KENYA COAST NATIONAL POLYTECHNIC

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

(PRODUCTION OPTION)

TRADE PROJECT REPORT

TITLE : A SIMPLE DOUBLE CAR JACK MACHINE.

INDEX NO : 03106105110

COURSE : DIPLOMA IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

COURSE CODE : 2501

CENTRE : KENYA COAST NATIONAL POLTECHINIC

PRESENTED TO : KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL

IN FILLFILLMENT OF DIPLOMA IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (PRODUCTION OPTION)

SERIES : JULIY 2021

PAPER NO:

1
 DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this is my personal working and original words and part of this designed
project which i have designed may not be produced or transmitted inform or by any electrical
means recording or otherwise without the proper permission from the author.

NAME:

SIGN:

DATE:

This project has been submitted for examination with approval by the supervisor.

SUPERVISORS NAME:

SIGN:

DATE:

i
 DEDICATION

I dedicate this project my relatives, my brother Joseph Mwakisha and special friends for their
moral support through my project. May the Almighty lord bless them.

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am glad to all my friend who use their time to support my project and encouraged me to put
more effort so that it can be successful. Finally I made it through; strength, patience and courage
which I needed it through my project. Firstly I start by appreciating my project supervisor Mr
Martin mulwa for making my project successful. Secondly I thank my colleagues for supporting
me and assisted me whenever I needed them

iii
Table of Contents
DECLARATION..............................................................................................................................i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..............................................................................................................iii

ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................v

CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................1

1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................1

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY..........................................................................................1

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.........................................................................................1

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY...............................................................................................2

1.4 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY.........................................................................................2

1.5 CSOPE OF THE STUDY..........................................................................................................2

CHAPTER TWO.............................................................................................................................3

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW..........................................................................................................3

2.1INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3

2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK..............................................................................................3

2.2.1 Components and Parts............................................................................................................3

CHAPTER THREE.........................................................................................................................8

3.0RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...............................................................................................8

3.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................8

3.2 DESIGN.....................................................................................................................................8

3.2.1 Construction and Working Principles.....................................................................................8

3.3.1 Material Specifications.........................................................................................................16

3.4 PROJECT COSTING..............................................................................................................17

3.5 4 Cost Analysis........................................................................................................................17

3.5 ASSEMBLY OF THE MACHINE.........................................................................................18

iv
CHAPTER FOUR.........................................................................................................................20

4.1 FINDINGS...............................................................................................................................20

4.2 DATA ANALYSIS.................................................................................................................20

4.3 CONCLUSSION.....................................................................................................................20

4.4 RECCOMMENDATION........................................................................................................20

REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................21

v
 ABSTRACT
Jack are commonly used for lifting process or operation. They consists of a piston with rubber rings the
around the piston. The piston can be made of steel metal as it is strong enough. The rubber around the
piston is most preferred because it is air tight thus is more effective. It is put in a cylindncal hollow like
structure with a single inlet which also act as outlet. The cylinder has two opposite valves at the bottom.
When presser and the piston pulled or pushed, force is created in the jack that draws the shaft through the
open cylinder which makes the jacks to perform their operation. This pressure force raises and lowers
jack shaft. This project act as a simple hydraulic machine where F1/A1=F2/A2.The frame should be able
to support the beam without breakage.. The beam will carry the weights on one side and hold the job on
but side. The presser is used to apply the force needed for the jack to operate which allow the hydraulic
fluid to flow through the hydraulic pipe and to the jack. The history of the hydraulic jacks was first
inverted by French mathematician and philosopher by the name Blaise Pascal illustrated the
principle of hydraulic jack in the 17th century . In 1795.Richard Dudgeon incorporation started in
New York as a machine shop and on July 8, 1851where he was awarded a patent for ‘portable
hydraulic press. The Simple Double Car Jack Machine can be used with two mechanics or technician
since they can share it and even time in a local workshop where it is a challenge to buy more them one
jack because of lack of finance of poor managnent which is common in Kenya. The cost of this project is
estimated to be 38164ksh per one assemble which will be from the Kenya Coast National
Polytechnic student project funds. The project is proved to be rigid and sufficient and this will
increase the living standards of people through selling and encourage innovation.

vi
 CHAPTER ONE.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY.
Carjacking is the lifting of where one many use hydraulic or screw jack method. The hydraulic jack can
be of air or other hydraulic fluids

Lifting cars has been helping engineers and technicians to reach under car for assembling and
maintenance.it also helps them to ensure safety of the engineers and technicians since it add support to the
heavy weight loaded by the car.

Carjacking started many years ago with our forefathers when they used to lift up car using logs as leavers
to lift them. Throughout all this time, carjacking was done manually by use of hands and which lead to in
conventions due to fatigue and health were people could get tubelousis.

These limitations of using old car lifting prompted to innovation of machines which would help in the
mordan lifting processes.

Hydraulic jacks can be dated many years ago when French mathematician and philosopher by name
Blaise Pascal illustrated by the principle of hydraulic jack in 17 th century. In 1851 Dudgeon introduced
hydraulic to machines like steam carriages Filter press jacks, steam forging hammer, pulling jack and
roller boiler tube expanders.

Hydraulic jack are commonly and widely applied everywhere all over the world. They have a lot of
merits and it is very important to have then in the workshop. This uses the principle were pressure is
equal to force divided by area

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.

It is very expensive to buy a forklift in Kenya. Since this A Simple Double Car Jack Machine is
simple to make. However it depends with the height one wants to reach.

In our local car workshops people uses stones to support the lifted area and then transferred the jack to the
other area of the car needed to be lifted. This is rectify by double jack which will ensure more than one
area of the car is lifted

This A Simple Double Car Jack Machine can be used with two mechanics or technician since they can
sare it and even time in a local workshop where it is a challenge to buy more them one jack because of
lack of finance of poor managnent which is common in Kenya

1
 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY.
The objectives of this project are:

To generate income due to the sailing of the machine.

To improve working conditions in local workshop in the Kenya industry were enquiries are minimalized
To enhance customer satisfaction since the A Simple Double Car Jack Machine will ensure minimal time
and customers will get their cars in time. To create employment due to fabrication of the machine.

1.4 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY.

Since the machine is manufactured from locally available materials such as steel 4140 and stainless steel
will ensure manufactured of this A Simple Double Car Jack Machine in large scale.

Due to high number of small and local workshops in Kenya, which are the main targeted of selling this
machine, this will generate income and hence increase government revenue which will come as tax. Local
people will get employment for manufacturing this machine since the demand is high as there are a lot of
workshops in Kenya.

The availability of skilled and semi-skilled labor will help the personnel to manufacture of the machine.

1.5 CSOPE OF THE STUDY.

This design is aimed to serve small and local car workshops to get in to business which are unable to
afford expensive lifting machine. These small and local car workshops face challenges during
maintenances of cars which is the major process in their field.

2
 CHAPTER TWO.
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW.
2.1INTRODUCTION
The history of the hydraulic jacks can be dated many years ago when French mathematician and
philosopher by the name Blaise Pascal illustrated the principle of hydraulic jack in the 17th
century

in 1795, Joseph Bramah the British engineer obtained a Patent for certain new methods of
producing and application of more power to all machinery that requiring motion and force.

Richard Dudgeon incorporation started in New York as a machine shop and on July 8,
1851where he was awarded a patent for ‘portable hydraulic press.

During the winter, other liquids tend to freeze and thicken hence the most applied fluid was
whiskey and the name Whiskey Jack came into existence.

However, these machines are costly and maintenance cost is high. This high initial and maintenance cost
is a limitation to small and local workshops.

This machine is also environmental friendly as there is no emission of harmful gasses or substances and
cost friendly as it does not use electricity.

The proposed design A Simple Double Car Jack Machine as the tittle suggests is a simple to operate. The
machine does not require any specialized skills. The machine is manually operated by hand by pressing or
pulling the handle provided.

2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK.

2.2.1 Components and Parts.
The machine will have the following components and parts:

3
1. BASE

130

Base

50

2 OFF

This support supports the machine structure. The base will be fabricated from Mild Steel because of its
high strength and ability to withstand vibrations when the machine is working. The machine will be
assembled of the base will be by welding to avoid leakages.

2. BEAMS AND PARKINGS (2off)

Parking
5
10
10

Beam
45

4
This creates strong support of the work holding plate in case the load overcomes the jack. The parking’s
adds the height of the beam this parking’s are more than one according to the desire height. Both the
parking’s and beams are made of 4140 steel material.

3. HYDROLIC HOSE PIPE

This hydraulic hose pipe transmits the hydraulic fluid form the presser to the jack.it protect the fluid from
outside environment.

4. PADS /WORK SUPPORTER

100cm

50cm 5

The metallic pads are comprised of anywhere between 30% and 70% metals including copper, iron, steel, or
other composite alloys this protect the shaft and also increases the height of the jack. It is place at the top
of the jack shaft

5
5. SCREW

This locks the collar at the presser to hold the pressing shaft not to come upwards after pressing

6. JACK

This is where hydraulic pressure is exacted .it is the main component

6
7. PRESSING SHAFT

Pressing shaft

This exact the pressure in the pressing unit which presses the fluid through the hydraulics hose pipeto the
jack or the hydraulic cylinder.

7
 CHAPTER THREE
3.0RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The project manly focuses in modification of car jack. As this Simple Double Car Jack Machine
contain different parts and each part requires repair and maintenance. The only difference between the
proposed Simple Double Car Jack Machine and a common jack is that this this is more rigid and both
jacks can be used at the same time. His therefore makes jacking more time friendly and accurate in its
operation. There shall be changing and replacement of the parts if need be since this machine, like other
machines it require regular maintenance. The type and size of the presser will depend on the size of the
piston in the jacks and the recommended pressure needed for all pistons. The study tend to make the
machine to have rigid having sufficient capacity to operate a t heavier cars or machines. The material to
be used should have high tensile and stress resistance because of the heavy weights.

3.2 DESIGN.
3.2.1 Construction and Working Principles.
CONSTRUCTION OF THE SIMPLE DOUGH KNEADING MACHINE.

The Simple Double Car Jack Machine will have the following parts.

1. BASE

130 cm

5c
m

base

50cm

The base supports the entire structure and since there is a spare it will need two base. The base will be cut
from Mild Steel because of its high strength. The base will be flat and it will require finishing processes
such as filing and chamfering.

8
Area =130cm×50cm

=6500cm

Total area of the base

Area =130cm×50cm

=6500cm

6500cm×2cm=

13000cm

Then

A=a×b

130cm×5cm

=650cm

650cm×2cm

=1300cm

A=a×b

50cm×5cm

=2500cm

2500cm×2cm

=5000cm

T.area = 13000cm+1300cm+5000cm

=19300cm

2. BEAMS AND PARKUNGS

9
Parking
5c
10cm
m
10cm

Beam
45cm

The beams act as the supporters of the pads /work supporter which support the work. It will be made from
45 by 10 , 4140 steel. As this will require finishing processes such as filing and chamfering.

Area =45cm×10cm

=450cm

Total area of the beam

Area =45cm×10cm

=450cm

450cm×4cm=

1800cm

Then

A=a×b

10cm×10cm

=100cm

100cm×2cm

=200cm

T.area 1800cm+200cm

=2000cm

10
Pressure= F/A

Force

3000N

P=3000/450

6.67N/cm

HYDROLIC HOSE PIPE

This hydraulic hose pipe transmits the hydraulic fluid form the presser to the jack.it protect the fluid from
outside environment. This hose pipe is flexible and one can bend in easily to adjust the position he or she
needs.

Hydraulic radius

R= cross-sectional area = A/P

Wettedperimeter

= A=π r 2

15^2cm×3.142

706.95cm

R=706.95/50

11
14.139cm^2p

4. PADS /WORK SUPPORTER

100cm

50cm 5

The metallic pads are comprised of anywhere between 30% and 70% metals including copper, iron, steel, or
other composite alloys this protect the shaft and also increases the height of the jack. It is place at the top
of the jack shaft this is coasted. These pads allow the load to grip with a lot of friction force.

Total area

Area =100cm×50cm

=5000cm

5000cm×2cm=

10000cm

Then

A=a×b

100cm×30cm

=3000cm

3000cm×

=6000cm

50cm×30cm

12
1500cm

1500cm×2

3000cm

T.area 10000cm+6000cm+3000cm

=19000cm

5. SCREW

This locks the collar at the presser to hold the pressing shaft not to come upwards after pressing .it is

Size M10

Basic dia =10.00

1/p = 0.6667

Stress dia =8.5927

Tensile stress area= 75.9896

Pitch dia =9.0257

6. JACK

13
This is where hydraulic pressure is exacted .it is the main component

7. PRESSING SHAFT

Pressing shaft

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF A SIMPLE DOUBLE CAR JACK MACHINE

When the presser is pressed the hydraulic is transmitted through the hydraulic pipe to the jacks then the
presser is locked with a collar with a screw .the jacks shafts riser to rise the pads up and hence rises the
object in both sides.

14
 F1

A2
A1

F2

FI/A1=F2/A2

BLOCK DIAGRAM AND STEPS FOLLOWED

Pressing of the presser Hydraulic fluid

Raising of the jack shaft
pressed

Adding of the parking’s

Step 1(Pressing of the presser)

In this part of the presser if pressed to obtain the pressure needed

Step 2(Hydraulic fluid pressed)

The fluid is passing through the pipe to.

Step 3(Raising of the jack shaft)

When the pressure is exacted, the jack shaft rises to lift the load

Step 4(Adding of the parking’s)

15
This are parked to obtain the height needs by the operator.

SPECIFICATIONS.

3.3.1 Material Specifications.

Material specifications for the Simple Double Car Jack Machine, for components and parts will include;

1) Type of material.
2) Quantity or Size and
3) Mechanical Properties.
4) Number of parts.

The specification for each component can be summarized in the table below;

NO Component/Part Material Quantity/Size Number of parts/ Mechanical

. Components Properties
1 Base Mild Steel- 2 High
channel and angle resistance to
sections tensile stress
and strains
2 Beam And Stainless Steel 2 ,parking’s depends High
Parking’s with the high needed resistance to
tensile stress
and strains
3 Hydraulic Hose Stainless Steel 2 Corrosion
Pipe resistance

4 Pads /Work 2 Resistance

Supporter to abrasion

5 Screw 2 High
resistance to
tensile stress
and strains
6 Jack 2

16
3.4 PROJECT COSTING.
S/N ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT COST
1 Base 16gauge mild steel sheet Unit 7M *3M 3000
2 Beam And Parking’s 16gauge mild steel sheet 2 pc ,parking’s 1500
depends with the
high needed
3 Hydraulic Hose Pipe Hydraulic radius 2 pcs 12000
14.139cm^2p

4 Pads /Work Supporter between 30% and 70% metals 2pc 4500
including copper, iron, steel

5 Screw M10 1 pcs 2164

6 Jack Made or provided 2 pc 3000
Total 26164
3.5 4 Cost Analysis
S/N item description unit cost 26164 ksh

Labour cost= 5000 ksh

Hydraulic fliud 7000ksh

Total cost = matercost+ labour cost

Total cost = 26164+5000+7000 =38164ksh

17
 3.5 ASSEMBLY OF THE MACHINE.

Preparation of the base Preparation of the beam

Preparation of the pads
and prekings

Welding of the beams by Preparation of the Preparation of

estimated coordinates jacks thepressing unit

Welding of jack to the Welding of pads to the

Assembly of the pressing base by estimated jack by estimated
unit coordinates coordinates

Filling of the hydraulic

Jack pressing shaft 2OFF fluid

Jack 2OFF

Threaded screw

18
 CHAPTER FOUR.
4.1 FINDINGS
The results found showed that the Simple Double Car Jack Machine reduces fatigue and save
time in machine handling it also possessed the rigidity to support work

4.2 DATA ANALYSIS

The Simple Double Car Jack Machine obtained from the market, was taken and tested with a
collage practice car, Simple Double Car Jack Machine works as according to the give design.
The test was done by mechanical and automotive students in the college and it saved time as
motioned previously.

4.3 CONCLUSSION
The economic in Kenya is largely caused by lack in innovation in many small scale industries.
Since the government of Kenya promotes innovation I would like to encourage young engineers

19
expand their minds in innovation and arm income. This project helps engineering students to
enable to weld and ta a lot of practice since the assemble is all about welding. Since time
consuming has been a challenge to engineers and student engineer to base in machine that can
save time or batch production.

4.4 RECCOMMENDATION.
I recommend that this machine should use be stored in a clean environment and one should read
that safety instructions given by the manufacture of the project designer

REFERENCES
1. Hydraulic machines IN SL units by Er. R. K Rajput and S. Chand

2. Solid and fluid mechanics by S .S. Bhavikatti and C.p. Kothandaraman

3. Smith D.A.,Mechanical press type and nomenclature,MI, USA,2005, 27

4. Mechanics of fluids 4th Edition B. S Massey

5. Applied Mechanics Walker S.D

20