(APPENDIX-I)

SYLLABUS FOR B.TECH./ B.DESIGN/BIOTECHNOLOGY- B.TECH / M.TECH &

B.SC.NURSING/B.PHARMA/D.PHARMA/B.SC. COMPUTER SCIENCE

PHYSICS

Unit 1: Units and Measurement Unit 7:- Gravitation

Acceleration due to gravity, one and two-
Units for measurement, system of units-S.I., dimensional motion under gravity. Universal
fundamental and derived units. Dimensions and law of gravitation, variation in the acceleration
their applications. due to gravity of the earth. Planetary motion,
Kepler’s laws, artificial satellite-geostationary
Unit 2: Description of Motion in One satellite, gravitational potential energy near the
Dimension surface of earth, gravitational potential and
escape velocity.
Motion in a straight line, uniform and non-
uniform motion, their graphical representation. Unit 8: Solids and Fluids
Uniformly accelerated motion, and its application. Inter-atomic and Inter-molecular forces, states of
matter.
Unit 3: Description of Motion in Two and
Three Dimensions (A) Solids: Elastic properties, Hook’s law,
Scalars and vectors, vector addition, a real Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of
number, zero vector and its properties. rigidity.
Resolution of vectors. Scalar and vector (B) Liquids : Cohesion and adhesion. Surface
products, uniform circular motion and its energy and surface tension. Flow of fluids,
applications projectile motion. Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications.
Viscosity, Stoke’s Law, terminal velocity.
Unit 4: Laws of Motion
Unit 9: Oscillations
Force and inertia-Newton’s Laws of Motion.
Conservation of linear momentum and its Periodic motion, simple harmonic motion and its
applications, rocket propulsion, friction-laws of equation of motion, energy in S.H.M.,
friction. Oscillations of a spring and simple pendulum.

Unit 5: Work, Energy and Power Unit 10: Waves

Concept of work, energy and power. Energy- Wave motion, speed of a wave, longitudinal and
Kinetic and potential. Conservation of energy transverse waves, superposition of waves,
and its applications, Elastic collisions in one and progressive and standing waves, free and forced
two dimensions. Different forms of energy. Oscillations, resonance, vibration of strings and
air-columns, beats, Doppler effects.
Unit 6: Rotational Motion and Moment of
Inertia
Unit 11: Heat and Thermodynamics
Centre of mass of a two-particle system. Centre
of mass of a rigid body, general motion of a Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases
rigid body, nature of rotational and their specific heats, Relationship between
Cp and Cv for gases, first law of thermodynamics,
motion, torque, angular momentum, its thermodynamic processes. Second law of
conservation and applications. thermodynamics, Carnot cycle efficiency of heat
Moment of inertia, parallel and perpendicular engines.
axes theorem, expression of moment of inertia
for ring, disc and sphere.
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 Unit 12: Transference of Heat magnetism, magnetic induction, magnetic
susceptibility.
Modes of transference of heat. Thermal
conductivity. Black body radiations, Kirchoff’s Unit 18: Electromagnetic Induction and
Law, Wien’s law, Stefan’s law of radiation and Alternating Currents
Newton’s law of cooling.
Induced e.m.f., Faraday’s Law,Lenz’s Law, Self
Unit 13: Electrostatics and Mutual Inductance, alternating currents,
Electric charge-its unit and conservation, impedance and reactance, power in a.c. Circuits
Coulomb’s law, dielectric constant, electric with L.C. And R Series Combination, resonant
field, lines of force, field due to dipole and its circuits. Transformer and A.C. generator.
behaviour in a uniform electric field, electric
flux, Gauss’s theorem and its applications. Unit 19: Ray Optics
Electric potential, potential due to a point
Reflection and refraction of light at plane and
charge. Conductors and insulators, distribution
curved surfaces, total internal reflection, optical
of charge on conductors. Capacitance, parallel
fibre; deviation and dispersion of light by a
plate capacitor, combination of capacitors,
prism; Lens formula, magnification and
energy of capacitor.
resolving power, microscope and telescope.
Unit 14: Current Electricity Unit 20: Wave Optics
Electric current and its unit, sources of energy, Wave nature of light; Interference- Young’s
cells-primary and secondary, grouping of cells double slit experiment. Diffraction-diffraction
resistance of different materials, temperature due to a single slit. Elementary idea of
dependence, specific resistivity, Ohm’s polarization.
law,Kirchoff’s law, series and parallel circuits.
Wheatstone Bridge with their applications and Unit 21: Electromagnetic Waves
potentiometer with their applications. Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics,
Electromagnetic wave spectrum from gamma to
Unit 15 : Thermal and Chemical Effects of radio waves-propagation of EM waves in
Currents atmosphere.
Heating effects of current, electric power, simple Unit 22: Electron and Photons
concept of thermo-electricity-Seeback effect
Charge on an electron, e/m for an electron,
and thermocouple, Chemical effect of current-
photoelectric effect and Einstein’s equation of
Faraday’s laws of electrolysis.
photoelectric effect.
Unit 16: Magnetic Effects of Currents
Unit 23: Atoms, Molecules and Nuclei
Oersted’s experiment, Bio-Savert’s law,
magnetic filed due to straight wire, circular loop Alpha particles scattering experiment, Atomic
and solenoid, force on a moving charge in a masses, size of the nucleus; radioactivity; Alpha,
uniform magnetic field ( Lorentz force), force beta and gamma particles/rays and their
and torques on currents in a magnetic field, force properties, radioactive decay law, half life and
between two current carrying wires, moving coil mean life of radio-active nuclei, binding energy,
galvanometer and conversion to ammeter and mass energy relationship, nuclear fission and
voltmeter. nuclear fusion.

Unit 24: Solids and Semi-Conductors

Unit 17: Magneto statics Devices
Bar magnet, magnetic field, lines of force, Energy bands in solids, conductors, insulators
torque on a bar magnet in a magnetic field, and semi-conductors, pn junction, diodes, diode
earth’s magnetic field, para, dia and ferro as rectifier, transistor action, transistor as an

12
amplifier.
 CHEMISTRY abnormal molecular masses. Volumetric
analysis-concentration unit.
Unit 1: Some Basic Concepts:
Unit 5: Chemical Energetics and Thermodynamics
Measurement in chemistry (Precision,
significant figures, S.I. units, Dimensional Energy changes during a chemical reaction,
analysis). Laws of chemical combination. Internal energy and Enthalpy, Internal energy
Atomic Mass, Molecular Mass, mole concept, and Enthalpy changes, Origin of Enthalpy
Molar Mass, determination of Molecular change in a reaction, Hess’s Law of constant
formula. Chemical equation, stoichiometry of heat summation, numericals based on these
Chemical reactions. concepts. Enthalpies of reactions (Enthalpy of
neutralization, Enthalpy of combustion,
Unit 2 : States of Matter Enthalpy of fusion and vaporization).
Gaseous state, measurable properties of gases,
Sources of energy(conservation of energy
Boyle’s Law, Charle’s Law and absolute scale
sources and identification of alternative sources,
of temperature, Avogadro’s hypothesis, ideal gas
pollution associated with consumption of fuels.
equation, Dalton’s law of partial pressures.
The sun as the primary source).
Kinetic molecular theory of gases (the First law of thermodynamics; Relation between
microscopic model of gas), deviation form ideal Internal energy and Enthalpy, application of first
behaviour. law of thermodynamics.
Second law of thermodynamics: Entropy, Gibbs
The solid state ( classification of solids, X-ray energy, Spontaneity of a chemical reaction,
studies of crystal lattices and unit cells, packing Gibbs energy change and chemical equilibrium,
of constituent particles in crystals). Gibbs energy available for useful work.
Imperfection in solids, electrical, magnetic and
dielectic properties of solids. Liquid state Unit 6: Chemical Equilibrium
(Properties of liquids, Vapour pressure, Surface
Equilibria involving physical changes (solid-
tension, Viscosity).
liquid, liquid-gas equilibrium involving
Unit 3: Atomic Structure dissolution of solids in liquids, gases in liquids,
general characteristics of equilibrium involving
Constituents of the atom (discovery of electron,
physical processes)
rutherford model of the atom).
Equilibria involving chemical systems (the law
Electronics structure of atoms-nature of light of chemical equilibrium, the magnitude of the
and electromagnetic waves, atomic spectra, equilibrium constant, numerical problems).
bohr’s model of hydrogen, shortcomings of the
bohr model. Effect of changing conditions of systems at
equilibrium (change of concentration, change of
Dual nature of matter and radiation. de-Broglie
temperature, effect of catalyst-Le Chateliar’s
relation. The uncertainty principle, Quantum
principle).
Mechanical Model of the atom, Orbitals and
Equilibria involving ions- ionization of
Quantum numbers. Shapes of orbitals. Aufbau
electrolytes, weak and strong electrolytes, acid-
principle, Pauli Exclusion principle, Hund’s
base equilibrium, various concepts of acids and
Rule, Electronics Configuration of atoms.
bases, ionization of water, pH scale, solubility
product, numericals based on these concepts.

Unit 4: Solutions
Unit 7: Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry
Types of solutions, Units of concentration,
Vapour-pressure of solutions and Raoult’s law. Oxidation and reduction as an electron transfer
Colligative properties. Determination of concept. Redox reactions in aqueous solutions-
electrochemical cells. e.m.f. of a galvanic cell.

13
molecular mass. Non-ideal solutions and
 Dependence of e.m.f. on concentration and transition elements-f-block elements. Periodic
temperature (NERNST). equation and numerical trends in properties-ionization enthalpy, electron
problems based on it .Electrolysis, Oxidation gain enthalpy, atomic radii, valence, periodicity
number (rules for assigning oxidation number, in properties of compounds).
redox reactions in terms of oxidation number,
nomenclature). Balancing of oxidation-reduction Unit 11: Chemical Bonding and
equations. Molecular Structure

Electrolytic conduction. Molar conductivity, Chemical bonds and Lewis structure, shapes of
Kohlrausch’s Law and its applications, Voltaic molecules ( VSEPR theory), Quantum theory of
cell, Electrode potential and Electromotive the covalent bond, hydrogen and some other
force, Gibb’s energy change and cell potential. simple molecules, carbon compounds,
Electrode potential and products of electrolysis, hybridization, Boron and Beryllium compounds.
Fuel cells, corrosion and its prevention. Coordinate covalent bond, ionic bond as an
extreme case of polar covalent bond, ionic
Unit 8: Rates of Chemical Reactions and character of molecules and polar molecules.
Chemical Kinetics Bonding in solid state ionic, molecular and
Rate of reaction, Instantaneous rate of reaction covalent solids, metals. Hydrogen bond,
and order of reaction. Factors affecting rates of Resonance.
reactions- factors affecting rate of collisions Molecules : Molecular orbital. Theory-bond
encountered between the reactant molecules, order and magnetic properties of H2,O2,N2,F2 on
effect of temperature on the reaction rate, the basis of MOT. Hybridisation involving s, p
concept of activation energy catalyst. Effect of and d orbitals (including shapes of simple
light of rates of reactions. Elementary reactions organic molecules), Dipole moment and
as steps to more complex reactions. How fast are structure of molecules.
chemical reactions?
Unit 12: Chemistry of Non-Metals - 1
Rate law expression. Order of a reaction (with Hydrogen (unique position in periodic table,
suitable examples).Units of rates and specific occurrence, isotopes, properties, reactions and
rate constant. Order of reaction and effect of uses), Hydrides-molecular, soline and interstitial
concentration ( study will be confined to first
order only). Temperature dependence of rate Oxygen (occurrence, preparation, properties and
constant – Fast reactions (only elementary reactions, uses),simple oxides; ozone
idea). Mechanism of reaction ( only elementary
idea). Photochemical reactions. Water and hydrogen peroxide, structure of water
molecule and its aggregates, physical and
Unit 9: Surface Chemistry chemical properties of water, hard and soft
water, water softening, hydrogen peroxide-
Surface : Adsorption – physical and chemical preparation, properties, structure and uses.
adsorption, adsorption isotherms.
Nitrogen- Preparation, properties, uses,
Colloids-Preparation and general properties, compounds of Nitrogen-Ammonia, Oxides of
Emulsions, Micelles. Nitrogen, Nitric Acid-preparation, properties
Catalysis : Homogeneous and heterogeneous, and uses.
structure of catalyst, Enzymes, Zeolites.

Unit 10: Chemical Families Periodic Unit 13: Chemistry of Non-metals-II

Properties Boron-occurrence, isolation, physical and
chemical properties, borax and boric acid, uses
Modern periodic law, Types of elements – of boron and its compounds.

14
Representatives elements ( s & p block,
Transition elements – d-block elements, inner
Carbon, inorganic compounds of carbon-oxides, Unit 16: Chemistry of Representative
halides, carbides, elemental carbon. Elements
Silicon- occurrence, preparation and properties, Periodic properties- Trends in groups and
oxides and oxyacids of phosphorus, chemical periods (a) Oxides-nature (b) Halides-melting
fertilizers. points (c) Carbonates and sulphates-solubility.
Sulphur – occurrence and extraction, properties The chemistry of s and p block elements,
and reactions, oxides, Sulphuric acid – electronics configuration, general characteristic
preparation, properties and uses, sodium properties and oxidation states of the following:-
thiosulphate.
Group 1 elements - Alkali metals
Halogens- occurrence, preparation, properties, Group 2 elements - Alkaline earth metals
hydrogen halides, uses of halogens. Group 13 elements - Boron family
Group 14 elements - Carbon family
Noble gases- discovery, occurrence and
Group 15 elements - Nitrogen family
isolation, physical properties, chemistry of noble
Group 16 elements - Oxygen family
gases and their uses.
Group 17 elements - Halogen family
Group 18 elements - Noble gases &
Unit 14: Chemistry of Lighter Metals Hydrogen
Sodium and Potassium- occurrence and Unit 17: Transition Metals Including
extraction, properties and uses. Important Lanthanides
compounds-NaCl, Na2CO3,NaHCO3, NaOH,
KCI,KOH. Electronic configuration : General characteristic
properties, oxidation states of transition metals.
Magnesium and calcium-occurrence and
First row transition metals and general
extraction, properties and uses. Important
properties of their compounds-oxides, halides
compounds Mgcl2, MgSO4, CaO, Ca(OH)2,CaCO3,
and sulphides.
CaSO4, Plaster of paris, Bleaching Powder.
General properties of a second and third row
Aluminium –occurrence, extraction properties transition elements ( Groupwise discussion).
and uses, compounds-AlCI3, alums.
Preparation and reactions, properties and uses of
Cement. Potassium dichromate Potassium permanganate.
Biological role of Sodium, Potassium, Inner Transition Elements: General discussion
Magnesium and Calcium. with special reference to oxidation states and
lanthanide contraction.

Unit 18: Coordination Chemistry and Organo

Unit 15:- Heavy Metals Metallics
Iron – Occurrence and extraction, compounds of
Coordination compounds, Nomenclature:
iron, oxides, halides, sulphides, sulphate, alloy
Isomerism in coordination compounds; Bonding
and steel.
in coordination compounds, Werner’s coordination
Copper and Silver- occurrence and extraction, theory. Applications of coordination compounds.
properties and uses, compounds-sulphides,
halides and sulphates, photography. Unit 19: Nuclear Chemistry
Nature of radiation from radioactive substances.
Zinc and Mercury- occurrence and extraction, Nuclear reactions; Radio-active disintegration
properties and uses, compounds-oxides, halides; series; Artificial transmutation of elements;
sulphides and sulphates. Nuclear fission and Nuclear fusion: Isotopes and
Tin and Lead- occurrence and extraction, their applications: Radio carbon-dating.
properties and uses, compounds-oxides,
sulphides, halides.

15
 Unit 20: Purification and Characterisation of Unit 22: Hydrocarbons
Organic Compounds
Classification. Sources of hydrocarbons:
Purification (crystallization, sublimation, distillation, Alkanes- General methods of preparation (from
differential extraction, chromatography). unsaturated hydrocarbons, alkylhalides,
aldehydes, ketones and carburoxylic acids).
Qualitative analysis, detection of nitrogen,
Physical properties and reactions (Substitution),
sulphur, phosphorus and halogens.
Oxidation and miscellaneous). Conformations of
Quantitative analysis- estimation of carbon, alkanes(ethane, popane butane) and cyclohexane,
hydrogen, nitrogen, halogens, sulphur, phosphorus sawhorse and Newman projections)-mechanism of
( basic principles only) halogaration of alkanes.
Alkanes and Alkynes- General methods of
Determination of molecular mass-Silver salt
preparation physical peorperties, Chemical
method, cholroplatinate salt method
reactions-Mechanism of electrophilic addition
Calculation of empirical formula and molecular reactions in alkenes-Markowni Koff’s Rule,
formula. peroxide effect. Acidic character of alkynes.
Polymerisation of alkenes.
Numerical problems in organic quantitative
analysis, modern methods of structure Aromatic hydrocarbons- Benzene and its
elucidation. homologues, Isomerism, Chemical reactions of
benzene. Structure of benzene, resonance.
Unit 21: Some Basic Principles Directive influence of substituents.
Classification of Organic Compounds.
Petroleum – Hydro Carbons from Petroleum,
Tetravalency of Carbon, Homologous series. Cracking and reforming, quality of gasoline-
Functional groups- - C=C-,-C C-,and groups Octane number, gasoline additives.
containing halogen, oxygen, nitrogen and
sulphur. General introduction to naming organic Unit 23: Organic Compound Containing
compounds-Common names and IUPAC Halogens
nomenclature of alphatic, aromatic and Cyclic ( Haloakanes and Haloarenes)
Compounds. Illustration with examples of
Compounds having not more than three same of Methods of preparation, physical properties and
different functional groups/ atoms. Isomerism- reactions. Preparation, properties and uses of
Structural and stereoisomerism (geometrical and Chloroform and lodoform.
optical). Chirality-Isomerism in Compounds
having one and two chiral Centres. Enantiomers,
diastereoisomers, recemic forms, recemisation Unit 24 : Organic Compounds Containing
& resolution. Oxygen
Covalent bond fission-Homolytic and
Heterolytic: free radicals carbocations and General methods of preparation, correlation of
carbanions. Stability of Carbocations and free- physical properties with their structures,
radicals. Electrophiles and Nucleophiles. chemical properties and uses of Alchols,
polyhydric alcohols, Ethers, aldehydes, ketones,
Electron displacement in a covalent bond- carboxylic acids and their derivatives, Phenol,
inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance Benzaldehyde and Benzoic acid -their important
Common types of organic reactions- methods of preparation and reactions. Acidity of
Substitution, addition, elimination and carboxylic acids and phenol effect of
rearrangement reactions. Illustration with substituents on the acidity of carboxylic acids.
examples.

16
Unit 25: Organic Compounds Containing
Nitrogen (APPENDIX-II)
(Cyanides, isocyanides, nitrocompounds and
amines) SYLLABUS FOR B.TECH./B.DESIGN/
BIOTECHNOLOGY- (B.TECH / M.TECH)
Nomenclature and classification of amines,
cyanides, isocyanides, nitrocompounds and their MATHEMATICS
methods of preparation; correlation of their
physical properties with structure, chemical
reactions and uses- Basicity of amines.
Unit 26: Synthetic and Natural Polymers Unit 1:- Sets, Relations and Functions

Classification on Polymers, natural and synthetic Sets and their Representations, Union,
polymers (with stress on their general methods intersection and complements of sets, and their
of preparation) and important uses of the algebraic properties, Relations, equivalence
following. relations, mappings, one-one, into and onto
mappings, composition of mappings.
Teflon, PVC, Polystyrene, Nylon-66, terylene,
Bakelite) Unit 2: Complex Numbers
Unit 27: Bio Molecules and Biological Complex numbers in the form a+ib and their
Processes representation in a plane. Argand diagram.
Algebra of complex numbers, Modulus and
The Cell and Energy Cycle Argument (or amplitude) of a complex number,
Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, square root of a complex number. Cube roots of
Polysaccharides unity, triangle inequality.
Amino acids and Peptides- Structure and Unit 3: Matrices and Determinants
classification.
Proteins and Enzymes-Structure of Proteins, Determinants and matrices of order two and
Role of enzymes. three, properties of determinants, Evaluation of
determinants. Area of triangles using
Nucleic Acids-DNA and RNA determinants; Addition and multiplication of
Biological functions of Nucleic acids-Protein matrices, adjoint and inverse of matrix. Test of
synthesis and replication. consistency and solution of simultaneous linear
equations using determinants and matrices.
Lipids – Structure, membranes and their
functions. Unit 4: Quadratic Equations
Unit 28: Chemistry In Action
Quadratic equations in real and complex
Dyes, Chemicals in medicines (antipyretic, number system and their solutions. Relation
analgesic, antibiotics & tranquilisers), between roots and co-efficients, nature of roots,
Rocket propellants. formation of quadratic equations with given
( Structural formulae non-evaluative) roots; Symmetric functions of roots, equations
reducible to quadratic equations-application to
Unit 29: Environmental Chemistry practical problems.
Environmental pollutants; soil, water and air Unit 5 : Permutations and Combinations
pollution; major atmospheric pollutants; acid
rain, Ozone and its reactions causing ozone layer Fundamental principle of counting; Permutation
depletion, effects of the depletion of ozone layer, as an arrangement and combination as selection,

17
industrial air pollution. Meaning of P (n,r) and C (n,r). Simple applications.
 Unit 6: Binomial Theorem and Its Unit 10:- Differential Equations
Applications Ordinary differential equations, their order and
Binomial Theorem for a positive integral index; degree. Formation of differential equations.
general term and middle term; Binomial Solution of differential equations by the method
of separation of variables. Solution of
Theorem for any index. Properties of Binomial homogeneous and linear differential equations,
Co-efficients. Simple applications for and those of the type
approximations.
d2y = f(x)
dx2
Unit 7: Sequences and Series Unit 11:- Two Dimensional Geometry
Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic
Recall of Cartesian system of rectangular co-
progressions. Insertion of Arithmetic Geometric
ordinates in a plane, distance formula, area of a
and Harmonic means between two given
triangle, condition of the collinearity of three
numbers. Relation Between A.M., G.M. and
points and section formula, centroid and in-
H.M. Special series: Sn,Sn2,Sn3. Arithmetico-
centre of a triangle, locus and its equation,
Geometric Series, Exponential and Logarithmic
translation of axes, slope of a line, parallel and
series.
perpendicular lines, intercepts of a line on the
coordinate axes.
Unit 8: Differential Calculus
The straight line and pair of straight lines
Polynomials, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic
and exponential functions, Inverse functions. Various forms of equations of a line, intersection
Graphs of simple functions. Limits, Continuity; of line, angles between two lines, conditions for
differentiation of the sum, difference, product concurrence of three lines, distance of a point
and quotient of two functions: differentiation of from a line Equations of internal and external
trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, bisectors of angles between two lines,
logarithmic, exponential, composite and implicit coordinates of centroid, orthocenter and
functions; derivatives of order upto two. circumcentre of a triangle, equation of family of
Applications of derivatives: Rate of change of lines passing through the point of intersection of
quantities, monotonic-increasing and decreasing two lines, homogeneous equation of second
functions, Maxima and minima of functions of degree in x and y, angle between pair of lines
one variable, tangents and normals, Rolle’s and through the origin, combined equation of the
Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorems. bisectors of the angles between a pair of lines,
condition for the general second degree equation
Unit 9:- Integral Calculus
to a represent a pair of lines, point of
Integral as an anti-derivative. Fundamental intersection and angle between two lines.
integrals involving algebraic, trigonometric,
exponential and logarithmic functions. Circles and Family of Circles
Integration by substitution, by parts and partial Standard form of equation of a circle, general
fractions. Integration using trigonometric form of the equation of a circle, its radius and
identities. Integral as limit of a sum. Properties centre, equation of a circle in the parametric
of definite integrals. Evaluation of definite form, equation of a circle when the end points of
integrals; Determining areas of the regions a diameter are given, points of intersection of a
bounded by simple curves. line and a circle with the centre at the origin and
conditions for a line to be tangent to the circle,
length of the tangent, equation of the tangent,
equation of a family of circles through the
intersection of two circles, condition for two

18
intersecting circles to be orthogonal.
 (APPENDIX-III)
Conic Sections
BIOTECHNOLOGY- B.TECH / M.TECH &
Sections of cones, equations of conic sections B.SC.NURSING.B.PHARMA/D.PHARMA
(parabola, ellipse and hyperbola) in standard
forms, condition for
y = mx+c to be a tangent and point (s) of BIOLOGY (BOTANY AND ZOOLOGY)
tangency.
Unit : 1 Diversity in Living World
Unit 12: Three Dimensional Geometry
Biology – its meaning and relevance to
Coordinates of a point in space, distance mankind
between two points; Section formula, direction What is living; Taxonomic categories and
ratios and direction cosines, angle between two
aids (Botanical gardens, herbaria, museums,
intersecting lines. Skew lines, the shortest
distance between them and its equation. zoological parks); Systematics and Binomial
Equations of a line and a plane in different system of nomenclature.
forms; intersection of a line and a plane, Introductory classification of living
coplanar lines, equation of a sphere, its centre organisms (Two-kingdom system, Five-
and radius. Diameter form of the equation of a kingdom system); Major groups of each
sphere. kingdom alongwith their salient features
(Monera, including Archaebacteria and
Unit 13: Vector Algebra
Cyanobacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae,
Vectors and Scalars, addition of vectors, Animalia); Viruses; Lichens
components of a vector in two dimensions and Plant kingdom – Salient features of major
three dimensional space, scalar and vector groups (Algae to Angiosperms);
products, scalar and vector triple product. Animal kingdom – Salient features of
Application of vectors to plane geometry. Nonchordates up to phylum, and Chordates
up to class level.
Unit 14: Probability
Probability of an event, addition and
multiplication theorems of probability and their
Unit : 2 Cell : The Unit of Life ; Structure
application; Conditional probability, Total and Function
probability theorem . Bayes’ Theorem,
independence of events. Cell wall; Cell membrane; Endomembrane
system (ER, Golgi apparatus/Dictyosome,
Unit 15: Trigonometry Lysosomes, Vacuoles); Mitochondria;
Trigonometrically identities and equations. Plastids; Ribosomes; Cytoskeleton; Cilia
Inverse trigonometric functions and their and Flagella; Centrosome and Centriole;
properties. Properties of triangles, including Nucleus; Microbodies. Structural differences
centroid, incentre, circum-centre and between prokaryotic and eukaryotic, and
orthocenter, solution of triangles. Heights and between plant and animal cells. Cell cycle
Distances. (various phases); Mitosis; Meiosis.
Biomolecules – Structure and function of
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic
acids.
Enzymes – Chemical nature, types,
properties and mechanism of action.

19