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Logic NAND Gate Tutorial

The document provides an overview of logic NAND gates, including their structure as a combination of an AND gate and NOT gate, their truth tables for 2, 3, and 4 inputs, and examples of common NAND gate integrated circuits. NAND gates are described as 'universal' because any other logic gate can be made using only NAND gates.

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24 views

Logic NAND Gate Tutorial

The document provides an overview of logic NAND gates, including their structure as a combination of an AND gate and NOT gate, their truth tables for 2, 3, and 4 inputs, and examples of common NAND gate integrated circuits. NAND gates are described as 'universal' because any other logic gate can be made using only NAND gates.

Uploaded by

hemantha dalugama
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Logic NAND Gate Tutorial

Logic NAND Gate Tutorial


The Logic NAND Gate is a combination of a digital logic AND gate and a NOT gate connected
together in series

The NAND (Not – AND) gate has an output that is normally at logic level “1” and
only goes “LOW” to logic level “0” when ALL of its inputs are at logic level “1”.
The Logic NAND Gate is the reverse or “Complementary” form of the AND gate we
have seen previously.

Logic NAND Gate Equivalence

The logic or Boolean expression given for a logic NAND gate is that for Logical
Addition, which is the opposite to the AND gate, and which it performs on
the complements of the inputs.
Its Boolean expression is denoted by a single dot or full stop symbol, ( . ) with a line
or Overline, ( ‾‾ ) over the expression to signify the NOT or logical negation of
the NAND gate giving us the Boolean expression of: A.B = Q.
Then we can define the operation of a 2-input digital device as being:

“If both A and B are true, then Q is NOT true”

Transistor NAND Gate


A simple 2-input NAND gate can be constructed using RTL Resistor-transistor
switches connected together as shown below with the inputs connected directly to the
transistor bases. Either transistor must be cut-off “OFF” for an output at Q.
Logic NAND Gates are available using digital circuits to produce the desired logical
function and is given a symbol whose shape is that of a standard AND gate with a
circle, sometimes called an “inversion bubble” at its output to represent the NOT gate
symbol with its logical operation given as:

The Digital Logic “NAND” Gate

2-input Function

Symbol Truth Table

B A Q

2-input NAND Gate 0 0 1

0 1 1
1 0 1

1 1 0

Boolean Expression Q = A.B Read as A AND B gives NOT Q

3-input Function

Symbol Truth Table

C B A Q

3-input NAND Gate 0 0 0 1

0 0 1 1

0 1 0 1

0 1 1 1

1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1

1 1 0 1

1 1 1 0

Boolean Expression Q = A.B.C Read as A AND B AND C gives NOT Q

As with the AND function seen previously, the NAND function can also have any
number of individual inputs and commercial available NAND Gate IC’s are available
in standard 2, 3, or 4 input types. If additional inputs are required, then the
standard NAND gates can be cascaded together to provide more inputs for example.

A 4-input Function

The Boolean Expression for this 4-input logic NAND gate will therefore
be: Q = A.B.C.D
If the number of inputs required is an odd number of inputs any “unused” inputs can
be held HIGH by connecting them directly to the power supply using suitable “Pull-
up” resistors.
The Logic NAND Gate function is sometimes known as the Sheffer Stroke
Function and is denoted by a vertical bar or upwards arrow operator, for example, A
NAND B = A|B or A↑B.
The “Universal” NAND Gate
The Logic NAND Gate is generally classed as a “Universal” gate because it is one of
the most commonly used logic gate types. They can also be used to produce any other
type of logic gate function, but in practice being universal it forms the basis of most
practical logic circuits.
By connecting them together in various combinations the three basic gate types
of AND, OR and NOT function can be formed using only NAND gates, for example.

Various Logic Gates

As well as the three common types above, Exclusive-OR, Exclusive-NOR and


standard NOR gates can be formed using just individual NAND gates.
Commonly available digital logic NAND gate IC’s include:
TTL Logic NAND Gates

 74LS00 Quad 2-input


 74LS10 Triple 3-input
 74LS20 Dual 4-input
 74LS30 Single 8-input

CMOS Logic NAND Gates


 CD4011 Quad 2-input
 CD4023 Triple 3-input
 CD4012 Dual 4-input

7400 Quad 2-input Logic NAND Gate

In the next tutorial about Digital Logic Gates, we will look at the digital logic NOR
Gate function as used in both TTL and CMOS logic circuits as well as its Boolean
Algebra definition and truth tables.

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