Module 02 NSCP Seismic Provisions

MODULE 02
NSCP SEISMIC PROVISIONS

PART I – SEISMIC WAVES
PART II – EARTHQUAKE RESISTING STRUCTURES
PART III – INTRODUCTION TO LATERAL FORCE PROCEDURES AND NSCP SEISMIC
PROVISIONS OF BUILDING STRUCTURES
CE0043 Earthquake Engineering Engr. Karen S. Galoso

3rd Semester, AY 2023-2024 Civil Engineering Department
PART I
SEISMIC WAVES
Review: Waves
Waves – transfer of energy from

one place to another.
Displacement
Seismic waves – energy

waves released during
earthquake.
Review: Waves
Transverse
Longitudinal
Review: Waves
1 2 𝑃
𝐸 = 𝑘𝐴 𝐼=
2 𝐴
Simple Harmonic Motion Wave Intensity
E – total energy I – intensity
k - force constant P – power (P=E/T)
A - amplitude A – area
𝑬∝𝑨 𝟐 𝟏
𝑰∝ 𝟐
𝒓
Seismic Waves
Body waves Surface waves

(within the body of the Earth) (along Earth’s surface)
P-wave S-wave Love wave Rayleigh wave
longitudinal transverse transverse longitudinal
moves through solids, moves through solids
faster than Rayleigh spreads out the most
liquids, and even gases only
P-Wave S-Wave
P-Wave S-Wave Epicenter
Lag Time Travel Time Travel Time Origin Time
Arrival Time Arrival Time Distance
(in min) (in min)
How long does it take
a P-wave to travel
4,000 km?
Answer: 7 minutes
How long does it take
an S-wave to travel
4,000 km?
Answer: 12 min 40 sec
How far can an S-
wave travel in 9
minutes?
Answer: 2,600 km
How far can a P-
wave travel in 9
minutes?
Answer: 5,600 km
If an earthquake
occurs at 08:50:40,
what time did the P-
wave arrive at a
seismic station 2,600
km away?
08:50:40
+00:05:00
Answer: 08:55:40
If an S-wave arrives
at a station 4,400 km
away at 07:45:00, what
time did the
earthquake originate?
07:45:00
- 00:13:40
Answer: 07:31:20
An epicenter station
is 7,600 km away.
How long after the
first P-wave did the
first S-wave arrive?
An epicenter station
is 7,600 km away.
How long after the
first P-wave did the
first S-wave arrive?
Answer: 9 min 0 sec
An S-wave arrived at
a seismic station
6,200 km away at
04:48:00. What time
did the first P-wave
arrive at this station?
An S-wave arrived at
a seismic station
6,200 km away at
04:48:00. What time
did the first P-wave
arrive at this station?
04:48:00
- 00:07:40
Answer: 04:40:20
The first P-wave
arrived at a seismic
station at 10:00:00.
The first S-wave
arrived at the same
seismic station at
10:08:40. How far is
this seismic station
from the epicenter?
The first P-wave
arrived at a seismic
station at 10:00:00.
The first S-wave
arrived at the same
seismic station at
10:08:40. How far is
this seismic station
from the epicenter?
Answer: 7,200 km
PART II
EARTHQUAKE RESISTING
STRUCTURES
Seismic Engineering Design
Basic Concept
“To construct structures that will not be
damaged in minor tremors and will avoid serious
damage or collapse in a major earthquake.”
Why structures collapse?

• Failure of the soil
• Failure of foundation
• Failure of soft floors
• Failure of building
Earthquake Resisting System

• Base Isolation System
• Seismic Damper
• Building Reinforcement
• Shear walls and cross bracing
• Diaphragms
• Moment-resisting frames
Earthquake-proof Structures
Sabiha Gökçen International Airport

Istanbul, Turkey
EQ Feature: Triple friction pendulum
Transamerica Pyramid
San Francisco, California
EQ Feature: 52-foot-deep steel and concrete foundation,
truss system above the first level
Burj Khalifa
Dubai, UAE
EQ Feature: Deep foundation system, damping system,
advanced structural system
Taipei 101
Taipei, Taiwan
EQ Feature: Tuned mass damper
Philippine Arena
Bulacan, Philippines
EQ Feature: Lead rubber bearings
PART III
INTRODUCTION TO LATERAL FORCE
PROCEDURES AND NSCP SEISMIC
PROVISIONS OF BUILDING
STRUCTURES
Static Force Procedure
208.5.2.1 Design Base Shear

The total design base shear in a given direction shall be determined
from the follow equation:
𝑪𝒗 𝑰
𝑽= 𝑾 (208-8)
𝑹𝑻
The total design base shear shall not exceed the following:
𝟐. 𝟓𝑪𝒂 𝑰
𝑽= 𝑾 (208-9)
𝑹
208.5.2.1 Design Base Shear

The total design base shear shall not be less than the following:
𝑽 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝑪𝒂 𝑰𝑾 (208-10)
In addition, for Seismic Zone 4, the total design base shear shall
also not be less than following:
𝟎. 𝟖𝒁𝑵𝒗 𝑰
𝑽= 𝑾 (208-11)
𝑹
208.5.2.2 Structure Period

1. Method A:
For all buildings, the value of T may be approximated from the
following equation:
𝑻 = 𝑪𝒕 (𝒉𝒏 )𝟑/𝟒 (208-11)

where,
Ct = 0.0853 for steel moment resisting frames
Ct = 0.0731 for reinforced concrete moment resisting frames
and eccentrically braced frames
Ct = 0.0488 for all other buildings
208.4.4.1 Seismic Zone

The Philippine archipelago is divided into two seismic zone only.
Zone 2 covers the provinces of Palawan (except Busuanga), Sulu
and Tawi-Tawi while the rest of the country is under Zone 4 as
shown in Figure 208-1. Each structure shall be assigned a seismic
zone factor Z in accordance with Table 208-3.
Determine the base shear for a 5-storey with roof deck commercial
building located in Quezon City, 7.20 km from a known seismic
source Type A.
Storey Height 3.0 m

Weight per storey 2000 kN
Weight of RD 1700 kN
Structural System Special RC MRFS
Shear Wave Velocity 550 m/s
Determine the base shear for a 5-storey with roof deck commercial
building located in Quezon City, 7.20 km from a known seismic
source Type A.
1,700 kN RD
Given Therefore
2,000 kN Type Commercial Building I = 1.00

5F
Location Quezon City Z = 0.40
2,000 kN Structural System Special RC MRFS Ct = 0.0731; R = 8.5

4F
Shear Wave Velocity 550 m/s Soil Type Sc
15 m
2,000 kN 3F
Distance from source 7.20 km
Seismic Source Type A
2,000 kN 2F
𝑻 = 𝑪𝒕 (𝒉𝒏 )𝟑/𝟒 = 0.0731 150.75 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟓𝟕 𝒔
3m
GF
𝑊 = 2,000 4 + 1,700 = 𝟗, 𝟕𝟎𝟎 𝒌𝑵

Given Therefore
Type Commercial Building I = 1.00
Location Quezon City Z = 0.40 Interpolating,
Structural System Special RC MRFS Ct = 0.0731; R = 8.5
5 − 10 5 − 7.20
Shear Wave Velocity 550 m/s Soil Type Sc =
1.2 − 1 1.2 − 𝑁𝑎
Seismic Source Type A 5 − 10 5 − 7.20
=
1.6 − 1.2 1.6 − 𝑁𝑣
𝑁𝑎 = 𝟏. 𝟏𝟏𝟐
𝑁𝑣 = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟐𝟒
Solving for seismic coefficients,

𝐶𝑎 = 0.40 1.112 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟒𝟓
𝐶𝑣 = 0.56(1.424) = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟗𝟕
Given Therefore
Type Commercial Building I = 1.00 𝐶𝑎 = 0.445 𝑁𝑎 = 1.112
𝑊 = 9,700 𝑘𝑁
Location Quezon City Z = 0.40
𝑇 = 0.557 𝑠 𝐶𝑣 = 0.797 𝑁𝑣 = 1.424
Structural System Special RC MRFS Ct = 0.0731; R = 8.5
Shear Wave Velocity 550 m/s Soil Type Sc
Seismic Source Type A
𝑪𝒗 𝑰 (0.797)(1.00)(9,700)
Total Design Base Shear: 𝑽 = 𝑾 𝑉= = 1,632.886 𝑘𝑁
𝑹𝑻 (8.5)(0.557)
Max. Design Base Shear: 𝑽 = 𝟐. 𝟓𝑪𝒂 𝑰 𝑾 2.5(0.445)(1.00)(9,700)

𝑉= = 𝟏, 𝟐𝟔𝟗. 𝟓𝟓𝟗 𝒌𝑵 𝐠𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐬
𝑹 (8.5)
Min. Design Base Shear: 𝑽 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝑪𝒂 𝑰𝑾 𝑉 = 0.11 0.445 1.00 9,700 = 474.815 𝑘𝑁
If Zone 4,
𝟎. 𝟖𝒁𝑵𝒗 𝑰 0.80(1.424)(0.40)(1.00)(9,700)
Min. Design Base Shear: 𝑽 = 𝑾 𝑉= = 520.011 𝑘𝑁
𝑹 (8.5)
CORRECTION!
Code states:
In addition, for Seismic Zone 4, the total design base shear shall
also not be less than following:
0.8𝑍𝑁𝑣 𝐼
𝑉= 𝑊 (208-11)
𝑅
Therefore, for Zone 4, to determine the minimum design base
shear, use both equations:
𝑽 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝑪𝒂 𝑰𝑾 𝟎. 𝟖𝒁𝑵𝒗 𝑰
𝑽= 𝑾
𝑹
Simplified Static Force Procedure
208.5.1.1 Simplified Design Base Shear

The total design base shear in a given direction shall be determined
from the follow equation:
𝟑𝑪𝒂
𝑽= 𝑾 (208-5)
𝑹
In Seismic Zone 4, the Near Source Factor Na need not to be
greater than 1.2 if none of the following structural irregularities are
present:
1. Type 1, 4, or 5 of Table 208-9, or
2. Type 1 or 4 of Table 208-10

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MODULE 02

NSCP SEISMIC PROVISIONS

CE0043 Earthquake Engineering Engr. Karen S. Galoso

Waves – transfer of energy from

Seismic waves – energy

Body waves Surface waves

Why structures collapse?

Earthquake Resisting System

Sabiha Gökçen International Airport

208.5.2.1 Design Base Shear

208.5.2.1 Design Base Shear

208.5.2.2 Structure Period

𝑻 = 𝑪𝒕 (𝒉𝒏 )𝟑/𝟒 (208-11)

208.4.4.1 Seismic Zone

Storey Height 3.0 m

2,000 kN Type Commercial Building I = 1.00

2,000 kN Structural System Special RC MRFS Ct = 0.0731; R = 8.5

𝑊 = 2,000 4 + 1,700 = 𝟗, 𝟕𝟎𝟎 𝒌𝑵

Solving for seismic coefficients,

Max. Design Base Shear: 𝑽 = 𝟐. 𝟓𝑪𝒂 𝑰 𝑾 2.5(0.445)(1.00)(9,700)

208.5.1.1 Simplified Design Base Shear

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