TR 77 : Part 1 : 2020

IEC TS 62933-3-1:2018, MOD

(ICS 13.020.30)

TECHNICAL REFERENCE

Electrical energy storage (EES) systems

– Part 1 : Planning and performance assessment of
electrical energy storage systems – General specification
 TR 77 : Part 1 : 2020
IEC TS 62933-3-1:2018, MOD
(ICS 13.020.30)

TECHNICAL REFERENCE
Electrical energy storage (EES) systems
– Part 1 : Planning and performance assessment of electrical energy storage
systems – General specification

Published by Enterprise Singapore

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ISBN 978-981-49-2508-2
 TR 77 : Part 1 : 2020

The content of this Technical Reference was approved on 24 July 2020 by the Electrical and
Electronics Standards Committee (EESC) under the purview of the Singapore Standards Council.

First published, 2020

EESC consists of the following members:

Name Representation

Chairman : Er. Peter Leong Weng Kwai Individual Capacity

Deputy
Chairmen : Mr Andrew Chow Individual Capacity
Dr Kang Cheng Guan Energy Market Authority
Advisor : Mr Renny Yeo Ah Kiang Individual Capacity
Secretary : Mr Jason Low Enterprise Singapore
Members : Dr Ashwin Khambadkone National University of Singapore
Dr Chua Sze Wey Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Mr Michael Goh Chye Soon Singapore Electrical Contractors and Licensed
Electrical Workers Association
Assoc Prof Gooi Hoay Beng Nanyang Technological University
Er. Hashim Bin Mansoor Building and Construction Authority
Er. Kwang Cheok Sen Housing & Development Board
Mr Cedric Lee Say Teck SP Group
Mr Lee Wee Keong Singapore Civil Defence Force
Er. Lim Say Leong Individual Capacity
Er. Ling Shiang Yun Association of Consulting Engineers Singapore
Er. Kenneth Liu Individual Capacity
Mr Ng Soon Lee TÜV SÜD PSB Pte Ltd
Mr Sim Wee Meng Land Transport Authority
Mr Tan Beng Koon Singapore Manufacturing Federation
Er. Tan Hak Khoon Individual Capacity
Mr Roland Tan National Environment Agency
Er. Joseph Toh Siaw Hui The Institution of Engineers, Singapore
Mr Andrew Yap Enterprise Singapore
Mr Nelson Yeap Singapore Electrical Trades Association

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EESC set up the Technical Committee on Power System and Utilisation to oversee the preparation of
this standard. The Technical Committee consists of the following members:

Name Representation

Chairman : Er. Tan Hak Khoon Individual Capacity

Deputy
Chairman : Er. Tan Chong Poh Individual Capacity
Secretary : Mr Kok Yixiong Enterprise Singapore
Members : Er. Chan Chee Hin Ngee Ann Polytechnic
Mr Chia Song Khoon Land Transport Authority
Er. Adeline Koh Association of Consulting Engineers Singapore
Prof Lalit Kumar Goel Nanyang Technological University
Er. Lee Wai Meng Singapore Electrical Contractors and Licensed
Electrical Workers Association
Er. Lim Say Leong Singapore Electrical Trades Association
Dr Thomas Reindl Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore
Mr Seng Chin Chye Institute of Technical Education
Er. Soh Swee Seng Housing & Development Board
Er. Sye Toh Siang Lin JTC Corporation
Mr Tan Boon Chong Singapore Manufacturing Federation
Dr Teo Tee Hui The Institution of Engineers, Singapore

The Technical Committee set up the Working Group on Electrical Energy Storage Systems to prepare
this standard. The Working Group consists of the following experts who contribute in their individual
capacity:

Name

Convenor : Mr Chang Sau Sheong

Deputy
Convenor : Dr Ngin Hoon Tong
Secretary : Mr Kok Yixiong
Members : Er. Thomas Cheang Mun Keong
Prof Chen Xiaodong
Mr Chia Song Khoon
Mr Edward Choong Seng Kiat
Dr Chua Sze Wey
LTC Vincent Ho
Ms Joanna Lim
Mr Lim Ming Chiat
Mr Loh Poh Soon
Assoc Prof Palani Balaya
Mr Tan Lee Heng
Mr Woody Tham Tzen Woo
Er. Joseph Toh
Prof Tseng King Jet
Mr Muang Nyunt Wai
Mr Wong Siew Yuan
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Resource
Member : Mr Low Zhen Liang
Mr Jerry Lui
CPT Tan Ping Hao

The organisations in which the experts of the Working Group are involved are:

Association of Consulting Engineers Singapore

Energy Market Authority
GenPlus Pte Ltd
Housing & Development Board
Land Transport Authority
Nanyang Technological University
National Environment Agency
National Metrology Centre
National University of Singapore
Power Automation Pte Ltd
Singapore Civil Defence Force
Singapore Institute of Technology
Singapore Test Services Pte Ltd
SP Group
The Institution of Engineers, Singapore
TÜV SÜD PSB Pte Ltd

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CONTENTS
NATIONAL FOREWORD ....................................................................................................... 8
FOREWORD ......................................................................................................................... 9
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 11
1 Scope .......................................................................................................................... 12
2 Normative references ................................................................................................... 12
3 Terms, definitions and symbols .................................................................................... 13
3.1 Terms and definitions .......................................................................................... 13
3.2 Symbols .............................................................................................................. 14
4 General structure of EES systems ................................................................................ 14
4.1 Architecture of an EES system ............................................................................ 14
4.2 Subsystem specifications .................................................................................... 16
4.2.1 Accumulation subsystem .............................................................................. 16
4.2.2 Power conversion subsystem ....................................................................... 16
4.2.3 Auxiliary subsystem ..................................................................................... 16
4.2.4 Control subsystem........................................................................................ 16
5 Planning of EES systems ............................................................................................. 17
5.1 General ............................................................................................................... 17
5.2 EES system environment ..................................................................................... 18
5.2.1 General ........................................................................................................ 18
5.2.2 Grid parameters and requirements ............................................................... 18
5.2.3 Service conditions ........................................................................................ 19
5.2.4 Standards and local regulations ................................................................... 20
5.3 Sizing of EES systems ......................................................................................... 20
5.3.1 Requirements at primary POC ...................................................................... 20
5.3.2 Sizing recommendations .............................................................................. 22
5.4 Main electrical parameters of EES systems ......................................................... 22
5.4.1 General ........................................................................................................ 22
5.4.2 Input and output power rating ....................................................................... 23
5.4.3 Rated energy capacity .................................................................................. 23
5.4.4 Auxiliary power consumption ........................................................................ 24
5.4.5 Self-discharge .............................................................................................. 24
5.4.6 Roundtrip efficiency...................................................................................... 24
5.4.7 Duty cycle roundtrip efficiency ...................................................................... 24
5.4.8 Recovery times ............................................................................................ 24
5.4.9 End-of-service life values ............................................................................. 24
5.5 Functional system performance ........................................................................... 26
5.5.1 General ........................................................................................................ 26
5.5.2 Operation states of control subsystem .......................................................... 28
5.5.3 Grid frequency support ................................................................................. 29
5.5.4 Islanding control and black start capability ................................................... 30
5.5.5 Active power limitation ................................................................................. 30
5.5.6 Manual active power control ......................................................................... 30
5.5.7 Pattern active power control ......................................................................... 30

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5.5.8 Automatic load following control ................................................................... 31

5.5.9 Power control modes for grid voltage support ............................................... 32
5.6 Communication interface ..................................................................................... 33
5.6.1 General ........................................................................................................ 33
5.6.2 Information model for an EES system ........................................................... 34
5.6.3 Remote monitoring and control ..................................................................... 36
6 EES system performance assessment .......................................................................... 41
6.1 Factory acceptance test (FAT) ............................................................................. 41
6.2 Installation and commissioning ............................................................................ 41
6.2.1 General ........................................................................................................ 41
6.2.2 Installation phase ......................................................................................... 41
6.2.3 Commissioning phase .................................................................................. 42
6.3 Site acceptance test (SAT) .................................................................................. 43
6.4 Performance monitoring phase ............................................................................ 43
7 Parameters meassurement tolerance .......................................................................... 44
Annex A (informative) Examples of EES system applications .............................................. 46
A.1 EES system designed for reserve control ............................................................ 46
A.1.1 General ........................................................................................................ 46
A.1.2 Example of an EES system for primary frequency control ............................. 46
A.1.3 Example of an EES system for secondary frequency control ........................ 47
A.1.4 Not used ...................................................................................................... 48
A.2 EES system in conjunction with renewable energy production ............................. 49
A.2.1 General ........................................................................................................ 49
A.2.2 Example of EES system for renewable (energy) firming ................................ 49
A.2.3 Example of EES system for renewable (power) smoothing ........................... 50
A.3 EES system for grid support applications ............................................................. 51
A.3.1 Example of an EES system for grid voltage support ( Q(U) control mode) ...... 51
A.3.2 Example of an EES system for power quality support by voltage -related
active power injection ................................................................................... 54
Annex B (informative) Aspects to be considered with regard to EES system installation ..... 56
B.1 Site-assembling ................................................................................................... 56
B.2 Protection against disaster – Fire prevention ....................................................... 56
B.3 Transportation and on-site storage ...................................................................... 56
Annex ZA (informative) National deviations ........................................................................ 57
Bibliography ........................................................................................................................ 60

Figure 1 – Typical architectures of EES systems ................................................................. 15

Figure 2 – Example of classification of EES systems according to energy form ................... 16
Figure 3 – Sample performance versus time characteristics for EES systems ...................... 25
Figure 4 – Sample consideration to design the service life of EES systems ......................... 26
Figure 5 –Example of EES system operation states ............................................................. 28
Figure 6 – Example for P(f) strategy .................................................................................... 29
Figure 7 – Example of setting of active output power at primary POC .................................. 30
Figure 8 – Example of day pattern operation at primary POC .............................................. 31

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Figure 9 – Example of peak shaving application .................................................................. 31

Figure 10 – Example of a general control characteristic ....................................................... 33
Figure 11 – Reference diagram for information exchange .................................................... 34
Figure 12 – EES system as an aggregation of several EES systems at the same primary POC
35
Figure A.1 – Sample duty cycle for a primary frequency control application with 30-s power
output every 30 min shown over 2 h .................................................................................... 46
Figure A.2 – Sample power output for a secondary frequency control application with 20 -min
power output over 3 h .......................................................................................................... 48
Figure A.4 – Sample output power of an EES system in a renewable (solar) energy firming
application ........................................................................................................................... 50
Figure A.5 – Sample output power of an EES system for a renewable (solar) power
smoothing application .......................................................................................................... 51
Figure A.6 – Example of grid voltage at the POC of a photovoltaic power plant ................... 52
Figure A.7 – Sample reactive power supply of an EES system at the POC .......................... 53
Figure A.8 – Sample duty cycle for power quality support by voltage -related active power
injection with 5-min power output every 45 min over 12 h .................................................... 55

Table 1 – Points of attention for planning phase .................................................................. 23

Table 2 – Example of day pattern operation ......................................................................... 31
Table 3 – Example for messages of measurement and monitoring categories versus
categories of messages ....................................................................................................... 37
Table 4 – Example of messages of an EES system information model ................................. 38
Table 5 – Example of items to be taken into account in the different installation phases ...... 41
Table 6 – Points of attention for commissioning phase ........................................................ 42
Table 7 – Points of attention for performance monitoring phase ........................................... 43
Table 8 – Example of local measurements and monitoring of EES system ........................... 44
Table A.1 – Sample values of a duty cycle for primary frequency control for sudden loss of
generation ........................................................................................................................... 47
Table A.2 – Sample values of recovery time for primary frequency control for sudden loss of
generation ........................................................................................................................... 47
Table A.3 – Sample values of a duty cycle for secondary frequency control for sudden loss
of generation ....................................................................................................................... 48
Table A.4 – Sample values of a duty cycle for renewable (energy) firming ........................... 50
Table A.5 – Sample values of a duty cycle for grid voltage support by Q(U) control mode .... 54
Table A.6 – Sample values of a duty cycle for power quality ................................................ 55

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National Foreword

This Technical Reference (TR) was prepared by the Working Group on Electrical Energy Storage
Systems set up by the Technical Committee on Power System and Utilisation under the purview of
EESC.

This TR is a modified adoption of IEC TS 62933-3-1:2018, “Electrical energy storage (EES) systems
– Part 3-1: Planning and performance assessment of electrical energy storage systems – General
specification”, published by International Electrotechnical Commission.

In this TR, certain modifications due to national requirements and the particular needs of the
local industry have been made. These technical deviations and additional information have
been added directly to the clauses to which they refer, and are marked by a margin bar on the
left of the standard. A complete list of modifications, together with their justifications, is given
in Annex ZA.

NOTE 1 – Reference to International Standards are replaced by applicable Singapore Standards/Technical

References.

NOTE 2 – Where numerical values are expressed as decimals, the comma is read as a full point.

In preparing this TR, references were made to the following publications:

1. IEC 62933-1:2018, Electrical energy storage (EES) systems – Part 1: Vocabulary

2. SS 538 : 2008 (formerly CP 17), Code of practice for maintenance of electrical equipment of
electrical installations

3. SS 551 : 2009 (formerly CP 16), Code of practice for earthing

4. SS 638 : 2018 (formerly CP 5), Code of practice for electrical installations

This TR is a provisional standard made available for application over a period of three years. The aim
is to use the experience gained to update the TR so that it can be adopted as a Singapore
Standard. Users of the TR are invited to provide feedback on its technical content, clarity and ease of
use. Feedback can be submitted using the form provided in the TR. At the end of the three years, the
TR will be reviewed, taking into account any feedback or other considerations, to further its development
into a Singapore Standard if found suitable.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this TR may be the subject of patent
rights. Enterprise Singapore shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all of such patent rights.

NOTE

1. Singapore Standards (SSs) and Technical References (TRs) are reviewed periodically to keep abreast of technical changes,
technological developments and industry practices. The changes are documented through the issue of either amendments
or revisions. Where SSs are deemed to be stable, i.e. no foreseeable changes in them, they will be classified as “Mature
Standards”. Mature Standards will not be subject to further review, unless there are requests to review such standards.

2. An SS or TR is voluntary in nature except when it is made mandatory by a regulatory authority. It can also be cited in contracts
making its application a business necessity. Users are advised to assess and determine whether the SS or TR is suitable for
their intended use or purpose. If required, they should refer to the relevant professionals or experts for advice on the use of
the document. Enterprise Singapore and the Singapore Standards Council shall not be liable for any damages whether
directly or indirectly suffered by anyone or any organisation as a result of the use of any SS or TR. Although care has been
taken to draft this standard, users are also advised to ensure that they apply the information after due diligence.

3. Compliance with a SS or TR does not exempt users from any legal obligations.

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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

____________

ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE (EES) SYSTEMS –

Part 3-1: Planning and performance assessment of

electrical energy storage systems – General specification

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committ ee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non -governmental organizations
liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publica tion shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including in dividual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional
circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specification
when

• the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standa rd,
despite repeated efforts, or
• the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the
future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard.

Technical Specification IEC 62933-3-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee TC 120:
Electrical Energy Storage (EES) Systems.

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The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents:

Enquiry draft Report on voting

120/118/DTS 120/123/RVDTS

Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.

This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

A list of all parts in the IEC 62933 series, published under the general title Electrical energy
storage (EES) systems, can be found on the IEC website.

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be

• transformed into an International standard,

• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

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INTRODUCTION

IEC 62933-2-1 should be used as a reference when selecting testing items and their
corresponding evaluation methods as well as principal parameters. Principal terms used in this
document are defined in IEC 62933-1. Environmental issues are covered by IEC TS 62933-4-1.
The personnel safety issues are covered by IEC TS 62933-5-1.

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ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE (EES) SYSTEMS –

Part 1: Planning and performance assessment of electrical energy storage

systems – General specification

1 Scope
This Technical Reference (TR) is applicable to EES systems designed for grid-connected
indoor or outdoor installation and operation . This document considers

• necessary functions and capabilities of EES systems

• test items and performance assessment methods for EES systems
• requirements for monitoring and acquisition of EES system operating parameters
• exchange of system information and control capabilities required

Stakeholders of this document comprise personnel involved with EES systems, which includes

– planners of electric power systems and EES systems

– owners of EES system
– operators of electric power systems and EES systems
– constructors
– suppliers of EES system and its equipment
– aggregators

Use-case-specific technical documentation, including planning and installation specific tasks

such as system design, monitoring and measurement, operation and maintenance, are very
important and can be found throughout this document.

NOTE This document has been written for AC grids, however parts can also apply to DC grids .

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only t he edition cited
applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.

IEC 60721-1, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 1: Environmental parameters

and their severities

IEC 62351 (all parts), Power systems management and associated information exchange –
Data and communications security

IEC 62443 (all parts), Industrial communication networks – Network and system security

IEC 62933-1:2018, Electrical energy storage (EES) systems – Part 1: Vocabulary

IEC 62933-2-1, Electrical energy storage (EES) systems – Part 2-1: Unit parameters and
testing methods – General specification

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IEC TS 62933-5-1, Electrical energy storage (EES) systems – Part 5-1: Safety considerations
for grid-integrated EES systems – General specification

ISO/IEC 27000, Information technology – Security techniques – Information security

management systems – Overview and vocabulary

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