stop (Sub Program) [Stops the automatic operation in I eyele mode for sub-program). M6 Tool Spindle Forward Rotation Starts the tool spindle forward rotation, M59 [Tool Spindle Reverse Rotation [Starts the tool spindle reverse rotation. M60__ |Tool Spindle Stop [Stops the tool spindle rotation, i61-M@5 [External M Code [Used when optional function is added, (Option) ‘M70. [Main Spindle C-Axis Servo On Zero Return [Used in macros (Usually not used) M71__[Main Spindle C-Axis Servo ON [Used in macros (Usually not used) M72___[Back Spindle Ait Blow On M73 _ [Back Spindle Air Blow Off M77 [Waiting For Completion OF Spindle |Waits for synchronization of the main and back [synchronization spindles. (Option) 442 Be 01.078C32/42 Command Codes MGode Function Description ‘M78 [Back Spindle Indexing JA series of back spindle indexing operation lau7ssee=) (Option) 179 |Back Spindle Indexing Cancel, Back spindle [Terminates Spindle Indexing Control. (Option) |Servo off. 184 [Cutting Start Interlock Enabled [Cutting is not starting until spindle speed reaches line specified value M85 [Cutting Start Interlock Disabled [Starts the cutting regardless of spindle speed. MBE [Back Spindle Speed Fluctuation Detection On [Enables abnormal rotation detection ofthe back \spindle. Ma7__ [Back Spindle Speed Fluctuation Detection Off |Disables abnormal rotation detection of the back spindle {HBB [Back Spindle Torque Lower Limit selection [Sets the Back spindle torgue to 25% ‘M89 __ [Back Spindle Torque Upper Limit H selection |Sets the back spindle torque to 50%. M90__ [Back Spindle Torque Limit Off Sets the back spindle torque to 100%. M92 [Error Detect On [Turns error detection on (for higher precision in ledge processing). M93 _[Error Detect Off |Turns error detection off. M96 [Main Spindle Speed Fluctuation Detection On [Enables abnomal rotation detection of the main spindle MOT — [stain Spindle Speed Foctuation Detection Off Disables abnomal rotation detection oF the main spindle. 1198 [Sub Program Calls subprogram, M99 Return To Main Program [Be sure to insert this code atthe ends of te main rogram and subprograms M110 [Coolant 2 On, Starts discharging coolant 2. (Option) Mi11[Coolant2 Off Stops discharging coolant 2. (Option) MA17__[Back Spindle Phase Memory [FOR SYSTEM) |Automatically controlled usually by G999_ M1 [Interference Check Disabled Disables interference check M119 [Interference Check Enabled Enables interference check, M120 [Turret Index Prepration M Code [Used in macros (Usually not used) M121_ [Turret Index Completion M Code_ [Used in macros (Usually not used) M129 [Waiting For Completion OF TI Axis Servo On [Used in macros (Usually not used) M125 __|NC Reset & Rewind [FOR SYSTEM] [Used in macros (Usually not used) M126 [Non-Conditional Optional Stop [FOR [Used in macros (Usually not used) |SYSTEM] THAT |Request For Recalculation [FOR SYSTEM) [Used in macros (Usually not wsed) [Notes _| Be 01.07 ‘» The M codes marked an asterisk (*) used macros. «# Specify these macro M codes alone. Do not specify these codes along with any other code in the same block.BC32/42 Command Codes 4.4.2 Main Spindle Rotation and Stop (M03,M04 and M05) M03 Spindle forward rotation start MO4 Spindle reverse rotation atart M05 Spindle rotation stop Main spindle chuck £~ wos — a Material «Upto four M codes can be specified in the same block. If the program works normally with a series of M codes specified in a single block, you should put them in the same block as possible to shorten the cycle time, {_Notes_| '* Specifying M codes for conflicting functions (such as M3 and M4) at the same time causes the machine to freeze. «© If you specify M25 (back spindle stop) and M16 (back spindle chuck open) at the same time during high-speed rotation of the back spindle, the machine opens the chuck before stopping the spindle. «© When specifying M codes at the same time, check their effects and the resulting operations of the machine in advance. © Mcodes which use macros and M99 must be specified in separate blocks. 44 Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes 4.4.3. Product Separation (M32, M33, M34) ‘The M32, M33, and M34 commands are used to collect the product by advancing the chute set under the back spindle and moving the back spindle to the specified position. ‘This machine provides the following two methods for collecting the product: # Using the chute-type workpiece separator to collect the product processed only by front ‘machining (without back machining) «A series of operations to collect the product after back machining with the back spindle, End-point queuing X position. The 22 axis finishes advancing when the X axis reaches the specified position. End-position queuing is not performed with this argument omitted. Feed rate (per minute) at which the Z2 axis moves to the product separation position. ‘The Z2 axis moves in rapid feed with this argument omitted. ‘22 axis product separation position (relative to machine coordinate Z2 150.0). Argument WO sets the Z2 axis to the standard position (machine coordinate 22 = -150.0). If this argument is omitted, only the chute moves forward without moving the Z2 axis. 2. Collecting and returning the front-machined product {Command format | Feed rate (per minute) at which the Z2 axis moves to the return position. ‘The Z2 axis moves in rapid feed with this argument omitted. Z2 axis return position (relative to machine coordinate Z2 = 125.0). ‘Argument WO sets the Z2 axis to the standard position (machine coordinate Z2 = 125.0). If this argument is omitted, only the chute moves backward without moving the Z2 axis. Be 01.07 415BC32/42 Command Codes 3. A series of operations for collecting the product using the back spindle ‘This method is a series of operations for collecting the back-machined product by chucking it on the back spindle. [Command format | lL met m34 SCOWCJECIFC_TCI | Air blow time. The machine blows air for two seconds with this argument omitted. Feed rate (per minute) at which the back spindle moves to the knock-out position while blowing air. | The default feed rate is 5000 mm/minute. Product knock-out feed rate. (Product separation) ‘The default feed rate is 5000 mm/minute, 2 axis return position (relative to machine coordinate Z2 = 125.0). this argument is omitted, the Z2 axis moves to the position 125.0 mm away from the machine zero point. ‘The back spindle speed during the air blow. The back spindle does not rotate without this argument. Other operation for product separation using the M34 code conform to the basic operations shown below. ‘The M34 command can be specified only in the $2 program, Basic operations 1. Move the back spindle (Z2 axis) to the return position (default ‘machine coordinate Z2 = 125.0) in rapid feed. (W argument) 2, Advance the separator. (M32) 3. Open the back spindle chuck. (M16) 4, Move the back spindle (Z2 axis) to the knock-out position (machine coordinate) in cutting feed (G98) to knock out the product. (E argument) 5, Move the back spindle (Z2 axis) to the return position (machine coordinate Z2 = 125.0) in rapid feed. Start the workpiece conveyor. (M31) ‘Turn on the back spindle air blower. (M72) Rotate the back spindle, (M23 S2 = 500) ‘Move the back spindle (Z2 axis) to the knock-out position (machine coordinate Z2 = 165.0) in cutting feed (G98) while blowing air. (F argument) 10, Have the back spindle blow air for two seconds. (T argument) LL. Move the back spindle (Z2 axis) to the return position (machine coordinate Z2 = 125.0) in rapid feed. 12. Return the separator, (M33) 13. Tum off the back spindle air blower. (M73) 14, Stop the back spindle. (M25) 416 Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes 4.5 S Functions (S Codes) The S functions specified in the following format are also called rotation functions, used to specify their respective spindle speeds. ‘Main spindle Back spindle Rotary tool spindle Calculate each spindle speed from the following equation and round it off to the nearest whole number. v N : Spindle speed (min") N=7p x1.000 V. : Cutting speed (m/min) D_; Material diameter (mm), or hole diameter for drilling ; Circular constant (Approx. 3.14) Spindle speed ranges Main spindle (sl) 80-8,000 min” Back spindle (82) 606,000 min‘ Rotary tool spindle ($3) 45~4,500 min’! Example: $1=3000...... Sets the main spindle speed to 3,000 min switching to the cutting feed mode, pay attention to the spindle states such as its rotation, coolant, chuck. Be 01.07 4A7BC32/42 Command Codes 4.6 T Functions (T Codes) 418 T codes serve as tool selection commands each consisting of address T and the two-digit tool number to be selected, followed by two zeros (00) or by a two-digit tool wear offset number. ‘Tool selection commands can be used to select standard front machining tools (TO1 to T12), standard back machining tools (T21 to T32), and an optional intermediate indexing function. Tools can be mounted on up to 12 stations, Note that different tools numbers are assigned to front machining and back machining tools even on the same station. ‘When back machining tools are mounted on a station which has front machining tools TO1, T02, and so on, for example, the back machining tool numbers are T21, T22, and so on. «« The intermediate indexing function requires a dedicated tool holder. # When a milling or slitting spindle is used for front machining, no tool can be mounted on either of the adjacent holders (4108.01 and 4950.01) below the spindle. ‘When holder 4108.02 is used, no tool can be mounted on either of the adjacent holders above. «Intermediate indexing holders (4911.01 and 4911.02.) can be installed on every other station; they cannot be installed on consecutive stations. # The double sleeve holder (4107.01) is mounted on the end face drilling spindle and is used for end face drilling during front or back machining. # Tools can be selected from among the standard front machining tools (101 to T12), standard back machining tools (T21 to T32), and the optional intermediate indexing function. Specify TO1 to T12 for $1 and T21 to T32 for $2. # When the turret is clamped or unclamped, the Z1 axis moves about 3.5 ‘mm in synchronization with the Z2 axis not to move the fool bit point in the Z-axis direction, When the Z1 axis is close to the 22 axis, be careful to prevent interference between the two axes. Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes 4.6.1 Tool Length Offset and T Code Commands (Tool Selection) Usually, several tools are used to machine one workpiece, Since individual tools are different in tool length, they need their respective programs and the programs must be modified when the tools are replaced with new ones. To eliminate such work which requires time and labor, the machine can input the length of each tool to the cutting position from the holder mounting position of the turret as the reference position so that the machine can use the input data as offset data for machining ‘When a tool is selected with aT code command, the current tool used for the preceding process is replaced by that new tool according to the data set in the NC unit, allowing the new process using, the new tool can be programmed with the same zero point. This system is called tool length offset or geometry offset. Holging mounting reference poston Machine zero point | Length variable wth exch too a \ | program zeo LL Bort 1. Basic four-digit T code command Command format | TooAs | Indicates a tool wear offset number. Indicates a tool number and a tool length offset number. Basic operations 1, The X axis moves in rapid feed to the tool exchange point (machine coordinate X1 = 260.0) 2. The tool is replaced (with the turret indexed). 3. The tool length and tool wear offsets are set. Be 01.07 419BC32/42 Command Codes 2. T code intermediate index commands (ammand format | TOOAA EO EO: Selects the outside point of the turret standard station. (standard) .. (optional) El: Selects the upper point of turret intermediate inde: E2: Selects the lower point of turret intermediate indexing. (optional) Indicates a tool wear offset number. Indicates the standard station number as the reference for the E number. ‘The tool length offset number is expressed as IOEO. ‘Standard station ‘Standard station FO, EI, and E2 are mutually exclusive. 3. T code quick indexing commands ‘This command selects tool TIO at the current position without moving either of the X1 and Z1 (22) axes to the tool exchange point. 4-20 Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes 4. T Code Accelerated Commands Specifying the following arguments executes axis positioning concurrently with turret clamping/unclamping, shortening the idle time for tool replacement. [Command format | ToOoOAA Bl R1 (R2) ‘Moves the XI axis after moving the Z1 (22) axis when the axes retum after tool replacement. Moves the Z1 (Z2) axis after moving the X1 axis when the axes return after tool replacement. Coordinate of the position to which the Z1 (Z2) axis returns after the tool is replaced. When the Z argument is not specified, the ZI (Z2) axis does not move, Coordinate of the position to which the X1 axis returns after the tool is replaced. When the X argument is not, specified, the X1 axis does not move. Coordinate of the position to which the Z1 (Z2) axis returns when the tool is replaced. When the B argument is not specified, the Z1 (Z2) axis does not move. Coordinate of the position to which the X1 axis returns when the tool is replaced. ‘When the A argument is not specified, the X1 axis retums to the tool exchange point. Program example T0100 Specifies tool replacement. G00 X26.0 Z-63.0 TO2 .... Specifies positioning in rapid feed with tool wear offset number 02. ‘You can streamline the above listing as follows: T0102 X26.0 Z-63.0 ‘Specifies tool replacement and positioning in rapid feed concurrently with turret clamping, with tool wear offset number 02. « Accelerating the operation causes tool paths to overlap. Be sure to check that it does not result in any interference. Determine the tool paths so that they do not interfere with each other with a minimum clearance of 10 mm or more in between. « The A, B, X, and Z arguments can be specified alone in the same T code command. © Ri and R2 are mutually exclusive. © These arguments are also available to intermediate indexing commands. © The quick command (Q1) and each of these arguments are mutually exclusi Be 01.07 4-21BC32/42 Command Codes + Before replacing an outer diameter machining tool, escape the tool away from the material diameter. Before replacing an inner diameter machining tool, put the tool away from the end face of the workpiece. ‘« In this Programmer's Manual, accelerated T code commands are not used in some program examples to simplify machine operations, A Caution The turret turns to select the specified tool. Be careful not to cause interference with the tool to be selected or between any tool and the material during rotation of the turret. 4-22 Be 01.07BC32/42 Command Codes (Blank page) Be 01.07 aeProduct code e]-fsfefa fat ]+f2] a /1-b ile Document code 2{E)1|-|o +]o 1| 4-24 Be 01.07Chapter 5 Programming Practice (Turning) 5.1 Process of Program Creation. 5.2 Machining Data 5.2.1 Machining Data Screen .. 5.2.2 Machining Data Items. 5.3 Programming Practice. 5.3.1 Program Structure ... 5.3.2 Preparation Process .. 5.3.3 Cut-off and Ending Processes: 5.3.8.1. Method for picking off a workpiece by the back spindle... 5.3.4 Material Replacing Programs With Automatic Material Feeding 5.4 Machining Processes... 5.4.1. Front Turing Process. 5.42 Back Turning Process 5.4.3 Grooving Process 5.5 Thread Cutting with the Threading Tool 5.5.1 G92 Thread Cutting Canned Cycle. 5.5.2 G92 - Taper Thread Cutting Canned Cycle. 5.6 Center Hole Drilling... 5.6.1. Center Drilling 5.6.2 Driling.. £69 Thread Cutting with Taps and Dies 5.6.4. Adjusting for Longitudinal Direction Coordinate Shit and Canceling the Coordinate Shift AmountS-26 5.6.5 Program example (Adjusting for Diameter and Longitudinal Direction Coordinate Shift and Canceling the Coordinate Shift Amount) ee 5-27 Code | C-BC32/421 10-370 | Serial M9003 ~ Issue | 19997 No, 261-0501 No. we201 ~ Date Be 01.07 5-01(Blank page) ee Be 01.075.1 Process of Program Creation (1) The Workpiece Drawing ‘The drawing is the basis for an NC program. (2) Creating the Machining Layout Specify the number of the tool used, the cutting path, and cutting procedure. (3) Creating the Tool Layout Describe the shape of the tool, the dimensions of tool width, and the tool number. BC32/42 Programming Practice (Turning) Material: SUM24 30 ® © ®@ ®@ mm 18 Tore ~-Lstpper oe (4) Setting the Spindle Speed and Feed Rate Select the proper cutting conditions. Cutting speed © In-feed amount © Feed rate Be 01.07BC32/42 Programming Practice (Turning) (5) Reading the Coordinate Values r.Ot~‘— (91.0,288) (24.0,30.0) (9}.0,21.9) (24.0, 38.0) (26.9,1.0) (216-40.2) a, (4.0,40.0) Pp 22.0.0) P0.0) (6) Coding the Program Code the program according to the machining [OOOO layout, starting from the preparation process St $2 before startup of the program. G50 X0 Z-40.0 Mo7 G98 GO1 W43.0 F5000 G04 UO.5 (7) Entering and Saving the Program 20.2 F2000 G04 U0.5 Enter the writte NC moe intel nn program to NC memory. meal G00 W2.0 s1=0000M03 (8) Entering the Machining Data 112.7300 G00 X31.0 Z0 T3 Enter machining data such as the material G01 X-0.5 F0.05 outer diameter and start position shift amount. | X22.0 F0.1 (See Section 8.6 on the next page.) X24.0 Z-1.0 F0.05 Z-19.8 F0.08 X28.0 (®) Selecting the program X31.0 Z-21.3 F0.05 Select the program to be executed. (10) On-machine check Execute the program to run the machine. Evaluate the contents of the program and fix the program as required. (11) Check cutting Load and cut a material to check the results of cutting. « The program for the $2 axis control group is omitted here. For details on programming the $2 axis control group, see the relevant program examples in Chapter 10. 5 52 Be 01.078032/42. Programming Practice (Turning) 5.2 Machining Data 5.2.1 Machining Data Screen Machining data is required for automatic operation and for preparation for operation. It is handled in almost the same way as machining programs; it is registered in memory. ‘Machining data can be created or edited in the background, except the machining data currently being used for machine operation ‘The Machining Data screen displays the currently valid settings for machining data items, which are used for various machine operations such as automatic operation and preparation, the machine data settings remain unchanged even when you go to any other screen or turning off the machine. This section describes how to set machining data loaded from memory along with an executable program when the program is selected Bar Stock 0.D, Tool Positioning Point (DIA) cut-off Toot cuc-0re Speed cut-oee Feed Cut-Off Fad (DTA) Machining Length. Pieces/1chuck ‘Tubing Bar Stock 1.D. Back Spindle Chuck POS Start P03 Tool to. Scart Position shite Back Spindle 8.2.2 Machining Data Items 1 Bar Stock OD. Enter the outer diameter of the material to be machined with the machining program currently selected to be executed. 2.Tool Positioning Point (DIA) Before cut-off machining in the Preparation mode, the cut-off tool stops at the positioning point (X = material outer diameter + tool positioning point). Cut-off machining is actually started after restarted. Enter the value converted to a diameter from the distance in millimeters from the material, at which the tool is to stop. 3.Cut-Off Tool Enter the number of the tool to be used for cut-off machining in the Preparation mode. Cut-off machining cannot be performed unless the tool has been selected. Be 01.07 53BC32/42 Programming Practice (Turning) 4.Cut-Off Speed Before cut-off machining in the Preparation mode, the cut-off tool stops at the positioning point. When cut-off machining is restarted, the spindle starts rotation at the spindle speed specified here. The spindle stops rotation on completion of cut-off machining. 5.Cut-Off Feed Before cut-off machining in the Preparation mode, the cut-off machining tool stops at the positioning point. ‘When the spindle speed reaches the Cut-Off Speed value in item 4 after restarting cut-off machining, the tool operates at the cut-off feed rate specified here. 6.Cut-Off End (DIA) Enter the position at which cut-off machining terminates in the Preparation mode. 7.Machining Length ‘Usually, enter the length of the workpiece to be machined. Note that the cut-off tool width is included not in this Machining Length; it is included in Start Position Shift in item 12. 8.Pieces/1Chuck Number of workpieces to be produced by a single chuck. Typically, enter 1. |_Note | This item cannot be set to a value which causes the Machining Length value to exceed the ZI axis stroke (200 mm). 9.Tubing Bar Stock LD. {f the workpiece to be machined is a pipe material, enter the inner diameter. For a solid material, enter 0. 10.Back Spindle Chuck POS For back machining with the back spindle chucking a workpiece, enter the distance from the workpiece coordinate zero point to the chuck position (spindle cap front end). (Back spindle chuck position) = (Overall workpiece length) ~ (Programmed chuck position) Enter this distance pH & p__ Fee Workpiece coordinate f aoa Chuck position 11.Start POS Tool No. ‘Number of the tool to be used start position operation in the Preparation mode. The start position operation cannot be performed unless the tool has been selected. Usually, the stopper is used for the start position tool. 54 Be 01.078032/42 Programming Practice (Turning) 12.Start Position Shift Distance from the spindle end face to the right end of the cut-off tool. The cut-off tool width is included in this distance. In general, enter 6 mm or more. 13.Back Spindle Specify the name of the holder attached to the back tool post by selecting it from the list. Typically, select "Standard." Leave this setting as Standard, Normally, this machining data is not used. Note ‘These items of machining data have their respective initial values. When ‘you create a new program, it reflects the initial values by default, Xt, Z1 machine ‘coordinate (X020) Machining stat Stopper positon Program zero point ‘A: Star position shift amount [L: Machining length Be 01.07 558032/42 Programming Practice (Turning) 5.3 Programming Practice 5.3.1 Program Structure 56 Preparation process Machining process eof 4 souenbes ss0001g Gea9 999 N999) N999 ‘Moz Moz Moo Mga % % \ Guidelines for Designing a Machining Program For outer diameter tuming and hole machining, select the processes supposed to be the best for them in the program sequence according to the machining drawing, Perform outer diameter turing in several steps efficiently, including appropriate in-feed operations, while changing parameters such as the spindle speed for each of the steps. If your workpiece requires back turning, cut it in several steps as during front turing. Program the cut-off process in the $1 program The G999 code (last program command) must be followed by the last program coded in the $1 or $2 program. The N999 code terminates machining (in both of the $1 and $2 programs). Be 01.07032/42 Programming Practice (Turning) 5.3.2 Preparation Process ‘The preparation process sets the conditions required for a cycle operation and initiates the operation 21200 trom the 21 axis machine zero point jm 4 |" acinar || poston | octy¢| | \ program zero point (0.20) LL: Workpiece machining length ‘A: Start position shift amount (lnput the cut-off tool width as the minimum value.) ‘Set the coordinate system G50 X0Z-[_L © Return the material and stopper to the program zero point with the chuck left open. # Close the chuck Concept of the program zero point L_] =1) Product overall length (25.0) A_] =2) Cut-off tool width + or (Start position shift amount as y machining data) Cutoff too! Kiting stat posiion | Program zero point ® | Os (x0.20) ‘Machine zero point Be 01.07 578032/42 Programming Practice (Turning) Preparation process program Program example oooo0o0 .... Program number st sroneeAxis control group number 1 GO G53 XO Z0+#818+#991+#958 @50 X0z- LS] Set the workpiece coordinate system Mo7 vn Open the main spindle chuck G98 GO1 W F5000 sss Move stopper by the W-specified amount at 5000 mm/min G04 0.5 _..Dwell for 0.5 second Z0.2 F2000 _uuMove stopper to a front face turning allowance of 0.2 mm G04 U0.5 vs Dwell for 0.5 second Mos Close the main spindle chuck G99 Mog Per rotation feed G04 V0.5 _Dwell for 0.5 second G00 W2.0 . ‘Set the stopper-material clearance to 2 mm_ s1 =0000 mos sooRotate the main spindle forward nooo Too00 sonnenSelect the tool Set variables 1) to 9) for each product. Enter the product overall length. Enter "the workpiece overall length via variable #818." Specify (material diameter + 1.0 mm), (CS Specity (workpiece overall length + cut-off tool shift amount + cut-off tool width), [SJ Specify (shortcut amount + cut-off tool shift amount + cut-off tool width). Specify (the value in © + 2.0), Change the command with the pull-out claw. ([S] Cut-off spindle speed. [31] Curoff feed rate. ‘= The program for the $2 axis control group is omitted here. For details on programming the $2 axis control group, see the relevant program examples in Chapter 10. 58 Be 01.07BC32/42 Programming Practice (Turing) 5.3.3 Cut-off and Ending Processes 5.3.3.1 Method for picking off a workpiece by the back spindle Program example st Axis control group number 1 Noooroooo svn Select the tool s1-0000 _wo Specify the main spindle speed Gooz- Too _...Position the cut-off tool at the cut-off position G114.1 Ht D-2 G750 ase Specify pick-off machining xo] wt _..Queue axis control group 1 for axis control group 2 G01 G99 X-1.0 F0.03 Cut off the workpiece Mos M25 Stop the rotation of the main and back spindles G04 U1.5 ..seeeDwell for 1.5 second $1=300 M03 ...Rotate the main spindle forward at 300 min" G04 U0.5 ...eD well for 0.5 second Mso -nowPerform pick-off failure detection 1L2 Queue axis control group 1 for axis control group 2 Mos the rc of the main spindle mos _ faterial replace program| <~ Be sure to insert material replace | Mos «nunMaterial replace program! prostate iron inserig them | IMig8 P8000 ‘Material replace program) eee between the stopper Material replace program| —_ and material. "Product count _.Start the last program Terminate the last program Toooo Deselect tool geometry GO G53 XO ZO TOO . Move the Z1 axis to the start position ‘Move the X axis to the start position Moz End this single cycle M99 Return to the beginning of the program % «© The program for the $2 axis control group is omitted here. For details on programming the $2 axis control group, see the relevant program. examples in Chapter 10. Be 01.07 59