Eng / Mohammed Abdalrahman Mousa Mustafa

HSE Engineer & Consultant Engineer In MEP

0123199441- 0906363198
Sun Rise For Training

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1. Source of Fires
2. The Fire Triangle
3. Means of Egress = Escape Route
4. Locking / Access to Exits
5. Maintaining Portable Fire Extinguishers
6. Extinguisher Classification
7. P.A.S.S / R.A.C.E
8. Fire Drills / Emergency Action Plan / Fire Prevention Plan
9. Emergency Numbers
10. Do Not fight the Fire If...

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1. Energized electrical equipment
2. Hot surfaces
3. Friction
4. Smoking
5. Cutting and welding
6. Burner flames
7. Spontaneous ignition
8. Mechanical sparks
9. Static electricity
10. Lightning
11. Cooking

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 The “Fire Triangle”
identifies the three
components of any fire:
◦ Fuel paper, wood,
flammable gas, energized
electrical equipment, etc...
◦ Energy (heat), sufficient to
support combustion. Often
referred to as the ignition
source.
◦ Oxidizer (air)
IF ANY ONE OF THESE IS
MISSING, A FIRE
CANNOT CONTINUE.
THEREFORE… 4
Prevention is based on eliminating or
minimizing one of the components of
the “Fire Triangle”.

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 Other fire prevention
methods include:
◦ Heat and/or smoke
detectors.
◦ Automatic fire sprinkler
systems.
◦ Kitchen hood systems.
◦ Building codes and
materials.
◦ Flame retardant
furnishings and materials.

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 Fire alarms are required if a
fire could start without
providing adequate warning
to occupants

 There must be enough exits

in the proper arrangement
for quick escape

 Adequate and reliable

illumination must be
provided for all exit
facilities.

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 - A continuous and unobstructed
way of exit travel from any point in
a building or structure to a public
way (a street, yard, court or other
open space leading to the street)

 – Restricted, block, or
inadequate emergency exits

 - Ensure that all personnel

can evacuate the facility rapidly in
case of fire or emergency.
Unobstructed way of exit travel
from any point in a building Obstructed exit

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 Emergency plans include as a
minimum:

 Escape procedures and escape

route assignments
 Critical plant operations
shutdown procedure
 Procedure to account for all
personnel
 Assignment of rescue and medical
duties
 Means for reporting emergencies
 Identification of responsible
persons to contact for further
information

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 Exits must be readily accessible at all
times

 A door from a room to an exit or escape

route must be a side-hinged swinging
type, and swing in the direction of exit
travel when the room is occupied by
more than 50 people or contains high
hazard contents

 High hazard contents are those which

are liable to burn with extreme rapidity
or which may produce poisonous fumes
or explosions in a fire. Examples
include flammable chemicals and grain.

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 Primary and secondary
evacuation routes should
be established, and all
employees should be
drilled to use either route.
 Exits should be clearly
marked and all signs lit and
unobstructed.

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 R escue – rescue clients in immediate danger.
 A lert – yell out “Fire”, pull fire alarm, dial
emergency phone number.
 C ontain – Close all doors and windows.
 E xtinguish/Evacuate – Extinguish small fires,
evacuate clients, if appropriate.

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 Combustible Combustible
Ordinary Flammable Electrical

A B
Liquids
C
Equipment
D
Combustibles
Metals Cooking

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The 4 most common fire extinguishers:

◦ All Purpose Water

◦ Carbon Dioxide
◦ Multi-Purpose Dry Chemical
◦ Dry Powder

Each kind of extinguisher has a specific use

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 Use on CLASS A fires
 Pressurized water
 Pressure gauge present

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 Use on CLASS B and
CLASS C fires
 Hard, plastic nozzle
 No pressure gauge

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 Use on CLASS A, CLASS B,
and CLASS C fires
 Fine powder under
pressure
 Pressure gauge present

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 Pull the pin
This will allow you to
squeeze the handle in
order to discharge the
extinguisher

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Aim at the base
of the fire

Aiming at the middle

will do no good.
The agent will pass
through the flames.

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 Squeeze the
handle
This will release the
pressurized
extinguishing
agent

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 Sweep side to
side

Cover the entire area

that is on fire.
Continue until fire
is extinguished.
Keep an eye on the
area for
re-lighting.

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 Remember to keep
an exit to your
back

 Only fight a fire in

the incipient stage

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NEVER fight a fire if any of the following apply:

• Don’t have the proper extinguisher or equipment

• Fire has spread beyond its point of origin

• Your instincts tell you GET OUT

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In the Event of Fire

 Pull nearest alarm station

 Immediately exit the building

If you hear an alarm

DO NOT
assume it is a drill,
your life may depend on it!

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Building Evacuation
 Proceed to nearest exit in an orderly fashion
 Assemble at least 100 feet from building
 Provide emergency crews with information
about people still in the building
 Provide information to emergency crews
about the reason for evacuation
 Never re-enter a building until instructed to
by the police department, fire department,
or EHS staff.

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 Heat generating appliances
 Storage and handling of
flammables/combustibles
 Open flames
 Vehicles and equipment

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  Ensure 36” or more of
 Coffee pot clearance from other
 Toaster oven combustibles
 Microwave  UL listed
 Mug warmer  Grounding prongs
 Heaters  Plug into outlet
 Cooling fans directly
 Torch/Heat gun  Heaters need tip-over
 Other electrical protection
appliances  Shut it off!

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 How to Survive a Fire
Don’t get trapped
Cover your mouth and nose with a damp cloth (when possible)
Keep low to the floor
Don’t hide
Be determined to survive
If clothes catch fire: Stop, Drop and Roll
Once out of the building NEVER RETURN!

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