Powerplant All Term Questions

l
r •
L-4rr-2/ME Date: 10/04/2023

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2020-2001
Sub: ME 419 (Power Plant Engineering)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
The abbreviations have their standard meaning. Assume standard data if necessary.
I. (a) What do you understand by LCF? Briefly discuss about the share of LCF in global
power generation. (8)

(b) Briefly discuss regarding the "Global Footprint" and the "Energy Mix" scenario of
power generation in Bangladesh. (10)
(c) What do you understand by BOP of a plant? Identify the typical electrical and
mechanical BOP components of a thermal power plant. (12)
(d) What do you understand by color codes of Hydrogen? Identify "Blue" and "Pink"
Hydrogen. (5)
2. (a) How can you identify a coal fired thermal power plant? Briefly discuss regarding the
main technical feature of "Payra Power Plant" of Bangladesh. (8)
(b) Identify the typical stages of Coal handling in a steam power plant. (8)
(c) Distinguish between "Sub-critical" and Super-critical" boilers. Why SC and USC
boilers are being used in modern Steam Power Plants? (7)
(d) Briefly discuss the functions of -Feed water Healers, Deaerators and Economizers in
a Steam Power Plant. How can you identify them? (12)
3. (a) What do you understand by 2x I configuration of a CCPP? Briefly explain why this
configuration is most commonly used in modern CCPP. (12)
(b) Identify the components of a HRSG in a CCPP. Briefly explain how it works. (11)
(c) Distinguish between "Back Pressure" and "Extraction-Condensing" turbines used in
Station Power Plants. Why are they used? (12)
4. (a) Briefly describe the starting operation of large reciprocating engines used in DPP. (12)
(b) Why does HFO require pre-processing before being used as a fuel in a DPP. What is
the role of EGB in this process? Briefly discuss. (13)
(c) A generator is being directly driven by a diesel engine in a plant of Bangladesh. The
alternator is supporting a 3-phase electric load of 390 VAC and current in each phase of
25 kA with a power factor of 0.86. The alternator efficiency is 92% and the diesel (SG =
0.83) run engine is operating at 1000 rpm with a BSFC of240 glkWh. Calculate- (10)
(i) Hourly diesel consumption rate in liters.
(ii) No. of poles needed in the alternator.
Contd P/2
•
=2=
ME 419
SECTION-B
5. (a) Compare aero-derivative and heavy-duty industrial gas turbines on various aspects
like performance, fuel, start-up, loading shutdown, etc. (15)

(b) A gas turbine power plant consists of two-stage compression with intercooling and a
turbine with a regenerator. Air enters the compressor at 1 bar, 20°C and the turbine at
900°C. The turbine works on a pressure ratio of 6. The effectiveness of the regenerator is
0%. The rate of airflow through the plant is 210 kg/s and the calorific value of fuel is 40.8
MJ/kg having combustion efficiency of 0.95. Assuming perfect intercooling and
neglecting friction, pressure and heat losses estimate (i) air-fuel ratio, and (ii) the cycle
efficiency. Take cp = 1.005 kJ/kgk, k = 1.4 for air and cp = 1.08 kJ/kgk and k = 1.33 for
combustion gases. Comment on the effect of turbine inlet temperature on the cycle
efficiency. (20)
6. (a) A power station has to supply electric load as follows: (20)

Time (h) 0-6 6-12 12-14 14-18 18-24
Load (MW) 30 90 60 100 50
Do the following:
(i) Draw the load curve and load duration curve
(ii) Select suitable generating units to supply the loads, and hence, the station capacity
(iii) Operating schedule of different units
(iv) Calculate the load factor and capacity factor.
(b) Describe cost elements of electricity generation and use. Explain how the cost
elements are recovered in the Doherty rate method. (15)
7. (a) Distinguish between PWR and BWR by using suitable schematics. (10)
(b) Briefly explain the front end of fission fuel cycle along with its associated
health/environmental hazards. (10)

(c) Elucidate the main concept for providing fundamental safety. Explain how for these
are incorporated in Rooppur Power Plant. (15)
8. (a) Mention salient features of Kaptai Hydel Power Plant. Also briefly explain the
prospect of Hyde! power in Bangladesh. (14)

(b) Write short notes on any there of the following: (3x7=2I)
(i) GT blade cooling
(ii) Theory of rates and its general form
(iii) Factors for selecting hydel power plant
(iv) LOCA.
L-4rr-2/ME Date: 20/3/2022
L-4/T -2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 20 I 9-2020
Full Marks: 2 I 0 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks

-------_ .. ,-_._,.,----------,-_._-, .._.,- ---_._-------_._-_. __ .__ ._----
SECTION -A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE questions.
Symbols and abbreviations have their usual meanings. Assume reasonable values for missing
data, if required. Necessary charts and tables are supplied.
I. (a) What information do one get from coal analysis and ash analysis? How do they
affect the design of steam generators? Explain. (10)
(b) Discuss the importance of load duration curve. Draw an approximate load duration
curve for Bangladesh power system and briefly explain, how the roads are catered for
by Bangladesh Power Development Board. (10)
(c) A power station has the following daily load cycle: (15)
Time (Hours) 0-6 6-8 8-12 12- I 6 16-18 18-22 22-24
Load (MW) 60 70 80 100 70 120 60
The reserve capacity of the power station is 30 MW.

Draw the load duration curve for the power station and calculate: load factor, capacity
factor, and total energy generated by the station in kWh.
2. (a) Using an h-s diagram, show and discuss various loses in a steam turbine. (10)
(b) Compare cyclone furnace and circulating fluidized-bed furnace in regard to their
working principles and other parameters viz., temperature, ash-handling, etc. (10)
(c) Differentiate between sub-critical and ultra super-critical steam generators along
with their relative merits and demerits. Comment on the performance of the power
plant based on the above mentioned steam generators with single reheat. Show the
cycle on T-s diagrams. (15)
3. (a) Why is it necessary to use an open feed-water heater in steam power plants?
Explain the factors that need to be considered in the design of an open feed-water
heater. (10)
(b) A two-pass surface condenser is made up of 40 ft long 3/4 in 00 18 BWG 90-10
Cu-Ni tubes. Cooling water enters the tubes at 75°F and 6.5 ft/s. The condenser
6
handles 2x I 0 lbll,lh of 90% quality steam as well as, 3x 1OS Ibm/h of 110°F drain water
from the low-pressure feed water heater. If the TTD is 6°F, determine the number of
tubes required in the condenser. (25)
4. (a) Why is blade cooling necessary in gas-turbine power plants? Briefly discuss the
blade cooling methods in gas turbines. (10)
(b) Draw the schematic of a gas-steam turbine CCPP. Show the cycle on a T-s plane
and comment on the availability losses using a temperature-energy transfer diagram. (10)
(c) Why is electro-static precipitator (ESP) used in coal TPP? With suitable figure(s),
discuss the working principle of ESP. (15)
Contd P/2
=2=
ME 419
SECTION - B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE questions.
5. (a) Briefly explain the SDGs that are linked with the PSMP-20 16. Also write FIVE
statements on Vision 2041 as mentioned in the PSMP-20 16. (11)
(b) Name the generic types of fuels with examples(s) that are in use/potential for use in
producing electricity globally. (6)
(c) Briefly outline the organizational structure of power sector in Bangladesh. (10)
(d) Illustrate the components of a power system. Also mention about some protective
devices. (8)
6. (a) Classify Nuclear Fission Reactors based on neutron energy and also write the name
of the coolant and moderator for each type. (10)
(b) Briefly explain- Moderator, Control Rod, Scram, Chemical Shim. (10)
(c) By using a suitable schematic, briefly explain the construction and operation of a
pressurizer used in the PWR. (15)
7. (a) Briefly mention some advantages of ICE power plants. (8)

(b) Write a note on supercharging. (Hint: Schematic diagrams, Physical explanation,
advantages). (12)
(c) During a test on a diesel power plant, the following observations were made. (15)
The output of the generator was 215 A at 210 V, the efficiency of the generator being
85%. The quantity of fuel supplied to the engine was 11.8 kg/h, the calorific value of
fuel being 43 MJ/kg. The air-fuel ratio was 18: I.
The exhaust gases were passed through an exhaust gas calorimeter for which the
observations were as follows:
Water circulated through the calorimeter = 560 Llh,
Temperature rise of water = 38 DC
Temperature of exhaust gases at exit from calorimeter = 9rC
Specific heat of exhaust gases = 1.04 kJ/kgK,
Ambient temperature = 30DC
If the heat lost to the jacket cooling water was 32% of the total energy released by
combustion, draw up energy balance sheet of the engine.
8. (a) Write technical specifications of the power plants located in hydroelectric power
plant in Kaptai and NPP in Rooppur. (14)
(b) Briefly explain conduits commonly used in Hydel Power Plants and also illustrate
them. (9)
(c) Write short notes on the following (any two): (12)
(i) Types of investigation in selecting Hydel Power Plant
(ii) Units of radioactivity measurement
(iii) Front end of the fissile fuel cycle.
L
::::.3 -
saturated water-Temperature table

Enth.J1py. Entropy,
Specific volume. IntemoJl tMtgy.
Btuflbm Btullbm.R
ft)llbm Btullbm
Sat. Sat. Sal.
Sat. Sat. Sat.
Sat. Sat. Sat. liquid. [vap .• vapor,
vapor, liquid. Evap .• vapcr.
Temp_.
TOF
press., liquid.
II
vapor,
v,
liquid,
Vf
Evap.,
Vt v, hi ht h, ~ ~, "
P"" psia
0.000 1075.2 1075.2 0.00000 2.18672 2.1867
0.000 1021.0 1021.0
32.018 0.08871 0.01602 3299.9 1022.0 3.004 1073.5 1076.5 0.00609 2.17011 2.1762
0.09998 0.01602 2945.7 3.004 1019.0 2.1589
35 8.032 1070.7 107a.7 0.01620 2.14271
8.032 1015.6 1023.7
40 0.12173 0.01602 2443.6 13.05 1067.8 1080.9 0.02620 2.115a7 2.1421
13.05 1012.2 1025.3
45 0.14756 0.01602 2035.8 1065.0 1083.1 0.03609 2.08956 2.1256
18.07 lOOll.9 1\)26.9 18.07
50 0.17812 0.01602 1703.1 2.06377 2.1096
1028.6 23.07 1062.2 1085.3 0.04586
0.21413 0.01603 1430.4 23.07 1005.5 2.03847 2.0940
55 1030.2 28.08 1059.4 1087.4 0.05554
0.25638 0.01604 1206.1 28.08 1002.1
60 33.08 1056.5 1089.6 0.06511 2.01366 2.0788
33.08 9%.76 1031.8
65 0.30578 0.01604 1020.8 38.08 1053.7 1091.8 0.07459 1.98931 2.0639
867.18 38.08 995.39 1033.5
70 . 0.36334 0.01605 43.07 1050.9 1093.9 0.08398 1.96541 2.0494
739.27 43.07 992.02 1035.1
75 0.43016 0.01606 1.94196 2.0352
1036.7 48.07 1048.0 1096.1 0.09328
0.50745 0.01607 632.41 48.06 988.65
80 53.06 1045.2 1Q9a.3 0.10248 1.91892 2.0214
542.80 53.06 985.28 1038.3
85 0.59659 0.0160'9 58.05 1042.4 1100.4 0.11161 1.89630 2.0079
467.40 58.05 981.90 1040.0
90 0.69904 0.01610 63.04 1039.5 1102.6 0.12065 1.87408 1.9947
403.74 63.04 978.52 1041.6
95 0.81643 0.01612 68.03 1036.7 1104.7 0.12961 1.85225 1.9819
349.83 68.03 975.14 1043.2
100 0.95052 0.01613 1.80970 1.9570
1046.4 78.02 1031.0 110'9.0 0.14728
1.2767 0.01617 264.96 78.01 968.36 1.76856 1.9332
110 1049.6 88.00 1025.2 1113.2 0.16466
1.6951 0.01620 202.94 88.00 961.56 1.9105
120 97.99 \019.4 1117.4 0.18174 1.72877
0.01625 157.09 97.99 954.73 1052.7 1.8888
130 2.2260 107.99 1013.6 1121.6 0.19855 1.69024
0.01629 122.81 107.98 947.87 1055.9 1.8680
140 2.8931 117.99 1007.8 1125.7 0.21508 1.65291
0.01634 96.929 117.98 940.98 1059.0
150 3.7234 1.61670 1.1>481
1062.0 128.00 1001.8 1129.8 0.23136
4.7474 0.01639 77.185 127.9a 934.05 1.58155 1.8289
160 1065.1 138.02 995.88 1133.9 0.24739
0.01645 61.982 138.00 927.08 1.54741 1.8106
170 5.9999 1068.1 148.04 989.85 1137.9 0.26318
0.01651 50.172 148.02 920.06
180 7.5197 158.08 983.76 114 La 0.27874 1.51421 1.7930
0.01657 40.920 158.05 912.99 1071.0
190 9.3497
168.13 977.60 1145.7 0.29409 1.48191 1.7760
0.01663 33.613 168.10 905.87 1074.0
200 11.538 1.7597
178.20 971.35 1149.5 0.30922 1.45046
0.01670 27.798 178.15 898.68 1076.8 1.7565
2\0 14.136 180.21 970.09 1150.3 0.31222 1.44427
0.01671 26.782 180.16 897.24 1077.4
212 14.709 965.02 1153.3 0.32414 1.41980 1.7439
23.136 188.22 891.43 1079.6 188.28
220 17.201 0.01677 958.59 1157.0 0.33887 1.38989 1.7288
19.374 198.31 81>4.10 1082.4 198.37
230 20.795 0.01684 952.06 11&0.5 0.35342 1.36069 1.7141
16.316 208.41 876.70 1085.1 208.49
240 24.985 0.01692 1.6999
218.63 945.41 1164.0 0.36779 1.33216
0.01700 13.816 218.54 869.21 1087.7
250 29.844 938.65 1167.4 0.38198 1.30425 1.6862
11.760 228.68 861.62 1090.3 228.79
260 35.447 0.01708 931.76 1170.7 0.39601 1.27694 1.6730
10.059 238.85 853.94 1092.8 238.98
270 41.877 0.01717 924.74 1173.9 0.40989 1.25018 1.6601
8.6439 249.04 846.16 1095.2 249.20
280 49.222 0.01726 917.57 1177.0 0.42361 1.22393 1.6475
7.4607 259.26 838.27 1097.5 259.45
290 57.573 0.01735 1.6354
269.73 910.24 1180.0 0.43720 1.19818
0.01745 6.4663 269.51 830.25 1099.8
300 67.028 902.75 1182.8 0.45065 1.17289 1.6235
5.6266 279.79 822.11 1101.9 280.05
310 77.691 0.01755 895.09 1185.5 0.46396 1.14802 1.6120
4.9144 290.11 813.1>4 1104.0 290.40
320 89.667 0.01765 887.25 1188.1 0.47716 1.12355 1.6007
4.3076 300.46 805.43 1\05.9 300.80
330 \03.07 0.01776 879.22 1190.5 0.49024 1.09945 1.5897
3.7885 310.85 796.87 1107.7 311.24
340 118.02 0.01787 1.5789
321.73 870.98 1192.7 0.50321 1.07570
0.01799 3.3425 321.29 788.16 1109.4
350 134.63 862.53 1194.8 0.51607 1.05227 1.561>3
2.9580 331.76 779.28 111 1.0 332.28
360 153.03 0.Q1811 853.86 1196.7 0.52884 1.02914 1.5580
2.6252 342.29 770.23 1112.5 342.88
370 173.36 0.01823 1>44.96 11%.5 0.54152 1.00628 1.5478
2.3361 352.87 761.00 1113.9 353.53
380 195.74 0.01836 0.55411 0.98366 1.5378
363.50 751.58 1115.1 364.25 835.81 1200.1
390 220.33 0.Q1850 2.0842
---
4-
Saturated water-Pressure lable

Specific volume, Internal energy. Enthalpy, Entropy.
ft]llbm Btu/Ibm Btul1bm Btullbm.R
Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. S". Sat.

Press., temp., liquid. vapor, liquid, Ewap., \/8por, liquid. Eyap., vapor, liquid, Evap., vapor,
TV! ~F v, v, u, u. v, h, h, ", ••
Ppsia
I 101.69 0.01614 333.49 69.72 913.99 1043.1 69.12

h~
1035.1 1105.4
"0.13262 1.&4495 1.9716
2 126.02 0.01623 113.11 94.02 951.45 1051.5 94.02 1021.1 1115.8 0.17499 1.14444 1.9194
3 141.41 0.01630 118.10 109.39 946.90 1056.3 109.40 1012.8 1122.2 0.20090 1.68489 1.8858
4 152.91 0.01636 90.629 120.89 938.91 1059.9 120.90 1006.0 1126.9 0.21985 1.64225 1.8621
5 162.18 0.01641 13.525 130.17 932.53 1062.7 130.18 1000.5 1130.7 0.23488 1.&0894 1.8438
6 110.00 0.01645 61.982 138.00 921.08 1065.1 138.02 995.88 1133.9 0.24139 1.58155 1.8289
8 182.81 0.01652 41.341 150.83 918.08 1068.9 150.86 988.15 1139.0 0.26151 1.53800 1.8(J56
10 193.16 0.01659 33.425 161.22 910.15 1012.0 161.25 981.82 1143.1 0.28362 1.50391 1.1815
14.696 211. 95 0.01611 26.805 180.12 897.27 1077.4 180.16 970.12 1150.3 0.31215 144441 1.7566
15 212.99 0.01612 26.291 181.16 896.52 1071.1 18121 969.41 1150.7 0.31310 1.44441 1.1549
20 221.92 0.01683 20.093 196.21 S85.63 1081.8 196.21 959.93 1156.2 0.33582 1.39606 1.1319
25 240.03 0.01692 1&.307 208.45 876.67 lO85.1 208.52 952.03 1160.6 0.35347 1.36060 1.7141
30 250.30 0.01100 13.149 218.84 868.98 1081.8 218.93 945.21 1164.1 0.36821 1.33132 1.6995
35 259.25 0.01108 11.901 221.92 862.19 1090.1 228.03 939.16 1161.2 0.38093 1.30632 1.6812
40 261.22 0.01115 10.501 236.02 856.09 1092.1 236.14 933.69 1169.8 0.39213 1.28448 1.6766
45 274.41 0.01721 9.4028 243.34 850.52 1093.9 243.49 928.68 1172.2 0.40216 1.26506 1.6672
50 280.99 0.01721 8.5115 250.05 845.39 1095.4 250.21 924.03 1174.2 0.41125 1.24156 1.6588
55 281.05 0.01732 1.7882 256.25 840.61 1096.9 256.42 919.10 1176.1 0.41958 1.23162 1.6512
60 292.69 0.01738 7:1766 262.01 836.13 lO98.1 262.20 915.61 1177.8 0.42728 121697 16442
65 291.95 0.01743 6.6560 261.41 831.90 1099.3 261.62 911.15 1119.4 0.43443 1.20341 1.6318
10 302.91 0.01748 6.2015 212.50 821.90 1l00.4 272.72 908.08 1180.8 0.44112 1.19018 1.6319
75 307.59 0.01752 5.8161 271.31 824.09 1l01.4 271.55 904.58 1182.1 0.44141 1.11895 1.6264
80 312.02 0.01151 5.4133 281.81 820.45 1l02.3 282.13 901.22 1183.4 0.45335 1.16183 1.6212
85 316.24 0.01761 5.1689 286.22 816.97 1l03.2 286.50 898.00 1184.5 0.45891 1.15732 1.6163
90 320.26 0.01765 4.8912 290.38 813.62 1l04.0 290.61 894.89 1185.6 0.46431 1.14731 1.6111
95 324.11 0.01770 4.6532 294.36 810.40 1l04.8 294.61 891.89 1l86.6 0.46941 1.13791 1.6013
100 321:81 0.01774 4.4321 298.19 801.29 1l05.5 298.51 888.99 1l81.5 0.47421 1.12llll1l 1.6032
110 334.71 0.01781 4.0410 305.41 801.37 1l06.8 305.18 883.44 1189.2 0.48341 1.11201 1.5954
120 341.25 0.01189 3.1289 312.16 195.19 1l01.9 312.55 878.20 1190.8 0.49181 1.09646 1.58S3
130 341.32 0.01796 3.4551 318.48 790.51 1l09.0 318.92 873.21 1l92.[ 0.49974 1.03204 1.5818
140 353.03 0.01802 3.2202 324.45 la5.49 1l09.9 324.92 868.45 1193.4 0.50111 1.06a58 1.5751
150 358.42 0.01809 3.0150 330.11 180.69 1110.8 330.61 863.88 1l94.5 0.51405 1.05595 1.5700
160 363.54 0.01815 2.8341 335.49 776.10 Il 11.6 336.02 859.49 1195.5 0.52061 1.04405 1.5647
110 368.41 0.01821 2.6749 340.62 711.68 1112.3 341.19 855.25 1l96.4 0.52682 1.03219 1.5596
180 313.01 0.01821 2.5322 345.53 761.42 1113.0 346.14 851.16 1191.3 0.53274 1.02210 1.5548
190 377.52 0.01833 2.4040 350.24 763.31 1113.6 350.89 847.19 1198.1 0.53839 1.01191 15503
200 381.80 0.01839 2.2Ba2 354.78 759.32 1l14.1 355.46 843.33 1l98.8 0.54379 1.00219 1.5460
250 400.97 0.01865 1.8440 375.23 741.02 1l16.3 376.09 825.41 1201.6 0.56784 0.95912 1.5210
300 417.35 0.01890 1.5435 392.89 124.71 1117.7 393.94 809.41 1203.3 0.58818 0.92289 1.5111
350 431.14 0.01912 1.3263 408.55 709.98 1118.5 409.79 794.65 1204.4 0.60590 0.89143 14973
400 444.62 0.01934 1.1617 422.70 696.31 1l19.0 424.13 780.87 1205.0 0.62168 0.36350 1.4852
450 456.31 0.01955 1.0324 435.67 683.52 1l19.2 437.30 167.86 1205.2 0.63595 0.83828 1.4742
500 467.04 0.01975 0.92819 441.68 671.42 1119.1 449.51 755.48 1205.0 0.64900 0.81521 1.4642
550 476.97 0.01995 0.84228 458.90 659.91 1l18.8 460.93 743.60 1204.5 0.66107 0.793Ba 1.4550
600 486.24 0.02014 0.77020 469.46 648.88 1l18.3 471.70 732.15 1203.9 0.67231 0.77400 1.4463
700 503.13 0.02051 0.65589 4Ba.96 627.98 1116.9 491.62 110.29 1201.9 0.69219 0.73771 1.4305
800 518.27 0.02087 0.56920 506.74 608.30 1115.0 509.83 689.48 1199.3 0.71117 0.70502 1.4162
900 532.02 0.02124 0.50107 523.19 589.54 1112.1 526.73 669.46 1196.2 0.72193 0.67505 1.4030
1000 544.65 0.02159 0.44604 538.58 571.49 1110.1 542.57 650.03 1192.6 0.74341 0.64722 1.3906
1200 567.26 0.02232 0.36241 566.89 536.87 1103.8 571.85 612.39 1184.2 0.77143 0.59632 1.3677
1400 587.14 0.02307 0.30161 592.79 503.50 1096.3 598.16 575.66 1174.4 0.79658 0.54991 1.3465
1600 604.93 0.02386 0.25516 616.99 470.69 1087.7 624.06 539.18 1163.2 0.81972 0.50645 1.3262
1800 621.07 0.02470 0.21831 640.03 437.86 1077.9 648.26 502.35 1150.6 0.84144 0.46482 1.3063
2000 635.85 0.02563 0.18815 662.33 404.46 1066.8 671.82 464.60 1136.4 0.86224 0.42409 1.2863
2500 668.17 0.02860 0.13076 717.67 313.53 1031.2 730.90 360.79 J091.7 0.91311 0.319Ba 1.2330
3000 695.41 0.03433 0.08460 783.39 [86.41 969.8 802.45 214.32 1016.8 0.91321 0.18554 1.1581
3200.1 105.10 0.04975 0.04975 866.61 0 866.6 896.07 0 896.1 1.05257 0 1.0526
Superheatetl water (COndudedl
5
5
5 h Btul
BtU! v u h BtU! v U
T v u h
lbm.R fPllbm Btu/Ibm Btu/Ibm Ibm.R
Ibm.R ft 3/lbm Btullbm Btllflbm
of fP/lbm Btullbm Btu/Ibm
P = 1500 psi. 1595.26"F) P = 1750 psl.1617.I]"F) P = 2000 PSI' 1635.85'F)
0.22681 L080.5 1153.9 1.3112 0.18815 1066.8 1136.4 1.2853

Sat. 0.27695 1092.1 1169.0 1.3362
600 0.28189 1097.2 1175.4 1.3423 0.20585 1091.4 1167.6 1.3146
0.25292 1122.8 1207.9 1.3607
650 0.33310 1147.2 1239.7 1.4015 1.4108 0.24894 1147.6 1239.8 1.3783
1183.6 1286.9 1.4433 0.30252 11668 1264.7
700 0.37198 1.4489 0.28074 1187.4 1291.3 1.4218
1214.4 1326.9 1.4771 0.33455 1201.5 1309.8
750 0.40535 1.4807 0.30763 1220.5 1334.3 1.4567
1242.2 1363.1 1.5064 0.36266 1231.7 1349.1
800 0.43550 1.5088 0.33169 1250.0 1372.8 1.4867
1268.2 1396.9 1.5328 0.38835 1259.3 1385.1
850 0.46356 1.5341 0.35390 1277.5 1408.5 1.5134
1293.1 1429.2 1.5569 0.41238 1285.4 1419.0
900 0.49015 1.5796 0.39479 1328.7 1474.9 1.5606
1340.9 1490.8 1.6007 0.45719 1334.9 1482.9
1000 0.54031 0.43266 1377.5 1537.6 1.6021
0.49917 1382.4 1544.1 1.6201
1100 0.58781 1387.3 1550.5 1.6402 0.46864 1425.1 1598.5 1.6400
0.53932 1429.2 1603.9 1.6572
1200 0.63355 1433.3 1609.2 1.6767 0.53708 1519.5 1718.3 1.7081
0.61621 1522.6 1722.1 1.7245
1400 0.72172 1525.7 1726.0 1.7432 0.60269 1615.0 1838.0 1.7693
0.69031 1617.4 1840.9 1.7852
1600 0.80714 1619.8 1843.8 1.8033 0.66660 1712.5 1959.2 1.8255
0.76273 1714.5 1961.5 1.8410
1800 0.89090 1716.4 1963.7 1.8589 0.72942 1812.6 2082.6 1.8778
0.83406 1814.2 2084.3 1.8931
2000 0.9735B 1815.9 2086.1 1.9108
P = 3000 psi. 1695.41'F) P = 3500 psi.
P = 2500 psl.1668.1TF)
1091.7 1.2330 0.08460 969.8 1016.8 1.1587
Sat. 0.13076 1031.2 0.02492 663.7 679.9 0.8632
650 1.1960 0.Q3065 760.0 779.9 0.9511
1098.4 1176.3 1.3072 0.09838 1005.3 1059.9
700 0.16849 1196.5 1.3118 0.10460 1057.6 1125.4 1.2434
1154.9 1249.0 1.3685 0.14840 1114.1
750 0.20327 1167.5 1265.3 1.3676 0.13639 1134.3 1222.6 1.3224
800 0.22949 1195.9 1302.0 1.4116 0.17601 1286.5 1.3721
0.19771 1208.2 1317.9 1.4086 0.15847 1183.8
850 0.25174 1230.1 1346.6 1.4463 1223.4 1337.8 1.4106
1.4761 0.21640 1242.8 1362.9 1.4423 0.17659
900 0.27165 1260.7 1386.4 1257.8 1382.4 1.4428
1.5028 0.23321 1273.9 1403.3 1.4716 0.19245
950 0.29001 1289.1 1423.3 0.20687 1289.0 1423.0 1.4711
1458.2 1.5271 0.24876 1302.8 1440.9 1.4978
1000 0.30726 1316.1 0.23289 1346.1 1496.9 1.5201
1524.4 1.5710 0.27732 1356.8 1510.8 1.5441
1100 0.33949 1367.3 0.25654 1399.3 1565.4 1.5627
1587.6 1.6103 0.30367 1408.0 1576.6 1.5850
1200 0.36966 1416.6 0.29978 1500.7 1694.8 1.6364
1710.5 1.6802 0.35249 1507.0 1702.7 1.6567
1400 0.42631 1513.3 0.33994 1600.4 1820.5 1.7006
1832.2 1.7424 0.39830 1605.3 1826.4 1.7199
1600 0.48004 1610.1 0.37833 1700.8 1945.8 1.7586
1954.8 1.7991 0.44237 1704.7 1950.3 1.7773
1800 0.53205 1708.6 0.41561 1802.9 2072.1 1.8121
2079.1 1.8518 0.48532 1806.1 2075.6 1.8304
2000 0.58295 1809.4
P = 5000 psia P = 6000 psia
P :: 4000 pSla
648.3 670.3 0.8485 0.02325 640.3 666.1 0.8408
650 0.02448 657.9 676.1 0.8577 0.02379
721.8 746.6 0.9156 0.02564 708.1 736.5 0.9028
0.02871 742.3 763.6 0.9347 0.02678
I 700
B21.8 853.0 1.0054 0.02981 788.7 821.8 0.9747
750 0.06370 962.1 1009.2 1.1410 0.03373 941.0 1.0711
0.05937 986.9 1041.8 1.1581 0.03949 897.1
800 0.10520 1094.2 1172.1 1.2734
1092.4 1171.5 1.2593 0.05815 1018.6 1083.1 1.1819
850 0.12848 1156.7 1251.8 1.3355 0.08551 1187.7 1.2603
0.10390 1155.9 1252.1 1.3198 0.07584 1103.5
900 0.14647 1202.5 1310.9 1.3799 1263.7 1.3153.
~ 1240.7 1360.5 1.4157 0.11863 1203.9 1313.6 1.3643 0.09010 1163.7
950 0.16176 1.4004 0.10208 1211.4 1324.7 1.3578
1274.6 1404.4 1.4463 0.13128 1244.0 1365.5
1000 0.17538 0.12211 1288.4 1424.0 1.4237
1482.8 1.4983 0.15298 1312.2 1453.8 1.4590
1100 0.19957 1335.1 0.13911 1353.4 1507.8 1.4758
1554.1 1.5426 0.17185 1372.1 1531.1 1.5070
1200 0.22121 1390.3 0.15434 1412.5 1583.8 1.5203
1621.6 1.5821 0.18902 1427.8 1602.7 1.5490
1300 0.24128 1443.0 1468.4 1655.4 1.5598
1.6182 0.20508 1481.4 1671.1 1.5868 0.16841
1400 0.26028 1494.3 1687.0 1575.7 1791.5 1.6294
1.6835 0.23505 1585.6 1803.1 1.6542 0.19438
1600 0.29620 1595.5 1814.7 1681.1 1923.7 1.6907
1.7422 0.26320 1689.0 1932.5 1.7142 0.21853
1800 0.33033 1696.8 1941.4 1786.7 2054.9 1.7463
1.7961 0.29023 1793.2 2061.7 1.7689 0.24155
2000 0.36335 1799.7 2068.6
3/4 7/8 1.0
Tube outer diameter. in
C, IV in ft/., U in Bl\II(II. It' . "1')) 270 263 251
2705 2582
CI IV in mis. U in W/(mt • K») 2777
45 50 55 60 70 80 90 I~
Water temperalUre. "F 35 40
0.72 0.79 0.86 0.92 1.00 1.04 1.08 1.10

C, 0.57 0.64
304 Admiralty, Aluminum- Aluminum-

stainless arsenic. brass, bronze. 70-30
Tube material steel copper MunIZ metal 90-10 Cu-Ni Cu.Ni
1.00 0.96 0.90 0.83

C] 18 gauge 0.58
17 gauge 0.56 0.98 0.94 0.87 0.80
0.54 0.96 0.91 0.84 0.76
16 gauge
C. 0.85 for clean rubes, less for algae covered or sludged lUbe$
TUBES
Table K Properties or condenser and feedwater heater tubes

Inside Tube mass.
Outside
Gage, Thickness. diameter, SUJface area, Waterflow. lb.,lft
diameter.
in in fttlft . gpm/(ft)/(s) (Admiralty)
in BWG
0.065 0.495 0.1636 0.600 0.435

16
0.058 0.509 0.1636 0.630 0.393
518 17
0.049 0.527 0.1636 0.680 Q.337
18
0.035 0.555 0.1636 0.750 0.247
20
0.620 0.1963 0.947 0.532

16 0.065
0.634 0.1963 0.980 0:480
314 17 0.058
0.652 0.1963 1.042 0.4110
18 0.049
0.035 0.680 0.1963 1.130 0.299
20
0.745 0.2291 1.360 0.630

16 0.065
0.759 0.229\ 1.410 0.567
7/8 17 0.058
0.777 0.2291 1.480 0.484
18 0.049
0.805 0.2291 1.S90 0.352
20 0.035
0.1170 0.2618 1.854 0.727

16 0.065
0.884 0.2618 • 1.910 0.653
17 0.058
0.902 0.2618 1.994 0.557
18 0.049
0.930 0.2618 2.120 0.404
20 0.035
L-4/T-2/ME Date: 09/01/2021
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, BUET
L-4/T-2 B.Sc. Engineering Examinations 2019-2020
Abbreviations and symbols used have their usual meanings and interpretations
Assume reasonable values for missing data, if required
Steam Tables and necessary charts are attached
_____________________________________________________________________________
_
SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE
1. (a) What are diversity factor and load factor? Explain how does the increase of (10)
diversity factor increases the load factor and hence lowers the cost of electricity.
(b) Explain the characteristic features of base load and peak load power plants. Give
examples. (10)
(c) A power plant produces (400 + 0.1 n)  106 kWh of electricity in a year with a
capacity factor of 0.6, where n is the last three digits of your student number. (10)
The plant remains unutilized for 760 hours in a year. If the reserve capacity over
and above the peak load is 20 MW, find out the plant capacity, the load factor,
and the use factor.
2. (a) What is meant by the rank of coal? Considering the commercial characteristics, (10)
usability, cost, and environmental aspects, explain logically, which type of coal
is best suited for power plants.
(b) Which type of coal burners are most suitable for ultra-supercritical power plants? (10)
Give reasons for your answer and also state the merits and demerits of the
chosen burner.
(c) With suitable graphs, briefly explain the effects of pressure ratio and turbine inlet (10)
temperature on the efficiency and work output of a simple cycle gas turbine
power plant.
3. (a) Show the actual cycle of a sub-critical steam power plant on an h-s plane and
(10)
point out and briefly explain the various losses in the cycle.
(b) Show using a T-s diagram and reasoning, how regenerative feedwater heater
(10)
enhances the overall performance of a steam power plant.
(c) Write short notes on:

(10)
(i) IGCC
(ii) Blade cooling of gas turbine
Page No. 1
4. The turbine inlet and exit steam in an ideal Rankine cycle are 2000 psia and 900 (30)
F and 0.8 psia, respectively. A two-pass condenser would handle the steam
mass flow rate of 2.5  106 lbm/h as well as (300,000 – 10 n) lbm/h of 110 F drain
water from the low-pressure feedwater heater, where n is the last three digits of
your student number. The condenser has 40 ft long 1 inch 18 BWG 70-30 Cu-Ni
tubes. Cooling water enters the tubes at 75 F and 6 ft/s. Determine the number
of tubes in the condenser if the TTD is 7 F.
What happens to the number of tubes [use logic, i.e., you need not calculate] if:
(i) the turbine exit pressure is increased to 1 psia
(ii) the TTD is increased to 8 F.
SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE
Briefly discuss key View Points and associated Technical Strategies of Power
5. (a) (20)
System Master Plan 2016 (PSMP: 2016) adopted by GOB. Also correlate them
with appropriate Universal Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).
Why Sulphur removal is so vital for coal-fired TPP? Summarize the advantages
(b) (10)
of “Wet” Flue-Gas Desulpharization (FGD) Systems over the “Dry FGD System”.
Explain “Mass Defect” and “Binding Energy” in context to nuclear system. Also
6. (a) (15)
correlate them with atomic mass number in suitable sketch showing the regime
of nuclear “Fusion” and “Fission” reactions.
Explicate various control strategies adopted in nuclear power plants for reactor
(15)
output power.
7. (a) For the following nuclear wastes, describe briefly appropriate disposal (15)
technique:
(i) Spent reactor fuel (ii) Ion exchange resin (iii) Protective clothing of reactor
inspector
(b) Explain different “Fuel Enrichment” techniques adopted in Nuclear Power (15)
Industry.
8. (a) Describe key components of hydraulic turbine governing system. (15)
(b) With neat sketch describe fuel supply system in HFO power plant. (15)
Page No. 2
Page No. 3
Page No. 4
Page No. 5
Page No. 6
L-4IT-2/ME Date: 16/03/2019

L-4/T -2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2017-201 8
Full Marks: 2 I0 Time: 3 Hours
SECTION-A

Necessary charts and graphs are provided. Assume reasonable values for missing data, if any.
Symbols and abbreviations have their usual meanings.
I. (a) Explain the terms - load factor, use factor, capacity factor, diversity factor, and reserve
capacity. Also state their effects on the generation cost of electricity. (10)
(b) What is meant by LCGE? Elaborate how it is determined along with its merits and
limitations. (10)
(c) (i) A power plant has an installed capacity of35 MW, reserve over peak 3 MW, hours out
of service per year 410, and a load factor of 0.48. Find the capacity and use factors of the
power plant. (6)

(ii) A 60 MW thermal power plant has an annual load factor of 50%. The maximum
demand on the plant is 50 MW. The loads having maximum demands of 25 MW, 20
MW, 8 MW, and 5 MW are connected to the power station. Determine: average load on
power station, energy generated pcr year, and diversity factor. (9)
2. (a) What are the types of coal analysis? What are the important coal and ash properties
relevant to steam generators? What are their effects on the performance of steam generators? (10)
(b) Using h-s diagrams, describe the effects (both individually and combined) of inlet steam
conditions (temperature and pressure) upon available energy. (10)

(c) Compare the merits and demerits of circulating FBC and PF furnaces. Also discuss their
suitability of use in USC steam generators. (15)
3. (a) What are the functions of a condenser in a steam power plant? Draw the schematic of a
condenser and explain the importance of tube arrangement in the condenser shell as well as
the air suction zone. (10)

(b) Why are FWH used in a TPP? Where on a TPP are LP and HP heaters located? Explain
the factors that need be considered to design an open FWH. (10)

(c) Design a condenser that would handle 2 xl06 tbm/h of 92.6 percent quality steam at J
psia. Consider a two- pass surface condenser with 45 ft long 3/4-in J 8 BWG type 70-30 Cu-
Ni tubes. Cooling water enters the tubes at 70°F and 7.5 [lIs. Use a suitable TTD. What may
happen when the cooling water inlet temperature is changed from 70°F to 60°F? (15)
Contd P/2
=2=
ME 419
4. (a) Discuss, using suitable graphs, the effects of pressure ratio and TIT on the performance of
simple cycle gas turbine power plants. State also the effects of water injection. (10)
(b) Discuss, with appropriate diagrams, pre-and post-combustion carbon capture methods. (10)
(c) Draw the schematic of STAG, CCPP and IGCC and compare their relative advantages
and disadvantages. (15)
SECTION -B
There are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.
5. (a) What is PSMP-2016? Briefly discuss its view points along with respective targets in
context to present power scenario in Bangladesh. (15)
(b) Briefly describe Hydraulic Turbine Digital Speed Governing System. (15)
(c) Write a short note on "Surge Tank" of hydro power station. (5)
6. (a) Write short notes on "Mass defect" and "Binding energy". Also correlate them in context
to nuclear reactions. (10)

(b) What do you understand by "Nuclear Chain Reaction"? Briefly describe the factors that
affect the sustainability of nuclear chain reaction. (10)

(c) Write short notes on: (15)
(i) Moderator (ii) Reactor Cooling (iii) Fast Breeder Reactor
7. (a) With neat sketch, briefly describe the working principle of"CANDU" reactor. (15)
(b) Describe Uranium Enrichment and Fuel Fabrication processes from "Yellow Cake". (10)
(c) Briefly summarize the important features of thermal fission reactor currently undergoing
construction at Rooppur Nuclear Power plant, Bangladesh. (10)
8. (a) Describe the fuel handling system ofHFO based engine power plant. (10)
(b) Briefly describe different types of engine cooling systems employed in engine based
power plants. (10)

(c) Mention important considerations for exhaust system of engine based power plants. (8)
(d) Write a short note on "CHPC". (7)
=3::
..
•
B
A
1
I-
0 7 8
3 4 5 6
Waler inlet veloclly In tubes, n/s
.Table 6-2 Constants in Eq. (6-7)

Tube outer diameter. in 3/4 718 1.0
Cl {V in (tis, U in Bru/(h . ft' .. ~) 270 263 251
'C. (V in mis, U in W/(m'. K») 2777 2705 2582
50 55 60
0.79 0.86 0.92
AlunUnum- Aluminum-
brass, bronze,
Muntz metal 90-10 Cu-Ni
C, 18 &'"&' 0.58 1.00 0.96 0.90

)78'"&' 0.56 0.98 0.94 0.87
16&'"&' 0.54 0.96 0.91 0.&4
C. 0.85 (or clean rubes, less for algae covered or sl~dgcd rubes
•
• .-
• 'Table A~I Saturated steam: pressure table (English uolls).
SpeCific volume, Specific enthalpy. Specific entropy,

ft'lIb", 8tu11b., Btullb., 'F
PYessu~. Tempemture •
• Psia 'F
" '" " ", ",. h,
" 'h '.
0.0886 32.018 0.01602 3302.4 3302.4 0.00 1075:5 1075.5 0 2.1872 2.1872
0.10 35.023 0.01602 2945.5 2945.5 3.03 1073.8 1076.8 0.0061 2.1705 2.1766
0.15 45.453 0.01602 2004.7 2004.7 13.50 1067.9 1081.4 0.0271 2.1140 2.1411
0.20 53.160 0.01603 1526.3 1526,3 21.22 1063:5 1084.7 0.0422 2.0738 2.1160
0.30 64.484 0.01604 1039.7 1039.7 32.54 1057.1 1089.7 0.0641 2.0168 2.0809
0.40 72.869 0.01606 792.0 792.1 40.92 1052.4 1093.3 0.0799 1.9762 2.0562
0.5 79.586 0.01607 641.5 641.5 47.62 1048.6 1096.3 0.0925 1.9446 2.0370
0.6 85.218 0.01609 540.0 540.1 53.25 1045.S 1098.7 0.1028 1.9186 2.02J5
0.7 90.09 0.01610 446.93 466.94 58.10 1042.7 1100.8 0.3 1.8966 2.0083 .
0.8 94.38 -0.01611 411.67 411.69 62.39 1040:3 1102.6 0.1117 1.8775 1.9970
0.9 98.24 0.01612 368.41 368.43 66.24 1038.1 1104.3 0.1264 1.8606 . 1.9870
1.0 101.74 0.01614 . 333.59 333.60 69.73 1036.1 1105.8 0.1326 1.8455 1.9781
2.0 126.07 0.01623 173.74 173.76 94.03 1022.1 1116.2 0.1750 1.7450 . 1.9200
3.0 141.47 0.01630 118.71 118.73 109.42 1013.2 1122.6 0.2009 1.6854 1.8864
4.0 152.96 0.01636 90.63 90.64 120.92 1006.4 1127.3 0.2199 1.6428 1.8626
5.0 162.24 0.01641 73.515 73.53 130.20 1000.9 1131.1 . 0.2349 1.6094 1.844)
6.0 1.7.0.05 0,01645 61.967 61.98 138.03 996.2 1134.2 0.2474 1.5820 1.8294
7.0 176.84 0.01649 53.634 53.65 144.83 992.1 JI36.9 . 0.2581 1.'587 1.8168
8.0 182.86 0.01653 47.328 47.3' 150.87 988.5 1139.3 0.2676 1.5384 1.8060
.9.0 188.27 0.01656 42.385 . 42.40 156.30 985.1 i141.4 0.2760 1.5204 1.7964
10 193.21 0.01659 38.404 38.42 161.26 982.1 1143.3 0.2836 1.5043 . 1.7879
.:14.696 212.00 0.01672'. 26.782' "26.80. "180.17~' 970.3'," 1150.5 . 0.3121. ,'. i
1.4447 .tI:7568
." .' :"15.0~1".. ' '.213~03. ,.'. 2~:;2J9~, ::..
~.O.OJ~726 :.~ '. : i6:f;7n -' ,.~'." :~~.7:f~.' ~i~o:?~~
')81.~1~: '. ~>'.t.41~":'~.ti~~~g~~\1~>~~~7~
"O.;3)3t i
~~•.•.,;;, .•,20.".$.~ .,'.22'.~";H~
- ••••• ".')-lOot: • ';0;:";"-
.• ~~,O~ •.!!.34i..;' 20;.O~~.~~
;' >'i,3:4?;!"- ,isjt",~,w
,"!"l'.'.'f ...
.•.~.~87'~il;.,:,!26-2'.' '_.. -l.l~:3.l..> .':.O.J3S~-.L3~2",
'.4' '1r{;:':1- 4"0-,y; ..1"::-' •. ..,...tlL>et"iSf:clt'Vi '4't~1~~~tk'1.it"''':"g,'.> > :"M"~ " _;'-J.oJ-.
>1"3t~)j;f;('.'~';-
"t!.' 11-. , . < 1:M, .<J.-.
"
It.', -- ":'~,~:6 ':~'~~~;2;"

:.."::'.-
,l-;'- ..::~;.~~~~
..:'~ '-";.i~#~~~~.:~:;'~6i;~;';~":'--;~.?(j>~.t!'~8~>~.~o)~
~:;(j;~?91
' :'. -'~':"i;'~!~'~'{,:,!~~:~~::::J"~;~::"l
I.;;~!.:,!~.~
50.0 281.02 0.Oi7274 .8:4967 '8:~140 '250:2 '923:9. 1J74.1 rO~4112 :'1:2474 ~1:65S6"'; " ....•.•..
60.0 292.71 0.017383 7.1562 7.1736 262.2 915.4 1177.6 ..:'60140
0.4273 1.2167
70.0 302.93 0.017482 6.1875 6.2050 '272.7 907.8 1180.6 0.4411 1.1905 L6316
80:0 312.04 0.017573 '.4536 5.4711 282.1 900.9 1183.1 0.4534 1:1675 "6208
90.0 320.28 . 0.017659 4.8779 4.8953 290.7 894.6 1185.3 0.4643 1.1470 1.6113
100.0 327.82 0.017740 4.4133 4.4310 298.5 888.6 i187.2 0.4743 1.1284 1.6027
110.0 334.79 0.01782 4.0306 4.0484 305.8 883.1 1188.9 0.4834 1.l115 1.59SO
120.0 341.27 0.01789 3.7007 3.7275 312.6 877.8 1190.4 0.49J9 1.0960 1.5879
130.0 347.33 0.01796 3.4364 3.4544 319.0 872:8 1191.7 0.4998 1.081' 1.5813
140.0 .353.04 . 0.01803 3.2010 3.2190 325.0 868.0 !193.0 0.S071 1.0681 1.5752
150.0 j58.43 0.01800 2.9958 3.0139 330.6 863.4 1194.1 0.5141 1.0554 l.S695
160.0 363.55 0.01815 2.8155 2.8336 336.1 859.0 1195.1 0.5206 1.0435 1.5641
'170.0 368.42 0.01821 2.6556 2.6738 . 341.2 854.8 1196.0 0.5269 .1.0322 1.5591
180.0 373.08 0.01827 2.5129 2.5312 346.2 850.7 1196.9 0.5328 1.0215 l.S543
'190.0 377.53 0.01833 2.3847 2.4030 350.9 846.7 1197.6 0.5384 1.0113 1..5498
200:0 381.80 0.01839 2.2689 2.2873 355.5 842.8 1198.3 0.5438 1.0016 1.5454
210.0 385.91 0.01844 2.16373 2.18217 359.9 839.1 1199.0 0.5490 0.9923 1.5413
220.0 389.88 0.0!850 ~.06779 2.08629 364.2 83'.4 1199.6 0.5540 0.9834 1.5374
230.0 393.70 0.01855 1.97991 1:99846 368.3 831.8 1200.1 0.5588 0.9748 1.5336
240.0 397.39 0.01860 1.89909 1.91769 372.3 828.4 1200.6 0:5634 0.9665 1.5299
250.0 400.97 0.01865 1.82452 1.84317 376.1 825.0 1201.1 0.5679 0.9585 1.-5264
260.0 404.44 0.01870 1.75548 1.77418 379.9 821.6 1201.5 0.5722 0.9508 1.5230
270.0' 407.80 0.01875 1.69137 1.71013 383.6 818.3 1201.9 0.5764 0.9433 1.5197
280.0 411.07 0.01880 1.63169 1.65049 387.1 815.1 1202.3 0.5805 0.9361 1.5166
290.0 414.25 0.01885 1.57597 1.59482 390.6 . ~12.0 1202.6 0.5844 0.9291 1.5135
300.0 417.35 0.01889 1.52384 1.54274 394.0 808.9 1202.9 0.5882 0.9223 1.5105
. i50.0 431."3 0.019'2 1.30642 1.32554 409.8 794.2 1204.0 0.6059 0.8909 1.4968
400.0 444.60 0.01934 1.14162 1.16095 424.2 780.4 1204.6 0.6217 0.8630 1.4847
450.0 456.28 0.01954 1.01224 1.03179 437.3 767.5 1204.8 0.6360 0.8378 1.4738
(C'Ollfilllttd)
L-4ff-2/ME Date: 15/07/2017
Sub: ME 403 (power Plant Engineering)

SECTION -A
Symbols have their usual meanings.
1. (a) Discuss the current status of electricity industry in the world. Also discuss the present
position and possible future prospects of electricity industry in Bangladesh. (15)

(b) What is meant by generation mix? Why is it important for power industry? Describe in
detail the potentiality of renewable energies in Bangladesh. (10)

(c) How is the LDC constructed? Explain its uses in detail. (10)
2. (a) A proposed station has the following daily load cycle: (15)
Time of day: 6-8 8-11 11-16 16-19 19-22 22-24 24-6
Load in MW: 20 40 50 35 70 40 20
Draw the load curve and the load duration curve and select suitable generator units from 8,
16, 20 and 24 MW units. Prepare the operation schedule for the machines selected and
determine the load factor from the curve.
(b) What is the rank of coal? How are coals ranked? Explain the main commercial
characteristics of coals. (10)
(c) Discuss the various ways of feeding coal to the furnaces in a thermal power plant. (10)
3. (a) Describe coal burning technologies with their relative merits and demerits. (15)
(b) What is a thermal power plant? Discuss its advantages and disadvantages over other types
of power plants. Also state the types offuel used in TPP. (10)
(c) What is meant by boiler slagging and fouling? Why and how are they caused? Explain
briefly the ways to prevent boiler slagging and fouling. (l0)
4. (a) What are the functions of condensers in thermal power plants? Briefly explain the various
parameters to be considered for designing a condenser. (15)
(b) Draw and label a high-pressure closed feedwater heater and explain its working principle. (10)
,
(c) List and explain the emission control'technologies used in modem coal thermal power
plants. (10)
Contd P/2
. '
=2=
ME 403
SECTION-B
5. (a) Make brief comparisons between

(i) U - 235 and U - 238.
(ii) gas-turbine and steam turbine. (10)

(b) With schematic diagrams, briefly explain the working principle and characteristics of
BWR nuclear reactors. (15)

(c) Write short notes on
(i) PWR reactor
(ii) Generation IV nuclear reactors. (10)
6. (a) Briefly explain the effects of intercooling in a gas turbine unit. (10)
(b) Briefly present the key factors affecting the gas turbine performance. (15)
(c) Draw a schematic diagram of a practical ICRHR cycle and present a typical performance
map. (10)
7. (a) Explain the effects of ambient parameters on the performance of combined-cycle power
plants. (10)
(b) With schematic diagrams, explain CC Technology and the integration ofGT and ASU. (15)
(c) Explain the methods to reduce C02 from GT units. (10)
8. (a) Briefly explain 'captive power plant technologies' widely used in Bangladesh. (10)
(b) With neat sketches, explain the working principle and characteristics of hydro-electric
power plants. (15)
(c) Explain environmental and social impacts of hydro electric power plants. (10)
'f .•
L-4/T-2/ME Date: 14101/2017

Sub : ME 403 (Power Plant Engineering)

USE SEP ARA TE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
SECTION-A
Assume reasonable values for missing data, if any. Symbols have their usual meanings.
Necessary Charts and Tables are supplied.
1. (a) Discuss the salient features of PSMP 2010 and different scenanos relating to
electricity production up to 2030. (15)
(b) A power station has a maximum demand of 10 MW and the daily load on the station
is as follows: (20)
Time MW Time MW
6am-8am 3.5 5pm-7pm 8.5
8 am-12 noon 8.0 7pm-9pm 10.0
12 noon-1 pm 3.0 9pm-11 pm 4.5
1 pm- 5 pm 7.5 11 pm-6 am 2.0
(i) Draw the load curve and the load duration curve.
(ii) Choose the suitable size and number of generating units.
(iii) Draw up the operating schedule of the units.
(iv) What reserve capacity would be necessary?
(v) Calculate the load factor, plant cap'1.cityfactor and plant use factor ofthe power station.
2. (a) A steam power plant has the steam parameter of260 bar/600°C/600°C - what is meant by
this? Show the cycle on a T-s plane and discuss its features, merits and demerits. (15)
(b) What is a PFBC CCPP? Explain its operation with a schematic. (10)
(c) Define the terms: pinch point and approach. Draw the schematic of a typical-pressure
) CCPP and briefly explain its operation with a temperature-energy transfer diagram. (10)
3. Analyse and select a closed feedwater heater for the third stage of a regenerative steam-
turbine cycle in which the feedwater flow rate is 37,640 lb/h. The desired temperature
rise of the water during flow through the heater is 80°F (from 238 to 318°F), bleed
2
heating steam is at 100 Ib/in (abs) and 460°F, drains leave the heater at the saturation
temperature corresponding to the heating steam pressure and 5/8-in OD admiralty metal
tubes with a maximum length of 6 ft are used. Use the standards of the Bleeder Heater
Manufacturers Association, Inc., when analyzing the heater. (35)
Contd PI2
=2=
ME 403
4. (a) List the emerging technologies for future power generation. Explain, with a
schematic, the operation of an MHD generator along with a steam bottoming cycle. (15)
(b) What are the functions of a condenser in steam power plant? List and compare
different types of condensers. (10)

(c) Compare steam/thennal power plants, nuclear power plants, and GT-ST combined
cycle power plants considering such aspects as initial and running costs, overall
efficiency, cost of fuel and emissions, maintenance cost, and ease of starting. (10)
SECTION -B
5. (a) With neat sketches, introduce IGCC technology. (15)

(b) With neat sketches, present 3 basic gasifier designs for coal based IGCC. (10)
(c) Briefly explain 'Carbon Capture' and storage methods. (10)
6. (a) Classify nuclear reactors. Briefly explain the working principle and key components
of a PWR based nuclear power plant. (15)

(b) Mention some of the key characteristics of generation IV nuclear reactors. (10)
(c) Make brief comparison between: (10)
(i) Nuclear fission and fusion
(ii) U-235 and U-238
7. (a) Briefly explain a simple GT with intercooler, reheater and regenerator. Draw
schematic diagram of such system and corresponding T-s diagram. Explain the effects of
inter cooling, reheating and regeneration on GT efficiency. (15)

(b) Explain GT blade cooling methods. (10)
(c) Explain GT starting sequences. (10)
8. (a) With neat sketches, briefly explain a basic hydroelectric power plant. (15)
(b) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of hydroelectric power plants. (10)
(c) Briefly explain the governing of hydroelectric power plants. (10)
,/
ME ~O3
-----. _ .. __ .
'-4--
-
Table A.I Saturated steam: pressure table (English units)* (Continued)

Specific volume, Specific enthalpy, Specific entropy,
ft'/Ibm Btu/Ibm Btu/lbmoF
Pressure, Temperature.
psia 'F \:r vg hf hfg hg sf Sfg Sg
"lB
1750.0 617.12 0.02450 0.20263 0.22713 642.5 513.1 1155.6 0.8363 04765 1.3128
1800.0 621.02 0.02472 0.19390 0.21861 648.5 503.8 1152.3 .0.8417 04662 1.3079
1850.0 624.83 0.02495 0.18558 .0.21052 654.5 494.6 1149..0 0.847.0 .0.4561 1.3030
1900.0 628.56 0.02517 0.17761 0.20278 6604 485.2 1145.6 0.8522 0.4459 1.2981
i950.0 632.22 0.02541 0.16999 0.19540 666.3 475.8 .. 1142.0 0.8574 0.4358 1.2931
2000.0 635.80 0.02565 0.16266 0.18831 672.1 466.2 1138.3 0.8625 04256 1:2881
2100 ..0 642.76 0 ..02615 .0.14885 0.17501 683.8 446.7 1130.5 0.8727 0.4053 1.2780
2200.0 649.45 0.02669 0.13603 0.16272 695.5 426.7 1122.2 .0.8828 .0.3848 1.2676
2300 ..0 655.89 .0..02727 .0.12406 .0.15133 7.07.2 406 ..0 Ii 13.2 0.8929 .0.364.0 1.2569
2400.0 662.11 0.0279.0 0.11287 0.14.076 719 ..0 384.8 1103.7 0.903.1 .0.343.0 1.2460
2500 ..0 668.11 0 ..02859 .0.10209 .0.13068 731.7 361.6 1093.3 .0.9139 .0.32.06 1.2345
2600 ..0 673.91' 0:.02938 .0.09172 .0.1211.0 744.5 337.6 1082.0 .0.9247 .0.2977 1.2225
2700.0 679.53 .0.03029 0.08165 .0.11194 757.3 312.3 1069.7 .09356 .0.2741 1.2.097
2800.0 684.96 0.03134 0.07171 0.10305 770.7 285.1 1055.8 0.9468 0.2491 I. 1958
2900.0 690.22 0.03262 0.06158 0.09420 785.1 254.7 1039.8 0.9588 0.2215 1.1803
3000.0 695.33 0.03428 .0.05.073 0..08500 801.8 218.4 1.020.3 0.9728 0.1891 1.1619
3100.0 700.28 0.03681 0.03771 0.07452 824.0 169.3 993.3 0.9914 0.1460 1.1373
3200.0 705.08 0.04472 0.01191 0.05663 875.5 56.1 931.6 1.0351 0.0482 I.08~2
3208.2t 705.47 0.05078 0.00000 0.05078 906.0 0.0 906.0 1.0612 0.0000 1.06'12
• Tables A.I through A.5 are abstracted from the ASME Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Steam, Ref. 6.
t Critical point.
-- --_._.
Table A.2 Saturated stream: temperature table (English units)

Specific volume,- ft'/Ibm Specific enthalpy. Btu/Ibm Specific entropy. Btu/(lbmWF)
Temperature, Pressure,
OF psia vf Vfg vg hf hfg hg Sf Sfg Sg
32.018 0.08865 0.016022 3302.4 3302.4 0.0003 1075.5 1075.5 0.0000 2.1872 2.1872
33.0 0.09223 0.016021 .3180.7 3180.7 0.989 1074.9 1075.9 0.0020 2.1817 2.1837
34.0 0.09600 0.016021 3061.9 3061.9 1.996 1074.4 1076.4 0.0041 2.1762 2.1802
35.0 0.09991 0.016020 2948.1 2948.1 3.002 1073.8 1076.8 0.0061 2.1706 2.1767
36.0 0.10395 0.016020 2839.0 2839.0 4.008 1073.2 1077.2 0.0081 2.1651 2.1732
37.0 0.10815 0.016019 2734.4 27344 5.013 1072.7 1077.7 0.0101 2.1596 2.1697
38.0 0.11249 0.016019 2634.1 2634.2 6.018 1072.1 1078.1 0.0122 2.1541 2.1663
39.0 0.11698 0.016019 2538.0 2538.0 7.023 1071.5 1078.5 0.0142 2.1487 2.1629
40.0 0.12163 0.016019 2445.8 2445.8 8.027 1071.0 1079.0 0.0162 2.1432 2.1594
41.0 0.12645 0.016019 2357.3 2357.3 9.031 1070.4 1079.4 0 ..0182 2.1325 2.1560
42.0 0.13143 0.016019 2272.4 2272.4 10.035 1069.8 1079.9 0.0202 2.1271 2.1527
43.0 0.13659 0.016019 2191.0 2191.0 11.038 1069.3 1080.3 0.0222 2.1217 2.1493
44.0 0./4192 0.016019 2112.8 2\12.8 12.041 1068.7 1080.7 0.0242 2.1164 2.1459
45.0 0.14744 0.016020 2037.7 2037.8 13.044 1068.1 1081.2 0 ..0262 2.1111 2.1426
46.0 .0.15314 0.01602.0 1965.7 1965.7 14.047 1067.6 1081.6 .0.0282 2.1058 2.1493
47.0 0.15904 .0.016021 1896.5 1896.5 15.049 1067.0 1.082.1 0.03.01 2.1006 2.1460
48.0 0.16514 0.016021 18:3.0.0 1830.0 16.051 1066.4 1082.5 .0.0321 2.1006 2.1327
49.0 0.17144 0 ..016022 1766.2 1766.2 17.053 1065.9 1082.9 .0..0341 2.0953 2.1294
5.0.0 0.17796 0.016023 1704.8 1704.8 18.054 1065.3 10834 0.0361 2.0901 2.1262
51.0 0.18469 0.016023 1646.9 1645.9 19.056 1064.7 1083.8 0 ..0380 2..0849 2.1230
52.0 .0.19165 0 ..016024 1589.2 1589.2 20.057 1064.2 1084.2 0.0400 2.0798 2.\197
53.0 0.19883 0.016025 1534.7 1534.8 21.058 1063.6 1084.7 0.041.9 2.0746 2.1165
54..0 0.20625 .0.016026 1482.4 1482.4 22.058 1063.i 1085.1 0.0439 2.0695 2.1134
55.0 .0.21392 0 ..016027 1432.0 1432.0 23.059 1062.5 1085.6 0.0458 2.0644 2.1102
56.0 0.22183 0 ..016028 1383.6 1383.6 24..059 1061.9 1086.0 .0.0478 2 ..0593 2.1070
57.0 .0.23000 0.016029 1337..0 .1337..0 25.060 1061.4 1086.4 0.0497 2.0542 2.1039
~8 .0 O.2J84J .0.016031 1292.2 1292.2 26..060 1060.8 1.0869 0.0516 2.(~9J 2.1008
0 ..016032 1249.1 1249.1 27.060 1060.2 1087.3 0.0536 2.0441 2.0977

59.0 0.24713
0.25611 0.016033 1207.6 1207.6 28.060 1059.7 1.087.7 0.0555 2.0391 2.0946
60.0
0.26538 0.016035 1167.6 1167.6 29.059 1059.1 1088.2 0.0574 2..0341 2.0915
61..0
0.i7494 .0.016036 1129.2 1129.2 30.059 1058.5 1088.6 .0..0593 2..0291 2.0885
62.0
.0.28480 .0.016038 1092.1 1092.1 31..058 1058.0 1.089.0 0.0613 2 ..0242 2.0854
63.0
0.29497 0.016039 1.056.5 1056.5 32.058 1057.4 1089.5 .0.0632 2.0192 2..0824
64.0
.0.30545 .0:.016041 1022.1 1022.1 33..057 1056.9 1089.9 .0.0651 2 ..0143 2..0794
65.0
0.31626 0 ..016043 989.0 989.1 34.056 1056.3 1090.4 0.0670 2.0094 2.0764
66 ..0
.0.32740 0 ..016044 957.2 957.2 35.055 1055.7 1090.8 0.0689 2.0045 2 ..0734
67.0
0.33889 0.016046 926.5 926.5 36..054 1055.2 1091.2 .0.0708 1.9996 2.0704
61"0
69.0 0.35073 0.016048 896.9 896.9 37.053 1054.6 1091.7 .0..0727 1.9948 2.0675
70.0 0.36292 0.01605.0 868.3 868.4 38.052 1054.0 1092.1 0 ..0745 1.9900 2.0645
71..0 0.37549 . 0.016052 840.8 840.9 39.050 1053.5 1092.5 .0..0764 1.9852 2.0616
.0.38844 0.016054 814.3 814.3 40.049 1052.9 1093.0 .0..0783 . 1.9804 2.0587
72..0
0.40177 0 ..016056 788.8 788.8 41.048 1052.4 1093.4 0.08.02 1.9756 2..0558
73..0
74..0 0.41550 0.016058 764.1 764.1 42.046 1051.8 1093.8 0 ..0821 1.9708 2.0529
0.42964 0.016060 740.3 740.3 . 43.045 1051.2 1094.3 0.0839 1.9961 2..0500
75..0
.0.016063 717.4 717.4 44.043 1050.7 1094.7 0.0858 1.9614 . 2.0472
76.0 0.44420
0.45919 0.016065 695.2 695.2 45.042 1050.1 1095.1 0.0877 1.9567 2.0443
77.0
78.0 0.47461 0.016067 673.8 673.9 46.040 1049.5 1095.6 0.0895 1.9520 2.0415
0.49049 0.016070 653.2 653.2 47.038 1049.0 1096.0 0.0914 1.9473 2.0387
79.0
.0.50683 0.016072 633.3 633.3 48.037 1048.4 1096.4 .0.0932 1.9426 2.0j59
80..0
81..0 0.52364 0.016074 614.1 614.1 49.035 1047.8 1096.9 0.0951 1.938.0 2..0331
82..0 0.54093 0.016077 595.5 595.6 50.033 1047.3 1097.3 .0.0969 1.9334 2.0303
83 ..0 0.55872 0.016079 577.6 577.6 51.031 1046.7 1097.7 .0.0988 1.9288 2.0275
0.57702 0.016082 560.3 560.3 52.029 1046.1 1098.2 0.1006 1.9242 2.0248
84.0
85..0 0.59583 0 ..016085 543.6 543.6 53.027 1045.6 1098.6 .0.1024 1.9196 2.0221
86.0 0.61518 0.016087 527.5 527.5 • 54.026 1045.0 1099 ..0 0.1043 1.9151 2.0193
87.0 0.63507 .0.016090 511.9 511.9 55.024 1044.4 1099.5 0.1061 1.9105 2.0166
88..0 0.65551 0.016093 496.8 496.8 56..022 1043.9 1099.9 .0.1079 1.9060 2..0139
89.0 0.67653 0 ..016096 482.2 482.2 57..02.0 1043.3 1100.3 .0.1097 1.9015 2.0112
90:0 0.69813 0.016099 468.1 468.1 58.018 1042.7 1100.8 0.1115 1.897.0 2.0086
91.0 0.72032 0.016102 454.5 454.5 59 ..016 1042.2 11.01.2 0.1134 1.8926 2.0059
(continued)
----_._--- -"--- --
~/'.~E~03 - ~=
" ..... ~
,
Table A-2 Saturated stream: temperature table (English units) (Continued)
i'
Specific volume, ft'/Ib •• Specific enthalpy, BlU/1b•• Specific entropy, BlU/(lb••)(°F)
Temperature, Pressure,
"F' psia VI VI. v. hI lit. h. sl sl. s.
92.0 0.74313 0.016105 441.3 441J 60.014 1041.6 1101.6 0.1152 1.8881 2.0033
93.0 0.76655 0.016108 428.6 428.6 61.012 1041.0 1102.1 0.1170 1.8837 2.0006
94.0 0.79062 0.016111 416.3 416.3 62.010 1040.5 1102.5 0,1188 1.8792 1.9980
95.0 0.81534 0.016114 404.4 404.4 63.008 1039.9 1102.9 0.1206 1.8748 1.9954
96.0 0.84072 0.016117 392.8 392.9 64.006 1039.3 1103.3 0.1224 1.8704 1.9928
97.0 0.86679 0.16120 381. 7 381.7 65.005 1038.8 1103.8 0.2342 1.8660 1.9902
98.0 0.89356 0.16123 370.9 370.9 66.003 1038.2 1104.2 0.1260 1.8617 1.9876
99.0 0.92103 0.16127 360.5 360.6 67.001 1037.6 1104.6 0.1278 1.8573 1.9851
100.0 0.94924 0.16130 350.4 360.4 67.999 1037.1 1105.1 0.1295 1.8530 1.9825
101.0 0.97818 0.16133 340.6 340.6 68.997 1036.5 1105.5 0.1313 1.8487 1.9800
102.0 1.00789 0.16137 331.1 331.1 69.995 . 1035.9 1105.9 0.1331 1.8444 1.9775
103.0 1.03838 0.016140 322.0 322.0 70.993 1035.4 1106.3 0.1349 1.8401 1.9750
104.0 1.06965 0.016144 313.1 313.1 71.992 1034.8 1106.8 0.1366 1.8358 1.9725
105.0 1.10174 0.016148 304.5 304.5 72.990 1034.2 1107.2 0.1384 1.8315 1.9700
110.0 1.2750 0.016165 265.37 265.39 77.98 1031.4 1109.3 0.1472 1.8105 1.9577
120.0 1.6927 0.016204 203.25 203.26 87.97 1025.6 1113.6 0.1646 1.7693 1.9339
130.0 2.2230 0.016247 157.32 157.33 97.96 1019.8 1117.8 0.1817 1.7295 1.9112
140.0 2.8892 0.016293 122.98 123.00 107.95 1014.0 1122,0 0.1985 1.6910 1.8895
150.0 3.7184 0.016343 97.05 97.07 117.95 1008.2 1126.1 0.2150 1.6536 1.8686
160.0 4.7414 0.016395 77.27 77.29 127.96 1002.2 1130.2 0.2313 1.6174 1.8487
170.0 5.9926 0.016451 62.04 62.06 137.97 995.2 1134.2 0.2473 1.5822 1.8295
180.0 7.5110 0.016510 50.21 50.22 148.00 990.2 1138.2 0.2631 1.5480 1.8111
190.0 9.340 0.016572 40.941 40.957 158.04 984.1 1142.1 0.2787 1.5148 1.7934
200.0 11.526 0.016637 33.622 33.639 168.09 977.9 1146.0 0.2940 1.4824 1.7764
220.0 17.186 0.016775 23.131 23.148 188.23 965.2 1153.4 0.3241 1.4201 1.7442
240.0 ~4.9I)R 0,016926 16.304 16.321 208.45 952.1 1160,6 0.3533 1.360'1 1 7142
2((\ Q ,l-; .Ci o ()l70S~ I J .7~5 ! t 7(,1 ~2g 7;; 9,~6. n5i .4 (l}g19 ~.~)..n ! .n~1~2
8.644 249:17 924.6 1173.8 0.4098 1.2501 1.6599

280.0 49.200 0.017264 8.627
6.4483 6.4658 269.7 910.0 . 1179.7 0.4372 1.1979 1.6351
300.0 67.005 0.01745
4.8961 4.9138 290.4 894.8 1185.2 0.4640 1.1477 1.6116
320.0 89.643 0.01766
3.7699 3.7878 311.3 878.8 1190.1 0.4902 1.0990 1.5892
340.0 117.992 0.01787
2.9573 332.3 862.1 1194.4 0.5161 1.0517 1.5678
360.0 153.010 0.01811 2.9392
2.3170 2.3353 353.6 844.5 1198.0 0.5416 1.0057 1.5473
380.0 195.729 0.01836
1.8444 1.8630 375.1 825.9 1201.0 0.5667 0.9607 1.5274
400.0 247.259 0.01864
1.4808 1.4997 396.9 806.2 1203.1 0.5915 0.9165 1.5080
420.0 308.780 0.01894
1.19761 1.21687 419.0 785.4 1204.4 0.6161 0.8729 1.4890
440.0 381.54 0.01926
0.97463 0.99424 441.5 763.2 1204.8 0.6405 0.8299 1.4704
460.0 466.87 0.01961
0.79716 0.81717 464.5 739.6 1204.1 0.6648 0.7871 1.4518
480.0 566.15 0.02000
0.65448 0.67492 487.9 714.3 1202.2 0.6890 0.7443 1.4333
500.0 680.86 0.02043
0.53864 0.55956 512.0 687.0 1199.0 0.7133 0.7013 1.4146
520.0 812.53 0.02091
0.44367 0.46513 536.8 657.5 1194.3 0.7378 0.6577 1.3954
540.0 962.79 0.02146
0.36507 0.38714 562.4 625.3 1187.7 0.7625 0.6132 1.3757
560.0 1133.38 0.02207
0.29937 0.32216 589.1 589.9 1179.0 0.7876 0.5673 1.3550
580.0 1326.17 0.02279
0.24384 0.26747 617.1 550.6 1167.7 0.8134 0.5196 1.3330
600.0 1543.2 0.02364
0.19615 0.22081 646.9 506.3. 1153.2 0.8403 0.4689 1.3092
620.0 1786.9 0.02466
454.6 1133.7 0.8686 0.4134 1.2821
2059.9 0.02595 0.15427 0:18021 679.1
640.0 1107.0 0.8995 0.3502 1.2498
0.02768 0.11663 0.14431 714.9 392.1
660.0 2365.7 0.9365 0.2720 1.2086
0.03037 0.08080 0.11117 758.5 310.1 . 1068.5
6eo.0 2708.6 0.1490 1.1390
0.07519 822.4 172.7 995.2 0.9901
700.0 3094.3 0.03662 0.03857
l"MF'~o3 :=6 =
,,,'oie A.3 Piropertites ohuperheated steam, compressed water, and supercritical steam (English units).
,---------
AbsoIlJ,te
pressure,
psia Temperature, Of
(saturated
temperature) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500
v 0.0161 392.5 452.3 511.9571.5 631.1 690.7

./
I h 68.00 1150.2 1195.7 124J.8 1288.6 1336.1 1384.5
(101.74) s 0.1295 2.0509 2.1152 2.1722 2.2237 2.2708 2.3144
v 0.0161 78.14 90.24 102.24 114.21 126.15 138.08 150.01 161.94 173.86 185.78 197.70 209.62 221.53 233.45
5 h 68.01 1148.6 1194.8 1241.3 1288.2 1335.9 1384.3 1433.6 1483.7 1534.7 1586.7 1639.6 1693.3 1748.0 1803.5
(162.24) s 0.1295' (8716 1.9369 1.9943 2:0460 2.0932 2.1369 2.1776 2.2159 2.2521 2.2866 2.3194 2.3509 2.3811 2.4101
v 0,0161 38.84 44.98 51.03 57.04 63.03 69.00 74.98 80.94 86.91 92.87 98.84 104.80 110.76 116.72
10 h 68.02 1146.6 1193.7 124().6 1287.8 1335.5 1384.0 .1433.4 1483.5 1534.6 1586.6 1639.5 1693.3 1747.9 1803.4
(193.21) s 0.1295 1.7928 1.8593 1.9173 1.9692 2.0166 2.0603 2.1011 2.1394 2.1757 2.2101 2.2430 2.2744 2.3046 2.3337
v 0.0161 0.0166 29.899 33.963 37.985 41.986 45.978. 49.964 53.946 57.926 61.905 65.882 69.858 73.833 77.807
15 h 68.04 168.09 1192.5 1239.9 1287.3 1335.2 1383.8 1433.2 1483.4 1534.5 1586.5 1639.4 1693.2 1747.8 1803.4
(213.03) s 0.1295 0.2940 J.8134 1.8720 1.9242 1.9717 2.0155 2.0563 2.0946 2.1309 2.1653 2.1982 2.2297 2.2599 2.2890
v 0.0161 0.0166 22.356 25.428 28.457 31.466 34.465 37.458 40.447 43.435 46.420 49.405 52.388 55.370 58.352
20 h 68.05 168.11 119J.4 1239.2 1286.9 1334.9 1383.5 1432.9 1483.2 1534.3 1586.3 1639.3 1693.1 1747.8 1803.3
(227.96) s 0.1295 0.2940 1.7805 1.8397 1.8921 1.9397 1.9836 2.0244 2.0628 2.0991 2.1336 2.1665 2.1979 2.2282 2.2572
v 0.0161 0.0166 11.036 12.624 14.165 15.685 17.195 18.699 20.199 21.697 23.194 24.689 26.183 27.676 29.168
40 h 68.10 168.15 1186.6 1236.4 1285.0 1333.6 1382.5 1432.1 1482.5 1533.7 15085.8 1638.8. 1992.7 1747.5 1803.0
(267.25) s 0.1295 0.2940 1.6992 1.7608 1.8143 1.8624 1.9065 1.9476 1.9860 2.0224 2.0569 2.0899 2.1224 2.1516 2.1807
v 0.0161 0.0166 7.257 8.354 9.400 10.425 11.438 12.446 13.450 14.452 15.452 16.450 17.448 18.445 19.441
60 h 68.15 168.20 118J.6 1233.5 1283.2 1332.3 1381.5 1431.3 1481.8 1533.2 1585.3 . 1638.4 1692.4 1747.1 1802.8
(292.71) s 0.1295 0.2939 1.6492 1.7134 1.7681 1.8168 1.8612 1.9024 1.9410 1.9774 2.0120 2.0450 2.0765 2.1068 2.1359
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0175 6.218 7.018 7.794 8.560 9.319 10.075 10.829 11.581. 12.331 13.081 13.829 14.577
80 h 68.21 168.24 269.74' 1230.5 1281.3 1330.9 1380.5 1430.5 1481.1 1532.6 1584.9 1638.0 1692.0 1746.8 1802:5
(312.04) s 0.1295 0.2939 0.4371 1.6790 1.7349 1.7842 1.8289 1.8702 1.9089 1.9454 1.9800 2.0131 2.0446 2.0750 2.1041
001/\1 11.0166 (l .}17~ 4.935 5588 6.216 6833 7443 8.050 8655 9258 9.860 10.460 11.060 11659
j':;:9 ~ l~~il J t?il):' 2
:', :'. ~:' ::- '~.>::'=
","'II",,,.,""'~'.""""'«"'" :(:.'ff.';," ';-!7~::;':;.~"';"~'~'i'i,!,,-";~~;_~";i,-( n~~~;,:"~{:~.~;4,,:~:t;~:'-~,''':'~;~''~'N~'#;(t~~.

•...~'(';'l<.:-:!;;~~_.i-.~~~;t~. ~•. ..~,*i.,i.-~••-::'~?~:'1;.."~'
~:;"".':.~'i'~:":~t~~~:~~:>'~~f-:,~,~.\~'~~-t~':"":':';(:.~;~tf;~,~~:.:'''W;oi~~~~'~.~~'':~~''~,i'~
•.••.•..
~,~-~~, ~:,:::-::~'?~~~~
0.0161 (Hll66 O.Oi7S: '''.0186 4.6341"-5,16375'.6831 '6.1928 6.7006 7.2060 "7.7096 8.2n9 8.7130 9.2134 9.7130
120 h 68.31 168.33 269.81 1224.1 1277.4 1328.1 1378.4 1428.8 1479.8 1531.4 1583.9 1637.1 1691.3 1746.2 1802.0
(341.27) s 0.1295 0.2939 0.4371 1.6286 1:6872 1.7376 1.7829 1.8246 1.8635 1.9001 1.9349 1.9680 1.9996 2.0300 2.0592
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0175 3.4661 3.9526 4.4119 4.8585 5.2995 5.7364 6.1709 6.6036 7.0349 7.4652 7.8946 8.3233
140 h 68.37 168.38 269.85 1220.8 1275.3 1326.8 1377.4 1428.0 1479.1 1530.8 1583.4 1636.7 1690.9 1745.9 1801.7
(353.04) s 0 1295 0.2939 0.4370 1.6085 1.6686 1.7196 1.7652 1.8071 1.8461 1.8828 1.9176 1.9508 1.9825 2.0129 2.0421
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0175 3.0060 3.4413 3.8480 4.2420 4.6295 5.0132 5.3945 5.7741 6.1522 6.5293 6.9055 7.2811
160 h 68.42 168.42 269.89 1217:4 1273.3 1325.4 1376.4 1427.2 1478.4 1530.3 1582.9 1636.3 1690.5 1745.6 1801.4
(363.55) s 0.1294 0.2938 0.4370 1.5906 1.6522 1.7039 1.7499 1.7919 1.8310 1.8678 1.9027 1.9359 1.9676 1.9980.2.0273
0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 26474 3.0433 3.4093 3.7621 4.1084 4.4505 4.7907 5.1289 5.4657 5.8014 6.1363 6.4704
180 h 68.47 168.47 269.92 1213.8 1271.2 1324.0 1375.3 1426.3 1477.7 1529.7 1582.4 1635.9 1690.2 1745.3 1801.2
(373.08) s 0.1294 0.2938 0.4370 1.5743 1.6376 1.6900 1.7362 1.7784 1.8176 1.8545 1.8894 1.9227 1.9545 1.9849 2.0142
v 0.0161 0.0166 '0.0174 2.3598 2.7247 3.0583 3.3783 3.6915 4.0008 4.3077 4.6128 4.9165 5.2191 5.5209 5.8219
200 h 68.52 168.51 269.96 1210.1 1269.0 1322.6 1374.3 1425.5 1477.0 1529.1 1581.9 1635.4 1689.8 1745.0 1800.9
(381.80) s 0.1294 0.2938 0.4369 1.5593 1.6242 1.6776 1.7239 1.7663 1.8057 1.8426 1.8776 1.9109 1.9427 1.9732 2.0025
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0186 2.1504 2.4662 2.6872 2.9410 3.1909 3.4382 3.6837 3.9278 4.1709 4.4131 4.6546
250 h 68.66 168.63 270.05 375.10 1263.5 1319'.0 1371.6 1423.4' 1475.3 1527.6 1580.6 1634.4 1688.9 1744.2 1800.2
(400.97) s 0.1294 0.2937 0.4368 0.5667 1.5951 1.6502 1.6976 1.7405 1.7801 1.8173 1.8524 1.8858 1.9177 1.9482 1.9776
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0186 1.7665 2.0044 2.2263 2.4407 2.6509 2.8585 3.0643 3.2688 3.4721 3.6746 3.8764
300 h 68.79 168.74 270.14 375.15 1257.7 1315.2 1368.91421.3 1473.6 1526.2 1579.4 1633.3 1688.0 1743.4 1799.6
(417.35) s 0.1294 0.2937 0.4307 0.5665 1.5703 1.6274 1.6758 1.7192 1.7591 1.7964 1.8317 1.8652 1.8972 1.9278 1.9572
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0186 0.4913 1.7028 1.8970 2.0832 2.2652 2.4445 2.6219 2.7980 2.9730 3.1471 3.3205
350 h 68.92 168.85 270.24 375.21 1251.5 1311.4 1366.2 1419.2 1471.8 1524.7 1578.2 1632.3 1687.1 1742.6 1798.9
1.431.73) s 0.1293 0.2936 0.4367 0.5664 1.5483 1.6077 1.6571 1.7009 1.7411 1.7787 1.8141 1.8477 1.8798 1.9105 1.9400
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0162 1.2841 1.4763 1.6499 1.8151 1.9759 2.1339 2.2901 2.4450 2.5987 2.7515 2.9037
400 h 69.05 168.97 210.33 375.27 1245.1 1307.4. 1363.4 1417.0 1470.1 1523.3 1576.9 1631.2 1686..2 1741.9 1798.2
(444.60) s 0.1293 0.2935 0.4366 0.5663 1.5282 1.5901 1.6406 1.6850 1.7255 1.7632 1.7988 1.8325 1.8647 1.8955 1.9250
0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0186 0.9919 1.1584 1.3037 1.4397 1.5708 1.6992 1.8256 1.9507 2.0746 2.1977 2.3200
500 h 69.32 169.19 270.51 375.38 1231.2 1299.1 1357.7 1412.7 1466.6 1520.3 1574.4 1629.1 1684.4 1740.3 1796.9
(467.01) s 0.1292 0.2934 0.4364 0.5660 1.4921 1.5595 1.6123 1.6578 1.6990 1.7371 1.7730 1.8069 1.8393 1.8702 1.8998
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0186 0.7944 0.9456 1.0726 1.1892 1.3008 1.4093 1.5160 1.6211 1.7252 1.8284 1.9309
600 h 69.58 169.42 270.70 375.49 1215.9 1290.3 1351.8 1408.3 1463.0 1517.4 1571.9 1627.0 1682.6 1738.8 1795.6
(486.20) s 0.1292 0.2933 0.4362 0.5657 1.4590 1.5329 1.5844 1.6351 1.6769 1.7155 1.7517 1.7859 1.8184 1.8494 1.8792
(continu~d)
\"\\7 -403 -=7=
Ja.~Be A-3 Properties of s~.perbe3lted steam, c(.mllpressedw~tcr., .and supercritical steam (English units)* (Conti~ued)
. .. ,
Absolute
pressure,
psia Temperature, Of
I
, (saturated
600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500
,,- " temperature) 100 200 300 400 500
I
,/ 0.0204 0.7928 0.9072 1.01ll2 1.1078 1.2023 1.2948 1.3858 1.4757 1.5647 1.6530
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0186
1281.0 1345.6 1403.7 1459.4 1514.4 1569.4 1624.8 1680.7 1737.2 1794.3
700 h 69.84 169.65 270.89 375.61 487.93
1.5673 1.6154 1.6580 . 1.6970 1.7335 1.7679 1.8006 1.8318 1.8617
(503.08) s 0.129.J 0.2932 0.4360 0.5655 0.6889 1.5090
0.6774 0.7828 0.8759 0.9631 1.0470 1.1289 1.2093 J .2885 1.3669 1.4446
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0186 0.0204
1271.1 1339.2 1399.1 1455.8 1511.4 1566.9 1622.7 1678.9 1735.0 1792.9
800 h 70.ll 169.88 271.07 375.73 487.88
1.4869 1.5484 1.5980 1.6413 1.6807 1.7175 1.7522 1.7851 1.8164 1.8464
(518.21) s 0.1290 0.2930 0.4358 0.5652 0.6885
0.0204 0.5869 0.6858 0.7713 0.8504 0.9262 0.9998 1.0720 1.1430 1.2131 1.2825
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0186
487.83 1260.6 1332:7 1394.4 1452.2 1508.5 1564.4 1620.6 1677.1 1734.1 1791.6
900 h 70.37 170.10 271.26 375.84
0.6881 J .4659 1.5311 1.5822 1.6263 1.6662 1.7033 1.7382 1.7713 1.8028 1.8329
(531.95) s 0.1290 0.2929 0.4357 0.5649
0.0204 0.5137 0.6080 0.6875 0.7603 0.8295 0.8966 0.9622 1.0266 1.0901 1.1529
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174 0.0186
487.79 1249.3 1325.9 1389.6 1448.5 1504.4 1561.9 1618.4 1675.3 1732.5 1790.3
1000 h 70.63 170.33 271.« 375.96
0.5647 0.6876 1.4457 1.5149 1.5677 1.6126 1.6530 1.6905 1.7256 1.7589 1.7905 1.8207
(544.58) s 0.;289 0.2928 0.4355
0.0203 0.4531 0.5440 0.61RR 0.6865 0.7505 0.8121 0.8723 0.9313 0.9894 1.0468
v 0.016, 0.0166 0.0174 0.0185
487.75 1237.3 1318.8 1384.7 1,1447 1502.4 1559.4 1616.3 1673.5 1731.0 1789.0
ilOO h 70.90 170.56 271.63 376.08
0.5644 0.6872 1.4259 1.4996 L5542 1.WOO 1.64.1i.l 1.6787 1.7141 1.7475 1.7793 1.8097
(556.28) s 0.1289 0.2927 0.4353
0.0:85 0.0203 0.4016 0.4905 0.5615 0.6250 0.6845 0.74J8 0.7974 0.8519 0.9055 0.9584
v 0.0161 0.0166 0.0174
376.20 487.72 1224.2 1311.5 1379.7 1440.9 1499.4 1556.9 1614.2 1671.6 1729.4 .1787.6
1200 h 71.16 170.78 271.82
0.5642 0.6868 1.4061 1.4851 1.5415 1.5883 1.6298 1.6679 1.7035 1.7371 1.7691 1.7996
(567.19) s 0.1288 0.2926 0.4351
0.0174 0.OJ85 0.0203 0.3176 0.4059 0.4712 0.5282 0.5809 0.6311 0.6798 0.7272 0.7737 0.8195
v 0.0161 0.0166
376.44 487.65 1194.1 1296.1 1369.3 1433.2 1493.2 1551.8 1609.9 1668.0 1726.3 1785.0
1400 h 71.68 171.24 272.19
0.4348 0.5636 0.6859 1.3652 1.4575 1.5/82 1.5670 1.6096 1.6484 1.6845 1.7185 1.7508 1.78J5
(587.07) s 0.1.287 0.2923
0.0173 0.OJ85 0.0202 0.0236 0.3415 0.4032 0.4555 0.5031 0.5482 0.5915 0.6336 0.6748 0.7153
v 0.016J 0.0166
. 72.21 272.57 376.69 487.60 616.77 1279.4 1358.5 1425.2 1486.9 1546.6 1605.6 1664.3 1723.2 1782.3
1600 h 171.69
0.4344 0.5631 0.6851 0.8129 1.4312 1.4968 . 1.5478 1.5916 1.6312 1.6678 1.7022 1.7344 1.7657
(604.87) s 0.1286 0.2921
0.0160 O.Oi65 0.0173 0.0185 0.0202 0.0235 0.2906 0.3500 0.3988 0.4426 0.4836 0.5229 0.5609 0.5980 0.6343
72 ~'... J"':i 15 :;,: CJS ,7693 487.56 6]~.58 1261. I 1347.2 1417.1 1480.6 1541.1 1601.2 1660.7 1720.1 1779.7
i~
~~,:tt~. rJ ': ;.r;.t ~,1.7.#~~ ~PA,~ n ""oJ,..:;:5
~ I O,t •.~.q Q;~I!,,:) I .<'):'>4 I ~i(;.~ I ~302 1.5753 1 6156 16S2S I 6876 1721)l 1 7516
tf.:~~~""?:~~;1o''''''+'''~''.~f'1'",;"",~~~~:,,,.~j.,';.~~~~ .•:f~~I~~t.:r~~:-':i;~,~:~{~~j~-~~~~~~~ ...)~;'~~~~~:::~~~.~}~~1~~~:~Gi~'~~H'#-~~~~_''''''~~.~~,~T~~~~_~~';~
V 0.0160 0.0165 0.0173 0.0184 0.0201 0.0233 0.2488 0.3072 0.3534 0.3942 0.4320 0.4680 0.5027 0.5365 0.5695
2000 h 73.26 172.60 273.32 377.19 487.53 614.48 1240.9 1353.4 1408.7 1474.1 1536.2 1596.9 1657.0 1717.0 1777.1
(635.80) s 0.1283 0.2916 0.4337 0.5621 0.6834 0.8091 1.3794 1.4578 1.5138 1.5603 1.6014 1.6391 1.6743 1.7075 1.7389
v 0.0160 0.0165 0.0173 0.0184 0.0200 0.0230 0.1681 0.2293 0.2712 0.3068 0.3390 0.3692 0.3980 0.4259 0.4529
2500 h 74.57 173.74 274.27 377.82 487.50 612.08 1176.7 1303.4 1386.7 1457.5 1522.9 1585.9 1647.8 1709.2 1770.4
0.4329 0.5609 0.6815 0.8048 1.3076 1.4129 1.4766 1.5269 1.5703 1.6094 1.6456 1.6796 1.7116
(668.11) s 0.1280 0.2910
v 0.0160 0.0165 0.0172 0.0183 0.0200 0.0228 0.0982 0.1759 0.2161 0.2484 0.2770 0.3033 0.3282 0.3522 0.3753
h 75.88 174.88 275.22 378.47 487.52 610.08 1060.5 1267.0 1363.2 1440.2 1509.4 1574.8 1638.5 1701.4 1761.8
3000
(695.33) s 0.1277 0.2904 0.4320 0.5597 0.6796 0.8009 1.1966 1:3692 1.4429 1.4976 1.5434 1.5841 . 1.6214 1.6561 1.6888
v 0.0160 0.0165 0.0172 0.0183 0.0199 0.0227 0.0335 0.1588 0.1987 0.2301 0.2576 0.2827 0.3065 0.3291 0.3510
3200 h 76.4 175.3 • 275.6 378.7 487.5 609.4 800.8 1250.9 1353.4 1433.1 1503.8 1570.3 1634.8 1698.3 1761.2
(705.08) s 0.1276 0.2902 0.4317 0.5592 0.6788 0.7994. 0.9708 1.3515 1.4300 1.4866 -1.5335 1.5749 1.6126 1.6477 1.6806
v 0.0160 0.0164 0.0172 0.0183 0.0199 0.0225 0.0307 0.1364 0.1764 0.2066 0.2326 0.2563 0.2784 0.2995 0.3198
3500 h 77.2 176.0 276.2 379.1 487.6 608.4 779.4 1224.6 1338.2 1422.2 1495.5 1563.3 1629.2 1693.6 1757.2
s 0.1274 0.2899 0.4312 0.5585 0.6777 0.7973 0.9508 1.3242 1.4112 1.4709 1.5194 1.5618 1.6002 1.6358 1.6691
v 0.0159 0.0164 0.0172 0.0182 0.0198 0.0223 0.0287 0.1052 0.1463 0.1752 0.1994 0.2210 0.2411 0.2601 0.2783
4000 h 78.5 177.2 277.1 379.8 487.7 606.9 763.0 1174.3 1311.6 1403.6 1481.3 1552.2 1619.8 1685.7 1750.6
s 0.1271 0.2.893 0.4304 0.5573 0.6760 0.7940 0.9343 1.2754 1.3807 1.4461 1.4976 1.5417 1.5812 1.6177 '1.6516
v 0.0159 0.0164 0.0171 0.0181 0.0196 0.0219 0.0268 0.059i 0.1038 0.B12 0.1529 0.1718 0.1890 0.2050 0.2203
5000 h 81.1 179.5 279.1 331.2 488.1 604.6 746.0 1042.9 1252.9 1364.6 1452.1 1529.1 1600.9 1670.0 1737.4
0.1265 0.2881 0.4287 0.5550 0.6726 0.7880 0.9153 1.1593 1.3207 1.4001 1.4582 1.5061 1.5481 1.5863 1.6216
v 0.0159 0.0163 0.0170 0.0180 0.0195 0.0216 0.0256 0.0397 0.0757 0.1020 0.1221 0.1391 0.1544 0.1684 0.1817
181.7 281.0 382.7 488.6 602.9 736.1 945.1 1188.8 1323.6 1422.3 1505.9 1582.0 1654.2 1724.2
6000 h 83.7
s 0.1258 0.2870 0.4271 0:5528 0.6693 0.7826 0.9026 1.0176 1.2615 1.3574 1.4229 1.4748 1.5194 1.5593 1.5962
v 0.0158 0.0163 0.0170 0.0180 0.0193 0.0213 0.0248 0.0334 0.0573 0.0816 0.1004 0.1160 0.1298 0.1424 0.1542
7000 h .86.2 184.4 283.0 384.2 489.3 601.7 729.3 901.8 1124.9 1281.7 1392.2 1482.6 1563.1 1638.6 1711.1
0.1252 0.2859 0.4256 0.5507 0.6663 0.7777 0.8926 1.0350 i.2055 1.3171 1.3904 1.4466 1.4938 1.5355 1.5735
• Compressed (subcoolcd) water to the left of the vertical lines; supemeated stearn to the right of the vertical lines; supercriticai steam below the horizontal
line.
_0_
- D-
•
,-- ----------~~----------------------
APPENDIX
K
TUBES
1100
!;'-
.-:" Table K Properties of con~~nser and feedwater healer tubes
250 ~
225 ;;, Inside Tube inass,
Outside
200 ~ Gage, Thickness, .diameter, Surface area, Waterflow, Ib",lft
diameler,
175 ~ . ft2/ft gpmi(ft)/(s) (Admiralty)
E in BWG in in
150 ~
E 0.1636 0.600 0.435
1252 16 0.065 0.495
0.630 0~393
.., 100 ~
5/8 17 0.058 0.509 0.1636
0.680 0.337
0.049 0.527 0.1636
"
..u
600 ..:~
18
0.555 0.1636 0.750 0.247
if 20 0.035
"
o
" 500 16 0.065 0.620 0.1963 0.942 0.532
~ 3/4 17 0,058 0.634 0.1963 0.980 0.480
£" 400 18 0.049 0.652 0.1963 1.042 0.4110
0.035 0.680 0.1963 1.130 0.299
20
300
~ 16 0.065 0.745 0.2291 1.360 0.630
6 200 7/8 17 0.058 0.759 0.2291 1.410 0.567
0.484
18 0.049 0.777 0.2291 1.480
100 0.035 0.805 0.2291 1.590 0.352
20
o 2 4 6 8 9 10
Water velocity in tubes at 60°F, ftls 0.065 0.870 0.2618 1.854 0.727
16
17 0.058 0.884 0.2618 1.910 0.653
0.049 0.902 0.2618 1.994 0.557
90/10 80/20 70/30 302,304 18
0.035 0.930 0.2618 2.120 0.404
Copper- Copper- Copper- 'Stainless 20
Gauge Adms. ' nickle nickle nicklc Monel' steel
18 1.00 0.97 0.95 0.92 0.89 0.85
17 1.00 0.94 0.91 0.87 0.85 0.80
16 1.00 0.91 0.88 084 082 0.77
15 0.99 0.89 0.86 0.82 0.79 0,74
14 0,96 0.85 0.82 0,77 0,75 0,70
13 0.93 0.81 0,78 0,73 0,70 0.65
12 0.90 0.77 0.73 0,68 0.65 0.60
11 0.87 0.74 0,70 0.65 0,62 0,57
10 0.83 . 0.69 0.66 0.60 0,58 0.5 ~ 'i
9 0.80 0,65 0.62 0.56 0.54 0.48
Multiplier.sof base heat-Iransfer rales for various tube materials and gauges
i
(for lube OD to I in. inclusive)
FIgure 6-15 Overall heat-transfer coefficient for condenSing zone only as a function of average til
. temperature as defined by Eq. (6.13) (49).
Faclor F2
1.0 0.9 0.8 07
0.30 ,.
,0.28
0.26
0.24
II
I
0.22
/ 450
0.20
I
°"-
0.\8 400
1/
..:-•.. 0.16 F) 350 2
0-
0 -:,{ t E
U
"-'"
0.14
0.12
V
J + F2
V
J - 300
250 E
"
0-
"
';;j
200 ~
0.10
V V "
..:E
150
0.08
0.06
/ ./
V
100
>
/ V
0.04 50
;/
0,02 '"
,./
o 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14
.\
Water velocity in tubes al 60°F, ftls
Figure 6-16 Factors in Eq. (6-15) for pressure drop in tubes of closed feedwater heaters and drain coolers
[491.
L-4/T -2/ME Date: 16/0112016

Full Marks : 210 Time: 3 Hours
SECTION-A
Stearn Tables are supplied. Assume reasonable values fro missing data, if any.
1. (a) Discuss the current status and future of coal, oil, gas, and nuclear as energy sources in
the world. Your answer should also highlight the energy scenario in Bangladesh. (20)
(b) What are the parameters to be considered in choosing a site for a hydro-electric power
plant? Discuss and compare a hydro-electric plant with other renewable energy sources. (15)
2. (a) Explain the load curve and the load duration curve in a power system. What are their
usages? (10)
(b) Explain different types of electrical tariff methods. (10)
(c) The maximum load on a thermal power plant of 60 MW capacity is 50 MW at an
annual load factor of 0.50. The loads having maximum demands of 25 MW, 20 MW,
8 MW, and 5 MW are connected to the power station. Determine : (i) average load on
power station, (ii) energy generated per year, (iii) demand factor, and (iv) diversity factor. (10)
(d) What is diversity factor? What happens to the load factor of a power system if the
diversity factor changes? (5)
3. (a) What are the advantages of fluidised bed combustion (FBC)? Explain with a neat
sketch the operation of a circulating fluidised bed boiler. (15)

(b) Discuss in detail, with a block diagram, the layout of an IGCC power plant. (15)
(c) Write short notes on staging of stearn turbines. (5)
4. (a) Why are condensers used in a stearn power plant? Briefly describe the operation of a
surface condenser with a neat sketch. (10)

(b) A condenser for a stearn power plant receives 185 tons per hour of stearn at 40°C,
92% quality. Cooling water enters at 33°C and leaves at 37°C. The condensate leaves at
39°C. The pressure in the condenses is 0.077 bar. (20)

Find, (i) the cooling water flow required in m3 Is, and (ii) the condenser efficiency.
(c) What is a deaerator heater? Why is it located at a sufficient height above the boiler
feed pump? (5)

Contd P/2
=2=
ME 403
SECTION -B
5. (a) Make brief comparisons between: (10)

(i) gas turbine and steam turbine
(ii) gas turbine and piston engines.
(b) Explain the working principle and the effects of regeneration on gas turbines. (10)
(c) Draw a schematic diagram of a practical ICRHR cycle and present a typical
performance map (11 vs specific work). (15)

(i) S1 engines and CI engines for power generation applications
(ii) turbo-charging and supercharging of CI engines.
(b) With schematic diagrams, explain the working principle of a CI engine turbocharger
with intercooler, and waste-gate. (10)

(c) Make brief comparisons between 3 types of gas engines used in power generation. (15)
7. (a) Make brief comparison between: (10)

(i) U-235 and U-238
(ii) Nuclear fission and fusion
(b) With schematic diagrams, explain the essential features of thermal fission reactors. (10)
(c) Write short notes on (15)
(i) PWR reactor
(ii) BWR reactor
(iii) CANDU reactor

(i) Co-generation and regeneration
(ii) Brayton cycle and combined cycle.
(b) Write a short note on nuclear power by mentioning favourable and unfabourable
drives for it. (10)

(c) Make a thermodynamic analysis of a gas turbine combined cycle, Briefly present
energy flow diagram and performance parameters of such system. (15)

.Tables::in' SLUnits
.=; 3-
" .,. ....
• " .' "" ".' :::"j '.:- ':;\-: ':-'
TaiJ/eA-2 '. Properties of Saturated Water (Liq~id:-:VapoJ): Temperature Tahle .
'. ~.-.
- .C',;,';;: .. .' .. ". '.' ~ :... ..' ::. .'
'. :.f.". "SpccitkVolumc -, "'-'Internal Energy,> : : :\';."'.,Entha!py -Entropy "
;t'~
m~/kg' 'i:"'kJlkg';"" 'kJ/kg kJ/kg - K ..
'
. ,Sat.' . I. ',' S~t.'.' ~..' Sat.:

i Vapor'". , 'Liquid . Li<}uid .
. u~ ". h( Sr
~~, T~~p
"';':":, ':.~.:
'.
:~
:;
,
,
10 .'0.012281.0004 . 106.379 ' .'.:'42.00"'2389.2 ::,.'A4.0i: :2477.7 2519.8, 0.1510 .8.9008 10 .
II , ,'0.013121.0004 : '99~g57 '. , )'~'4p.2'0:,1:390.5 ".1':46.20" 2475.42521.6 . OJ658 8.8765 11
12 ':0.01402: '1.0005 : 93'.784' ,"';;;50:41' " .'239j.9 c' ;:':50.4f"2473.0 2523.4: 0.1806 8.8524' .12'
'j3 . ""~0.01497{',':1.0007 ' ":88:124, :~:'.t 54.M ,'2393.3': ;;':::S4:60:::~: 2470.7 '25'2.5.3 " 0.195'3. 8:8285' 13.
<:,58.79.'; '2394.Q'::>.5S.80';'.2468.3' '2527.1 . 0.2099 :8.8048.:: 14'
.... .. .'.~]l~':JII~jitJfi'!
J4 : '. 0,0 1598:..... L0008 .'82.848 :
.'. 0.02339 ';1.0018 ' .. . : ':,83.95 :2402.9,' ':"83.96,' 2454.1<2538.1 : 0.2966 .20.
20
"!,88.i4 2404.3.;'" 88.1'4' 2451.8 . 2539.9 0.3109 .21
21 . :1.' 0.02487 .: 1.0020."
22 0,02645' :1.0022.. :;.'92.32"- :2405.7,", '<92.33; 2449.4 '. 2541.7 ..0.3251 ' 22 .
. ::'0,028:10' r.0024 ,. ., .;':,,96.51 . ':2407.0," 96.52:':,2447:02543.5 0.3393 23
23
24 .. 0.029g5.
'.0.04246 . '32:89'4. 125.78 .. 2416.6 : .125,79 ' .0.4369 . 30

30
3';165 . '129.96 : 24]8.0." : 129:97'.: 0.4507 31
31 ..0.04496
'29:540 134.14 ' '2419.3 .': 134.15. 0.4644 32
32
.28.011 .j38.32 ' 2420.7,. .... 138.33 0.4781 33
33 ,
: 142.50 .. :2422:0...:'
"'."
75 .2321.4 2635.3. 1.0155 7.6824 75

l~
':,~~
2308.8 2643:7 1.0753 . i6122 80
80
2296.0 2651.9 1.1343 ; 7.5445. 85
85
.2283.2 '2660;1 J.J925 7.4791'. 90 '
90
.2270.2 2668.1 1.2500 7.4159 . . 95
95
:_:'~:flt~
150 .4.758 ' 0.3928 .631.68 2559.5 '::632.20 .2114.3 2746.5 1.8418 ' 6.8379 . 150
'160 6.178 0.3071 674.86 ,2568.4 . ' 675.55 2082.6 '2758;) . 1.9427 . 6.7502 ;160
170 .7.917 0.2428 . 718.3.3' ,2576.5' i!'}19.21 . "2049.5 .2768.7 2.0419 ' (;.6663 ',170 :
180 '.10.02 ..0.1941 762.09 .:,2583.7. ,.)63.22 ,.201:5.0 2778,2 .2.1396 .. 6.5857. 180 '
190 807.62 .. '1978.8 2786:4 2.2359 6.5079 190
'Cl." .
,.
250 39..73 1.25.12' . 0;05013 . 1080.4. . 2602.4: 1085.4 '.1716.2 2.7927 , 6.0730 .' .250
260 46.88 1.2755 0.04221 1128.4.' .,2599.0 : 1134.4 '.1662.5 2.8838, 6.0019 '. ,260
270 54.99 1.3023 0.03564'. 1177k . '2593.7 " 1184.5: 1605.2 2.9751 5.9301, 270
280 64.12 1.3321 0.03017 1227.5'." 2586.1', . 12~6.0. '1543.6 3.0668 : 5.8571 280'
290. ,74.36 1.3656 0.02557 . 1278.9.2576.0 ' , 1289.1.. ]477.1 5.7821. 290'
.~
i"
•
Tables: in .51' Units'
,
i . Properties of Saturated W.ater (Liquid~yapor~:. Pres~ure Table. ". ;,
It' ,/.
.
Sp6Cifie Volume'
. '. ;113/kg .
.
::-. '.!
','
. Inter/iiil Energy
kJ/kg . I":"
.. ; .r':', .',:'j ~nthalpy
kJ/kg
Entropy
: kJ/kg: K
/:
Press .. Temp.
,Sat.
;. Liquid' : ,
:Sat.
Vapoi .
. S~t:,
. Liquid
:s1.<, ;. sht::
. Vapor' : liqUId E:~ap:.
Sat.
: Vapor
Sat. Sat:
. 'Press.
Liquid. Vapor
bar . °C uf X 103 'hf'
. ug • Uf . ug .... . Jiig . . fIg Sf . Sg'. bar
~~~iliil~liif
".' ...
..':.~':'1:.
,'
. . ..... ~
'. .'
.r,1i1..~Q93{ ~;:.Jf~32(P!'.;]:908~'~-"
;':'.-:'Q:20' .
0.30 'j9.io '1.0223': 5:229 .... 2~36.( : 2625:3 '.. 0.9439 '7.7686 0.30
0.4075.87 •.' ; 1:0265 ." . : 3:993";"::", , 2319:2.,' . 2636.8 . 1.0259' 7:6700 . 0.40
0.50 81.33;:{0300:""3~24.0: ,-::. 2305:4 2645.9. : 1.09 10' . 7.59390.50
.:..
0.60.85.94' .:1'.033i: . 2:732''''' . 22~?6 '2653:5' 1.1453. 7.5320 0.60
0.70 .. "89.95":'.:"1.0360 '2:365' ..' :.:. 2283.3 2660~0 '1.1'919".7.4797 0.70
"II~~~~ll:
:....
~.
'1~
~~i~~j
f;};~i~'
'•.~:~~
Q2O'S';, ~:2693'6:'.\:);HI336~~.:'.7"2233;'.. :]"50
'. "'t. ~.;~7..Q~~!:9.Ji
~.'iiQt!Jj;J?\f~iO:i.f;'i,a:l: 2jL:.' ~;,'~/i:oo
2.50 127.4 1.0672 . 0.7187 535.10 2537.2 535.37 2J 81.5 2716.9 1.6072 7.0527 2.50
.. 3.00 . 133.6 1.0732 0.6058 561.J 5 2543.6 . 561.47 2163.8 2725.3 1.6718 6.9919 3:00
3.50 138.9 L0786 0.5243 583.95 2546,9 584.33 2148.1 2732.4 1.7275 6.9405 3.50
'4.00 143.6 1.0836 .0.4625 604.31 2553.6 604.74 2133.8 .2738.6 1.7766 6.8959 4.00
4.50 147.9 J .0882 0.4140 622:25 2557.6 623.25 2120.7 2743.9 1.8207 6.8565 4.50
.' .
::',i~J.,,;~
_ .~!l-Q;~ •.
10.0 179.~ 1.1273 0.1944 761.68 2583.6 762.81. 20J 5.3 2778.] 2.1387 6.5863 10.0
J5.0 J98.3 ].] 539 O.J 318 843.1 6 2594.5 844.84 1947.3 2792.2 2.3150 6.4448 15.0
20.0 2] 2.4 1.1767 0.09963 . 906.44. 2600.3 9Q~.79 J 890.7 2799.5 2.4474 6.3409 20.0
25.0 224.0 1.l973 0.07998 959.1 J 2603.1 962.11. 1841.0 2803.1 2.5547 6.2575 25.0
30,0 233.9 1.2165 0.06668 1004.8 2604.1 1008.4 1795.7 2804.2 2.6457 6.1 869 30.0
Ili~liljt;f~~fl~~~J~~]~~lilfl;i;;~j!ti
70.0
80.0
285.9
.295.J
1.35] 3
1.3842
90.0 303.4 1.4178
100. 311.1 1.4524
170. 352.4 1.7702 0.008~64 . 1660.2. 2405.0 ; 1690~3. 856.9 2547.2 3.8079. .. 5.1777 170.
180. 357.1 1.8397 0;007489 .1698.9' 2374.3'
.. ",
; r732.0 17'7.1 . 2509.1 3.8715 ".5.1044 {BO.
.' "
190. 361.5 1.9243 0.0066.57 1739.9. 2338.1 >1776.5 "68S,0 . 2464.5 3.9388 .. 5.0228. 190.
200. .365.8 '2.036 ' . 0.OQ5834. ]785.6 •. 2293.0 '1~i9J ,:583.4 2409.7 4.0139 ,.,4.9269 ., .200 .
220.9 . 374.1 . 3.1 55 0.003155 2029.6 ." ,- 2929.6 i 2099,3 0 2099.3 4.4298: .4.4298 220.9
L-4/T-2/ME Date: 09/07/2015

Full Marks : 210 Time: 3 Hours
SECTION-A
Symbols have usual meanings. Assume reasonable value(s) of any data (if missing).
1. (a) "The ratio of primary energy consumption to final energy consumption is very high in
Bangladesh compared to many other countries" - explain. (7)

(b) What are the existing and probable future resources for power development in
Bangladesh by 2030? Discuss. (8)

(c) Explain what you understand by base load and peaking load. Why are base load plants
loaded heavily? (7)

(d) What are the methods for determining the total annual cost of electricity? What are
the elements that contribute to the cost of electricity? (8)

(e) Explain the principle of economic scheduling. (5)
2. (a) Explain effect ofload factor and plant factor on the cost of electricity generated. (6)
(b) What is incremental heat rate? ( 4)
(c) A power plant of 21 0 MW installed capacity has the following particulars: (25)
Capital cost = Tk. 64,000 per kW installed
Interest and depreciation = 12% per year
Annual load factor = 60%
Annual capacity factor = 54%
Annual running charges = Tk. 360 x 106
Energy consumed by power plant auxiliaries = 6%
Calculate: (i) the reserve capacity of the plant, (ii) net energy delivered per year, and
(iii) The cost of power generation per kWh.
3. (a) What is meant by the rank of coal? What are the different ranks of coal? (5)
(b) What are the different types of pulverised coal burners? Discuss briefly. (15)
(c) Classify water tube boilers by water circulation. Draw the schematic of each ofthem. (10)
(d) How is coal gasification important from emission viewpoint? (5)
Contd P12
=2=
ME 403
4. (a) What are the emission control devices commonly used in modem coal-fired power
plants? Draw a schematic and briefly explain how they work. (10)
(b) Why are feedwater heaters used? Why is one of the heaters always an open heater? (6)
(c) What are the basic features of advanced class boiler feed pumps? Discuss briefly. (6)
(d) Define (i) approach, (ii) range, and (iii) cooling efficiency of a cooling tower. (6)
(e) Discuss the merits and demerits of hydro-electric power plants. (7)
SECTION -B
5. (a) Explain the fission ofU235. Make a brief assessment of thermal energy available per kg
of uranium. (10)
(b) Briefly explain the key components ofa thermal fission reactor. (10)
(c) Classify thermal fission reactors and briefly explain the features of BWR. (10)
(d) Write a short note on CANDU reactor. (5)
6. (a) Make a brief comparison between gas turbines and steam turbines. (5)
(b) Draw a schematic diagram of a single stage intercooled, reheat and regenerative
(ICRHR) cycle. Show the corresponding processes on a typical T-s diagram and explain
the effects of
(i) intercooling
(ii) reheating
(iii) regeneration
on the power-output and thermal efficiency of an ICRHR cycle. (20)

(c) Draw typical performance map (ll vs specific work) of a practical ICRHR cycle
showing the effects of pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature. (10)
7. (a) Make a brief comparison between turbocharging and super-charging of a Cl engine.
Show various turbine configuration suitable for such captive power plants. (10)
(b) Explain the various types of combustion processes in gas-engines for captive power
plants. Make a brief comparison between gas-engines and diesel engines. (15)
(c) Write short notes on (10)
(i) generator cooling
(ii) control parameters of a thermal power plant.
Contd P/3
=3=
ME 403
8. (a) Draw a schematic diagram of a gas turbine combined cycle. Make thermodynamic
analysis of CC processes. Briefly present energy flow diagram of a combined cycle gas
turbine. (20)
(b) Briefly explain the key parameters affecting the performance of ace. (l0)
(c) Write a short note on 'spent fuel disposal problem' of a nuclear power plant. (5)
L-4ff-2/ME Date: 17/05/2014
. '. .
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA.
Sub: ME 403 (power Plant Engineering)

___ .~ ••• __ ••••• ••••••• _ ••• _. __ •••••• _. •••••••••••••••••••••••• _ •• _:..-.. __ • __ .H ••••••• _._. • ,_ •• ~. __ •• _ •••• _ •••••••• _-
SECTION-A
1. (a) What is the current generation mix in Bangladesh? What might be the generation mix
in 2050 in Bangladesh? Elaborate with logic. (10)

(b) What are the factors to be considered for siting of a conventional power plant? (5)
(c) A power station of 30 MW capacity has the maximum annual 5 NW, demand of 25
MW. It supplies loads having maximum demands of 10 MW, 8.5 MW, and 4.5 MW. The
annual load factor is 45%. Estimate: (i) the average load, (ii) the energy supplied per
year, (iii) the diversity factor, and (iv) the demand factor. (20)
2. (a) What are the effects of variable loads on power plants? (5)
(b) What is meant by the levelised cost of electricity? What are its oo-"antages and limitations? (15)
(c) Draw the processes of a gas-turbine combined-cycle plant on a T-s plane. (5)
(d) What are effects of ambient air temperature and pressure on the performance of a
combined-cycle power plant? (10)
3. (a) Compare single-, dual-, and triple-pressure combined cycles with t!te help of energy-
temperature diagrams. (15)
(b) What is IGCC? Describe an IGCC power plant with a suitable schematic. (10)
(c) What is oxy-fuel process? ' (3)
(d) Discuss the various methods for carbon capture and storage (CCS) from power plants. (7)
4. (a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydro-electric power plants? (8)
(b) How is the governing of hydraulic turbines done? (4)
(c) Define fis~onable, fissile, and fertile materials in reference to nuclear power plants.
Give examples of each. (3)
(d) Distinguish between a thermal reactor and a fast reactor. (4)
(e) Name the types of nuclear power planfin use in the world today. (4)
(t) What are Generation IV nuclear reactors? Briefly describe each of them. (12)'
Contd P/2
=2=
ME 403
SECTION-B
5. (a) Write down the features of major commercial types of Internal Combustion Engines
(ICE) that may be used as::.rprime mover for electricity generation. (18)
\
(b) Briefly describe all the auxiliary equipment used in stationary diesel generators.
Provide schematic diagram if necessary. (17)
6. (a) Describe with neat sketches the direct and indirect gas turbine cycles for both the
open and closed type. (12)
(b) With necessary sketches briefly describe the basic methods of blade cooling of gas turbine. (12)
(c) Write down the comparative features of a gas turbine as prime mover with respect to
steam turbine and reciprocating internal combustion engine. (11)
7. (a) What are the advanced features of a supercritical power plant compared to a
traditional (subcritical) coal-fIred plant? (12)

(b) Briefly describe the Fluidised-Bed combustion (FBe) technology used in coal based
thermal power plant. Also mention its advantages. (12)

(c) What are the distinguishing features of a radiant superheater with respect to a
conventional superheater used in a steam generator? (11)
8. (a) What is de-aeration, used in a condenser of a steam power plant? Briefly describe.
Why is it necessary? (12)
(b) Describe a typical velocity diagram for a two-stage reaction turbine with proper sketches. (12)
(c) Describe the working principle of an overspeed trip valve (emergency governer) of a
. "
steam turbine. (11)
. .
---------------------------.--------
..•.
~" .. :',' ...

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L-4rr-2/ME Date: 10/04/2023

Sub: ME 419 (Power Plant Engineering)

power generation. (8)

like performance, fuel, start-up, loading shutdown, etc. (15)

6. (a) A power station has to supply electric load as follows: (20)

elements are recovered in the Doherty rate method. (15)

health/environmental hazards. (10)

are incorporated in Rooppur Power Plant. (15)

prospect of Hyde! power in Bangladesh. (14)

L-4/T -2 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 20 I 9-2020

Sub: ME 419 (Power Plant Engineering)

Full Marks: 2 I 0 Time: 3 Hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks

USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

The reserve capacity of the power station is 30 MW.

7. (a) Briefly mention some advantages of ICE power plants. (8)

saturated water-Temperature table

Saturated water-Pressure lable

Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. Sat. S". Sat.

I 101.69 0.01614 333.49 69.72 913.99 1043.1 69.12

0.22681 L080.5 1153.9 1.3112 0.18815 1066.8 1136.4 1.2853

0.72 0.79 0.86 0.92 1.00 1.04 1.08 1.10

304 Admiralty, Aluminum- Aluminum-

1.00 0.96 0.90 0.83

Table K Properties or condenser and feedwater heater tubes

0.065 0.495 0.1636 0.600 0.435

0.620 0.1963 0.947 0.532

0.745 0.2291 1.360 0.630

0.1170 0.2618 1.854 0.727

There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE

(c) Write short notes on:

There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE

8. (a) Describe key components of hydraulic turbine governing system. (15)

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA

There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

power plant. (6)

conditions (temperature and pressure) upon available energy. (10)

suitability of use in USC steam generators. (15)

the air suction zone. (10)

the factors that need be considered to design an open FWH. (10)

and disadvantages. (15)

There are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.

context to present power scenario in Bangladesh. (15)

to nuclear reactions. (10)

affect the sustainability of nuclear chain reaction. (10)

construction at Rooppur Nuclear Power plant, Bangladesh. (10)

power plants. (10)

.Table 6-2 Constants in Eq. (6-7)

0.79 0.86 0.92

C, 18 &'"&' 0.58 1.00 0.96 0.90

SpeCific volume, Specific enthalpy. Specific entropy,

It.', -- ":'~,~:6 ':~'~~~;2;"

Sub: ME 403 (power Plant Engineering)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

position and possible future prospects of electricity industry in Bangladesh. (15)

detail the potentiality of renewable energies in Bangladesh. (10)

characteristics of coals. (10)

briefly the ways to prevent boiler slagging and fouling. (l0)

tf.:~""?:;1o''''''+'''~''.~f'1'",;"",~~~~:,,,.~j.,';.~~ .•:fIt.:r:-':i;~,~:~{~~j~-~~~~~~~ ...)~;'~~~:::~.~}1~:~Gi~'H'#-_''''''.~~,~T~~_';~