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    9 - If Clause

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    miyasez855

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    9 - If Clause

    Uploaded by

    miyasez855
    5 views7 pages

    Original Title

    9- If Clause

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    5 views7 pages

    9 - If Clause

    Uploaded by

    miyasez855

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    5-IF CLAUSE

    TYPE KURALLARI

    TYPE 0 :

    If + present simple , present simple


    Present simple if present simple

    Genellikle bilimsel gerçekleri yada bir kuralı anlatırken Type 0 kullanılır.

    - If you heat the water , it boils.


    - If you heat the ice , it melts.

    TYPE 1 : present real

    If + present simp.(v1/vs) , will


    Present cont.(am/is/are ving can +V 1
    Present perf. (have/has v3) may
    Should-can-may should
    Could(nadiren)

    Will present simple(v1/vs)


    Can present continuous(am/is/are ving)
    May + V1 if present perfect(have/has v3)
    Should should – can – may v1
    Could(nadiren)

    Şimdi yada gelecek zamanda gerçekleşmesi mümkün eylemleri anlatmak için kullanılır.

    - If I have some free time tomorrow , I will visit my grandma.


    - If Mr.Clark is still working for that company , I can call him and arrange a meeting for you.
    - If you have completed the first exercise , you may move onto the next one.
    - you should stop eating fast food if you don’t want to put on weight

    TYPE 2 : Present Unreal

    If + past simp. (v2) , would


    Past cont. (was/were ving) could + V 1
    could might

    would V2
    could + V1 if was/were ving
    might could v1

    Şimdiki zamanda gerçek olmayan durumları anlatırken bu kalıp kullanılır.

    - If I were you , I would give up smoking.


    - he could get a driver’s licence if Ahmet were two years older ,
    - If I could get a better job , I might consider moving to a bigger flat.
    TYPE 3 : Past Unreal

    If + past perfect (had v3) would have V3


    Past perfect cont. (had been ving) , could have V3
    Could have V3 might have V3

    Would have v3 past perfect (had v3)


    Could have v3 if Past perfect cont. (had been ving)
    Might have v3 Could have V 3

    Geçmiş zamanda gerçekleşmemiş eylemlerden bahserderken kullanılır.

    - I didn’t use a dictionary , so I made some mistakes.


    If I had used a dictionary , I wouldn’t have made mistakes.
    - John drank coffee last night , so he couldn’t sleep.
    If John had drunk coffee last night , he could have slept.
    - If you had invited me to the party, I would have come.
    - I would have taken a map with me if you had told me that you didn’t know the area.
    - she might have given you some more days to complete your homework if you had talked to
    your teacher

    MIXED TYPE :

    1- If + past perfect (Type 3) , would/could/might V 1 (Type 2)


    Would/could/might v1 if had v3

    - If the patient hadn’t undergone an emergency operation , he wouldn’t be alive now.


    - If I had learned English when I was in school , I couldn’t be in this class now.
    - I would be a rich man now if I had won the lottery last week ,
    - If she hadn’t spent all her money on clothes , she could come with us to the restaurant
    tonight.

    2- If + past simple (Type 2) , would have / could have / might have V 3 (Type.3)
    Would/could/might have v3 if v2

    - If he were your real friend , he would have helped you yesterday.


    - I would have bought that Ferrari we saw yesterday if I were rich ,.
    - If Sam spoke Russian , he would have translated the letter for you.

    INVERSION IN IF CLAUSE :

    TYPE 1 :

    - If you study hard , you can pass the exam.


    Should you study hard , you can pass the exam.
    - If he needs to reach me , I will be at the office from 9 to 5 today.
    Should he need to reach me , I will be at the Office from 9 to 5 today.
    - If you are not satisfied with our goods , please return them in a week.
    Should you not be satisfied with our goods , please return them in a week.
    TYPE 2 :

    - If you studied hard , you would pass the exam.


    Were you to study hard , you would pass the exam.
    - If I were you , I would not buy a second-hand car.
    Were I you , I wouldn’t but a second-hand car.
    - If that company offered me a job , I would accept it at once.
    Were that company to offer me a job , I’d accpet it at once.

    TYPE 3 :

    - If you had studied hard , you would have passed the exam.
    Had you studied hard , you would have passed the exam.
    - If I had known you were studying , I wouldn’t have made so much noise.
    Had I known you were studying , I wouldn’t have made so much noise.
    - If he had had enough time , I could have answered all the questions.
    Had he had enough time , I could have answered all the questions
    BAĞLAÇLAR

    BAĞLAÇ+CÜMLE , CÜMLE BAĞLAÇ + İSİM,VING,, CÜMLE CÜMLE ; BAĞLAÇ(,) CÜMLE


    CÜMLE + BAĞLAÇ + CÜMLE CÜMLE + BAĞLAÇ + İSİM , VİNG CÜMLE , BAĞLAÇ( ,) CÜMLE
    CÜMLE . BAĞLAÇ (,) CÜMLE

    İF(EĞER) BUT FOR (….OLMASA) OTHERWISE (AKSİ TAKDIRDE)


    ONLY IF(EĞER) WITHOUT (….OLMASA) OR ELSE (AKSİ TAKDİRDE)
    AS/SO LONG AS(SÜRECE) IN CASE OF (DURUMUNDA) OR (YOKSA)
    PROVIDED/PROVIDING (THAT) IN THE EVENT OF (DURUMUNDA) IF NOT (EĞER OLMAZSA)
    (KOŞULUYLA,ŞARTIYLA) IS SO(EĞER OLURSA)
    ON CONDITION THAT ( KOŞULUYLA ,
    ŞARTIYLA)
    UNLESS (EĞER…..OLMAZSA)
    EVEN IF (…..OLSA BİLE)
    SUPPOSE/SUPPOSING (THAT)
    (FARZET Kİ)
    WHAT IF …..? (YA….OLURSA)
    WHETHER….OR (NOT) (İSTER ….
    İSTER …./OLSADA OLMASADA)
    IN CASE (OLURSA DİYE)
    IN THE EVENT THAT(DURUMUNDA)
    IF ONLY (KEŞKE)

    1-IF-AS/SO LONG AS – ON CONDITION THAT – PROVIDING/PROVIDED (THAT)

    *Bu bağlaçlar genellikle yakın anlamlıdır ve birbirinin yerine kullanılabilir

    -You can take the car if/provided that/providing that/on condition that/as long as you promise to
    drive slowly and carefully.
    -Your little sister can come to the concert with us if/provided that/providing that/on condition
    that/as long as she keeps quiet

    2-ONLY IF

    *Yukarıda ki bağlaçlar ile yakın anlamlıdır ve cümle ortasından kullanıldığında onlardan hiçbir farkı
    yoktur. Ancak cümle başında kullandığımızda cümlenin ikinci bölümünün devrik olması gerekir

    -You can take the car only if you promise to drive slowly and carefully
    Only if you promise to drive slowly and carefully can you take the car

    -We will save our planet only if we start taking the necessary precautions now.
    Only if we start taking the necessary precautions now will we save our planet

    3-UNLESS

    *cümleye olumsuzluk katar bu yüzden kendisinden sonra ki cümlede asla ‘not-no-never..vb’ gibi
    olumsuzluk bildiren ifadeler kullanılamaz.Genellikle cümlenin ikinci bölümünde olumsuz bir anlam
    vardır

    -The theatre will close unless a sponsor is found.


    Olumsuz anlam
    -Unless you tell me the truth , I won’t let you go.
    Olumsuz anlam

    4-EVEN IF

    *Bir zıtlık bağlacıdır

    -Even if it rains , we will go to picnic


    -She can’t pass even if she gets 80 in the final exam.

    5-SUPPOSE/SUPPOSING (THAT)

    *Genellikle ‘type 2’ ile kullanılır

    -Suppose/supposing he asked you to marry him , what would you do?


    -Suppose/supposing you were rich , what would you do?

    6-WHAT IF…..?

    *Arkasından tek bir cümle alır ve sonunda soru işareti kullanılır

    -What if you won the lottery? What would you do then?

    7-WHETHER ….. OR(NOT)

    *WHETHER , sadece kendisinden sonra ki cümle de ‘or’ varsa bağlaç olarak kullanılabilir

    - I am going to buy this dress whether it is cheap or not.

    8-IN CASE / IN THE EVENT THAT

    -You should take a dictionary with you in case you need to look up the meaning of a word.
    -I will be at my sister’s house in the event that you need to reach me.

    9-IF ONLY

    -If only you hadn’t talked to her in such a rude manner.


    -If only we could have even more time to finish this project

    10-BUT FOR / WITHOUT

    *arkalarından ‘isim yada ving’ alırlar ve cümlede genellikle ‘would-could’ vardır

    -Without your help , we couldn’t finish this job on time


    -But for the money we saved , we would have had a really hard time during the quarantine time

    11-IN CASE OF / IN THE EVENT OF

    -In case of an emergency , you can call this number


    -You should save these documents first in the event of any fire
    12-OR-OR ELSE – OTHERWISE – IF NOT

    *İki cümle ortasında önlerinde noktalama işareti ile kullanılırlar. Kendilerinden sonra ki cümlede ‘will
    – would – can – could – might’ gibi modallar vardır

    -We have to leave now ; otherwise , we could miss the bus.


    -We have to leave now;we would otherwise miss the bus
    -We were delayed at the airport. Or else we would have arrived in London two hours ago.
    -You should study regularly , if not , you will fail.
    -You should come to work on time , or you can lose your job

    13-IF SO

    *Cümle ortasında önünde noktalama işareti ile kullanılır. Kendisinden sonra ki cümleye ‘will-would-
    can – could-might’ gibi modallar gelir

    -They say there is a meeting on Saturday.If so , I can’t come to the mountains with you at the
    weekend.

    WISH CLAUSE

    1-Wish + V2 – was/were Ving

    Şimdiki zamandan bahsederken kullanılır.

    - This exercise is too difficult.I can’t do it.


    I wish this exercise weren’t so difficult.
    - She is not old enough to get a driver’s license.
    She wished she were old enough to get a driver’s license.
    - I share my room with two other students and I don’t like it.
    I wish I didn’t share my room with two other students.

    2-Wish + had V3 / could have V3 / would have V3

    Geçmişte olmuş yada olmamamış olaylardan dolayı pişmalık duyduğumuzu anlatırken kullanılır.

    - You didn’t tell me you needed help so I didn’t help you.


    I wish you had told me you needed help , I would have helped you.
    - My father gave away his old coat the other day and now he can’t find it.
    My father wishes he had not given away his coar the other day.
    - I was driving too fast so I had an accident.
    I wish I hadn’t been driving so fast.
    - I couldn’t answer most of the questions so I failed.
    I wish I could have answered most of the questions.
    - It’s a pity that he couldn’t come to the party yesterday.
    I wish he would have come to the party yesterday.
    3-Wish + could V1

    Bir beceriye sahip olmadığımız için , bir şeyi gerçekleştiremiyeceğimizden dolayı, üzüntü
    duyduğumuzu anlatırken kullanılır

    - I wish I could speak English fluently as you do.


    - I wish I could come to the cinema with you but I have to study.
    - I wish we could finish it in a shorter time.

    4-Wish + would V1

    Gelecekte yapılmasını istediğimiz bir şeyden bahsederken bu kalıbı kullanırız. ‘’would’’ eğer iki özne
    aynı ise kullanılamaz.

    - I wish he would play the piano.


    - I wish she would join us for the dinner.
    - I wish you would listen to me.

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